00302698 PDF BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 370 1993 Wood preservatives — Determination of eradicant efficacy in preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) The European Standard EN 370 1993 has the s[.]
BRITISH STANDARD Wood preservatives — Determination of eradicant efficacy in preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) The European Standard EN 370:1993 has the status of a British Standard UDC 74.048.4:620.193.87 BS EN 370:1993 BS EN 370:1993 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries: Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 May 1993 © BSI 12-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/515 Draft for comment 90/54561 DC ISBN 580 21420 Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Institut belge de normalisation Dansk Standardiseringsraad Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y Association franỗaise de normalisation Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V Hellenic Organization for Standardization Technological Institute of Iceland National Standards Authority of Ireland Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Inspection du Travail et des Mines Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norges Standardiseringsforbund Instituto Portugs da Qualidade Asociación Espola de Normalización y Certificación Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Association suisse de normalisation British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date Comments BS EN 370:1993 Contents Cooperating organizations National foreword Foreword Text of EN 370 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible National annex NB (informative) Cross-references © BSI 12-1999 Page Inside front cover ii Inside back cover Inside back cover i BS EN 370:1993 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering and is the English language version of EN 370:1993 Wood preservatives — Determination of eradicant efficacy in preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum (De Geer), published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) EN 370:1993 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the United Kingdom took an active part CAUTION Attention is drawn to the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, and a need for ensuring that the method specified in this British Standard is carried out with suitable precautions The procedure described in this British Standard is intended to be carried out by appropriately qualified and experienced persons or other suitably trained and/or supervised personnel Attention is drawn to the precautions given in the introduction and 5.3.2 A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover ii © BSI 12-1999 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 370 NORME EUROPÉENNE April 1993 EUROPÄISCHE NORM UDC 74.048.4:620.193.87 Descriptors: Wood, wood preservatives, insecticides, pesticides, pest control, laboratory tests, determination, effectiveness, anobiidae English version Wood preservatives — Determination of eradicant efficacy in preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) Produits de préservation du bois — Détermination de l’efficacité curative contre l’émergence d’Anobium punctatum (De Geer) Holzschutzmittel — Bestimmung der auf Schlupfverhinderung beruhenden bekämpfenden Wirksamkeit gegenüber Anobium punctatum (De Geer) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-03-31 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref No EN 370:1993 E EN 370:1993 Foreword This European Standard was drawn up by the “Anobium” Expert Group of CEN/TC 38 “Durability of wood and wood-based products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR The method is new and has been developed to assess the efficacy of eradicant formulations based on non-penetrating fluids which act only on emerging adult beetles and not at depth on larvae established in the wood This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1993, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 1993 This European Standard has been approved by CEN and in accordance with the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom Contents Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Definitions Principle Test materials and apparatus Sampling Test specimens Procedure Validity of test 10 Expression of results 11 Test report Annex A (informative) Example of a test report Annex B (informative) Culturing for technique of Anobium punctatum Annex C (informative) Bibliography Figure 1a — Number and distribution of test specimens taken from three different trees of the same species Figure 1b — Origin and cutting of the test specimen Figure — Preparation of subspecimens Figure — Distribution of holes in subspecimens Table — Numbers of larvae Table A.1 — Results Page 3 3 3 4 7 11 12 13 10 10 11 © BSI 12-1999 EN 370:1993 Introduction Normative references This European Standard describes a laboratory method of test which gives a basis for assessment of the eradicant efficacy of a wood preservative, in preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum It determines the lethal effects, of an insecticidal product, deposited by surface application, on beetles attempting to emerge through treated wood surfaces The method simulates conditions which can appear in practice where a length of timber infested with Anobium punctatum is treated on all the sides from which