Tiêu chuẩn tiêu chuẩn iso 05187 1985 scan

I n tern ati on al Standard @ 51 87 ~~ I N TE R N ATI ON AL OR G AN I ZATI ON We l d i n g FOR STAN D AR D I ZATI ON *M EX U YH APOAH AR a n d a l l i ed s o f t sol d ers a n d OPrAH M3Al J MR processes - b raz i n g fi l l e r no C T A H A A P T M A ~ C I M W R G A N l S A T l O NI N TE RN ATI ON ALE DE N ORM ALI SATI ON Assem bl i es m etal s - m a d e wi th M ech an i cal test m et h o d s Soudage et techniques connexes Méthodes d'essai mécanique Fi rst e d i t i o n U DC - - Assemblages exécutés avec des produits d'apport de brasage tendre et de brasage fort 985-05-01 R ef, 621 791 052 : 620 72 Descriptors : - we l d i n g , brazi n g - an d sol d eri n g , brazed- an d sol d ered j o i n ts , tests, m e ch an i cal tests, shear tests, N o I S 51 87-1 985 ( E ) ten si on tests, te s t e q u i p m e n t Pri ce based o n 1 p ag e s Foreword I S ( t h e I n te rn ati o n al O rg an i z ati o n f o r S tan d ard i z ati o n ) i s a wo rl d wi d e n ati o n al s tan d ard s bo d i e s ( I S m em ber b o d i e s ) Th e w o r k o f S tan d ard s i s n o rm al l y carri e d ou t th ro u g h I S te ch n i cal fe d e rati o n of p re p ari n g I n te rn ati o n al co m m i tte e s Each m em ber b o d y i n te re s te d i n a s u b j e ct f o r w h i c h a te ch n i cal co m m i tte e h as been e s tabl i s h e d h as th e ri g h t to m e n tal an d D raft be re pre s e n te d o n n o n - g o ve rn m e n tal , th at in co m m i tte e l i s o n w i t h I n te rn ati o n al S tan d ard s ad o p te d b y th e I n te rn ati o n al o rg an i z ati o n s , EO, g o ve rn - al so take p art i n th e wo rk te ch n i cal co m m i tte e s are ci rcu l ate d t o t h e m em ber bo d i e s f o r ap p ro val b e fo re th e i r acce ptan ce as I n te rn ati o n al S tan d ard s b y th e I S C o u n ci l l east 75 % Th e y are appro ve d I n te rn at i o n al S tan d ard I S 51 87 Welding and allied processes I t can cel s an d i n acco rd an ce w i t h was pre pare d by in Te ch n i cal repl aces I S 3683-1 978 th e s co pe o f I n te rn ati o n al Org an i z ati o n f o r S tan d ard i z ati o n , Printed I S pro ce d u re s re q u i ri n g a t ap p ro val b y th e m e m be r b o d i e s vo ti n g Switzerland wh i ch 1985 O C o m m i t te e was I S O /TC 44, m o re l i m i te d We l d i n g a n d al l i ed s o f t sol d ers a n d processes b zi n g fi l l e r - As s e m b l i e s m a d e w i t h m etal s - M ech an i cal test m et h o d s O - I n t ro d u c t i o n b) A j o i n t i s n o t a h o m o g e n e o u s b o d y b u t a h e te ro g e n o u s assemb l y fo rm e d fro m d i ffe re n t m ate ri al s h avi n g d i ffe re n t an d ch e m i cal p ro p e rti e s I n t h e s i m p l e s t case, m e tal an d th e base m e tal co n tact s u rface s g i vi n g al l oys d i ffe re n t j oi n i n g fro m on e m ate ri al an d t h e p h ys i cal - d i ffe re n t fro m both h ypo th e s e s o f o f s u ch t h e th e o ry h e te ro g e n e o u s j o i n ts , of e l as ti ci ty n o ti o n of a t am b i e n t - t h e cre e p s tre n g th , co l d , a t am b i e n t te m p e ratu re o r are "j oi ni n g no a m ate ri al s tre n g th " b raz i n g fi l l e r m etal , fl u x an d base m e tal S o t h a t t h e te s ts are tan t t o an d re p ro d u ci b l e an d com parabl e, i t i s i m p o r- u se te n s i l e an d sh ear s pe ci m e n s o f a we l l - d e fi n e d t y p e h ave re co u rs e t o a preci se o p e rati n g m e th o d Th i s I n