Complementary Pediatrics Edited by Öner Özdemir pot

COMPLEMENTARY PEDIATRICS Edited by Öner Özdemir Complementary Pediatrics Edited by Öner Özdemir Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Irena Voric Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published February, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Complementary Pediatrics, Edited by Öner Özdemir p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0155-0 Contents Preface IX Part 1 Pediatric Ophtalmology 1 Chapter 1 Pediatric Ophthalmology / Eye and Disorders 3 Hikmet Basmak, Nilgun Yildirim, Seyhan Topbas, Ahmet Ozer, Nazmiye Erol, Huseyin Gursoy and Afsun Sahin Part 2 Pediatric Surgery 31 Chapter 2 Acquired Cryptorchidism: What Should We Know? The Results of a Systematic Review 33 N. Zavras, A. Charalampopoulos, K. Velaoras and E. Iakomidis Chapter 3 Merits and Arguments Related to Circumcision 43 Hosni Khairy Salem Chapter 4 Nifedipine Gel with Lidocaine in the Treatment of Anal Fissure in Children: A Pilot Study and Review of the Literature 53 Baruch Klin, Ibrahim Abu-Kishk, Yigal Efrati and Gad Lotan Part 3 Special or Interdisciplinary Care 71 Chapter 5 Oxidative Stress of Newborn 73 Eloisa Gitto, Gabriella D’Angelo, Erika Cusumano and Russel J. Reiter Chapter 6 Pain Management and Nursing Approaches in Pediatric Oncology 97 Nejla Canbulat and Ayşe Sonay Kurt Chapter 7 Snake Bites in Pediatric Patients, a Current View 123 M.E. De la O. Cavazos, C. Treviño Garza, G. Guajardo-Rodríguez, B.A. Hernández-Montelongo and F.F. Montes-Tapia VI Contents Chapter 8 What is the Role of Pediatricians on Oral Health? 137 Cigdem Elbek Cubukcu Chapter 9 Interdisciplinary Model of Attention for Children Undergoing Hospitalized Surgical Procedures 165 Renata Panico Gorayeb, Maria de Fátima Galli Sorita Tazima, Flávio de Oliveira Pileggi, Maria Angela Marchini Gorayeb, Ricardo Gorayeb and Yvone A.M.V. Vicente Part 4 Psychosocial Issues 177 Chapter 10 Adolescent Psychosocial Development and Evaluation: Global Perspectives 179 Fadia AlBuhairan, Rosawan Areemit, Abigail Harrison and Miriam Kaufman Chapter 11 Comparisons of Bully and Unwanted Sexual Experiences Online and Offline Among a National Sample of Youth 203 Michele L. Ybarra, Kimberly J. Mitchell and Dorothy L. Espelage Chapter 12 A New Approach in Adolescent Alcohol Intoxication – Clinical Pediatric Experience and Research Combined 217 E. Van Zanten, J.J. Van Hoof and N. Van der Lely Chapter 13 Infantile Hospitalisation and Chronic Disease 235 Camila Aloisio Alves and Rosa Maria de Araújo Mitre Chapter 14 How to Accompany Children and Parents During the Different Phases of a Severe Chronic Disease 253 Momcilo Jankovic and Giuseppe Masera Part 5 Professional Liability 267 Chapter 15 Risk Management in Obstetrics and Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine 269 Jonathan Muraskas, Lindsay Ellsworth, Eric Culp, Gretchen Garbe and John Morrison Part 6 Frequently Used Medications Guide 287 Chapter 16 Administration and Dose of the Most Frequently Used Drugs in Paediatrics 289 Şenay Çetinkaya Preface It is a great honor for me to be editor of the book Complementary Pediatrics. Currently; there is a lot of classical pediatric text books describing various topics. In these kinds of text books, there have always been similar topics with the same styles. In this book volume, beyond classical themes, a different approach was made to current pediatric issues and topics. This book volume covers complementary issues of pediatric subspecialties consisting of ophthalmologic, surgical, psychosocial and administrative issues of frequently used medications. Book consists of 16 chapters which will help get us and patients enlightened with the new developments on these subspecialties’ area. First section of the book is pediatric ophthalmology, which concisely explains most common eye disorders encountered during childhood until adolescence. Pediatric Surgery section discusses very classical but unsettled approaches for issues related to circumcision and cryptorchidism. An interesting approach also has been defined for the treatment of anal fissure. Section of special and interdisciplinary care entails pain management, snake bites, oral health, oxidative stress and a model of specialized interdisciplinary management. Oxidative stress of newborn is described in detail and therapeutic options are explained. In addition, the use of melatonin is mentioned as a useful tool to combat oxygen toxicity in newborns. Section on psychosocial issues is usually not mentioned in old pediatric textbooks, but it is not forgotten in this book volume. This section starts with adolescent psychosocial development and continues with commonly encountered problems such as alcohol intoxication and unwanted sexual experience. Moreover, as a paramedical issue, professional liability section describes liability in detail in this book. Frequently used medications section, lists the administration and dose of most frequently used pediatric drugs as a directory. This manual will help decrease administrative medication and calculation errors. X Preface In conclusion; with these 16 chapters, this book volume completes knowledge on pediatric subspecialties including psychosocial and special / interdisciplinary issues. Before I finish my last words, I feel obliged to my father Orhan and father-in-law Hasan Baş for their support during this period time. Öner Özdemir, MD Assoc. Prof. of Pediatrics İstanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Research/Training Hospital 3rd Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology Kadıköy, İstanbul, Turkey . COMPLEMENTARY PEDIATRICS Edited by Öner Özdemir Complementary Pediatrics Edited by Öner Özdemir Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9,. www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Complementary Pediatrics, Edited by Öner Özdemir p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0155-0 Contents Preface. support during this period time. Öner Özdemir, MD Assoc. Prof. of Pediatrics İstanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Research/Training Hospital 3rd Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric