Preston gps project report

Preston gps project report Project định vị GPS sử dụng vi điều khiển

1 PRESTON UNIVERSITY (KARACHI) CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the following students: Name of students Roll No. 1. SYED MASOOD HUSAIN 23D2-211003 2.SYED NAWAID ALI 3.DANISH WAQAR Of FINAL Year B.TECH Course in ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY have successfully completed their project work on GPS NAVIGATION. (GPS POSITIONING SYSTEM) In the partial fulfillment of requirement as prescribed by the PRESTON UNIVERSITY, in the year 2011-2012. Prof. MATLOOB Department of ELECTRONICS PRESTON UNIVERSITY,(MALIR) INTERNAL EXTERNAL EXAMINER EXAMINER 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Our first experience of project has been successfully, thanks to the support staff of many friends & colleagues with gratitude. We wish to acknowledge all of them. However, we wish to make special mention of the following. First of all we are thankful of our project guide Sir Matloob under whose guideline we were able to complete our project. We are wholeheartedly thankful to him for giving us his value able time & attention & co-operation & assistance in solving technical problems. And thanks to all lab maintenance staff for proving us assistance in various hardware & software problems encountered during course of our project. We are also very thankful to respective principal (NAME) sir who gave us an opportunity to present this project. Participants 3 INDEX SERIAL NO. CHAPTER NAME PAGE NO. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. INTRODUCTION  Introduction to Project  Introduction to GPS  Introduction to Circuit  Introduction to Languages  Programming steps GPS CIRCUIT  DESCRIPTION  CIRCUIT DIAGRAM  C PROGRAM (ON-BOARD)  VISUAL BASIC PROGRAM FEASIBILITY  Time Feasibility  Software Availability  Cost Effective FUTURE DEVELOPMENT  Application Of Project  Future Development Of Project BIBLIOGRAPHY  Data sheets  89C51  LCD  MAX232  HEX INVERTOR  GPS MODULE 5- 19 20- 45 46- 47 48- 49 50- 90 4 5 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 6 INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT NEED OF PROJECT As Pakistan rapidly moving toward evolution of mechanism, So as to meet the basic necessity we needs to travel from one place to another & sometimes to an unknown locations otherwise we get lost. GPS Positioning system is the answer to that. GPS has endless uses in Clock synchronization, Cellular telephony, Disaster relief/emergency services, Geofencing, Vehicle tracking systems, person tracking systems, Geotagging, GPS Aircraft Tracking, Map-making, Navigation, Robotics etc. GPS is a very necessary device in the field of navigation and positioning. 7 INTRODUCTION TO GPS ( GLOBAL POSTIONING SYSTEM) Global Positioning System The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather, anywhere on or near the Earth, where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The GPS program provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. In addition, GPS is the backbone for modernizing the global air traffic system. 8 Basic concept of GPS A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS satellites high above the Earth. Each satellite continually transmits messages that include  the time the message was transmitted  satellite position at time of message transmission The receiver uses the messages it receives to determine the transit time of each message and computes the distance to each satellite. These distances along with the satellites' locations are used with the possible aid of trilateration, depending on which algorithm is used, to compute the position of the receiver. This position is then displayed, perhaps with a moving map display or latitude and longitude; elevation information may be included. Many GPS units show derived information such as direction and speed, calculated from position changes. Three satellites might seem enough to solve for position since space has three dimensions and a position near the Earth's surface can be assumed. However, even a very small clock error multiplied by the very large speed of light. The speed at which satellite signals propagates results in a large positional error. Therefore receivers use four or more satellites to solve for both the receiver's location and time. The very accurately computed time is effectively hidden by most GPS applications, which use only the location. A few specialized GPS applications do however use the time; these include time transfer, traffic signal timing, and synchronization of cell phone base stations. 9 Although four satellites are required for normal operation, fewer apply in special cases. If one variable is already known, a receiver can determine its position using only three satellites. For example, a ship or aircraft may have known elevation. Some GPS receivers may use additional clues or assumptions (such as reusing the last known altitude, dead reckoning, inertial navigation, or including information from the vehicle computer) to give a less accurate (degraded) position when fewer than four satellites are visible. Structure The current GPS consists of three major segments. These are the space segment (SS), a control segment (CS), and a user segment (US). The U.S. Air Force develops, maintains, and operates the space and control segments. GPS satellites broadcast signals from space, and each GPS receiver uses these signals to calculate its three-dimensional location (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and the current time. The space segment is composed of 24 to 32 satellites in medium Earth orbit and also includes the payload adapters to the boosters required to launch them into orbit. The control segment is composed of a master control station, an alternate master control station, and a host of dedicated