te r- n ati o n al S tan d ard m e e ts th i s o b j e cti ve l o n g e r appl i cabl e l i m i te d s t ri c t l y t o m e tal s o l i d i fi e d afte r m e l ti n g g i ve n th e val i d f o r - u n i f o r m l y f r o m an e l e m e n t o f s u rface o r vo l u m e t o n e i g h b o u ri n g e l e m e n ts - th e col d , h o t, h ot; th e h o m o g e n e o u s m e t al l i c b o d y o r stresses d u e t o e x te rn al fo rce s H ence, i n s tan tan e o u s sh ear s tre n g t h , base m e tal I n t h e s t u d y o f th e s tre n g th tran s m i tte d a t e l e vate d te m pe ratu re s ; a t th e fo r a s i m p l i fi e d th e te m p e rat u re o r i n t h e i n te rface , a seri es o f n e w an o th e r an d cre e p s t re n g th f o r s o f t sol der i t co n s i s ts o f fi l l e r D i f f u s i o n ph e n o m e n a o ccu r ri se t o , th e n eed s t o Con versel y, be th e S c o p e a n d fi el d of ap p l i c a ti o n s tre n g th o f an assem bl y i s a f u n c t i o n o f th e i n tri n s i c s tre n g th o f t h e fi l l e r m e tal an d a series o f e xte rn al facto rs I t fo l l o ws th at te s t s d e s i g n e d t o d e te rm i n e th i s s tre n g th n e e d t o be carri e d o u t acco rd i n g t o pre ci s e co n ven ti o n s , o f e x te rn al facto rs , - - of i n ad d i - m e ch an i cal ch aracte ri s ti cs o f s o l d e rs an d b raz i n g fi l l e r base m e tal ; Th i s sh ape o f t h e s pe ci m e n ; - - g e o m e try an d s tate o f fl u x braz i n g o r s o l d e ri n g te ch n i q u e u s e d ( h e at sou rce, h e ati n g rate, - ti m e at j oi n i n g - joi n t cl earan ce; - m e th o d u sed t o assem bl i es m e tal s : p ro d u ce d S tan d ard is appl i cabl e to j oi ni n g e tc ) ; 2.1 C o n ve n ti o n al d e te rm i n ati o n assem bl y o f t w o f i t t e d i n te rp re t th e n atu re an d si ze o f fau l ts n ati o n al S t an d ard s tre n g th al l o ws of th e m ate ri al s Types of assem bl i es cl e aran ce so u n d e rs tan d t h e so ft m eth o d s th at th e s h e ar s t r e n g t h of th e co n ve n ti o n al sh ear s tre n g th , pi eces i s u sed w i t h braz e d j o i n t i s s u bj e ct t o a sh ear s tre s s re s u l ts ; a t th e fractu re a an pre d e te rm i n e d j o i n t a te n s i l e fo rce i s ap p l i e d t o th e speci m en s u rface T w o s pe ci m e n s are p ro p o s e d (see fi g u re s an d 21, To wi th i t al s o s pe ci fi e s a- m e t h o d o f n o n - fe rro u s m e tal s an d al l o ys Tes t wh e n - th e re s u l ts o b tai n e d I n te rn ati o n al For t h e n u m be r o f te s ts ; an d j oi n - te m pe ratu re ; - p ri n ci p l e s th e s u rface o f th e j o i n t ; u sed; i n g te m pe ratu re , th e an d th e i r fl u x e s w h i c h are u s e d f o r s o l d e ri n g an d b raz i n g o f fe rro u s an d - d e fi n e s a seri es i n te rp re ti n g t h e an d s tre n g th S tan d ard th e te s ts d e s i g n e d t o d e te rm i n e th e co n ve n t i o n al i n t o acco u n t, n o tab l y: co m p o s i ti o n I n te rn ati o n al te ch n i q u e o f m ate ri al i ts e l f, taki n g t i o n t o t h e ch aracte ri s t i cs o f t h e j o i n i n g Th i s j oi n ed assem bl y, d e te rm i n ati o n of th i s th e I n te r- fo l l o wi n g th e o p e rat o r h avi n g a ch o i ce b e t we e n th e two Th e typ e o f speci m en ch o s e n s h al l be n o t e d i n t h e te s t re p o rt ch aracte ri s ti cs : a) fo r - b raz i n g fi l l e r t h e i n s tan tan e o u s te n s i l e s tre n g th , te m p e rat u re o r col d , a t am b i e n t For t h e d e te rm i n ati o n th e i n s tan tan e o u s sh ear s tre n g th , te m p e ratu re o r h o t, of th e assem bl y m ad e e n d - to - e n d h o t, j oi n t - C o n ve n t i o n al te n si l e stre n g th m e tal co l d , co n ve n ti o n al te n s i l e s tre n g th , on two bars w i t h an a p re d e te rm i n e d cl e aran ce a t t h e e xtre m i ti e s i s u sed a t am b i e n t Fi g u re g i ve s th e d i m en si on s of th e te n s i l e speci m en IS0 5187-1985 (E) 2.2 Choice of base metal and joint clearance Oth er jigging h e ati n g I n ord er t o o b t a i n fra c t u re a t t h e j o i n t , ch osen , as far as po ssi bl e, brazed assem bl y i s so th at l o we r t h a n el asti c l i m i t o f t h e base m e tal In d ata th e t h e base m e tal sh al l if is fo r a paren t m e tal f o r t h e speci m en s sh al l co m po n e n ts i n th e case be i n g test th e t h e sel ected h e ati n g m e th o d ( t o rc h , i n d u cti o n , s pe ci fi c appl i cati o n , th e be t h e m e tal u sed f o r t h e Si m i l arl y, is not h eated to rch d i s tan ce o f u n i fo rm l y h eati n g , en su re t h a t t h e 2.3 Preparation of the surfaces cycl e cycl e be i n g been an d to ag e n t s u i te d th e e tc A sh ou l d t h e speci m en s sh al l c o n d i t i o n co rre s po n d i n g pm if If (for essen ti al to be s u ch t h a t t h e m e l t i n g te m pe ratu re p ro l o n g e d Wi th reach ed th e s fo r afte r re q u i re m e n ts o f th e 60 s, e xce pti o n t h e speci m en s n eed t o of t h e h e ati n g te m pe ratu re parti cu l ar h as s pe ci fi ca- be m n tai n e d a t t h e braz i n g t o 30 a pe ri o d o f th i s s base t h e o pe rati n g c o n d i t i o n s sh al l b e e n te re d i n t h e t e s t re po rt be u sed N OTE 3,2 is it e tc ) l e n g th i s reach ed o ver a m ate ri al i s reach ed i n 40 t o process Al l Si m i l arl y, h e ati n g ) , te m pe ratu re t h e su rfaces t o be brazed n eed t o pai n t, fu rn ace, co m p l e te m m e i th e r si d e o f t h e j o i n t te m pe ratu re f o r cl e an i n g i n d u cti o n u n i fo rm j o i n i n g th e j o i n i n g ti o n s , a th e I f h e ati n g i s carri ed o u t b y t o r c h o r i n d u c t i o n , t h e s pe ci m e n of m etal sh al l o ver Su g g esti o n h e ati n g oi l , ch o s e n th e j oi n t cl earan ce sh al l be i n d i cate d i n t h e g rease, th e te m pe ratu re b y m ean s of Th e assem bl y i s rai sed t o t h e j o i n i n g to si d ered be cl ean an d cl ear o f oxi d es, su i t co rre s po n d i n g re po rt B efore t h e braz i n g o pe rati o n , to be cl earan ce i n t h e speci m en s sh al l be t h a t u sed i n t h e appl i cati o n Th e base m e tal an d t h e j o i n t u sed th e it re q u i re d be of fractu re exam pl e, practi ce, can l o ad th e l oad arran g e m e n ts m e th o d th e y be twe e n ,6 are or be t h a t co ppe r Ra, al l oys i f t h e y are i n I.im I f t h e te s ts are d esi g n ed f o r d i t i o n sh al l a t t h e j o i n ts , t o a rou g h n ess, co pper an d 6,3 possess, be twe e n an d a ,6 an d ro u g h n e s s n o n - al l o ye d steel a parti cu l ar case, co rre s po n d i n g a s u rface t h e s u rface co n - t o t h e case u n d er si d er- If - the specimens have t o be made i n order to obtai n fu n - damental i nform ation , the heating condi tion s are l e f t t o the i n i ti ati ve of the t e s t control l er 2.6 Nu mber