THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY ADVANCED EDUCATION PROGRAM TRAN THI MINH HA PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, DIVERSITY INDICES, AND SIMILARITY RELATIONSHIP WITH[.]
THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY ADVANCED EDUCATION PROGRAM TRAN THI MINH HA PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, DIVERSITY INDICES, AND SIMILARITY RELATIONSHIP WITH REFERENCE TO INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER POLLUTION BY USING CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS BACHELOR THESIS JANUARY – 2015 n THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY ADVANCED EDUCATION PROGRAM BACHELOR THESIS PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, DIVERSITY INDICES, AND SIMILARITY RELATIONSHIP WITH REFERENCE TO INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER POLLUTION BY USING CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS Student Name: Student ID: Year: Tran Thi Minh Ha DTN1053110064 2010 – 2015 Supervisors: Dr.-Phil Arinafril Dr Ho Ngoc Son JANUARY - 2015 n TABLE OF CONTENTS I Introduction 1.1 Rationale of the study 1.2 Aims of the study 1.3 Research questions II Literature review 2.1 Introduction to water 2.1.1 The importance of water 2.1.2 Water quality 2.2 Plankton community 2.3 Impact of wastewater in plankton community III Methodology 12 3.1 Collection and sample 14 3.1.1 Place and time 14 3.1.2 Materials and Equipments 14 3.1.3 Plankton samplings 15 3.1.4 Water samplings 15 3.2 Tools and Identification process 15 3.2.1 Tools 15 3.2.2 Identification plankton process 16 3.2.3 Water analysis 16 3.3 Data analysis 19 IV Results and Discussion 20 I n 4.1 Results of water analysis in stations 20 4.2 Biodiversity Indices Measurement 25 4.3 Similarity relationship with reference to industrial wastewater pollution by using Correspondence Analysis 32 4.4 Diversity indices 35 V Conclusions and recommendations 40 5.1 Conclusions 40 5.2 Further research 40 II n ABBREVIATIONS BOD : Biochemical Oxygen Demand COD : Chemical Oxygen Demand DO : Dissolved Oxygen TSS : Total Suspended Solids SNI : Indonesia national standard PDAM : Drinking Water Company Installation III n LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Musi River 12 Graph 1: The distribution of planktons on stations in the first observation 34 Graph 2: The distribution of planktons on stations in the second observation 35 IV n LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Water analysis in soy sauce industry 20 Table 2: Water analysis in Crumb rubber 21 Table 3: Water analysis in Ship dock 22 Table 4: Water analysis in Drinking Water Company Installation 23 Table 5: Water analysis in Cement Company 24 Table 6: Water analysis in Stock pile 25 Table 7: Planktons in Soy Sauce 26 Table 8: Planktons in Crumb Rubber 26 Table : Planktons in Ship Dock 27 Table10: Planktons in PDAM 28 Table 11: Planktons in Cement Company 29 Table 12: Planktons in Stockpile 29 Table 13: Observation 30 Table 14: Observation 31 Table 15: Diversity Indices 37 Table 13: The first observation Table 14: the second observation V n Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program : Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name: Tran Thi Minh Ha Student ID: DTN 1053110064 Thesis Title: PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, DIVERSITY INDICES, AND SIMILARITY RELATIONSHIP WITH REFERENCE TO INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER POLLUTION BY USING CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS Supervisors : Dr.-Phil Arinafril Dr Ho Ngoc Son ABSTRACT Pollution of surface water in any parts of the world becomes one of the most important environmental problems we are facing nowadays Many studies showed that polluted water can deteriorate and degrade water quality and then become limiting factor for the use of water for many purposes Planktons are the main the primary producers which can be easily found in all kinds of water bodies Plankton community is firstly influenced and involved in water pollution As planktons are very sensitive to the chemicals in water, the functions of planktons as the food source for many aquatic animals restrict The present study focused on phytoplankton species composition in Musi River, Palembang, Indonesia, where alongside the river many industries were hosted Two water and plankton samplings were carried out to collect planktons from six selected sites or stations, i.e soy sauce industry, crumb rubber industry, ship dock, regional drinking water company, cement industry and coal stockpile from VI n November 7, 2014 to November 16, 2014.The physicochemical parameters were Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) The study also included Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) The result showed that at every station the population community of planktons varied Several planktons were found at one station, and were not found at the other stations For the first observation the number of plankton species found was 22, but for the second observation was 39 species The most abundant planktons found were Ankistrodesmus acicularis (Monoraphidium aciculare) and Ankistrodesmus angustus with 150 individuals and 83 individuals, respectively, for first observation, and Ankistrodesmus acicularis, Striatella interrupta, Koliella Longiseta with 300, 217 and 166 individuals, respectively, for second observation The study concluded that discharged wastewater from industries contributed significant effect on the plankton community Keywords: Planktons; Water Quality, Wastewater, Physicochemical parameters, Biological parameter Number of pages: 50 pages Date of submission: January 15 , 2015 VII n PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, DIVERSITY INDICES, AND SIMILARITY RELATIONSHIP WITH REFERENCE TO INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER POLLUTION BY USING CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS I Introduction 1.1 Rationale of the study Planktons are composed of phytoplankton and zooplankton which are typically found near the surface in aquatic environments Planktons form the most sensitive components of the ecosystems Phytoplankton plays a vital role in primary production They also play an important role as food for herbivorous animals (Reddy, et al., 2013) Zooplankton plays an essential role in water ecosystems including river The planktonic animals take part in the transformation and circulation of organic matter (Ejsmont-Karabin et al., 2004), regulate the biomass of phytoplankton (Lair, 2005; Kentzer et al., 2010) and provide food for fish, especially for their larval stages and for fish fry (Pourriot et al., 1997) Furthermore, the phytoplankton serves as a producer in the food chain Their productivity depends upon the quality of water Many species of zooplankton are primary consumers and feed on phytoplankton, thus playing an important role in energy and transfer In a water ecosystem, the diversity of phytoplankton can influence the diversity of zooplankton, or vice versa and both can be affected by the environment factors (Chou et al., 2011) Companies which produce goods and directly discharge wastewater to the river are responsible for disturbance and diversity of plankton In fact, water quality is a strong determinate of phytoplankton and zooplankton dynamics, as well as diversity in aquatic system (Nasrollahzadeh et al., 2008; Ramdani et al., 2009) n