Vocabulary words to describe feelings, jobs

VOCABULARY WORDS TO DESCRIBE FEELINGS, JOBS GRAMMAR SHOULD, CAN, FUTURE FORMS, USED TO TABLE OF CONTENS Subject Page A VOCABULARY 3 I Words to describe feelings 3 II Jobs 6 B GRAMMAR 10 I Should 10 1.

VOCABULARY: WORDS TO DESCRIBE FEELINGS, JOBS GRAMMAR: SHOULD, CAN, FUTURE FORMS, USED TO TABLE OF CONTENS Subject Page A VOCABULARY I Words to describe feelings II Jobs B GRAMMAR .10 I Should 10 Structure 10 Usage 11 a should for advice, opinions 11 b should for obligation, duty, correctness .11 c should for probability, expectation .12 d should for conditionals 12 e should for If I were you I should 12 f should for pseudo subjunctive 13 g should for Why should ? .13 II Can 13 Structure 13 Usage 14 a The possibility of being present or future .14 b Asking for permission and permission, and the negative (cannot) indicating a prohibition in speech 14 c Request, offer or suggestion 14 d When used with the verb to perceive, it has a continuous meaning .14 III Future forms 14 FUTURE PREDICTIONS, STATEMENTS OF FACT AND PROMISES WILL and SHALL 14 TIMETABLES AND SCHEDULED EVENTS 16 PRESENT SIMPLE 16 PERSONAL ARRANGEMENTS 16 PRESENT CONTINUOUS 16 PLANS, INTENTIONS AND PREDICTIONS WITH EVIDENCE 16 GOING TO 16 IV Used to .17 Structure 17 Usage 18 a Something you did in the past 18 b Something that happened regularly in the past .18 c Something that was true in the past 18 REFERENCE 19 A VOCABULARY I Words to describe feelings Vocabulary Sorrowful (adj) /ˈsɒrəʊfəl/ very sad Example With a sorrowful sigh she folded the letter Dejected Optimistic Pessimistic /dɪˈdʒektɪd/ /ɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ /pesɪˈmɪstɪk/ unhappy, and put it away She looked a bit disappointed, or dejected when they without hope told her she didn't get always hoping or the job She is optimistic about believing that her chances of winning something good will a gold medal happen in the future thinking that bad She became deeply things are more depressed when her likely to happen or husband died emphasizing the bad upset jubilant embarrassed tense amused /ʌpˈset/ part of a situation worried, unhappy /ˈdʒuːbələnt/ failing his exam? feeling or expressing The fans were jubilant /ɪmˈbærəst/ /tens/ /əˈmjuːzd/ Is he very upset about great happiness, at about over their especially because team's victory of a success feeling ashamed or She felt embarrassed shy about undressing in nervous, worried front of the doctor She was very tense as and unable to relax she waited for the smiling or laughing interview I don't know why because you think you're laughing - there that something is is nothing to be funny pleased and happy amused about I’m very glad that you happy and satisfied are here I'm really pleased with to make someone your work this term I was so annoyed with angry him for turning up late = angry very happy Christmas is such a in a good mood feeling happy or joyful time of year You're in a good mood (idiom) be full of the pleasant be very happy this morning! He bounced into the glad pleased annoyed joyful /ɡlæd/ /pli:zd/ /əˈnɔɪd/ /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/ joys of spring office, full of the joys (idiom) be in seventh of spring Since they got married, be extremely happy heaven (idiom) they've been in seventh be over the heaven She was over the moon be very pleased moon (idiom) about/with her new be/feel on top of = be over the moon bike She’s on top of the the world (idiom) world – she’s just got /mɪkst if you have mixed engaged to be married I had mixed feelings ˈfiːlɪŋz/ feelings about about leaving home I something, you feel was excited but at the both pleased and not same time, I knew I pleased about it at would miss my family no hard feelings the same time no feeling of being Yona wanted to show (idiom) upset there were no hard (idiom) mixed feelings feelings after I won the be as hard as not feeling or contest She’ll be good in nails (idiom) showing any business – she’s as emotions such as hard as nails sympathy, fear, or carry a torch for worry to be in love with John has carried a someone someone It is often torch for Jane for years (idiom) used to describe a but she doesn’t seem to situation where the notice feelings aren’t a chip on one’s mutual an angry attitude She’s not going to shoulder (idiom) from someone who make any friends if she feels unfairly treated walks around with a chip on her shoulder Make make someone very like that The thought of (someone’s) frightened jumping out of a plane hair stand on makes my hair stand end (idiom) go to pieces become deeply sad on end Candy went to pieces (idiom) and depressed after after she heard about the loss of his death something or someone extremely important in life; to have a mental or be in a stew emotional collapse be extremely I am in a stew! My son (idiom) concerned or upset is not back home yet! be hopping mad about something = be fighting mad Mom was hopping mad (about/over (idiom) after I dented her something) (idiom) have had brand-new car you don’t want more “I’ve had enough of enough (idiom) of something your lies Just tell me because you are the truth.” annoyed, angry, or feel blue (idiom) tired of it = have the blues Don’t feel blue Life is (idiom) short, have some fun! II Jobs - builder /ˈbɪldər/ (n): a person whose job is to build or repair houses or other buildings: thợ xây Eg: The builder who built our house has gone bankrupt - carpenter /ˈkɑːpəntər/ (n): a person whose job is making and repairing wooden objects and structures: thợ mộc - electrician /ɪlekˈtrɪʃən/ (n): a person whose job is to connect, repair,… electrical equipment: thợ điện Eg: The electrician mended the electric fan - mechanic /məˈkænɪk/ (n): a person whose job is repairing machines, especially cars Eg: Buying that second-hand car without having it checked by a mechanic first cost us dear - architect /ˈɑːkɪtekt/ (n): a person whose job is to design new buildings and make certain that they are built correctly: kĩ sư Eg: Doug and Wendy worked with an architect to create their dream home - lawyer /ˈlɑːjɚ/ (n): someone whose job is to give advice to people about the law and speak for them in court: luật sư Eg: If you want to make your will, consult a lawyer - accountant /əˈkaʊn.tənt/ (n): a person whose job is to keep or check financial accounts: nhân viên kế toán Eg: He employs an accountant to deal with his tax affairs - full-time /fʊlˈtaɪm/ (adj/adv): (of work or education) done for the whole of a working week Eg: Most children in the UK remain in full-time education until they are at least 16 years old She went back to work full-time when her youngest child went to school - part-time /pɑːtˈtaɪm/ (adj/adv): not taking one’s whole time; for only a few hours or days a week: bán thời gian Eg: She got a part-time job working three days a week - freelancer /ˈfriːlɑːnsər/ (n): someone who is not employed by any one organization but does particular pieces of work for different organizations Eg: She has written for a variety of publications both as a staffer and a freelancer - minimum wage /mɪnɪməm ˈweɪdʒ/ (n): the smallest amount of money that employers are legally allowed to pay someone who works for them Eg: The new business couldn't afford to pay more than the minimum wage - out of work (adj): unemployed Eg: I’ve been out of work since December Hope I find a new job soon! - hourly rate (n): the amount of money that is charged, paid, or earned for every hour worked Eg: You pay a fixed or hourly rate for the advisers' time rather than paying for the products they sell you - work-life balance /wɜːklaɪf ˈbæləns/ (n): the amount of time you spend doing your job compared with the amount of time you spend with your family and doing things you enjoy Eg: It can be difficult to get the right work-life balance - career break /kəˈrɪə breɪk/ (n): a period of time when you choose not to have a job, for example because you want to travel or take care of your children Eg: I took a career break for a year and travelled around the world - dead-end job /dedend ˈdʒɒb/ (n): a job that has no chance of promotion or advancement Eg: She left the company because she was very ambitious but in a dead-end job - be sacked/ get the sack: be fired: bị sa thải, đuổi việc Eg: I just got the sack, and so did 20 other people I have three hours pack up my things and leave the office - balance the books (idiom): make certain that the amount of money spent is not more than the amount of money received Eg: If the business loses any more money, we won't be able to balance the books this year - golden handshake (idiom): trợ cấp nghỉ việc Eg: She won't have to find a job very quickly because she got a huge golden handshake from her last job - be snowed under (idiom): be very busy Eg: I’m sorry, I can’t write that report for you right now – I’m snowed under with work today - sweat blood (idiom): make a great effort Eg: We sweated blood to get the work finished on time - bring home the bacon (idiom): earn money for a family to live on: kiếm đủ tiền ni sống gia đình Eg: I can't sit around all day - someone's got to bring home the bacon - be a fish in a small pond (idiom): người có tầm quan trọng phạm vi nhỏ, vị trí cao hơn, họ quan trọng Eg: As the manager of a local company, he enjoys being a fish in a small pond - begin to see daylight (idiom): nhận kết thúc dự án/ nhiệm vụ, sau ngày vùi mặt vào làm cuối đến ngày thấy ánh mặt trời Eg: Read these thoroughly I believe you will begin to see daylight in our plan - make ends meet (idiom): kiếm đủ sống Eg: A young boy started his own business to help his mom make ends meet after she lost her job during the pandemic COVID - 19 - burn the candle at both ends (idiom): làm cạn sức lực cách sống đời bận rộn Eg: I’ve been working two jobs so we can buy a car, but I’m very tired I’m burning the candle at both ends B GRAMMAR I Should Should is an auxiliary verb - a modal auxiliary verb We use should mainly to:  give advice or make recommendations  talk about obligation  talk about probability and expectation  express the conditional mood  replace a subjunctive structure Structure The basic structure for should is: subject + should + main verb Note that:  The auxiliary verb should is invariable There is only one form: should  The main verb is usually in the base form (He should go) Look at the basic structure