and shared ground antennas and monitor stations. The user segment is composed of hundreds of thousands of U.S. and allied military users of the secure GPS Precise Positioning Service, and tens of millions of civil, commercial, and scientific users of the Standard Positioning Service 10 Space segment The space segment (SS) is composed of the orbiting GPS satellites. The GPS design originally called for 24 SVs, six orbital planes with four satellites each. The orbits are arranged so that at least six satellites are always within line of sight from almost everywhere on Earth's surface. The result of this objective is that the four satellites are not evenly spaced (90 degrees) apart within each orbit. In general terms, the angular difference between satellites in each orbit is 30, 105, 120, and 105 degrees apart which, of course, sum to 360 degrees. Orbiting at an altitude of approximately 20,200 km (12,600 mi); orbital radius of approximately 26,600 km (16,500 mi) Control segment The control segment is composed of 1. a master control station (MCS), 2. an alternate master control station, 3. four dedicated ground antennas and 4. six dedicated monitor stations [...]... Fix Quantity 0= invalid data, 1= valid data, 2=DGPS fix 8 08 : Number of satellites currently viewed 9 1.0: HDOP 10 442.8,M : Altitude (Height above sea level in meter) 11 -42.5,M : Geoids height 12 , DGPS data 13 0000 : DGPS data 14 *71 : checksum The main objective here is to find the location of the GPS Receiver in terms of latitude and longitude The GPS module gives output data in RS232 logic level... Disaster relief/emergency services GPS Aircraft Tracking Navigation Robotics Vehicle tracking systems, person tracking systems etc 11 Satellite frequencies All satellites broadcast at the same two frequencies, 1.57542 GHz (L1 signal) and 1.2276 GHz (L2 signal) GPS frequency overview is given below: 12 A visual example of the GPS constellation in motion with the Earth rotating: GPS STATELLITES AROUND THE EARTH... altitude, time and satellite lock data on LCD 11 Repeat the steps 3 to 9 to update the GPS module’s positions on LCD WINDOWS PROGRAMING: While the Visual Basic is used to acquire ( save and compile) GPS data from computer’s serial port GPS saved data is formatted in such a way that it can be loaded in GOOGLE EARTH The GPS data is also displayed on computer screen using GUI ( graphical user interface)... 2 GPS CIRCUIT 20 DESCRIPTION OF GPS CIRCUIT: The GPS module continuously transmits serial data (RS232 protocol) in the form of sentences according to NMEA standards The latitude and longitude values of the location are contained in the GPGGA sentence (refer NMEA format) In this program, these values are extracted from the GPGGA sentence and are displayed on LCD The serial data is taken from the GPS. .. scientific use, commerce, surveillance and tracking This project presents a small application based on Global Positioning System It depicts the use of GPS module/receiver to find latitude and longitude of its location The data obtained from GPS receiver (GPGGA sentence) is processed by the microcontroller to extract its latitude and longitude values The GPS Module has been interfaced with AT89C51 and the... language is used to program microcontroller that is 89c51 to display data of GPS on LCD and to transmit data on serial port Display data includes longitude, latitude, time, altitude( from sea level), number of satellites locked The acquisition of GPS data is at 1 Hz, while the baud rate is set at 9600 MICROCONTOLLER PROGRAMMING: GPS provides a lot of geographical information for a particular object like... object like its latitude, longitude, direction of travel, GMT etc This information is assembled in a particular string format which is to be decoded by GPS modems A GPS modem gives the output data in a following string format called as NMEA Format A common GPS sentence ($GPGGA) has been explained below $GPGGA,100156.000,2650.9416,N,07547.8441,E,1,08,1.0,442 8,M,-42.5,M,,0000*71 1 A string always starts... connection, USB, or Bluetooth Applications GPS has become a widely deployed and useful tool for commerce, scientific uses, tracking, and surveillance GPS' s accurate time facilitates everyday activities such as banking, mobile phone operations, and even the control of power grids by allowing well synchronized hand-off switching Civilian applications use one or more of GPS' s three basic components: absolute... lcd_string("."); // decimal point lcd_data(info[c9+4]); lcd_data(info[c9+5]); lcd_string("M"); delay(250); } void lcd _preston( ) //Function to display satellite lock { lcd_shape(); lcd_cmd(0x01); // Clear LCD display lcd_cmd(0x80); //Move cursor to position 2 of line 1 lcd_string( "PRESTON" ); //Showing PRESTON lcd_cmd(0xC6); //Beginning of second line lcd_string("UNIVERSITY"); //Showing UNIVERSITY lcd_shape();... values are displayed on a 16x2 LCD interface CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF GPS POSITIONING CIRCUIT 22 MICROCONTROLLER (8051) PROGRAMING: #include #define port2 P2 sbit rs = P1^0; sbit rw = P1^1; sbit e = P1^2; char info[70]; char test[6]={"$GPGGA"}; char comma_position[15]; unsigned int check=0,i; unsigned char a; void receive_data(); void lcd _preston( ); void lcd_satellite(); void lcd_time(); void lcd_latitude(); . have successfully completed their project work on GPS NAVIGATION. (GPS POSITIONING SYSTEM) In the partial fulfillment of requirement as prescribed by the PRESTON UNIVERSITY, in the year. 5. INTRODUCTION  Introduction to Project  Introduction to GPS  Introduction to Circuit  Introduction to Languages  Programming steps GPS CIRCUIT  DESCRIPTION  CIRCUIT DIAGRAM. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT  Application Of Project  Future Development Of Project BIBLIOGRAPHY  Data sheets  89C51  LCD  MAX232  HEX INVERTOR  GPS MODULE 5- 19 20- 45