by Robert D. Schneider and Darril Gibson Microsoft ® SQL Server ® 2008 ALL-IN-ONE DESK REFERENCE FOR DUMmIES ‰ 01_179543-ffirs.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page i 01_179543-ffirs.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page iv by Robert D. Schneider and Darril Gibson Microsoft ® SQL Server ® 2008 ALL-IN-ONE DESK REFERENCE FOR DUMmIES ‰ 01_179543-ffirs.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page i Microsoft ® SQL Server ® 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies ® Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2008 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permit- ted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. 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Library of Congress Control Number: 2008933788 ISBN: 978-0-470-17954-3 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 01_179543-ffirs.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page ii About the Authors Robert D. Schneider has more than 15 years of experience developing and delivering sophisticated software solutions worldwide. He has provided tech- nical and business expertise on topics such as Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), database optimization, and distributed computing to a wide variety of enterprises in the financial, technology, and government sectors. Clients have included Chase Manhattan Bank, VISA, HP, SWIFT, Booz Allen Hamilton, and the governments of the United States, Mexico, Brazil, and Malaysia. Robert is the author of Optimizing Informix Applications, Microsoft SQL Server: Planning and Building a High Performance Database, MySQL Database Design and Tuning, and SQL Server 2005 Express For Dummies. He has also written numerous articles on technical and professional services topics and has been quoted as a subject matter expert in publications worldwide. He can be reached at Robert.Schneider@Think88.com. Darril Gibson has been a Microsoft Certified Trainer (MCT) for more than nine years, providing training on SQL Server (since SQL Server version 7.0) and a wide variety of other Microsoft technologies. He is currently contracted with the U.S. Air Force, providing extensive technical training to Air Force personnel in support of a major network operations support center. He holds nearly 20 current certifications and has been certified in each SQL Server ver- sion since SQL Server 7.0. Darril is the author of MCITP: SQL Server 2005 Database Administration All-In- One and MCITP: SQL Server 2005 Database Developer All-In-One. He developed several video training courses for Keystone Learning on several certification topics including A+, MCSE, and Microsoft Exchange. He has also developed several courses teaching technical topics at the college and university level, and for U.S. government clients. Dedication To my family for their support, patience, and encouragement. —Robert D. Schneider To my loving wife of 16 years who I’m grateful to also call my best friend. —Darril Gibson Authors’ Acknowledgments The authors want to acknowledge the following people for their invaluable assistance in creating and publishing this work: Carole McLendon, Nicole Sholly, Kyle Looper, Brian Walls, Toni Settle, Joan K. Griffitts. 01_179543-ffirs.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page iii Publisher’s Acknowledgments We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our online registration form located at www.dummies.com/register/. Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following: Acquisitions and Editorial Project Editor: Nicole Sholly Acquisitions Editor: Kyle Looper Copy Editor: Brian Walls Technical Editor: Damir Bersinic Editorial Manager: Kevin Kirschner Editorial Assistant: Amanda Foxworth Sr. Editorial Assistant: Cherie Case Cartoons: Rich Tennant (www.the5thwave.com) Composition Services Project Coordinator: Katie Key Layout and Graphics: Carl Byers, Reuben W. Davis, Ronald Terry Proofreaders: David Faust, Jessica Kramer, Toni Settle Indexer: Joan K. Griffitts Publishing and Editorial for Technology Dummies Richard Swadley, Vice President and Executive Group Publisher Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher Mary Bednarek, Executive Acquisitions Director Mary C. Corder, Editorial Director Publishing for Consumer Dummies Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher Joyce Pepple, Acquisitions Director Composition Services Gerry Fahey, Vice President of Production Services Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services 01_179543-ffirs.