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Title page
Copyright page
Contents
FOREWORD
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ILLUSTRATIONS: CREDITS AND PERMISSIONS
CONTRIBUTORS
AN INTRODUCTORY GLOSSARY
PART ONE CARROT AND CITY: THE CONCEPT OF CPULs
1 NEW SPACE FOR OLD SPACE: AN URBAN VISION
CONTINUOUS PRODUCTIVE URBAN LANDSCAPES: LONDON IN 2045
ECOLOGICAL INTENSIFICATION
LONDON IN 2045: POSTSCRIPT
2 MORE SPACE WITH LESS SPACE: AN URBAN DESIGN STRATEGY
WHAT ARE CPULs?
WHY CPULs?
WHERE WILL CPULs BE?
PART TWO PLANNING FOR CPULs: URBAN AGRICULTURE
3 MORE FOOD WITH LESS SPACE: WHY BOTHER?
FOOD AND URBAN DESIGN
WHY URBAN FOOD?
THE ENVIRONMENTAL CASE FOR URBAN AGRICULTURE
ORGANIC URBAN AGRICULTURE
Seasonal consumption
Local growing and trading of crops
4 URBAN AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT
TAKING STOCK
ENERGY AND LAND-USE
NUTRIENT FLOWS
RELEARNING URBAN AGRICULTURE
CITIES AS SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS
5 FOOD MILES
INTRODUCTION
THE FOOD MILES FOOD CHAIN
IMPLICATIONS OF THE FOOD MILES CHAIN
FORCES BEHIND THE FOOD MILES
SOLUTIONS
6 SANDWELL: A RICH COUNTRY AND FOOD FOR THE POOR
7 PLAN IT: AN INCLUSIVE APPROACH TO ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE PLANNING
8 NEW CITIES WITH MORE LIFE: BENEFITS AND OBSTACLES
SOCIO-CULTURAL BENEFITS
ECONOMIC BENEFITS
HEALTH BENEFITS
OBSTACLES TO URBAN AGRICULTURE
9 THE ECONOMICS OF URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE
INTRODUCTION
MICRO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS
MOTIVES FOR UPA
SUPPLY
MARKET ENTRY, DEMAND, AND PRICES
MACRO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS
POLICY CONCLUSIONS
10 CHANGING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR: THE ROLE OF FARMERS’ MARKETS
11 THE SOCIAL ROLE OF COMMUNITY FARMS AND GARDENS IN THE CITY
WHAT IS A COMMUNITY GARDEN OR A CITY FARM?
THE BENEFITS OF A COMMUNITY GARDEN OR CITY FARM PROJECT
POLICY ON FOOD PRODUCTION AND SUSTAINABILITY
ENCOURAGING AN EXISTING OR NEW PROJECT
A VISION FOR THE FUTURE
THE FEDERATION OF CITY FARMS AND COMMUNITY GARDENS
NOTE
12 RECYCLING SYSTEMS AT THE URBAN SCALE
PART THREE PLANNING FOR CPULS: OPEN URBAN SPACE
13 FOOD IN TIME: THE HISTORY OF ENGLISH OPEN URBAN SPACE AS A EUROPEAN EXAMPLE
WHERE WE LIVE IS WHERE WE GROW
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND SUBURBAN UTOPIAS: THE DIVORCE OF CITIES AND FOOD PRODUCTION
URBAN FOOD AND CONFLICT
URBAN REBUILDING AND URBAN FOOD DECLINE
REVIVAL AND DIVERSIFICATION OF URBAN FOOD GROWING
URBAN AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABILITY
14 FOOD IN SPACE: CPULs AMONGST CONTEMPORARY OPEN URBAN SPACE
CPULs FOR EUROPEAN CITIES
THE OPEN URBAN SPACE ATLAS
15 DESIGNS ON THE PLOT: THE FUTURE FOR ALLOTMENTS IN URBAN LANDSCAPES
ALLOTMENTS AS (OPEN) GREEN SPACE
ALLOTMENTS AS URBAN LANDSCAPE
ALLOTMENTS AS NEGOTIATED COMMUNITIES
THE PLOT FOR DESIGNERS
PART FOUR PLANNING FOR CPULS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
16 URBAN AGRICULTURE IN HAVANA: OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE FUTURE
THE CHALLENGE
PEOPLE’S AND GOVERNMENT’S RESPONSE
RURAL AGRICULTURE AND URBAN HORTICULTURE IN CUBA
URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE IN HAVANA