emergence of beetles is possible This laboratory method provides one criterion by which the value of a product can be assessed In making this assessment the methods by which the preservative may be applied should be taken into account It is further recommended that results from this test should be supplemented by those from other appropriate tests, and above all by comparison with practical experience When products which are very active at low concentrations are used it is very important to take suitable precautions to isolate and separate, as far as possible, operations involving chemical products, other products, treated wood, laboratory apparatus and clothing Suitable precautions should include the use of separate rooms, areas within rooms, extraction facilities, conditioning chambers and special training for personnel This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies ISO 835-1:1981, Laboratory glassware — Graduated pipettes — Part 1: General requirements ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods Scope Preservative is applied by brush or pipette into test specimens of a susceptible timber After drying the test specimens are cut into two subspecimens and larvae of Anobium punctatum are introduced into the freshly-cut end grain surfaces After allowing larvae to establish, the untreated faces are sealed and insects are induced to pupate and emerge The numbers of beetles that emerge and the population that remains within the specimens are compared with those in untreated controls This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the curative action of a wood preservative against infestation by Anobium punctatum (De Geer) when the product is applied as a surface treatment to wood This method is applicable to any surface applied treatment that is intended to prevent emergence of adult beetles but not intended to kill larvae in infested timber NOTE This method may be used in conjunction with an ageing procedure, for example EN 73 NOTE Products intended to kill larvae should be tested by the method described in EN 48 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply 3.1 representative sample a sample having its physical or chemical characteristics identical to the volumetric average characteristics of the total volume being sampled 3.2 supplier the sponsor of the test Principle Test materials and apparatus 5.1 Biological material 5.1.1 Anobium punctatum (De Geer) larvae NOTE The culturing technique, which experience has shown to be suitable, is described in Annex B 5.1.2 Provision of larvae Carefully split or crumble infested small branchwood to extract larvae Examine them under a binocular miscroscope and destroy any that show injury or mite infestation or that not respond by movement when touched © BSI 12-1999 EN 370:1993 Weigh the larvae and keep those that have a mass between mg and 12 mg, and are in perfect condition Keep them, for between 12 h and 60 h, separately from one another in glass receptacles in the culturing chamber (5.3.1) Re-examine them and reject any which not show movement in response to stimulation with a fine brush 5.1.3 Choice of larvae Select sets of 12 larvae so that the total mass of each set is between 100 mg and 125 mg The numbers of larvae required are shown in Table Table — Numbers of larvae Number of test specimens (100 mm × 50 mm × 30 mm) Number of required formulations to be tested Untreated Treated controls specimens 6 12 Total number of larvae required 144 216 360 432 NOTE Additional larvae may be required to replace larvae which not establish in the test subspecimens or: ventilated and controlled at (6 ± 1) °C and relative humidity (70 ± 5) % 5.3.5 Drill, provided with bits capable of drilling smooth cylindrical holes of mm diameter in wood 5.3.6 Plastics plates, of opaque unplasticized PVC, 50 mm × 30 mm × mm 5.3.7 Safety equipment and protective clothing, appropriate for the test product and the test solvent, to ensure the safety of the operator 5.3.8 Pipette, of type specified in ISO 835-1, class B: graduated pipette with no waiting time Capacity from 0,5 ml to 25 ml with an accuracy of ± 0,01 ml 5.3.9 Ordinary laboratory equipment, including a balance capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0,01 g Sampling The sample of preservative shall be representative of the product to be tested Samples shall be stored and handled in accordance with any written recommendations from the supplier NOTE For the sampling of preservatives from bulk supplies, the procedure given in EN 212 should be used 5.2 Products and reagents Test specimens 5.2.1 Water, complying with grade of ISO 3696 5.2.2 Gelatin, for sealing the relevant surfaces of specimens to be treated with solutions in which an organic solvent is the continuous phase 5.2.3 Paraffin wax, for sealing the relevant surfaces of specimens to be treated with solutions in which water is the continuous phase 7.1 Species of wood NOTE Paraffin wax with a setting point of 52 °C to 54 °C has been found to be suitable Use only sound sapwood, straight-grained and without knots and bark The wood shall have an average growth of between two annual growth rings per 10 mm and eight annual growth rings per 10 mm (two annual growth rings per 10 mm to six annual rings per 10 mm for beech) 5.3 Apparatus 5.3.1 Culturing chamber, with air circulation, controlled at (21 ± 1) °C, and at relative humidity (80 ± 5) % 5.3.2 Laboratory work area, well ventilated, where