Đ C NG ÔN T P Ề ƯƠ Ậ GI A H C KÌ 1 MÔN TI NG ANH L P 11Ữ Ọ Ế Ớ A CÁC ĐI M NG PHÁP CHÍNHỂ Ữ I TENSES 1 Present simple (Hi n t i đ n)ệ ạ ơ Thì hi n t i đ n đ c dùng đ di n t ệ ạ ơ ượ ể ễ ả 1 1 M t thói[.]
ĐỀ CƯƠNG ƠN TẬP GIỮA HỌC KÌ 1 MƠN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 A. CÁC ĐIỂM NGỮ PHÁP CHÍNH I. TENSES 1. Present simple (Hiện tại đơn) Thì hiện tại đơn được dùng để diễn tả: 1.1 Một thói quen, một hành động được lặp đi lặp lại thường xun. Trong câu thường có các trạng từ: always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, rarely, every day/week/month … Ex: Mary often gets up early. (Mary thường thức dậy sớm.) 1.2 Một sự thật lúc nào cũng đúng hay một chân lý Ex: The sun rises in the east. (Mặt trời mọc hướng đơng.) 1.3 Một hành động trong tương lai đã được đưa vào chương trình, kế hoạch Ex: The football match begins at 5pm. (Trận bóng đá bắt đầu lúc 5g chiều.) 1.4 Sự việc, câu chuyện đã xảy ra (sẽ lơi cuốn người nghe/đọc hơn là dùng q khứ đơn) Ex: In my dream, I see a fairy. She and I fly around the world (Trong mơ, tơi gặp một cơ tiên. Cơ tiên và tơi bay vịng quanh thế giới.) 2. Past simple (Q khứ đơn) Thì QKĐ dùng để diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và hồn tất trong q khứ với thời gian được xác định rõ. Các trạng từ thường đi kèm: yesterday, ago, last week/month/year, in the past, in 1990, … Ex: Uncle Ho passed away in 1969. (Bác Hồ qua đời vào năm 1969.) 3. Past progressive (Q khứ tiếp diễn) Thì QKTD dùng để diễn tả: 3.1 Một hành động xảy ra (và kéo dài) vào một thời điểm hoặc một khoảng thời gian trong q khứ Ex: I was studying her lesson at 7 last night. (7g tối qua, tơi đang học bài) 3.2 Một hành động đang xảy ra (Ving) ở q khứ thì có một hành động khác xen vào (V2/ed) Ex: He was sleeping when I came. (Anh ta đang ngủ khi tơi đến.) 3.3 Hai hành động diễn ra song song cùng lúc trong q khứ Ex: While I was doing my homework, my younger brother was watching TV (Trong khi tơi đang làm bài tập về nhà thì em trai tơi đang xem tivi.) 4. Past perfect (Q khứ hồn thành) Thì QKHT dùng để diễn tả: 4.1 Một hành động xảy ra và hồn tất trước một thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác trong q khứ (hành động trước dùng HAD + V3/ed, hành động sau dùng V2/ed) Ex: Lucie had learned English before she came to England (Lucie học tiếng Anh trước khi cơ ấy đến nước Anh.) 4.2 Một hành động đã xảy ra nhưng chưa hồn thành, tính đến một thời điểm nào đó trong q khứ Ex: By the time I left that school, I had taught there for ten years (Tới lúc tơi rời ngơi trường ấy, tơi đã dạy được 10 năm.) II. Toinfinitive / Infinitive with to * Động từ ngun mẫu có to được dùng làm: Chủ ngữ của câu: To become a famous singer is her dream Bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ: What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand Tân ngữ của động từ: It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home Tân ngữ của tính từ: I’m pleased to see you * V + toinf hope: hy vọng offer: đề nghị expect: mong đợi plan: lên kế họach refuse: từ chối want: muốn promise: hứa pretend: giả vờ fail: thất bại, hỏng attempt: cố gắng, nỗ lực tend: có khuynh hướng threaten: đe dọa intend: định seem: dường như decide: quyết định manage: xoay sở, cố gắng agree: đồng ý ask: u cầu afford: đáp ứng arrange: sắp xếp tell: bảo appear: hình như learn: học/ học cách invite: mời would like offer: cho, tặng, đề nghị * Trong các cấu trúc: + It takes / took + O + thời gian + toinf + chỉ mục đích + bổ ngữ cho danh từ hoặc đại từ: S + V + Noun / pronoun + toinf Ex: have some letters to write Is there anything to eat? + It + be + adj + toinf: thật … để Ex: It is interesting to study English + S + be + adj + toinf Ex: I’m happy to receive your latter + S + V + too + adj / adv + toinf + S + V + adj / adv + enough + toinf + S + find / think / believe + it + adj + toinf Ex: I find it difficult to learn English vocabulary Sau các từ nghi vấn: what, who, which, when, where, how,… (nhưng thường không dùng sau why) Ex: I don’t know what to say * Note: allow / permit/ advise / recommend + O + toinf Ex: She allowed me to use her pen allow / permit / advise / recommend + Ving Ex: She didn’t allow smoking in her room II. Bare infinitive / Infinitive without to * V + O + bare inf let make had better would rather * Note be + made + toinf help + V1 / toinf help + O + V1 / toinf help + O + with + N Ex: My brother helped me do my homework. My brother helped me to do my homework. My brother helped me with my homework * Động từ chỉ giác quan Các động từ chỉ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find + O + V (chỉ sự hoàn tất của hành động – nghe hoặc thấy toàn bộ sự việc diễn ra) Ex: I saw her get off the bus Các động từ chỉ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find + O + V ing (chỉ sự việc đang diễn ra) Ex: I smell something burning in the kitchen III. Động danh từ, Động từ ngun mẫu & Thể bị động của chúng 1. Infinitive and gerund (to V và Ving) 1.1 S + V + to V 1.2 S + V + Ving Ex: She enjoys listening to music. (Cơ ấy thích nghe nhạc.) V Ving Một số động từ sau đây cần có Ving theo sau: enjoy (thích, thưởng thức), finish (hồn thành), postpone (trì hỗn), avoid (tránh), keep (vẫn cịn, tiếp tục), practise (thực hành), miss (bỏ lỡ), spend (tiêu xài, trải qua), allow/permit (cho phép), advise (khun), recommend (đề nghị, khun bảo), give up (từ bỏ), suggest (đề nghị), deny (từ chối), consider (xem xét), quit (rời bỏ), dislike (khơng thích), can’t help (khơng thể khơng), risk (mạo hiểm), mention (đề cập), mind (phiền), … * LƯU Ý: Sau giới từ (in, on, at, about, for, from, …) ta dùng Ving 2. Passive infinitive (to be + V3/ed) Dùng với nghĩa bị động, sau các động từ "want (muốn), expect (mong chờ, kỳ vọng), refuse (từ chối), hope (hy vọng), decide (quyết định), agree (đồng ý), plan (dự định), would like (muốn), fail (thất bại, hỏng), learn (học), afford (có đủ khả năng/điều kiện), manage (xoay sở), demand (địi hỏi, u cầu), prepare (chuẩn bị), promise (hứa), wish (ao ước), begin/start (bắt đầu), mean (định), … ". Khi làm bài, cần lưu ý nghĩa của câu là chủ động (V + to V) hay bị động (V + to be + V3/ed) Ex: They want to be invited to the party. (Họ muốn được mời dự tiệc.) SAI: They want to invite to the party. (Họ muốn mời đến dự tiệc.) Câu này SAI vì người đọc khơng rõ họ muốn mời ai. Trong câu trên, họ được mời (= ai đó mời họ), nghĩa đã rõ ràng 3. Passive gerund (being + V3/ed) Dùng với nghĩa bị động, sau các động từ "want (muốn), expect (mong chờ, kỳ vọng), refuse (từ chối), hope (hy vọng), decide (quyết định), agree (đồng ý), plan (dự định), would like (muốn), fail (thất bại, hỏng), learn (học), afford (có đủ khả năng/điều kiện), manage (xoay sở), demand (địi hỏi, u cầu), prepare (chuẩn bị), promise (hứa), wish (ao ước), begin/start (bắt đầu), mean (định), … ". Khi làm bài, cần lưu ý nghĩa của câu là chủ động (V + Ving) hay bị động (V+being+ V3/ed) Ex: I disliked being taken to the zoo when I was a child (Khi cịn nhỏ, tơi khơng thích được dẫn đi vườn bách thú.) SAI: I disliked taking to the zoo when I was a child (Khi cịn nhỏ, tơi khơng thích dẫn đi vườn bách thú.) Câu này SAI vì người đọc khơng rõ tơi khơng thích dẫn ai. Trong câu trên, tơi được dẫn (= ai đó dẫn tơi), nghĩa đã rõ ràng * LƯU Ý: Sau giới từ (in, on, at, about, for, from, …), vẫn dùng “being” B. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG: I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others : 1. A. change B. children 2. A. guitarist B. passenger 3. A. good B. gossip 4. A. change B. character 5. A. change B. hungry 6. A. hand B. bank 7. A. glance B. turn 8. A. money B. month 9. A. ring B. uniform 10. A. horrible B. hospital 11. A. calf B. climb 12. A. hour B. happy II. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY C. machine C. generous C. game C. cheese C. stronger C. sand C. nothing C. monkey C. hungry C. holiday C. world C. husband D. church D. village D. geometry D. chilly D. single D. band D. autumn D. monitor D. pretty D. honour D. glass D. hold Choose the best answer: 1. Two friends should be loyal each other A. on B. with C. over D. to 2. My friend often shows her …………….whenever I have troubles A. sympathy B. sympathize C. sympathetic D. sympathetically 3. Daisy is so ……………. . She only cares about herself, not about other people A. helpful B. selfish C. loyal D. talkative 4. My close friend is often concerned ………………all problem that I mention A. over B. with C. above D. into 5. In "Everyone has a number of