HAVANA: ANTECEDENTS AND CURRENT DEVELOPMENT
THE EXPERIENCE OF THE 1990s
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
17 CUBA: LABORATORY FOR URBAN AGRICULTURE
THE SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CUBAN URBAN AGRICULTURE
URBAN AGRICULTURE AT THE CITY SCALE
THE URBAN AGRICULTURE SITE
INFRASTRUCTURE AND URBAN AGRICULTURE
URBAN AGRICULTURE IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS
ORGANIC URBAN AGRICULTURE
18 URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE IN EAST AND SOUTHERN AFRICA: ECONOMIC, PLANNING AND SOCIAL DIMENSIONS
RESEARCH PATTERNS SINCE THE 1970s: REGIONAL AND SUBJECT FOCUS
SUMMARY OF THE CONTEXT OF URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE IN AFRICA IN CRITICAL RESEARCH AREAS
ACTORS AND INSTITUTIONS
CONCLUSION
19 MOULSECOOMB: DISCOVERING A MICRO-PUL
20 ALLOTMENTS, PLOTS AND CROPS IN BRITAIN
THE ORGANISATION OF ALLOTMENTS
PRACTICAL PRODUCTION ISSUES
THE ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF UPA
CONCLUSIONS
21 URBAN FOOD GROWING: NEW LANDSCAPES, NEW THINKING
FOOD GROWING IN URBAN AREAS
THE LANDSCAPE CHARACTER OF URBAN FOOD GROWING PROJECTS
CONCLUSION
22 PERMACULTURE AND PRODUCTIVE URBAN LANDSCAPES
PERMACULTURE
23 UTILITARIAN DREAMS: EXAMPLES FROM OTHER COUNTRIES
DELFT, THE NETHERLANDS
KATHMANDU VALLEY, NEPAL
GABORONE, BOTSWANA
ANOTHER MODEL
PART FIVE CARROT AND CITY: PRACTICAL VISIONING
24 NEW SPACE FOR OLD CITIES: VISION FOR LANDSCAPE
SIZE
SENSE OF OPENNESS
LOCAL INTERACTIONS
URBAN NATURE
PERSISTENT VISUAL STIMULATION
25 MORE CITY WITH LESS SPACE: VISION FOR LIFESTYLE
VARIETY OF OCCUPATION AND OCCUPANTS
ECONOMIC RETURN FROM LAND-USE
INNER-CITY MOVEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL DELIGHT
26 MORE OR LESS: FOOD FOR THOUGHT
CPUL CONTACTS
INDEX
Color Plates
Nội dung
[...]... by Jan Hiensch for the UrbanAgriculture Magazine UrbanAgriculture Magazine Number 4, July 2001 Based on the original illustrations by D Boyd, IIUE Fig 23.2 by Jan Hiensch for the UrbanAgriculture Magazine UrbanAgriculture Magazine Number 4, July 2001 Based on the original illustrations by I Boyd and K Weise, PAHAR Fig 23.3 by Jan Hiensch for the UrbanAgriculture Magazine UrbanAgriculture Magazine... regional -urban landscape concept Cpul-ch02.qxd 02/01/2005 6:27 PM Page 10 2 MORE SPACE WITH LESS SPACE: AN URBAN DESIGN STRATEGY Katrin Bohn and André Viljoen Cpul-ch02.qxd 02/01/2005 6:27 PM Page 11 MORE SPACE WITH LESS SPACE: AN URBAN DESIGN STRATEGY WHAT ARE CPULs? Overlaying the sustainable concept of ProductiveUrbanLandscapes with the spatial concept of ContinuousLandscapes proposes a new urban. .. contemporary cities towards an unprecedented naturalism ContinuousProductiveUrbanLandscapes (CPULs) will be open landscapesproductive in economical and sociological and environmental terms They will be placed within an urban- scale landscape concept offering the host city a variety of lifestyle advantages and few, if any, unsustainable drawbacks CPULs will be city-traversing open spaces running continuously... yield market gardens for fruit and vegetable growing found on the ground, on roofs, facades fences and boundaries if economic conditions are difficult, likely to include small animals developing