TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI
SUMMARY ON ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES
THỨ
TỰ
THÌ CHỦĐỘNGBỊĐỘNG NHẬN BIẾT
1
HIỆN TẠI
THƯỜNG
•
S + V ( +s/es/n.thể) + O
•
S + don’t/doesn’t + V( n.thể) + O
•
Do/Does + V(n.thế) + O ?
Ex : The news surprises me.
Ex : The news surprises Sam.
•
O + is/am/are + V-p2
•
O + is/am/are + not + V-p2
•
Is/am/are + O + V-p2 ?
Ex : I am surprised by the news.
Ex : Sam is surprised by the news.
Often, usually,
frequently, always ,
constantly, seldom,
rarely, sometimes,
occasionally,
everyday/week/month
2
HIỆN TẠI
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + is/am/are + V-ing + O
• S + is/am/are + not + V-ing + O
• Is/am/are + S + V-ing + O ?
Ex : The secretary is copying some letters now.
Ex : Someone is building a new hospital.
• O + is/am/are + being + V-p2
• O + is/am/are + not + being + V-p2
• Is/am/are + O + being + V-p2 ?
Ex : Some letters are being copied by the
secretary now.
Ex : A new hospital is being built.
Now, right now, at the
moment,
at present.
Look!
Be quiet!
3 HIỆN TẠI
HOÀN
THÀNH
• S + have/has + V –P2 + O
• S + have/has + not + V-P2 + O
• Have/has + S + V-P2 + O ?
• O + have/has + been + V –P2
• O + have/has + not + been + V-P2
• Have/has + O + been + V-P2 + O ?
Just,ever,never,already,
yet,since,for,
sofar=until now =
TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI
Ex : I have just bought a car.
Ex : Phong has done these excercises for 3 hours.
Ex : A car has just been bought.
Ex : These exercises have been done for 3
hours by Phong.
=up to now = up to the
present
It’s the first time
4
HIỆN TẠI
HOÀN
THÀNH
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + have/has + been + V-ing + O
• S + have/has + not + been + V-ing + O
• Have/has + S + been + V-ing + O ?
X
Since , for
All day…
5
QUÁ KHỨ
THƯỜNG
• S + V –P1 + O
• S + didn’t + V-n.thế + O
• Did + S + V-n.thể + O ?
Ex : They bought this house last year.
Ex : I saw them yesterday.
• O + was/were + V-p2
• O + was/were + not + V-p2
• Was/were + O + V-p2 ?
Ex : They bought this house last year.
Ex : I saw them yesterday.
Last, ago, yesterday , in
+ year(in the past)
When, as (hđ ngắn)
6
QUÁ KHỨ
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + was/were + V-ing + O
• S + was/were + not + V-ing + O
• Was/were + S + V-ing + O ?
Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m yesterday.
Ex : She was talking to them when I came.
• O+ was/were + being + V-p2
• O+ was/were + not + being + V-p2
• Was/were + O + being + V-p2 ?
Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at 6 p.m
yesterday.
Ex : She was talking to them when I came.
At this time, time +
yesterday, last….when,
while
TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI
7
QUÁ KHỨ
HOÀN
THÀNH
• S + had + V –P2 + O
• S + had not + V-p2 + O
• Had + S + V-p2 + O ?
Ex : They had phoned me before they left.
• O + had + been +V –P2
• O + had not + been + V-p2
• Had + O + been + V-p2 ?
Ex : They had phoned me before they left.
Before , after, when, as,
as soon as,…
Up to then
8
QUÁ KHỨ
HOÀN
THÀNH
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + had + been + V-ing + O
• S + had not + been + V-ing + O
• Had + S + been + V-ing + O ?
X
9
TƯƠNG LAI
THƯỜNG
• S + will + V (n.thể) + O
• S + will not + V (n.thể) + O
• Will + S + V (n.thể) + O ?
Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park next
week.
• O + will + be + V- p2
• O + will not + be + V-p2
• Will + O + be + V-p2 ?
Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park
next week.
Tomorrow, tonight,
soon, again, next +… ,
in + year (in the future)
10
TƯƠNG LAI
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + will + be + V-ing + O
• S + will not + be + V-ing + O
• Will + S + be + V-ing + O ?
X - At this time +
tomorrow
11 TƯƠNG LAI
HOÀN
THÀNH
• S + will + have + V-p2 + O
• S + will not + have + V-p2 + O
• Will + S + have + V-p2 + O ?
• O + will + have + been + V-p2
• O + will not + have + been +V-p2
• Will + O + have + been + V-p2 ?
- By + thời gian trong
tương lai
TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI
Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of
this month.
Ex : We will have finished our work by the end
of this month.
12
TƯƠNG LAI
HOÀN
THÀNH
TIẾP DIỄN
• S + will + have + been +V-ing + O
• S + will not + have + been + V-ing + O
• Will + S + have + been + V-ing + O ?
X
13
TƯƠNG LAI
GẦN
• S + is/am/are + going to + V(n.thể)+ O
• S + is/am/are +not +going to + V(n.thể)+O
• Is/am/are + S + going to + V(n.thể)+ O?
Ex: Mary is going to clean the room
• O + is/am/are + going to +be + V-p2
• O+ is/am/are +not +going to be + V-p2
• Is/am/are + O + going to be +V- p2 ?
Ex: The room is going to be cleaned by Mary
- Hành động sắp xảy ra
trong tương lai
- Hành động đã được dự
định trước khi nói
14
ĐỘNG TỪ
KHUYẾT
THIẾU
• S + ĐTKT + V-n.thể + O
• S + ĐTKT + not + V-n.thể+ O
• ĐTKT + S + V-n.thể + O ?
Ex: I can caryy the luggage.
• O + ĐTKT + be + V-p2
• O+ ĐTKT + not + be + V-p2
• ĐTKT + O + be + V-p2 ?
Ex: The luggage can be carried ( by me )
CÁC DẠNG ĐẶC BIỆT VỀ CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI
1. Verb of opinion : say, think, believe, report, hope, explain ………
A. S + V + That + Clause <=> It + Be + V
3
+ That + Clause
Ex : They think that he is a good teacher.
=> It is thought that he is a good teacher.
Ex : People say that we will pass this exam.
=> It is said that we will pass this exam.
B. S + V + That + Clause ( S
2
+ V
2
+ O
2
) <=> S
2
+ Be + V
3
+To infinitive or perfect infinitive
Ex : People said that he had gone abroad.
=> It was said that he had gone abroad. Or He was said to have gone abroad.
Ex : They believe that he is a good singer.
=> It is believed that he is a good singer. Or He is believed to be a good singer.
2. S + V + O + To + V
(inf.)
<=> O + Be + V
3
+ To + V
(inf.)
( advise, ask , force , encourage , invite , tell , allow , convince ,
warn ………… )
Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me. <=> Tom was asked to sit by me.
Ex : She told him not to look for a job. <=> He was told not to look for a job.
3. WH – WORD + [ WILL/ DOES / DO/ DID ] + S + V + O ? <=> WH – WORD + BE + S + V
3
?
Ex : Why did you explain it ? <=> Why was it explained ?
Ex : Where will you do these exercises tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ?
4. YES – NO QUESTION : DO / DOES / DID + S + V + O ? <=> IS / ARE / WAS / WERE + S + V
3
?
Ex : Do you solve this problem ? <=> Is this problem solved ?
Ex : Did your mother make some cakes ? <=> Were some cakes made by your mother ?
5. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE : V + O + ADVER B <=> LET + O + BE + V
3
+ ADVERB
Ex : Write your name here. <=> Let your name be written here .
Ex : Open your book now. <=> Let your book be opened now.
CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
TRẦN VĂN LUÂN C1-K46 ĐH DƯỢC HÀ NỘI
Loại 1:
IF S + V (hiện tại thường ) , S + WILL ( CAN, MAY) + V (nguyên thể )
Loại 2:
IF S + V (quá khứ thường ) , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) + V (nguyên thể )
( be luôn dùng were dù chủ từ số ít hay nhiều
Loại 3:
IF S +HAD + V – p2 , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) HAVE + P-2
. force , encourage , invite , tell , allow , convince , warn ………… ) Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me. <=> Tom was asked to sit by me. Ex : She told him not to look for a job. <=> He. <=> Why was it explained ? Ex : Where will you do these exercises tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ? 4. YES – NO QUESTION : DO / DOES / DID + S + V + O ? <=>. be + V-ing + O • S + will not + be + V-ing + O • Will + S + be + V-ing + O ? X - At this time + tomorrow 11 TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH • S + will + have + V-p2 + O • S + will not + have + V-p2 + O •