of specimens 2.6.1 Fi ve speci m en s are n ecessary a t am bi e n t te m pe ratu re or to d e te rm i n e t h e s t re n g t h co l d ati o n Th e cl e an i n g p r o d u c t an d d i ti o n at th e j o i n ts sh al l as pro cess as we l l be i n d i cate d 2.6.2 t h e s u rface i n t h e te st co n - Fi ve t o ti cal po s i ti o n , (wi re, fi ci e n t an d t h e j o i n i n g po wd e r, etc ) , i n an i s pl ace d a t on e si d e o f q u an ti ty t o f i l l th e j o i n t I f i t i s n ecessary t o u se a fl u x, afte r appro pri ate f o r m t h e j o i n t, b e u sed ; m an u factu re r’ s c o rd i n g to ch aracte ri s ti cs of th e fl u x pro pe rti e s o f 1, th e j o i n t an d wi l l be in s u ch a way t h a t th e s t re n g t h n o t be i n fl u e n ce d 2.8 Execution of shear and traction tests t h e u se o f t h e f l u x i n s t ru c t i o n s sh al l of t h e ten si l e an d sh ear speci m en s are m ach i n e d ac- fi g u re s A l l tes ts are carri ed o u t i n j i g s o n a m ach i n e possessi n g ( pre fe rabl y) ad j u stabl e cl am ps d e tai l e d in o rd e r to a vo i d parasi ti c be n d i n g stresses i n t h e speci m en s Th e sh ear te s ts o n t h e speci m en s s h o w n i n fi g u re s Th e p l o t a cu rve i n s u f- m e l ti n g a te s te d f l u x s u i tabl e f o r t h e fi l l e r m ateri al an d t h e base m e t a l sh al l sh al l c o n f o r m t o t h e are assem bl ed i n a ver- m ateri al , are n ecessary t o Specimen machining Aft e r j oi n i n g , t h e speci m en speci m en s re po rt 2.4 Application of joining materiel and flux Th e co m p o n e n t parts o f ten s t re n g t h a t h i g h te m pe ratu re o r u n d e r creep in th e te s t ti n g arran g em en ts s h o w n an d are carri ed o u t w i t h t h e m o u n i n fi g u re s an d re po rt Th e j o i n t s t re n g t h expressed i n m eg apascal s ( M P a ) i s o btai n e d 2.5 Heating conditions A b y d i vi d i n g t h e f c t u re l o ad expressed i n n e wto n s b y t h e su rface s u p p o rt d esi g n ed to h ol d p o s i t i o n i n d i cate d i n fi g u re s 1, th e speci m en an d 3, can be u sed avoi d an y l o ad o n t h e j o i n t d u ri n g co o l i n g , o b s t ru c t th e c o n t c t i o n an d verti cal l y, in th e I n o rd er t o re po rt t h i s s u ppo rt sh al l n o t e xpan s i o n of th e speci m en Fo r th e ratu re, th e i n s tan tan e o u s am bi e n t te m pe ratu re assem bl y In case of h e ati n g paratu s s h o w n i n f i g u re wi th an oxy- acetyl en e can b e u sed fl am e, th e ap- Th i s co n s i s ts o f a base te s t i m posi n g m ach i n e m i cro m e tre s pl ate ( ) o n w h i c h i s m o u n te d a speci m en s u p p o rt (21 , a cl am p- pressed i n ing wi th s ys te m (3) an d a p i vo ti n g s u p p o rt s h o wn s ch e m ati cal l y a t referen ce p o i n t ) I f fau l ts have appe are d i n the f c t u r e d expressed i n sq u are m i l l i m e tre s area o f t h e brazed j o i n t ’ ) Th e resu l ts o f t h e f c t u re e xam i n ati o n sh al l be n o t e d i n t h e t e s t ( 4) fo r (5) s u rf a ce , th e b l o w- p i p e th e of sh ear th e l o ad re g u l ate d per s e co n d n e wto n s an d 18 ( b e twe e n n eed s t o [ t e of ( p m /s ) per s e co n d ch aracte ri s ti cs of ten si l e an d th e te s ts OC) at col d, at o r a t h o t tem pe - b e carri ed o u t wi th th e d i s pl ace m e n t expressed or of re g u l a t i o n ( N / s ) l so fi l l e r as t o m e tal fo rc e b e co m pati bl e s u b m i tte d te s ts the surface shall be an al y s e d an d the p re s e n c e o f fau l ts indicated i n the t e s t in ex- re p o rt to th e 7-05 0038836 48 IS0 51 87-1 985 T h e i n s tan t an e o u s h o t sh ear o r- te n s i l e s pe ci m e n s s h al l be p u t Th ese u n d e r l o ad o n s tan d ard a te n s i l e m ach i n e e q u i ppe d w i t h s pe ci m e n te m p e ratu re s h al l a fu rn ace be s tab i l i z e d f o r h Th e b e fo re i m p o - co n d i t i o n s s h al l d e vi ati o n m ate ri al d u ri n g be re s pe cte d wh ate ve r ch aracte ri z i n g t h e th e be h avi o u r o f (E) u n kn o w n th e j o i n i n g t h e te s t s i n g t h e l o ad an d fu rn ace t e m p e ratu re re g u l ati o n s h al l be w i t h i n +I Each j o i n i n g % co n ce rn i n g For cre e p te s t speci m en s, a cre e p l frac tu re m ach i n e u sed Th e te m p e rat u re s h al l be s tabi l i z e d f o r s h al l be th e Y- ks o f j u d g m e n t s u rface n eed s t o b e e xam i n e d an d th e e xam i n ati o n s h al l be n o te d i n th e te s t th e re s u l ts o f re p o rt n fo r k Expressi on of resu l ts I n terpretati o n of ten si l e To faci l i tate th e of i n te rp re tati o n th e te s t Th i s th e i n s tan tan e o u s sh ear i t i s po s s i bl e t o b y cal cu l ati n g t h e te s t th e s e h ave m ean an d s t an d ard d e vi ati o n Th e B - 0,lO = P fo r 10 = 0,68 = %, o n e fi n d s by o bei n g th e i? co n d i ti o n s , Y - 0, 68s u se a s tati s ti cal co n d i ti o n te s ts s ati s fi e s = U n d er i n s t a n t a n e o u s sh ear a n d ap p l i cati o n of e x i s ti n g vari abl e s am p l i n g tabl e s t h a t : sh ou l d tests a t a m b i e n t tem peratu re re s u l ts a t am b i e n t te m pe ratu re , a I f on e fi xe s t h e ri sk re fe rri n g t o Th e fractu re t h e fi x e d xi n Mo > % I f cre e p i s carri e d o u t a t am tj i e n t te m pe ratu re , th e l atte r re q u i re m e n t i s a q u e s ti o n of i f t h e m ean X o f th e re s u l ts co n d i ti o n : h b e fo re i m po s - i n g t h e l o ad an d fu rn ace t e m p e ratu re re g u l ati o n s h al l be w i t h i n f m ate ri al i s co n s i d e re d t o f u l f i l M,,, of fi ve te s ts , on e Mo > k cal cu l ati o n ap p ro x i m at i o n , m ean an d th e n fact th at re s u l ts f o l l o w a n o rm al l aw is bas e d on th e Th e in a fi rs t u n ce rtai n vari abl e re s u l ts m ean, an d s tan d ard s, d e vi ati o n , are d e te rm i n e d as fo l l o ws : - x= - c fo l l o ws Xi n S tu d e n t' s S tu d e n t' s l aw S i n ce t h e re s u l ts are f o r a g i ve n j o i n i n g can b e f i x e d t o t e n d t o a m i n i m u m m ate ri al , t h e m ean val u e Mo Th e kJn) kJn) > > a = j? = th e rati o s e n vi s ag e d ri s k seems b e twe e n th e vari ab i l i t y due vari ab i l i ty d u e t o t h e j o i n i n g to th e te s t fi x a 10 or %) , a d e ce n tre d an d an d n ce n tre d ) d e ce n tre d ) re as o n abl e f o r i s far f r o m k co n d i ti o n s : t h e fi xe d te s t co n d i - f r o m an n eg l i g i bl e H o t i n sta n tan eo u s sh ear t e s t Th e n o t kn o wn ; to Mo) = m ate ri al i ts e l f hot cu rve - 0,lO 0,lO ( t is be e xpl n e d as f o l l o w s : m e t h o d an d th e are = = P ti o n s becau se i t i m p l i e s a s m al l n u m be r o f te s ts wh i ch , e co n o m i c vi e wp o i n t, p ro ce d u re can - m ean ( wh e n val u es are d e te rm i n e d b y t h e t w o Pr ( t Pr ( t Th i s th e (i f 1,281 fi l aw o f ran g e of "m i n i m u m several p re l i m i n ary te s ts f o r to l e ran ce s " al l th e type s o f d e m an d s i n s tan tan e o u s sh ear te s ts fo r fractu re te m pe ratu re , stress, in p e rm i t th e m eg apascal s, pl o tti n g as a of th e fu n cti o n of i n d eg rees Cel si u s e xi s ti n g j o i n i n g Fi g u re m ate ri al s : s h o ws an e xam pl e of a cu rve o b tai n e d fro m th re e te m p e rat u re te s ts - t h e n u m be r o f te s ts re q u i re d t o e val u ate th e " m i n i m u m to l e ran ce s " is e val u ati o n o f g e n eral l y h i g h er th an th at fi x e s as a th e 3 U n d e r th e s e co n d i t i o n s an d co n s i d e ri n g th e on e re q u i re d f o r m ean s ru l e cl as s i fi cati o n wh e n to acce p t a j oi n i n g re s u l ts o f m ate ri al i t i s ch aracte ri z e d b y a of n a C reep sh ear t ests tests, W i t h o n e o r several te m pe ratu re s , t h e o b j e cti ve o f th e s e t e s ts i s g i ve n to m i n i m u m m e an pl o t on e Mo Fractu re s u ch t h a t : or several cu rve s : stress, in m eg apascal s = f (ti m e to fractu re , in h o u rs ) - th e p ro b ab i l i t y o f acce p ti n g a j o i n i n g m ate ri al f o r w h i c h t h e m ean s tre n g th i s l ess t h a n n u m be r of j? ( cu s to m e r' s a j oi n i n g (1 - i s a t m o s t e q u al t o a s m al l a) , a Mo i s acce pte d Th e stresses n eed t o be ch o s e n i n s u ch a w a y as t o o b tai n fractu re m ate ri al g i vi n g a l arg e th e o re ti cal p r o p o r t i o n re s u l ts h i g h e r t h a n cases Mo ri s k) P ti m e s po s s i bl e IO6 0,l research an d IO3 stresses h For s pe ci al cases, g i vi n g fractu re ti m es it wi l l of IO5 be or h i n a l arg e n u m be r o f b e i n g t h e m an u factu re r' s ri s k b e twe e n to Fi g u re g i ve s a m e t h o d f o r p re s e n ti n g th e re s u l ts I S 51 87-1 985 ( E ) Dimensions in millimetres, surface roughness values in micrometres Filler metal ri + T 4- c @IO h8 110 Te s t p i e c e b e fo re b raz i n g Te s t p i e c e d etai l s Fi g u re - Type I Te s t p i e c e a f t e r m a c h i n i n g sh earing test piece dimensions q 0 38 8 5387-85 r Dimensions in millimetres, surface roughness values in m i crometres X Accord i n g to g ap G as ou tl et Te s t p i e c e d e t a i l s Fi g u re r ' - Te s t p i e c e b e f o r e b z i n g Filler m etal o r s o l d eri n g Te s t p i e c e a f t e r m a c h i n i n g Type I I sh eari n g test pi ece d i m en si on s / , 7- LI t1 0038839 SZ I ci o Q - P U W c” m r h L I l I -t E ü Q O o - n c, u) al c, al - C u) c” I I C - > E O E J E n - I t I I I / a ci K E i / ô o al - c; 4- W d - ln o5 P m" n N P o, al E m - U P P m C - al n Ef ci v) c" I w ';;; L' , / - a m n, \ r D i m en si on s i n m i l l i m e tre s 316, t I I I i I I i ! ! ! j I M ~ Ø25, ml Ø 10 M 30 H Figure I - Fixture for tensile loading, Type I test pieces ,/ - 51 87-85 4853q03 0038822 r I S 51 87-1 985 (E) Dimensions in millimetres, surface roughness value i n micrometres Knurled part * Fi g u re - Fi xtu re for ten si l e loadi ng , Type I I test pi eces 5LA?-A5 m1 0 8 I- I S 51 87-1 985 ( E ) 400 300 00 & m + I O0 \ 50 40 b' 20 10 O 50 00 50 200 e,o Soldering Brazing Fi g u re 10 - Typi cal c 50 300 350 i nstantaneou s h ot sheari ng stren g th cu rves 400 51 87-85 I S 51 87-1 985 ( E ) Time Soldering: at 20 and 2M) Brazing: at 500 O C O C Fi g u re - Typi cal creep sh ear stren g th cu rves