tom tat chu dong va bi dong ppt

TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI SUMMARY ON ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES THỨ TỰ THÌ CHỦ ĐỘNG BỊ ĐỘNG NHẬN BIẾT 1 HIỆN TẠI THƯỜNG • S + V ( +s/es/n.thể) + O • S + don’t/doesn’t + V( n.thể) + O • Do/Does + V(n.thế) + O ? Ex : The news surprises me. Ex : The news surprises Sam. • O + is/am/are + V-p2 • O + is/am/are + not + V-p2 • Is/am/are + O + V-p2 ? Ex : I am surprised by the news. Ex : Sam is surprised by the news. Often, usually, frequently, always , constantly, seldom, rarely, sometimes, occasionally, everyday/week/month 2 HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN • S + is/am/are + V-ing + O • S + is/am/are + not + V-ing + O • Is/am/are + S + V-ing + O ? Ex : The secretary is copying some letters now. Ex : Someone is building a new hospital. • O + is/am/are + being + V-p2 • O + is/am/are + not + being + V-p2 • Is/am/are + O + being + V-p2 ? Ex : Some letters are being copied by the secretary now. Ex : A new hospital is being built. Now, right now, at the moment, at present. Look! Be quiet! 3 HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH • S + have/has + V –P2 + O • S + have/has + not + V-P2 + O • Have/has + S + V-P2 + O ? • O + have/has + been + V –P2 • O + have/has + not + been + V-P2 • Have/has + O + been + V-P2 + O ? Just,ever,never,already, yet,since,for, sofar=until now = TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI Ex : I have just bought a car. Ex : Phong has done these excercises for 3 hours. Ex : A car has just been bought. Ex : These exercises have been done for 3 hours by Phong. =up to now = up to the present It’s the first time 4 HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN • S + have/has + been + V-ing + O • S + have/has + not + been + V-ing + O • Have/has + S + been + V-ing + O ? X Since , for All day… 5 QUÁ KHỨ THƯỜNG • S + V –P1 + O • S + didn’t + V-n.thế + O • Did + S + V-n.thể + O ? Ex : They bought this house last year. Ex : I saw them yesterday. • O + was/were + V-p2 • O + was/were + not + V-p2 • Was/were + O + V-p2 ? Ex : They bought this house last year. Ex : I saw them yesterday. Last, ago, yesterday , in + year(in the past) When, as (hđ ngắn) 6 QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN • S + was/were + V-ing + O • S + was/were + not + V-ing + O • Was/were + S + V-ing + O ? Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday. Ex : She was talking to them when I came. • O+ was/were + being + V-p2 • O+ was/were + not + being + V-p2 • Was/were + O + being + V-p2 ? Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday. Ex : She was talking to them when I came. At this time, time + yesterday, last….when, while TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI 7 QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH • S + had + V –P2 + O • S + had not + V-p2 + O • Had + S + V-p2 + O ? Ex : They had phoned me before they left. • O + had + been +V –P2 • O + had not + been + V-p2 • Had + O + been + V-p2 ? Ex : They had phoned me before they left. Before , after, when, as, as soon as,… Up to then 8 QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN • S + had + been + V-ing + O • S + had not + been + V-ing + O • Had + S + been + V-ing + O ? X 9 TƯƠNG LAI THƯỜNG • S + will + V (n.thể) + O • S + will not + V (n.thể) + O • Will + S + V (n.thể) + O ? Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park next week. • O + will + be + V- p2 • O + will not + be + V-p2 • Will + O + be + V-p2 ? Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park next week. Tomorrow, tonight, soon, again, next +… , in + year (in the future) 10 TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN • S + will + be + V-ing + O • S + will not + be + V-ing + O • Will + S + be + V-ing + O ? X - At this time + tomorrow 11 TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH • S + will + have + V-p2 + O • S + will not + have + V-p2 + O • Will + S + have + V-p2 + O ? • O + will + have + been + V-p2 • O + will not + have + been +V-p2 • Will + O + have + been + V-p2 ? - By + thời gian trong tương lai TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month. Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month. 12 TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN • S + will + have + been +V-ing + O • S + will not + have + been + V-ing + O • Will + S + have + been + V-ing + O ? X 13 TƯƠNG LAI GẦN • S + is/am/are + going to + V(n.thể)+ O • S + is/am/are +not +going to + V(n.thể)+O • Is/am/are + S + going to + V(n.thể)+ O? Ex: Mary is going to clean the room • O + is/am/are + going to +be + V-p2 • O+ is/am/are +not +going to be + V-p2 • Is/am/are + O + going to be +V- p2 ? Ex: The room is going to be cleaned by Mary - Hành động sắp xảy ra trong tương lai - Hành động đã được dự định trước khi nói 14 ĐỘNG TỪ KHUYẾT THIẾU • S + ĐTKT + V-n.thể + O • S + ĐTKT + not + V-n.thể+ O • ĐTKT + S + V-n.thể + O ? Ex: I can caryy the luggage. • O + ĐTKT + be + V-p2 • O+ ĐTKT + not + be + V-p2 • ĐTKT + O + be + V-p2 ? Ex: The luggage can be carried ( by me ) CÁC DẠNG ĐẶC BIỆT VỀ CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI 1. Verb of opinion : say, think, believe, report, hope, explain ……… A. S + V + That + Clause <=> It + Be + V 3 + That + Clause Ex : They think that he is a good teacher. => It is thought that he is a good teacher. Ex : People say that we will pass this exam. => It is said that we will pass this exam. B. S + V + That + Clause ( S 2 + V 2 + O 2 ) <=> S 2 + Be + V 3 +To infinitive or perfect infinitive Ex : People said that he had gone abroad. => It was said that he had gone abroad. Or He was said to have gone abroad. Ex : They believe that he is a good singer. => It is believed that he is a good singer. Or He is believed to be a good singer. 2. S + V + O + To + V (inf.) <=> O + Be + V 3 + To + V (inf.) ( advise, ask , force , encourage , invite , tell , allow , convince , warn ………… ) Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me. <=> Tom was asked to sit by me. Ex : She told him not to look for a job. <=> He was told not to look for a job. 3. WH – WORD + [ WILL/ DOES / DO/ DID ] + S + V + O ? <=> WH – WORD + BE + S + V 3 ? Ex : Why did you explain it ? <=> Why was it explained ? Ex : Where will you do these exercises tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ? 4. YES – NO QUESTION : DO / DOES / DID + S + V + O ? <=> IS / ARE / WAS / WERE + S + V 3 ? Ex : Do you solve this problem ? <=> Is this problem solved ? Ex : Did your mother make some cakes ? <=> Were some cakes made by your mother ? 5. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE : V + O + ADVER B <=> LET + O + BE + V 3 + ADVERB Ex : Write your name here. <=> Let your name be written here . Ex : Open your book now. <=> Let your book be opened now. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI Loại 1: IF S + V (hiện tại thường ) , S + WILL ( CAN, MAY) + V (nguyên thể ) Loại 2: IF S + V (quá khứ thường ) , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) + V (nguyên thể ) ( be luôn dùng were dù chủ từ số ít hay nhiều Loại 3: IF S +HAD + V – p2 , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) HAVE + P-2 . force , encourage , invite , tell , allow , convince , warn ………… ) Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me. <=> Tom was asked to sit by me. Ex : She told him not to look for a job. <=> He. <=> Why was it explained ? Ex : Where will you do these exercises tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ? 4. YES – NO QUESTION : DO / DOES / DID + S + V + O ? <=>. be + V-ing + O • S + will not + be + V-ing + O • Will + S + be + V-ing + O ? X - At this time + tomorrow 11 TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH • S + will + have + V-p2 + O • S + will not + have + V-p2 + O •