treatment of the test specimens is carried out CAUTION It is essential to follow safety procedures for handling flammable and toxic materials Avoid excessive exposure of operators to solvents or their vapours 5.3.3 Testing chamber, ventilated, controlled at (21 ± 1) °C and at relative humidity (70 ± 5) % 5.3.4 Low temperature regime chamber, either: ventilated and controlled to provide a continuous temperature regime with consecutive cycles of 12 h at (6 ± 1) °C and 12 h at (13 ± 1) °C; The test shall be carried out on Pinus sylvestris (Linnaeus) European redwood, Scots pine NOTE Additional tests may be made with other species such as beech (Fagus sylvatica) (Linnaeus) but, if so, this should be stated in the test report 7.2 Quality of wood NOTE It is recommended to use test specimens of similar growth rate within a single test Only sapwood with a low resin content shall be used The proportion of summer wood in the annual rings shall not exceed 30 % of the whole The wood shall have been neither floated nor subjected to chemical or heat treatment It shall be air dried and shall not have been stored for more than five years NOTE Gentle artificial drying at below 60 °C may be used © BSI 12-1999 EN 370:1993 7.3 Provision of test specimens Select the test specimens (which are subsequently cut into two subspecimens) for each test from three trees For each test the test specimens from each tree shall all be selected from within a m length of the tree measured in the direction of the grain Select the specimens as shown in Figure 1a Cut the test specimens from scantlings or beams, so that, on the transverse cross section, the annual growth rings form an angle of 45° ± 10° with the longitudinal faces (see Figure 1b) The test specimens shall be planed 7.4 Dimensions of test specimens The dimensions of each test specimen, measured at 12 % (m/m) moisture content shall be: (100 ± 0,5) mm × (50 ± 0,5) mm × (30 ± 0,5) mm NOTE Moisture meters of the two-pronged electrical conductivity type are suitable for assessing moisture content Mark each specimen so that it can be identified throughout the test 7.5 Number of test specimens Use, for a single preservative, applied at a single concentration, by a single method of treatment: — treated test specimens (one per tree); — untreated control specimens (one per tree) If the examination involves several preservatives, concentrations or methods of treatment at the same time, three untreated control specimens shall be used for two sets of three treated test specimens (see Figure 1a) Procedure 8.1 Preparation of the test specimens 8.1.1 Sealing of the transverse faces Seal the transverse cross sections: 8.1.1.1 For tests with solutions in which water is the continuous phase, apply three coats of the paraffin wax (5.2.3) at about 90 °C so that the first coat adheres closely to the wood and the successive coatings bond to one another 8.1.1.2 For tests with preservative solutions in which the continuous phase is an organic solvent that dissolves paraffin wax, use the gelatin (5.2.2); apply the first coat with an aqueous solution of 200 g/l at 40 °C, then after a minimum of h of drying, apply two further coats of an aqueous solution of 300 g/l at 50 °C 8.1.2 Treatment of test specimens 8.1.2.1 Preparation of treatment solution 8.1.2.1.1 Solid preservatives: water soluble preservatives © BSI 12-1999 Dissolve the preservative in the water (5.2.1) to the required concentrations 8.1.2.1.2 Liquid preservatives If appropriate, use the preservative without further preparation other than any necessary stirring If it is a concentrate, dilute it with the diluent to the required working concentration, using the procedure specified by the supplier All treatment solutions shall be freshly prepared 8.1.2.2 Application of the treatment solution Determine the actual area of each unsealed surface to be treated taking into account any possible encroachment of the sealing compound NOTE The area to be treated is theoretically 160 cm2 Determine the volumes or masses of the treatment solution (8.1.2.1) to be applied to each unsealed face to give the application rate specified by the supplier NOTE The quantity of treatment solution to be applied should be realistic in view of the field of application and the supplier’s instructions Normally the quantity should not exceed 250 g/m2 In the laboratory work area (5.3.2), using either the pipette (5.3.8) or a brush, apply respectively the calculated volume or mass of the treatment solution (8.1.2.1) to each of the unsealed faces as uniformly as possible and measured to the nearest 0,01 ml or 0,01 g When applying by pipette (5.3.8) use pen-like zig-zag movements across each surface Apply the treatment solution to each face whilst keeping that face in a horizontal and upward facing position Allow any surface liquid to be absorbed into each face before treating the next face NOTE If the required quantity cannot be applied in one application the treatment solution may be applied in successive applications at appropriately close intervals so as to avoid solidification of any substances hindering the penetration of the subsequent applications If brush application is used, weigh the specimens before and immediately after each brush application to determine the mass applied From the quantity of treatment solution applied to each face of each treated test specimen, determine and record the application rate in grams per square