EVALUATION OF THE ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TENSILE AND CREEP-RUPTURE PROPERTIES OF TO PERCENT CHROMIUM-MOLYBDENUM STEELS Prepared for the METAL PROPERTIES COUNCIL by G V Smith ASTM DATA SERIES PUBLICATION DS 58 List price $14.75 05-058000-40 €» AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa 19103 © by American Society for Testing and Materials Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 75-18417 NOTE The Society is not responsible, as a body, for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication Printed in Gibbsboro, N.J October 1975 Foreword This book represents a part of a continuing effort by The Metal Properties Council on behalf of the engineering community Individuals and organizations generating additional information concerning the materials evaluated in this report, or in others in this series, are urged to make these data available to the Council for incorporation in future revisions Address the Council at: The United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th St., New York, N.Y 10017 Related ASTM Publications Supplemental Report on the Elevated-Temperature Properties of ChromiumMolybdenum Steels, DS 6-S2 (1971), $7.00, 05-006002-40 Evaluation of the Elevated Temperature Tensile and Creep-Rupture Properties of C-Mo, Mn-Mo, and Mn-Mo-Ni Steels, DS 47 (1971), $6.25 05-04700-02 A Note of Appreciation to Reviewers This publication is made possible by the authors and, also, the unheralded efforts of the reviewers This body of technical experts whose dedication, sacrifice of time and effort, and collective wisdom in reviewing the papers must be acknowledged The quality level of ASTM publications is a direct function of their respected opinions On behalf of ASTM we acknowledge with appreciation their contribution ASTM Committee on Publications Editorial Staff Jane B Wheeler, Managing Editor Helen M Hoersch, Associate Editor Charlotte E.Wilson, Senior Assistant Editor Ellen J McGlinchey, Assistant Editor Contents Figures thru Introduction Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, and Ductility Part 3Cr-lMo Part 5Cr-^Mo Part 5Cr-HMo-Si Part 5Cr-V£Mo-Ti Part 7Cr-1/4Mo Part 9Cr-lMo Creep and Rupture Properties Part 3Cr-lMo Part 5CT-VMO Part 5Cr-&Mo-Si Part 5Cr-'^Mo-Ti Part ICi-VMo Part 9Cr-lMo Choice Between Evaluation Procedures Comparison of Grades Acknowledgments References Tables Figures thru 60 Appendix: Specifications Encompassed in Report i 8 9 9 9 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 14 15 16 81 207 DS58-EB/Oct 1975 REFERENCE: Smith, G V., Evaluation of the Elevated Temperature Tensile and Creep Rupture Properties of 3-9 percent Chromium-Molybdenum Steels; ASTM Data Series, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1975 ABSTRACT: The evaluations of this report cover grades of chromium-molybdenum steel of interest for applications in boilers and pressure vessels: Cr - Mo Cr - h Mo-Ti Cr - h Mo Cr - h Mo Cr - h Mo-Si Cr - Mo The data that are evaluated include both previously published data and hitherto unpublished data gathered by The Metal Properties Council from contributing laboratories The properties that have been evaluated include yield strength, tensile strength, creep strength and rupture strength In evaluating the yield and tensile strength data, a normalizing procedure has been employed that involves ratioing the elevated temperature strength of a particular lot to the room temperature strength of that same lot The method of least squares is then employed to define a trend curve for the ratio values representing a particular material grade The rupture and secondary creep rate data have been evaluated by both direct isothermal interpolation or extrapolation, and by time-temperature parameter, to establish the temperature dependence of the average and minimum stresses to cause a secondary creep rate of 0.1 and 0.01 percent per 1000 hours, and of the average and minimum stresses to produce rupture in 1000, 10,000 and 100,000 hours Elongation and reduction of area data at fracture are included for both the short time elevated temperature tensile tests and for the rupture tests Summary figures, Figs 1-6, immediately following this abstract show the temperature dependence of strength properties for the grades of steel evaluated in this report In these illustrations, the