acquaintances, but no one has many friends “acquaintances” means ………… ? A. people whom you know well and whom you like a lot B. people that you have met but do not know well C. people who work in the same company D. people with whom you share a room for a period of time 6. Friendship is a two – sided ………… , it lives by give – and – take A. affair B. event C. aspect D. feature 7. It’s important for her …………………… the office A. ringing B. ring C. rang D. to ring 8. They would ……………… go by plane than spend a week traveling by train A. like B. rather C. prefer D. better 9. The boss made ……………… for a meeting after work A. us to stay B. us stay C. us staying D. us to staying 10. I think your mother should let you …………….your own mind A. make up B. to make up C. making up D. made up 11. He finds it …………… lasting friendships A. difficult to make B. difficulty in making C. is difficult to make D. difficult making 12. We both heard him………………. that he was leaving. A. to say B. say C. saying D. said 13. There are too many people here for me ……………… to all of them. A. to talk B. talking C. to talking D. talk 14. Would you like to go now or shall we ……….…… till the end ? A. to wait B. waiting C. wait D. waited 15. They warned us …………………… near the beach . A. to not go B. not go C. not going D. not to go 16. Her father wants her ………… a doctor A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became 17. It’s a nice surprise …………… you here A. see B. seeing C. seen D. to see 18. The boy saw the cat . . . . .through the window A. being jumped B. jumped C. jump D. was jumping 19. My son started playing tennis when he was 10 years old A. At the old of 10 my son started playing tennis. B. At the year of 10 my son started playing tennis C. At the time of 10 my son started playing tennis. D. At the age of 10 my son started playing tennis. 20. She / got / has / long / hair / black/ a A. She has long a black got hair B. She has got long black a hair C. She has got a long black hair D. She has got a black long hair 21. me/ to/ with/ in/ They/ Florida/ invited/ stay/ them A. They invited them to stay in me with Florida B. They invited me with stay to them in Florida C. They invited me to stay with them in Florida D. They invited in Florida to stay me with them 22. She broke a glass of wine at the party and the wine poured into a strange man sitting next to her. She was in a very situation A. embarrass B. embarrassed C. embarrassing D. embarrassingly 23. I don’t like that boy because there’s a … … look on his face. A. careful B. illegal C. sneaky D. happy 24. He pulled a(n)…………… of 10 pounds notes out of his pocket A. sum B. amount C. piece D. wad 25. The children were ……………….about opening their presents A. interested B. fond C. keen D. excited 26. He was sure that the boy was a ………………….because he had stolen her money A. student B. thief C. customs officer D. journalist 27. Andrew …………the test before so he…………… it very easy A. did/ had found B. had done/ found C. was doing/ found D. did/ was founding 28. A burglar …………… into the house while we ……………. television A. broke/were watching B. broke/ watched C. had broken/ watched D. broke/ had watched 29. My close friend …………… this city 9 years ago A. had left B. leaves C. left D. leave 30. By the time Sheila got back, Chris ………………………home. A. had gone B. has gone C. went D. had go 31. While Diana …………………… her favourite TV programme, there was a power cut. A. were watching B. was watching C. watched D. watches 32. Where ……… John …………… two years ago? A. does – work B. do – work C. did – work D. had worked 33. How often …………… she ………… a newspaper? A. do – read B. did – read C. is – read D. does – read 34. When it rains heavily, John usually ……… at home. A. stay B. was staying C. stays D. stayed 35. I …………. him last Sunday A. didn’t see B. doesn’t see C. don’t see D. hadn’t seen 36. Karen didn’t want to come to the cinema with us because she …………… the film A. has already seen B. already had seen C. had already seen D. saw 37. Ann ………… tea very often A. doesn’t drink B. don’t drink C. didn’t drink D. hasn’t drink 38. People …………. English and French in Canada A. speaks B. spoken C. had spoken D. speak 39. Mr. Pike used to jog a lot A. Mr. Pike jogged a lot in the