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page iv Contents at a Glance Introduction 1 Book I: Essential Concepts 7 Chapter 1: Introducing SQL Server 2008 9 Chapter 2: SQL Server Architecture and Key Concepts 15 Chapter 3: Getting Started, Getting Around 23 Chapter 4: Setting Up SQL Server 2008 35 Chapter 5: Using SQL Server Management Studio 59 Book II: Designing and Using Databases 73 Chapter 1: Setting Up a Database 75 Chapter 2: Care and Feeding of Your Database 89 Chapter 3: Data Types and How to Use Them 99 Chapter 4: Constructing New Tables 121 Chapter 5: Looking After Your Tables 141 Chapter 6: Understanding Relationships 155 Book III: Interacting with Your Data 175 Chapter 1: Using Proper Normalization Techniques 177 Chapter 2: The SQL Server Optimizer 187 Chapter 3: Using the Query Designer 201 Chapter 4: Setting Query Options 213 Chapter 5: Searching for Information 231 Chapter 6: Organizing Query Results 257 Chapter 7: Modifying Your Data 265 Chapter 8: Taking Advantage of Views 273 Chapter 9: Advanced Query Topics 291 Book IV: Database Programming 313 Chapter 1: Understanding Transact-SQL 315 Chapter 2: Stored Procedures and Functions 331 Chapter 3: Triggers 349 Chapter 4: Working with Visual Studio 361 Chapter 5: Web Services 375 Chapter 6: Developing Remote Applications 385 Chapter 7: Advanced Development Topics 401 02_179543-ftoc.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page v Book V: Reporting Services 419 Chapter 1: Introduction to SQL Server Reporting Services 421 Chapter 2: Creating Reports with Report Builder 435 Chapter 3: Creating Reports with Report Designer 449 Chapter 4: Integrating Reports 469 Book VI: Analysis Services 477 Chapter 1: Introduction to SQL Server Analysis Services 479 Chapter 2: Creating Business Intelligence Solutions with BIDS 493 Chapter 3: Data Mining and Maintaining Analysis Services Objects 517 Book VII: Performance Tips and Tricks 529 Chapter 1: Working with the SQL Server Optimizer 531 Chapter 2: Using Performance Monitoring Tools 541 Chapter 3: Data Access Strategies 569 Chapter 4: Tuning SQL Server 587 Book VIII: Database Administration 601 Chapter 1: Configuring SQL Server 603 Chapter 2: Performing Major Administrative Tasks 619 Chapter 3: Security: Keeping SQL Server Safe 647 Chapter 4: Integration and Your Database 661 Chapter 5: Replication 677 Chapter 6: Spreading the Load with Partitioning 693 Book IX: Appendixes 701 Appendix A: Ten Sources of Information on SQL Server 2008 703 Appendix B: Troubleshooting SQL Server 2008 707 Appendix C: Glossary 715 Index 725 02_179543-ftoc.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page vi Table of Contents Introduction 1 About This Book 1 Foolish Assumptions 1 Conventions Used in This Book 2 What You Don’t Have to Read 2 How This Book Is Organized 3 Book I: Essential Concepts 3 Book II: Designing and Using Databases 3 Book III: Interacting with Your Data 4 Book IV: Database Programming 4 Book V: Reporting Services 4 Book VI: Analysis Services 4 Book VII: Performance Tips and Tricks 4 Book VIII: Database Administration 5 Book IX: Appendixes 5 Icons Used in This Book 5 Where to Go from Here 6 Book I: Essential Concepts 7 Chapter 1: Introducing SQL Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 SQL Server 2008: An Evolution, Not a Revolution 9 More development productivity 10 Improved integration 11 Enhanced security 12 Streamlined administration 12 Understanding SQL Server’s Editions 13 Chapter 2: SQL Server Architecture and Key Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Relational Databases: The Heart of Modern Computing Solutions 15 Understanding Key SQL Server 2008 Concepts 16 Reliability 16 Security 17 Flexibility 17 Administration 17 Application Development 18 Business Intelligence 19 Reporting 20 Integration 20 02_179543-ftoc.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page vii Microsoft SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies viii Chapter 3: Getting Started, Getting Around . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Hardware and Software Requirements 23 Converting to SQL Server 2008 25 Upgrading from earlier versions of SQL Server 25 Converting from a different database 27 Tools at Your Disposal 29 Administration 29 Performance 30 Software development 33 Chapter 4: Setting Up SQL Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Installing SQL Server 35 Creating and Maintaining Configurations 43 SQL Server communication protocols 43 Reporting services configuration 45 SQL Server features 47 Streamlining Administration 47 SQL Server Maintenance Plan Wizard 47 Policy-based management 51 Chapter 5: Using SQL Server Management Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Menu Structure and Icons 60 Object Explorer 60 Template Explorer 62 Solution Explorer 63 Running Queries 64 Query-specific user interface features 64 Creating a query 66 Using the Query Designer 68 Book II: Designing and Using Databases 73 Chapter 1: Setting Up a Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 System Databases 75 Connecting to a Database Server 76 Exploring an Existing Database 78 Understanding the Major Database Objects 79 Creating a New Database 80 Using SQLCMD to Create a Database 86 Scripting Your Database 87 Chapter 2: Care and Feeding of Your Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 Renaming a Database 89 Changing Database Parameters 90 General 91 Files 92 02_179543-ftoc.