Ly Tien Loi THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY LY TIEN LOI EVALUATION OF CURRENT STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN RIVER BASIN, WHICH FLOW THROUGH THAI NGUYEN CITY, THAI N[.]
THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY LY TIEN LOI EVALUATION OF CURRENT STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN RIVER BASIN, WHICH FLOW THROUGH THAI NGUYEN CITY, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE BACHELOR THESIS Study mode : Full time Major : Environmental Science and Management Factualy : Advanced Program Education Batch : 2015 – 2019 Thai Nguyen, 09/2019 DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name Lý Tiến Lợi Student ID DTN1554290016 Evaluation of current status of environmental quality in Thesis Title river basin, which flow through Thai Nguyen city, Thai Nguyen province Supervisor (s) Dr Nguyen Thanh Hai Supervisor’s Signature Abstract: Our water environment is increasingly seriously polluted, so the evaluation and monitoring of river water quality are of great concern This study aims to assess the quality of water in Cau River through Thai Nguyen city on the basis of applying GIS technology in building database to build pollution map of Cau river water flow through Thai Nguyen city Using the internal query function IDW failure (Inverse Distance Weight), location and level of water pollution in the mapping area Results of the study through chemical groups (pH, COD, ) physical group TSS microbiological group The results show that the water quality of Cau river flows in the city is polluted and from the results We can make assessments and identify the sources of pollution, thereby offering appropriate solutions to solve existing problems in the river basin and bridge section running through Thai Nguyen City Keywords Number of pages water pollution control, GIS application 52 Date of submission 8/9/2019 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Graduation practice is the last and extremely important step of every student in the learning process Thereby helping students conditionally consolidate the knowledge learned in the school and practical applications, while improving the professional qualifications derived from their own aspirations and the assignment of the office Advanced Program of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Through this I would like to thank my relatives and family for supporting me and helping me during my graduation thesis Through this, I would like to express my deep gratitude to the teachers during the learning process, especially Mr Nguyen Thanh Hai who directly guided me to complete the course At the same time, I would like to express my thanks to Mr Nguyen Van Hieu and Mr Mui Minh Tung of the Center for Geoinformatics Application Research, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry for their support throughout the process graduation thesis I would like to thank my relatives and family for their support h I support and help me during the graduation thesis In the course of implementing graduation thesis, I still have many mistakes, so I hope to receive the help of teachers so that my topic can be further improved Thank you sincerely ! Thai Nguyen in September 2019 Student LÝ TIẾN LỢI ii TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT iii LIST OF FIGURES v LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS vii PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research rationale 1.2 Research objectives 1.3 Research question 1.4 Limitations PART II LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Overview of surface water resources and water pollution 2.2 Sources that pollute surface water 2.2.1 From humans 2.2.2 From agricultural production 2.2.3 From industrial production 2.3 Waste water and waste water classification 2.4 DO and BOD 10 2.5 COD 10 2.6 pH 11 2.7 Coliform and TSS 11 2.8 Situation of pollution of river bridge water in Thai Nguyen 12 2.9 Introduction to GIS 13 PART III METHOD 15 iii 3.1 Location and time of sampling 15 3.2 Methods of sampling and analysis 16 3.3 Methods of collecting secondary documents 17 3.4 Method of building a map 18 3.5 Methods of synthesis and data processing 19 PART IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 20 4.1 Natural and socio-economic conditions of Thai Nguyen city 20 4.2 Geographical location 21 4.3 Geomorphological topography 21 4.4 Assess the status of environmental quality of water in Cau river basin section running through Thai Nguyen city 23 4.5 Factors affecting surface water quality 27 4.6 Proposing some solutions to improve the surface water environment in Thai Nguyen city in the coming time 33 4.6.1 In terms of management 33 4.6.2 Educational propaganda activities 34 4.6.3 Technical solutions 36 PART V CONCLUSION 37 5.1 Conclusion 37 5.2 Request 38 REFERENCES 39 APPENDICES 42 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figures 3.1 Location of monitoring points in Thai Nguyen city Sampling time: 4/2019 16 Figures 3.2 Method of building a map 18 Figures 4.1 Water pollution map for PH COD and BOD5 24 Figures 4.2 Water pollution map for TSS 25 Figures 4.3 Water pollution map for Coliform 26 v LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Location of sampling points 15 Table 3.2 Methods of analysis 17 Table 4.1 Result of analyzing the environmental quality of the Cau river basin section running through Thai Nguyen city 23 Table 4.2 The composition of load and concentration of pollutants in unprocessed domestic wastewater 27 Table 4.3 Load of pollutants in domestic wastewater of people 28 Table 4.4 Discharge points in the city area 29 Table 4.5 Major pollution targets of hospital wastewater 31 Table 4.6 demonstrating the discharges of hospitals in the city 32 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS COD : Chemical Oxygen Demand BOD : Biochemical oxygen Demand QCVN : Vietnam standards TSS : turbidity & suspendid solids BTNMT : the environmental resources vii PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research rationale Water resources are an important resource of the environment Water resources are an important component in deciding economic planning and development strategies and ensuring national security In the past, strong economic development has damaged water resources, particularly water pollution and water resource depletion Surface water quality is affected by human activity and natural processes (S Ravichandran, 2013) Cau River is one of the main rivers of the Thai Binh river system with 47% of the total catchment area The Cau River originates from the south of Phia Booc peak (1,578 m) of Van On mountain range in Phuong Vien commune, Cho Don district, Bac Kan province The total length of the Cau River is 288km At present, Cau River is greatly affected by wastewater from many localities Activities of environmental management and protection in the basin are very concerned (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, 2010) Over-exploitation of water sources leads to water depletion and degradation leading to water shortage The exploitation and use of water in the area is very developed with many water exploitation works (pumping stations, dams, reservoirs) on Cau River and its tributaries, streams and branches, meeting part of the demand Use water on the area In addition to meeting the socio-economic development targets up to 2020 under the Decision No 58/2007 / QD-TTg, dated May 4, 2007 of the Prime Minister, Thai Nguyen province must increase the water exploitation activities, so if there is no plan to regulate the distribution of water resources will affect households using water, aquatic ecosystems in the region, directly affecting the economic development of the province (Bộ Tài nguyên Môi trường 2011) like water security issues Stemming from the above practical conditions, we select the thesis topic: "Evaluation of current status of environmental quality in the river basin of river flow period through Thai Nguyen city, Thai Nguyen province" to investigate and evaluate pollution sources and assessment of changes in water quality in Cau river flowing through Thai Nguyen city area 1.2 Research objectives The objective of this study is to assess the current state of the water environment in the Cau River basin section running through Thai Nguyen City based on basic water quality parameters such as DO, BOD, COD, TSS, Coliform From there, propose some solutions to manage water quality in Cau River The main goal of the study Sessing the reason why the pollution level of each monitoring point is different Understanding the factors affecting the water environment quality in Cau river basin section running through Thai Nguyen city Propose some solutions to manage the environmental quality of Cau river water running through Thai Nguyen city 1.3 Research question Research question: + To what extent is the quality of water environment in the Cau River basin at the monitoring points?