metre (brush application) or millilitres per square metre (pipette application) of the treated test specimens 8.1.2.3 Conditioning of the test specimens after treatment After treatment, condition the specimens for four weeks in the laboratory work area (5.3.2) Arrange the specimens on their narrow faces, resting on glass rods, not touching one another Invert the specimens twice a week EN 370:1993 If the test specimens shall be subjected to an ageing procedure (e.g EN 73) this shall be carried out after this conditioning procedure 8.2 Exposure of the test specimens to the insects 8.2.1 Preparation of subspecimens Cross-cut each specimen, at its centre as shown in Figure Then cross-cut each piece to remove the sealed transverse face to give a subspecimen 45 mm long 8.2.2 Insertion of larvae Keep all the subspecimens in the testing chamber (5.3.3) for two weeks before drilling the holes to take the larvae Using the drill (5.3.5), drill six cylindrical holes approximately mm deep in the two transverse cross sections of each subspecimen Drill a pattern of holes in two lines of three, 10 mm from the large faces of the subspecimen with a distance between the holes in the same row of 15 mm and a distance between the two rows of 10 mm (see Figure 3) Insert the selected larvae head first, one into each of the 12 holes of each of the six treated subspecimens (derived from the three treated specimens) and six untreated control subspecimens, (derived from three untreated control specimens) Close the entrances to the holes by means of glass plates and fix these to the test subspecimen by means of a narrow adhesive tape or elastic rubber bands NOTE Ordinary microscope slides have been found suitable for use as glass plates NOTE It is also possible to insert the larvae in two stages First, larvae are inserted in one end only of each subspecimen and the subspecimens are left for one week with the ends containing the larvae uppermost After one week, the subspecimens are inverted and the larvae are inserted into the second end Keep the subspecimens in the testing chamber (5.3.3) for one week, placing them on one of their wider lateral faces At the end of this period remove the glass plates to establish whether individual larvae have tunnelled into the test subspecimens Actively tunnelling larvae will have obscured the hole entrances with excreted frass Replace any larvae which not start boring then seal the end grain surfaces with opaque plastics plate (5.3.6) affixed with an adhesive containing no ingredients or solvents which would have a toxic effect on the insects NOTE Latex rubber solution or gelatine solution have been found to be suitable 8.2.3 Conditioning of infested subspecimens to induce emergence Keep the subspecimens, complete with larvae, in the testing chamber (5.3.3) for a further three weeks Then place the subspecimens in a low temperature regime chamber (5.3.4) to stimulate pupation of larvae NOTE The following regimes have been found to produce adequate levels of pupation in certain countries, either: 10 weeks at (6 ± 1) °C, or; 10 weeks of a regime of 12 hours at (6 ± 1) °C followed by 12 hours at (13 ± 1) °C NOTE Other low temperature regimes may also be used provided that they produce emergence from untreated controls which complies with the criteria for the validity of the test (clause 9) At the end of the low temperature regime replace the subspecimens in the testing chamber (5.3.3) 8.3 Examination of subspecimens Examine the subspecimens each week to establish the number of exit holes or emerged beetles Remove and record any beetles found Emergence may begin from to 16 weeks after removal from the low temperature regime and usually lasts two to four weeks When no further beetles or exit holes have been observed for four weeks, record the total number of exit holes on each subspecimen If less than 30 of the insects in the untreated control subspecimens from a test of a single product have emerged 24 weeks after removal of the subspecimens from the low temperature regime then repeat the low temperature regime on both the treated and untreated subspecimens Also repeat the examination procedure at weekly intervals until no further beetles have been observed for four weeks Record the start of emergence and the number of cycles of the low temperature regime Record the numbers of beetles emerging from each treated subspecimen and each untreated control subspecimen and the number of exit holes on each subspecimen Record the number of larvae and beetles retrieved by cutting up each subspecimen at the end of the test, separating them into: — dead or moribund larvae or pupae; — live larvae or pupae; — dead or moribund beetles; — live beetles Determine and record the number of insects not recovered © BSI 12-1999 EN 370:1993 Validity of the test The test shall be considered valid if for a test of a single product at least 30 of the larvae placed in the untreated control subspecimens have emerged as adult beetles 10 Expression of results The results shall be expressed in the terms given in 8.3 The eradicant efficacy shall be assessed by comparison of the numbers of beetles emerging from, and the population remaining in, the treated subspecimens with the numbers emerging from, and the population remaining in, the untreated subspecimens as recorded in 8.3 11 Test report The test report shall include at least the following information (see also Annex A for an example): a) the