yield and tensile strength trend curves have been adjusted so that they correspond at room temperature to the specified minimum values of common ASTM product specifications The creep and rupture strengths represent the average values for a secondary creep rate of 0.01 percent per 1000 hours and rupture in 100,000 hours, respectively Tabular comparisons of the yield strength ratio and tensile strength ratio trend curves for the six grades of steel are provided in Table V, and graphical comparisons are offered in Figs 5758 Tabular comparisons of the creep and rupture strengths are provided in Tables VIII through XI, with graphical comparisons of average 100,000hour rupture strengths and average 0.01 percent per 1000 hour creep strengths in Figs 59 and 60 KEY WORDS: elevated temperature, mechanical properties, tensile strength, yield strength, creep strength, rupture strength, elongation, reduction of area, chromium-molybdenum steels, time-temperature parameters, data evaluation Copyright © 1975 by ASTM International www.astm.org 10 _ 8_ 7_ llllli!llllll!!!!|llll!l!IIllpBl!i!iiSl!llliiiiiiiiii!ifiEilflfia^E -iiiiiiiiiiBiiiiiiiiiiiiiiBiiiiiteiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMi -lllllllllllllllllilllllilll^lBiliiiiiiiiiiiiliiliililiiliiiiiiillp — — — — — — — — — — - 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^rt>« ^^-» «_^^»_ 5^| | ^ 3_._ *\ I _ ^ , "ã C ^ ãô >ã - Variation of Larson-Miller creep rate parameter of 9Cr-lMo steel with stress 200 • " VjS^- — ' S„ "" V v -«>- "~ >_s k Fig 56 Variation of creep strength of steel with temperature 201 9Cr-lMo iliiIlii ^ff ''M'HttfMfiflfrirn'i ijljjM| mHrlllittFrH jiji^|i| Ifnntftwllt : M IM1 l':M ; MEM lH' ''J-T'ff" 1 1' 'i1 1r T iTTTT it ijftrtt -•!••• h1 Tjillf N'l'NTIlJ'ftl Mil**- |||[||||||}U|j|lj||||||||||j^B IL'-t iff; : \W\ ilTtirrrrr "• 41 {[|4I U11 M 111111114 t-H+t-H-rt-H-r U H-14~\-H±H+ ! tttitttffltfttt f||ll||§f 'Brfflrfffrrtt Si- ilH! ffflff 3g4IJM- [L^j-i: in S^SSSS: It '11 fl^Ettpi'Wl iffijm BBS [^ ml |-||:::-H 44^— -rtpHHfflHH : H Tntt TT1 ntl TFTmf * ;|pTmgntij| rt5L:^ffi •Iff It- JtJflfflCffil? -j-lif:nTTti f^* f WIIIF TTTTI I'llHIHIHI tttttttfft liftm IH HttntWlHtt1 fit lirailMllIiiiiRIlllin Pig 57 iframtH kfvM*Jffl mm :wmm$ i : jfili ,f-!:.:i!i ; litotititijtr 4mtm-H CTT TF! •i- ; • -^ TPfffP ir'Mf tM mjt m|(|J|tt)U}|j mi-HTitfi Til W\ M ; ilitllUHItll! 202 Hmn; ; •:,;:• -lit 11 =xP.Ei:iu|f ir •=#fc nm 4- IN'itfiS i hi ml MMLIft If 1*4 t llliill ill H •;•T tt-'tpf Comparison of yield strength ratios HHHHlfmF rrf mTp5 -iRfflUHi Ir "i.il.liliii N-llMtil lit l6«o Pig 58 Comparison of tensile strength ratios 203 10_ 8_ 7_ 6_ llllllllllillllllllllililllllllllllllll|||l|lllllllllllllllllllllllill iiiiiilillliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilliiiilliillillliiiiiiiiiiiiii - = = = -= —= = ==^ = = = = = = = — -= — — = = — — = = = — = — - =3gaiz3g§Gn|gp = = = = = = = = = = = == = = — = = = = = = = = = = == = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = ==: = = = = = z: = z = ^!zDii=^Scjft[z = = z: = = = =z = - = = = = = = = 3=" =-=355=^ IRE EjE —_—_ _ y\ ^^*_^ ^\ \ ' L \ "^ I 5V L k-^ •*< T" »j t r v 'L t \ V JC \ r 1_ k \ ^—^ ^ fV ^* ^ XL r> t V\ L _\ ^ ^.^ ij k JC -Illillll|||||||||||IIIIlllllil|I|iil|IllllllilllllllllllllllllllllIIII jH -Jjfc: fcJ^ fc ^^HHHP EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE|EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEIJ5LEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE= _ _ _ - U^.^^ _ L \\\ t vi \C \5 v V L QL ^»im \W _P _ [_ ^S^ ^r^r [ "^V^^i, ^J^^ _ I i 11 i:fO • ~* ] i^lir ' Pig- 59 ]jt!XIi i 33IITI TEMPERATURE F • _p ]2I3JI ' C _ ^_) Vy j$ k }\ 3^11 Comparison of Rupture Strengths (100,000 hours) 204 I_J_ f £K T^ ' ^ p^ Q i ' , zaSfll rowrpltATUltr, Pig 60 .f • —, , , , Comparison of creep strengths (0.0l£ per 1000 hrs) 205 ASTM-ASME specifications for grades of steel included in this evaluation (1974) 207 Specified minimum strength Norn Comp (1) Cr - 0.9 Mo Product Yield Strength ASME Form Spec No (2) Smls Tube SA-199 Tensile Strength Grade ksi MPa ksi MPa T 21 25.0 172 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 Cr - 0.9 Mo Smls Tube SA-213 Cr - 0.9 Mo Smls Pipe SA-335 T 21 P 21 Cr - Mo Smls Pipe SA-369 FP 21 30.0 207 60.0 414 Cr - Mo Plate SA-387 21 cl, 30.0 207 60.0 414 Cr - Mo Plate SA-387 21 cl 45.0 310 75.0 Cr - Mo Forg SA-336 F 21a 30.0 207 60.0 517 414 Cr - Mo Forg SA-336 F 21 45.0 310 75.0 517 Cr - Mo Forg SA-182 F 21 45.0 310 75.0 517 Cr h Mo Smls Tube SA-199 T 25.0 172 60.0 414 Cr h Mo Smls Tube SA-213 T 30.0 207 60.0 414 Cr h Mo Smls Pipe SA-335 P 30.0 207 60.0 414 Cr h Mo Smls Pipe SA-369 FP 30.0 207 60.0 414 Cr h Mo Plate SA-387 cl 30.0 207 60.0 414 Cr h Mo Plate SA-387 cl 45.0 310 75.0 517 Cr h Mo Forg SA-336 36.0 248 60.0 414 Cr h Mo Forg SA-336 F Sa 50.0 345 80.0 552 Cr H Mo Forg SA-182 F 40.0 276 70.0 483 Cr h Mo Forg SA-182 F 5a 65.0 448 90.0 620 F 5 Cr h Mo Bolt SA-193 B 80.0 552 100.0 690 Cr h Mo Cast SA-217 C S 60.0 414 90.0 620 (1) As designated by ASME Code (2) Identical with or similar to corresponding ASTM specification (3) For plates over in (12.7 cm), maximum carbon is 0.17 percent 208 Chemical Requirements - percent Mn P S Si 2.65-3.35 Mo 80-1.06 03 max max 03 max 50 max 2.65-3.35 80-1.06 max 50 max 2.65-3.35 80-1.06 max 50 max 2.65-3.35 80-1.06 15 max 30-.60 03 max 15 max 30-.60 03 50 max Cr 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 15 max^ 30-.60 035 max 035 max 50 max 2.75-3.25 90-1.10 15 max^ 30-.60 035 max 035 max 50 max 2.75-3.25 90-1.10 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 max 50 max 2.65-3.25 90-1.10 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 max 50 max 2.65-3.25 90-1.10 15 max 30-.60 04 max 04 max 50 max 2.65-3.35 80-1.06 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 45-.65 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 45-.65 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 45-.65 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 45-.65 15 max 30-.60 04 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 45-.65 15 max 30-.60 04 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 45-.65 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 45-.65 25 max 60 max 04 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 45-.65 15 max 30-.60 03 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 44-.65 25 max 60 max 04 max 03 max 50 max 4.00-6.00 44-.65 10 1.00 max 04 max 03 max 1.00 max 4.00-6.00 40-.65 20 max 40-.70 04 max 045 max 75 max 4.00-6.BO 45-.65 209 Specified minimum strength Norn Product ASME Comp Form Spec No Grade ksi MPa T 5b P 5b 30.0 207 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 T 5c P 5c 30.0 207 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 25.0 172 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 Cr - H Mo-• Si Smls Tube SA-213 Cr - H Mo- Si Smls Pipe SA-335 Cr - h Mo- Ti Smls Tube SA-213 Cr - H Mo-•Ti Smls Pipe SA-335 Cr - h Mo Smls Tube SA-199 Cr - h Mo Smls Tube SA-213 Cr - h Mo Smls Pipe SA-335 Cr - h Mo Smls Pipe SA-369 Cr - h Mo Forg SA-182 Cr - Mo Smls Tube SA-199 Cr - Mo Smls Tube SA-213 Cr - Mo Smls Pipe SA-335 Cr - Mo Smls Pipe SA-369 Cr - Mo Cr - Mo Forg Cast SA-182 SA-217 Yield Strength T T P FP F 7 7 T T P FP F C 9 9 12 210 Tensile Strength ksi Mpa 30.0 207 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 40.0 276 70.0 483 25.0 172 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 30.0 207 60.0 414 55.0 379 85.0 586 60.0 414 90.0 620 Chemical Requirements - percent Mn P S Si Cr MO 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 1.00-2.00 4.00- 6.00 45-.65 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 1.00-2.00 4.00- 6.00 45-.65 12 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50 max 4.00- 6.00 45-.65 12 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50 max 4.00- 6.00 45-.65 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50-1.00 6.00- 8.00 45-.65 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50-1.00 6.00- 8.00 45-.65 44-.65 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50-1.00 6.00- 8.00 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50-1.00 6.00- 8.00 44-.65 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50-1.00 6.00- 8.00 44-.65 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 25-1.00 8.00- 10.00 90-1.10 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 25-1.00 8.00- 10.00 90-1.10 90-1.10 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 25-1.00 8.00- 10.00 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50-1.00 8.00- 10.00 90-1.10 15 max 30- 60 03 max 03 max 50-1.00 8.00- 10.00 90-1.10 20 max 35- 65 04 max 045 max 8.00- 10.00 90-1.20 211 00 max