Signs and patterns lung disease (2)

Normal Anatomy of the Chest Zones of the Airways •The conductive zone: the trachea, bronchi, and nonalveolated bronchioles • The transitory zone has both conductive and respiratory functions and consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs •The respiratory zone consists of alveoli, the primary function of this zone is the exchange of gases between air and blood Normal Anatomy of the Chest Lung Architecture The primary pulmonary lobule consists of •All alveolar ducts •Alveolar sacs, and alveoli •Together blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues distal to the last respiratory bronchiole •This unit is too small to be seen radiologically Normal Anatomy of the Chest Lung Architecture The secondary pulmonary lobule is the smallest discrete portion •Surrounded by connective tissue septae •It is composed of three to five terminal bronchioles with their accompanying transitory airways and parenchyma •Contains 30 to 50 primary lobules •Polyhedral in shape and to 2.5 cm in diameter Normal Anatomy of the Chest Lung Architecture A pulmonary acinus is also an anatomic unit compose •The terminal bronchiole, •Comprising the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, •Alveolar sacs, and alveoli •Typically, six to 12 acini are grouped together in a secondary pulmonary lobule Normal Anatomy of the Chest Lung Architecture 1.Air Bronchogram Sign (PQ khÝ) Air Bronchogram Sign Bệnh lý nhu mô: bao gồm ã Viờm phụi nhiờm trung ã Chảy máu ã Phù phổi ã K phế quản-phế nang ã Lymphoma ã Bệnh viêm phỉi mì • BƯnh nhiƠm protein phÕ nang • XĐp phổi tắc trung tâm Dấu hiệu tổn thương nằm nhu mô phổi mµng phỉi hay trung thÊt Air Crescent Sign (LiÒm khÝ) septic emboli Air Crescent Sign (LiÒm khÝ)  Khèi ph¸t triĨn mét hang cã tr­íc (nÊm) Vùng viêm phổi hoại tử tạo hang DÊu hiƯu chØ sù ph¶n øng cđa hƯ thèng miễn dịch (bạch cầu) với tác nhân gây nhiễm trùng Bulging Fissure Sign (låi r·nh liªn thïy) Klebsiella pneumonia ...Normal Anatomy of the Chest Lung Architecture The primary pulmonary lobule consists of •All alveolar ducts •Alveolar sacs, and alveoli •Together blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues distal... their accompanying transitory airways and parenchyma •Contains 30 to 50 primary lobules •Polyhedral in shape and to 2.5 cm in diameter Normal Anatomy of the Chest Lung Architecture A pulmonary acinus... bronchioles, alveolar ducts, •Alveolar sacs, and alveoli •Typically, six to 12 acini are grouped together in a secondary pulmonary lobule Normal Anatomy of the Chest Lung Architecture 1.Air Bronchogram