number and date of this European Standard; b) the name of the supplier of the preservative under test; c) the specific and unique name or code of the preservative tested, with an indication of whether or not the composition has been declared; d) if relevant, the solvent or diluent used; e) the species of wood used; f) the concentration of preservatives tested, expressed as percentages by mass; g) the method of application and number of coats of preservative applied; h) the amount of product applied to the treated surface in grams per square metre and millilitres per square metre; © BSI 12-1999 i) the date of the application of the preservative; j) any ageing procedures carried out, specifying the type, conditions and duration, with possible reference to a standard; k) the date of insertion of larvae; l) the date(s) of examination of the subspecimens; m) the date of first emergence of beetles and the number of low temperature regimes; n) the results of the examination of each treated subspecimen and each control subspecimen: — number of adults emerged from the wood; — number of exit holes in the sealed and unsealed surfaces; — number of insects found, dividing them into: living i) adult beetles, ii) larvae and iii) pupae dead i) adult beetles, ii) larvae and iii) pupae number of unrecovered insects o) the name of the organization responsible for the test report and the date of issue; p) the name and signature of the officer(s) in charge of testing; q) the following note: “The interpretation and the practical conclusions that can be drawn from this test report demand a specialized knowledge of the subject of wood preservation and, for this reason, this test report cannot of itself constitute an approval certificate” The test report shall list any variation from the described test method and any factors that may have influenced the results EN 370:1993 Figure 1a — Number and distribution of test specimens taken from three different trees of the same species © BSI 12-1999 EN 370:1993 Figure 1b — Origin and cutting of the test specimen © BSI 12-1999 EN 370:1993 Figure — Preparation of subspecimens Figure — Distribution of holes in subspecimens 10 © BSI 12-1999 EN 370:1993 Annex A (informative) Example of a test report — Number and date of this European Standard — Name of supplier — Name and type of preservative : EN 370:1993 : company S : X-emulsion formulation, ready for use, composition not declared : None : Pinus sylvestris (Linnaeus) : preservative used undiluted : brushing: two coats in 24 h — Solvent or diluent used — Species of wood used — Concentration of the preservative tested — Type of treatment and number of applications — Average quantity of preservative applied to each test specimen — Date of application — Date of insertion of larvae — Date of examination — Date of first emergence of beetles — Number of low temperature regimes — Results This report has been prepared by the Location and date Name and signature of the officer(s) in charge : 250 g/m2 : 1985.10.22 : 1985.12.03 : 1986.08.20 : 1986.06.25 :1 : see Table A.1 : laboratory L : X 1986.11.17 : Mrs Y NOTE The interpretation and the practical conclusions that can be drawn from this test report demand a specialized knowledge of the subject of wood preservation and, for this reason, this test report cannot of itself constitute an approval certificate Table A.1 — Results Type and number of subspecimen Number of insects recovered Number of exit holes Number of adult beetles emerged Number of insects not recovered Condition of insects recovered by cutting subspecimens Live Dead Adults Pupae Larvae Adults Pupae Larvae Treated 12 11 12 12 12 11 1 0 1 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 8 0 0 0 2 1 Total 70 4 20 0 16 42 Untreated controls 12 12 11 12 12 12 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 Total 71 36 36 0 25 © BSI 12-1999 11 EN 370:1993 Annex B (informative) Culturing technique for Anobium punctatum B.1 Culture wood B.1.1 Wood species Oak (Quercus sp.) or hazel (Corylus avellana) NOTE Other European hardwoods may also be used if experience of their suitability is available NOTE After four weeks in culturing conditions dead adult beetles may be removed NOTE After 18 months in the conditions described in B.4.1, the majority of larvae should exceed a mass of mg B.1.2 Collection of culture wood Use only small branchwood felled in the winter and containing a high proportion of sapwood B.1.3 Cutting of culture wood Strip bark from larger stems (30 mm diameter) and cross cut to lengths of approximately 150 mm Stems may be split lengthwise to facilitate drying B.1.4 Drying of culture wood Dry as rapidly as possible by placing in a stream of air not exceeding 40 °C B.2 Source of beetles B.2.1 Collection of beetles Obtain freshly emerged adult beetles of Anobium punctatum from naturally infested material Do not bring naturally infested material into the vicinity of the laboratory or culturing areas Moisten naturally infested material occasionally During the summer emergence period, take daily collections of beetles from the surfaces of the infested wood, tapping gently to remove beetles from their exit holes B.2.2 Quarantine of beetles Place one filter paper sheet vertically into a large glass jar and then introduce the collected adult beetles Place a lid or gauze covering on the jar Keep the jar remote from the culturing area for 24 h and then remove the filter paper with attached beetles The attached beetles may be used for culturing The jar should be sterilized and the remaining beetles destroyed B.3 Infestation of culture wood B.3.1 Culture vessels Glass jars large enough to contain the pieces of wood (B.3.2) stood in a vertical position B.3.2 Preparation of wood The pieces of wood may be utilized with sawn and split surfaces only, or with muslin mesh of 0,3 mm to 0,5 mm fixed on to one end grain surface using sodium carboxymethylcellulose glue (food quality) Alternatively egg-laying sites may be provided by artificially roughening or scoring the surface of the wood B.3.3 Introduction of beetles Place the pieces of wood vertically in jars with, where appropriate, muslin-coated ends uppermost Introduce one pair of adult beetles for every 15 cm3 to 20 cm3 wood (approximately) Cover the jar tops with an air-permeable material, e.g muslin (aperture approximately 0,8 mm) or filter paper to prevent escape of beetles B.4 Culturing conditions B.4.1 Normal environment The normal culturing conditions are obtained in introducing the culture vessels with the infested wood (B.3.3) into the culturing chamber (5.3.1) B.4.2 Natural pupation induction After a minimum of 18 months in conditions as in B.4.1, place the culturing jars in an unheated insectary from mid-November to mid-March, and then return to conditions as in B.4.1 Emergence can be expected after a delay of several months 12 © BSI 12-1999 EN 370:1993 B.4.3 Artificial pupation induction It is possible to induce pupation and emergence by means of a period of refrigeration of the infested wood at °C for between 60 days and 80 days However with some sources of insects it has been found necessary to simulate artificially the varying outside temperature conditions for early spring time to achieve adequate emergence By both means it is also possible to obtain emergence of beetles out-of-season or throughout the year B.5 Collection of beetles Inspect cultures daily and remove adult beetles by tapping the wood samples Reinfestation to achieve a second generation may be possible in the culture wood Furthermore, material can be used more readily as a source of larvae for test work by crumbling or splitting the infested samples B.6 General culture hygiene Special precautions and strict adherence to them is necessary to avoid infestations of parasites, mainly mites of the genus Pyemotes or Hymenoptera such as Theocolax formiciformis or Spathius exarator The parasitic mites Pyemotes spp and other species can be very troublesome, especially under conditions of incubation These mites are frequently present in wood with a natural Anobium infestation and it is essential not to bring naturally infested wood into the room or incubators where tests are carried out Important precautions are: — prohibit introduction of unsterilized naturally infested wood into laboratory or culturing areas; — avoid transfer of mites from naturally infested wood by changing clothing before and after working with cultures After contact with naturally infested material, staff should avoid contact with clean cultures for 24 h; — keep culture jars isolated from each other in shallow trays of water containing a small quantity of detergent; — keep adult beetles collected for tests or for re-culturing overnight in closed petri dishes with paper-lined bottoms (10 insects per dish) The following day examine the insects and discard any which seem damaged or inactive Annex C (informative) Bibliography EN 48:1988, Wood preservatives — Determination of the eradicant action against larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (laboratory method) EN 73:1988, Wood preservatives — Accelerated ageing of treated wood prior to biological testing — Evaporative ageing procedure EN 212:1986, Wood preservatives — Guide to sampling and preparation of wood preservatives and treated timber for analysis © BSI 12-1999 13 14 blank BS EN 370:1993 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering (B/-) to Technical Committee B/515, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Wood Preserving and Damp-proofing Association Chemical Industries’ Association Creosote Council Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Electricity Industry in United Kingdom Institute of Wood Science National House-building Council Timber Research and Development Association Timber Trade Federation The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of Consulting Scientists Imperial College of Science and Technology National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard EN 48:1988 BS 5436:1989 Wood preservatives and determination of eradicant action against larvae of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (laboratory method) BS 5761 Wood preservatives Accelerated ageing of treated wood prior to biological testing Part 1:1989 Evaporative ageing procedure BS 5666 Methods of analysis of wood preservatives and treated timber Part 1:1987 Guide to sampling and preparation of wood preservatives and treated timber for analysis BS 700 Graduated pipettes Part 1:1982 Specification for general requirements BS 3978:1987 Specification for water for laboratory use EN 73:1988 EN 212:1986 ISO 835-1:1981 ISO 3696:1987 © BSI 12-1999 BS EN 370:1993 BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level It is incorporated by Royal Charter Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the 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