Lecture responsible tourism unit 12 responsible tourism policy and planning for tourism authorities

UNIT 12 RESPONSIBLE TOURISM POLICY AND PLANNING FOR TOURISM AUTHORITIES Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Unit outline Objectives Topics By the end of this unit, participants will be able to: • Explain the importance of tourism to governments and the challenge of sustainable growth • Describe how to incorporate sustainability into tourism plans • Explain the importance of adopting a participatory planning approach in policy and planning • Explain the function of impact appraisals in tourism planning • Identify policy areas to create an enabling environment for Responsible Tourism • Identify instruments for achieving Responsible Tourism policies Tourism and its importance to government The challenge of sustainable growth Incorporating sustainability into tourism plans Using impact appraisals in tourism planning for sustainability Identifying policy areas to create an enabling environment for Responsible Tourism RESPONSIBLE TOURISM POLICY & PLANNING FOR TOURISM AUTHORITIES TOPIC TOURISM AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO GOVERNMENT Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Seminar overview: the role of governments in building responsible tourism What is the current importance of tourism to governments and why should we change what we are doing? TOPIC How can responsible tourism help maintain growth but create greater sustainability? TOPIC How can we best incorporate responsible tourism into tourism planning? TOPIC How can we use impacts appraisals to achieve responsible tourism objectives? TOPIC What policy areas should we address to make tourism responsible and what instruments are relevant? TOPIC Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Tourism’s contribution to the economy of Vietnam VND268,761.0bn VND129,969.0bn VND140,179.0bn 2012 2013 2023 DIRECT CONTRIBUTIONS OF TOURISM TO GDP IN VIETNAM: CONSTANT VND Source: World Travel & Tourism Council 2013, Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013: Vietnam, WTTC, UK Tourism’s contribution to the economy of Vietnam CONSTANT VNDbn % WHOLE ECONOMY GDP TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP Source: World Travel & Tourism Council 2013, Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013: Vietnam, WTTC, UK Tourism’s contribution to employment in Vietnam ‘000 JOBS % WHOLE ECONOMY EMPLOYMENT Source: World Travel & Tourism Council 2013, Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013: Vietnam, WTTC, UK The total economic value of tourism to Vietnam in 2013 US$6.2bn in direct GDP or 4.5% of total 1,831,300 DIRECT JOBS or 3.8% of total US$3.7bn in capital investment or 8.3% of total US$5.9bn visitor exports or 4.6% of total Source: World Travel & Tourism Council 2013, Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013: Vietnam, WTTC, UK Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Tourism is spurring on infrastructure development in Vietnam Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Tourism is driving investment in Vietnam “Hue invests billion VND in restoring traditional trade villages” (09/10/13) “Australia helps protect Ba Be National Park” (16/09/11) “PHU YEN LICENSES TWO TOURISM PROJECTS” (07/09/11) “Vingroup builds major ecotourism hub in Binh Dinh” (19/09/13) “POLAND HELPS PRESERVE HUE’S KING TU DUC TOMB” (12/08/13) “VND47 billion to upgrade dock station on Titov island” (24/07/13) “HA GIANG INVESTS VND 66 BILLION IN RESTORING DONG VAN ANCIENT QUARTER” (03/10/13) Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Expanding knowledge and understanding Action Areas 4.1 Public Sector (national/ provincial/ local) 4.2 Business Sector (manageme nt / staff) 4.3 Visitors and Hosts Key Issues • Lack strong government commitment for Tourism • Higher yielding-lower impact tourism not recognized • Lack of recognition of the importance of sustainable tourism • Stakeholder engagement to achieve effective sector functioning • Lack of understanding for the RT approach to planning • Lack of awareness on responsible businesses practices/operations • Importance of quality over quantity not fully realized • Low capacity in managing tourist & local community interaction • Tourists behaving inappropriately at tourist sites • Lack of information about local communities and customs • Improving treatment of tourist at the community level 4.4 General Population • Host communities not always happy with tourism • Low awareness on the importance of tourism Investing in human capital / resources Action Areas 5.1 Governance (public sector, all levels) 5.2 Business Sector (management and staff) 5.3 Local People 5.4 Employment & Decent Work Key Issues • Government / provincial / local staff with tourism responsibilities have little experience or training on tourism • Many tourism business managers lack to skills necessary to both operate efficient businesses or contribute effectively to RT • Staff of many tourism businesses have little understanding on sustainable and RT • Lack of skills for people living at or near tourism sites prevent participation and contribution to the tourism sector • Working conditions in some cases not at appropriate standards • Health and working insurance not comprehensively available Conservation and enhancement of resources Action Areas 6.1 Crosscutting Issues Key Issues • Overcrowding at sites • Destruction of resources by tourists / business practices • Commercialization leading to degradation of resources • Negative impacts from other economic sectors • Weak cooperation amongst local stakeholders at tourism sites 6.2 Natural Resources 6.3 Cultural Resources • Weak policy support for the conservation of cultural and environmental resources in tourism policies and planning • Businesses operating in environmentally unsustainable ways • Low awareness and policies, strategies related to climate change and the impacts on, and from, the tourism sector • Conflicting interests between agencies responsible for heritage conservation and tourism development/promotion Using instruments to support responsible tourism policies • Governments can use instruments to influence the sustainability of tourism • For best effect, all instruments should be applied in ways that are complementary and mutually reinforcing Instruments have different functions: • To measure levels of tourism and impacts • To control aspects of development and operation • To influence behaviour and impact • To encourage voluntary adherence to sustainable approaches and practices • To influence enterprises and tourists to make operations and activities sustainable Using indicators and monitoring to support responsible tourism policies • Set sustainable tourism objectives • Establish a baseline • Set targets for policies and actions to achieve objectives • Incorporate assessment and evaluation of implemented actions • Make provisions for continuous improvement Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using limits of change to support responsible tourism policies • Establish limits of economically, environmentally and socially acceptable change • Help manage levels of undesirable impact Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using national tourism laws to support responsible tourism policies • Set out the responsibilities of governments and their agencies towards tourism • Sustainable tourism principles should be incorporated into the preamble and the wording of articles to ensure harmony Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using regulations to support responsible tourism policies • Help enforce compliance • Can include: – Interactions with local environment and community – Allowable activities and forms of activities – Accessibility to places and / or frequency of use – Qualification requirements – Construction and building standards Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using land use planning & development controls to support responsible tourism policies • Influence the type and location of tourism development and activities • Can prioritise areas and sites for conservation for tourism activities • Can ensure sustainable land use Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using tourism impact assessments to support responsible tourism policies • Require developers to assess potential impacts of development proposals • Ensure sustainability by identifying costs and benefits to the economy, society and environment Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using taxes and charges to support responsible tourism policies • Business tax and tourist tax can help affect businesses and consumer behaviour • Charges can help control visitor numbers • Revenue raised can be used for management, conservation, or support local community development projects etc Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using financial incentives and agreements to support responsible tourism policies • Influence behaviour of enterprises by offering financial benefits for acting in a certain way • Can require enterprises to perform in a specific environmentally / socially / economically sensitive way • Can be used to assist particular types of sustainable tourism activities and direct government investments in sustainable tourism ventures Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using voluntary mechanisms to support responsible tourism policies • Non-legally binding codes of conduct and guidelines for visitors and enterprises • Help establish expectations or requirements of behaviour • Certification schemes can also be promoted to help improve quality standards Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Using supportive instruments to support responsible tourism policies • Provision of infrastructure and services - fosters tourism development • Capacity building - feeds demand for skilled labour and enhances local employment and income • Marketing and information services - support economic instruments, guidelines and certification, as well as facilitate market access, promote particular forms of tourism or products, and influence visitor behaviour Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com Xin trân trọng cảm ơn! Thank you! ... into tourism plans Using impact appraisals in tourism planning for sustainability Identifying policy areas to create an enabling environment for Responsible Tourism RESPONSIBLE TOURISM POLICY & PLANNING. .. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfill RESPONSIBLE TOURISM POLICY & PLANNING FOR TOURISM AUTHORITIES TOPIC INCORPORATING SUSTAINABILITY INTO TOURISM PLANS Picture source: Pixabay, www.pixabay.com The old days of tourism planning. .. responsible tourism Setting responsible tourism standards Promoting responsible tourism activities Managing natural and cultural resources responsibly Building capacity in responsible tourism Implementing