again, with positive, negative and question sentences: + ? subject auxiliary He You Should should should should we not not main verb base work go help? Note that the main verb is sometimes in the form:  have + past participle is used to express something that would have been a good idea but it wasn’t done Eg: I should have studied harder! (= I didn't study very hard and so I failed the exam I'm sorry about this now.)  be + -ing has two ways of using:  Talk about an action that may be happening at the time of speaking Eg: It’s already past lunch time, Marshall should be working right now  Insinuating that the subject is not fulfilling their obligations or is acting inappropriately Eg: It’s already past lunch time, Marshall, you should be working right now The main verb can never be the to-infinitive We cannot say: He should to go There is no short form for should, but we can shorten the negative should not to shouldn't Usage a should for advice, opinions We often use should when offering advice or opinions (similar to ought to): You should see the new James Bond movie It's great! He shouldn't smoke And he should stop drinking too What should I wear? There should be a law against that People should worry more about global warming b should for obligation, duty, correctness Another use of should (also similar to ought to) is to indicate a kind of obligation, duty or correctness, often when criticizing another person: You should be wearing your seat belt (obligation) I should be at work now (duty) You shouldn't have said that to her (correctness) He should have been more careful Should you be driving so fast? c should for probability, expectation We use should to indicate that we think something is probable (we expect it to happen): Are you ready? The train should be here soon $10 is enough It shouldn't cost more than that Let's call Mary She should have finished work by now d should for conditionals We sometimes use should (instead of would) for the first person singular and plural (I, we) of some conditionals: If I lost my job I should have no money (If he lost his job he would have no money.) We should be grateful if you could send us your latest catalogue This is not a very important distinction (More about the use of shall/will and should/would.) e should for If I were you I should We often use the conditional structure "If I were you I should " to give advice If I were you, I should complain to the manager If I were you, I shouldn't worry about it I shouldn't say anything if I were you Note that we can omit "If I were you " and just say: I should complain to the manager I shouldn't worry about it I shouldn't say anything In these cases, the phrase "I should" really means something like "you should" f should for pseudo subjunctive We often use a special verb form called the subjunctive when talking about events that somebody wants to happen, hopes will happen or imagines happening, for example: The president insists that the prime minister attend the meeting However, this is much more common in American English British English speakers often convey the same idea using should: The president insists that the prime minister should attend the meeting g should for Why should ? If we don't understand (or agree with) something, we may use Why should ? like this: Why should it be illegal to commit suicide? It's your life Why should ? and How should ? can also indicate anger or irritation: A: Help me with this B: Why should I? A: Where are my keys? B: How should I know? II Can Can be a modal verb Express present or future that a person can something or an event may happen Structure: Possitive Structure S + can + V_inf +… Example We can see the lake from our Negative Interrogative S + can’t + V_inf + … bedroom window I'm afraid I can’t come to the Can + S + V_inf + … party on Friday Can you speak any foregin language? Usage Can is used to express: a The possibility of being present or future Ex: I haven’t got time today, but I can see you tomorrow b Asking for permission and permission, and the negative (cannot) indicating a prohibition in speech Ex: Can I use your phone? c Request, offer or suggestion Ex: Can you wait a moment, please? d When used with the verb to perceive, it has a continuous meaning Ex: Listen! I think someone is singing = Listen! I think I can hear someone singing III Future forms Different grammatical forms and structures are used to give different information about future events This future information may be for such things as scheduled future events, predicted future events, promises or if the future event is an obligation There are four distinct forms for discussing the future We’ll look at each form in turn FUTURE PREDICTIONS, STATEMENTS OF FACT AND PROMISES WILL and SHALL Will and shall are sometimes referred to as the English future tense For this reason, many speakers of English as a second language use the modal verbs will or shall for all future expressions which is incorrect Will and shall are used only for futures describing predictions with no firm evidence, a statement of future fact or a promise about the future The grammatical form for will and shall is: Subject + will/shall + infinitive verb Here are some examples:  (I predict that) Humans will land on Mars within the next 50 years – A prediction without firm evidence  (I promise) I will help you later – A promise to something in the future  The train will arrive at platform in three minutes – A statement of fact Will and shall are very similar modal verbs although will is more common in day-today usage Shall is typically used instead of will in the following situations in British English:  For offers and suggestions for ‘I and ‘we’ about a future event – Shall I help you? Shall we leave now?  