methane gas hydrate

[...]... power, gas is expected to be the fuel of choice for many countries in the future The progress achieved in reducing the cost and increasing the performance of gas turbines, the present low prices, and the large world reserves make natural gas a highly desired fuel 1.2.7 Gas Hydrates Methane can be obtained from gas hydrates Gas hydrates are also called methane hydrates or chemically clathrates Gas hydrates... energy resources for the future Methane gas hydrates are increasingly considered to be a potential energy resource Methane gas hydrates are crystalline solids formed by the combination of methane and water at low temperatures and high pressures Gas hydrates have an icelike crystalline lattice of water molecules with methane molecules trapped inside Enormous reserves of hydrates can be found under continental... carbon in gas hydrates is estimated to be twice that in all other fossil fuels combined However, owing to the solid form of the gas hydrates, conventional gas and oil recovery techniques are not suitable Table 1.9 shows worldwide amounts of organic carbon sources The recovery of methane generally involves dissociating or melting in situ gas hydrates by heating the reservoir above the temperature of hydrate. .. ethyl alcohol (ethanol) Syngas can also be used to produce methane, or synthetic natural gas (Demirbas 2007) The CO/H2 mixture cannot be used as a direct replacement for methane An additional process, methanation, is needed: CO + 3H2 CH4 + H2O, (1.5) 2CO + 2H2 CH4 + CO2 (1.6) The methane produced in this way is sometimes called substitute natural gas or synthetic natural gas It would be easier, and... China Although coal is much more abundant than oil and gas on a global scale, coalfields can be depleted on a regional scale 1.2.5 Chemicals and Fuels from Coal As early as 1800, coal gas, or town gas, was made by heating coal in the absence of air An ideal coal gasification process would convert the coal completely to gas Coal can be converted to water gas with steam (Demirbas 2007) The key chemical step... made from coal 1.2.6 Natural Gas The role of natural gas in the world’s energy supply is growing rapidly Growing demand for natural gas is expected in all regions of the world, as resource availability, cost, and environmental considerations all favor its use The reserves and resources of conventional natural gas are comparable in size to those of conventional oil, but global gas consumption is still considerably... for blending into gasoline Steam reforming It produces hydrogen for the hydrotreaters or hydrocracker Liquefied gas storage It is used for propane and similar gaseous fuels at a pressure sufficient to maintain them in liquid form Storage tanks They are used for crude oil and finished products, and are usually cylindrical, with some sort of vapor emission control Amine gas and tail gas It is used to... product is gas Pyrolysis is the simplest and almost certainly the oldest method of processing one fuel to produce a better one Pyrolysis can also be carried out in the presence of a small quantity of oxygen (gasification), water (steam gasification), or hydrogen (hydrogenation) One of the most useful products is methane, which is a suitable fuel for electricity generation using high-efficiency gas turbines... kerosene for lighting, which was used till the discovery of light bulbs Gasoline and other products made during refining were simply discarded owing to lack of use In 1892, the “horseless carriage” solved this problem since it required gasoline By 1920 there were nine million motor vehicles in the USA and many gas stations to supply gasoline In 1858, Dr Abraham Gesner, a Canadian physician and amateur... would be easier, and possibly cheaper, to obtain synthetic natural gas in a single processing step: C + 2H2 CH4 (1.7) This process concept is called hydrogasification It has not been used commercially, but has been the subject of much research and development effort A promising new development in coal gasification is the integrated gasification combined cycle plant It is being advertised by the electric . Methane Hydrates on Climate Change 128 4.5 World’s Methane Hydrate Resources 132 4.5.1 Gas Hydrates on the North Slope, Alaska 136 4.5.2 Gas Hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico 136 4.5.3 Gas Hydrates. Properties of Methane Hydrates 141 4.7 Methane Hydrate Stability 143 4.8 Facilities for Recovery of Methane from Methane Hydrate 147 4.8.1 Disposal of Impurities from Methane 148 4.8.2 Gas Hydrate. produced from natural gas hydrates, or methane hydrates. The presence of gas hydrates in oceanic sediments was first postulated on the basis of seismic observations. Gas hydrates represent one