to include aquaculture (fish production) Peri -urban agriculture is q q q agriculture occurring on the urban- rural fringe, or within peripheral low-density suburban areas similar to urban agriculture, although... for leisure and recreational activities, access routes, urban green lungs, etc But most uniquely, they will be productive by providing open space forurban agriculture, for the inner -urban and peri -urban growing of food The urban land itself, as well as the activity happening on it, will become productive: occupants will act and produce on the ground and with the ground Vegetation will appear ever new... action plan WHO Europe xxii Cpul-ch01.qxd 02/01/2005 7:19 AM Page 1 PART ONE CARROT AND CITY: THE CONCEPT OF CPULs Cpul-ch01.qxd 02/01/2005 7:19 AM Page 2 Cpul-ch01.qxd 02/01/2005 7:19 AM Page 3 1 NEW SPACE FOR OLD SPACE: AN URBAN VISION Katrin Bohn and André Viljoen Cpul-ch01.qxd 02/01/2005 7:19 AM Page 4 CARROT AND CITY: THE CONCEPT OF CPULs ContinuousProductiveUrbanLandscapes (CPULs) started to... CONCEPTS ContinuousProductiveUrbanLandscapes (CPULs, pronounced See Pulls) are q q q q q q q the theme of this book, and do not yet exist in cities a coherently planned and designed combination of Continuous Landscape and ProductiveUrban Landscape open urban landscape productive in economical and socio-cultural and environmental terms placed within an urban- scale landscape strategy constructed... landscape running through the whole city Productiveurban landscape is q open urban space planted and managed in such a way as to be environmentally and economically productive, for example, providing food from urban agriculture, pollution absorption, the cooling effect of trees or increased biodiversity from wildlife corridors Urbanagriculture is q q q q q agriculture which occurs within the city... 2001 Based on the original illustrations by Prof A C Mosha and B Cavric Fig 23.5 by Jan Hiensch for the UrbanAgriculture Magazine UrbanAgriculture Magazine Number 4, July 2001 Based on the original illustrations by M.D Kitilla, and A Mlambo Fig 23.6 by Jan Hiensch for the UrbanAgriculture Magazine UrbanAgriculture Magazine Number 4, July 2001 Based on the original illustrations by P Mishev and A... uses and history of the place WHY CPULs? Depending on their size and location, the spatial types of productiveurbanlandscapes will range from small uni-crop to large multi-crop fields being placed within (and occasionally outside) a CPUL (see Chapter 24) ContinuousProductiveUrbanLandscapes are about urban food growing and local consumption They will include livestock, but consist largely of vegetation . CONTINUOUS PRODUCTIVE URBAN LANDSCAPES Cpul-FM.qxd 02/01/2005 9:07 PM Page i Cpul-FM.qxd 02/01/2005 9:07 PM Page ii CONTINUOUS PRODUCTIVE URBAN LANDSCAPES: DESIGNING URBAN AGRICULTURE FOR SUSTAINABLE. agriculture site 153 Infrastructure and urban agriculture 188 Urban agriculture in residential areas 189 Organic urban agriculture 190 18 Urban and peri -urban agriculture in East and Southern Africa:. aquaculture (fish production). Peri -urban agriculture is ● agriculture occurring on the urban- rural fringe, or within peripheral low-density suburban areas. ● similar to urban agriculture, although the