For formal future obligations – Applications shall send their CV to us The tenant shall pay monthly  To make a strong formal statement about the future – We shall overcome, we shall never surrender  To make a formal promise about the future – We shall never forget them, they shall not grow old We use the future perfect with will or shall to speak about what will have been completed by a certain time in the future  I will have finished the task by next week  They will have completed the project by this time tomorrow We use the future perfect continuous with will and shall to speak about how long something will have been happening up to a point of time in the future  They will have been driving non-stop for five hours non-stop by o’clock  John will have been studying for eight hours up to now 2 TIMETABLES AND SCHEDULED EVENTS PRESENT SIMPLE The present simple is used to make statements about future events based on a timetable, schedule or calendar The grammatical form for present simple for the future is: Subject + present simple + preposition + time  The train leaves in 10 minutes  The meeting ends at 11.00 PERSONAL ARRANGEMENTS PRESENT CONTINUOUS The present continuous is used to talk about arrangements for a single future event It implies that more than one person is aware of the future event and that some preparation has already happened The grammatical form is: Subject + be + present continuous + object + future expression  I’m meeting my wife later  Are you watching the film on TV tonight?  He is playing football on Saturday PLANS, INTENTIONS AND PREDICTIONS WITH EVIDENCE GOING TO Going to is a grammar structure used to talk about future plans and arrangements that you have already made and for predictions with firm evidence The structure is: Subject + be + going + to-infinitive  We’re going to watch the new film tonight – An arrangement already made and booked  Those clouds are very dark, it’s going to rain – A prediction based on the evidence of dark clouds  It’s am, you’re going to miss the bus – A prediction based on the time evidence that it’s too late to catch the bus USING THE CORRECT FUTURE FORMS There are four main future forms in English Often these forms are used with future time expressions such as: next week, next month, next year, tomorrow, in two/three etc day’s/week’s/month’s time, when, as soon as and so on IV Used to The main reason for using “used to” is to emphasize a contrast between the present and the past You want to say that you did something in the past, but you don’t it now Something was true in the past, but it’s not true now “Used to” is not used to talk about the recent past You can’t say “Yesterday I used to walk to the store.” “Used to” is used to talk about things in an earlier part of your life I used to live in Ha Noi (Tôi sống Ha Noi – khơng cịn nữa) I didn’t use to stay up late when I was a student (Tôi không thức khuya tơi cịn sinh viên – bỏ thói quen đó) Structure Affirmative Negative Interrogative Structure S + used to + V-inf + O Examples I used to go to the S + didn’t + use to + V-inf + O supermarket every day She didn’t use to be so Did + S + use to + V-inf + O? mean Did you use to read to the book? Usage a Something you did in the past Use “used to” to talk about a repeated action, a habit, or 'something you did for months or years, but you NOT now When I was young, I used to play in the park with my friends (I don’t play in the park with my friends now.) I used to play a lot of sports when I was young After I broke my leg I stopped playing sports b Something that happened regularly in the past There are things in the past that happened many times Use “used to” when you want to talk about something that happened regularly in the past, but it does not happen now The clothing store used to have a sale every month! It only has a sale once in a while now I miss how you used to make me smile with your crazy jokes We used to go to church every Sunday c Something that was true in the past Use ‘used to” to emphasize a contrast between the past and present, when something that was true in the past, but it is not true in the present This used to be a pet store Now, it’s a bank! Life used to be so much easier People used to think the earth was flat and the sun revolved around the earth People used to smoke on airplanes In fact, people used to smoke everywhere: the workplace, the grocery store, even the doctor’s office! REFERENCE New Cutting Edge Pre-Intermediate Englishtv IELTS Speaking https://stepup.edu.vn/blog/cau-truc-should/ https://www.theenglishbureau.com/blog/future-forms/