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page viii [...]... Understanding SQL Server Partitioning 693 Partitioning Key Terms and Concepts .695 Setting Up Partitioning in Your Environment 696 02_179543-ftoc.qxp xx 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page xx Microsoft SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies Book IX: Appendixes 701 Appendix A: Ten Sources of Information on SQL Server 2008 703 Microsoft SQL Server Web Site 703 Microsoft SQL Server. .. 02_179543-ftoc.qxp 8/23/08 xviii 12:23 AM Page xviii Microsoft SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies Book VIII: Database Administration 601 Chapter 1: Configuring SQL Server 603 SQL Server Configuration Tools 603 SQL Server Configuration Manager 604 SQL Server Surface Area Configuration Tool 604 sp_configure 604 SQL Server Management... 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page x Microsoft SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies Chapter 6: Understanding Relationships 155 Relationships: Making Data Meaningful 155 Relationship Types 156 One-to-one 157 One-to-many 157 Many-to-many .157 Constraints 158 Creating Relationships 160 The SQL Server Management Studio... Data from Your Database 270 02_179543-ftoc.qxp xii 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page xii Microsoft SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies Chapter 8: Taking Advantage of Views 273 Tying Information Together with Views 273 Creating a View 275 Creating a view with the View Designer 275 Creating a view with T -SQL .278 Using a View ... likely to find yourself skipping the information called out by the Technical Stuff icons Just as your car runs without you memorizing the workings of its transmission, you can derive a lot of value from SQL Server 2008 without knowing its internal architecture How This Book Is Organized SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies is split into nine mini-books You don’t have to read it sequentially,... to Distribute Data 375 Requesting data and getting a response 377 Seeing a Web service in action 378 02_179543-ftoc.qxp xiv 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page xiv Microsoft SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies Using Web Services in Conjunction with SQL Server 379 Creating HTTP endpoints to support Web services 380 Exploring the SOAP request and the SOAP response 383 Chapter... 04_179543-pp01.qxp 8/23/08 12:24 AM Page 8 Contents at a Glance Chapter 1: Introducing SQL Server 2008 9 SQL Server 2008: An Evolution, Not a Revolution 9 Understanding SQL Server s Editions 13 Chapter 2: SQL Server Architecture and Key Concepts 15 Relational Databases: The Heart of Modern Computing Solutions 15 Understanding Key SQL Server 2008 Concepts... Queries 64 05_179543-bk01ch01.qxp 8/23/08 12:24 AM Page 9 Chapter 1: Introducing SQL Server 2008 In This Chapter ߜ SQL Server 2008: An evolution, not a revolution ߜ More development productivity ߜ Improved integration ߜ Additional security and administrative options ߜ Understanding SQL Server s editions B efore you take the plunge into SQL Server 2008, it’s only natural for you to wonder what you’re... every edition of SQL Server 2008 More development productivity Microsoft s software architecture and database tools have always offered excellent integration and productivity SQL Server 2008 amplifies the firm’s “Developers, developers, developers, developers!” mantra Here’s how SQL Server 2008 has helped this important audience: 05_179543-bk01ch01.qxp 8/23/08 12:24 AM Page 11 SQL Server 2008: An Evolution,... with past versions of SQL, this mini-book gives you valuable insight into what you can achieve with SQL Server 2008 Book V: Reporting Services You know there’s data in there How can you get it out? This is a common challenge for database users With SQL Server Reporting Services in SQL Server 2008, Microsoft has significantly improved the ability to get the data to the users’ desktops by using familiar . Darril Gibson Microsoft ® SQL Server ® 2008 ALL-IN-ONE DESK REFERENCE FOR DUMmIES ‰ 01_179543-ffirs.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page i Microsoft ® SQL Server ® 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies ® Published. in each SQL Server ver- sion since SQL Server 7.0. Darril is the author of MCITP: SQL Server 2005 Database Administration All-In- One and MCITP: SQL Server 2005 Database Developer All-In-One. He. in action 378 02_179543-ftoc.qxp 8/23/08 12:23 AM Page xiii Microsoft SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies xiv Using Web Services in Conjunction with SQL Server 379 Creating HTTP