past. B. Mr. Pike is accustomed to jogging a lot C. Mr. Pike never jogged in the past. D. Mr. Pike jogs a lot now 40. My father hasn’t smoked for 3 years A. My father started smoking 3 years ago. B. My father stopped smoking 3 years ago C. My father quit smoking for 3 years. D. My father will continue smoking in 3 years 41. the/ during/ quite/ Britain/ much/ winter/ It/ snows/ in. A. It snows much quiet during the winter in Britain. B. It quiet much snows during the winter in Britain C. It snows quiet much during the winter in Britain. D. It snows in Britain quiet much during the winter 42. letter/ the/ ,/ opening/ the/ was/ telephone/ I/ rang/ While A. I was opening the letter , while the telephone rang. B. While I was opening the telephone, the letter rang C. While I opening the letter, the telephone was rang. D. While I was opening the letter, the telephone rang 43. A date that is an exact number of years after the date of an important event is a(n) …………… A. birthday B. celebration C. wedding D. anniversary 44. When they finished singing, Lisa …………… the candles on the cake A. turned off B. blew out C. cleaned up D. brought out th 45. The 25 wedding anniversary is called “……………” A. the golden anniversary B. the diamond anniversary C. the silver anniversary D. the iron anniversary 46. Children often receive presents from their parents at Christmas A. candles B. candy C. cards D. gifts 47. He is for his elderly parents A. paying attention B. looking C. caring D. taking care 48. Your …………… is the anniversary of the date on which you were born A. wedding B. birthday C. party D. congratulation 49. It is ……………… the directions A. you too kind to give me B. you very kind to give me C. very kind of you to give me D. very kind of you give me 50. John had agreed ……………… me in his office A. to meet B. meeting C. meet D. being met 51. It’s important for the figures ………………… regularly A. to update B. updating C. to be updated D. being updated 52. It is no good ………………… sorry for yourself A. to feel B. feeling C. feel D. felt 53. Anne hoped ………………… to join the private club. A. to be invited B. invite C. invited D. inviting 54. He is accustomed to ………………. very hard. A. work B. working C. to work D. to working 56. Isabel expected ………………… to the university, but she wasn’t. A. being admitted B. admitting C. to be admitted D. to admit 57. I tried ……………… the bus, but I missed it A. to catch B. catching C. to be caught D. being caught 58. The man wanted to avoid ……………on security cameras A. to see B. seeing C. to be seen D. being seen 59. His doctor advised him …………, but he found it impossible …………… his habit A. stopped smoking / quit B. to stop to smoke / quitting C. stopping smoking / for quitting D. to stop smoking / to quit 60. I enjoy ………… busy. I don’t like it when there is nothing …………… A. be/ do B. being/ to do C. being/ doing D. to be/ to do 61. Let’s hurry! We must finish ………………. the office before 3: 00 today A. paint B. to paint C. painting D. painted 62. It’s no use reading that book A. You should read that book. B. That book has not been used. C. I have used the book for a long time. D. That book is not worth reading 63. She usually spends one hour driving to work everyday A. She usually works one hour everyday. B. It usually takes her one hour to work on her car everyday C. It usually takes her one hour to drive to work everyday. D. She doesn’t usually drive to work ... D. was jumping 19. My? ?son? ?started playing tennis when he was 10 years old A. At the old of 10 my? ?son? ?started playing tennis. B. At the year of 10 my? ?son? ?started playing tennis C. At the time of 10 my? ?son? ?started playing tennis. ... C. At the time of 10 my? ?son? ?started playing tennis. D. At the age of 10 my? ?son? ?started playing tennis. 20. She / got / has / long / hair / black/ a A. She has long a black got hair B. She has got long black a hair... Bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ: What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie? ?on? ?the warm sand Tân ngữ của động từ: It was late,? ?so? ?we decided to take a taxi home Tân ngữ của tính từ: I’m pleased to see you * V + toinf hope: hy vọng offer: đề nghị expect: mong đợi plan: lên kế họach refuse: từ chối want: