Unit 7 ECONOMIC REFORMS Part A Reading Do you think the picture describes people’s life in the past or today?Why have the living standards today increased a lot? It is thanks to the ECONOMIC REFORMS U[.]
Do Why you think describestoday people’s life in the past or today? have the the picture living standards increased a lot? It is thanks to the ECONOMIC REFORMS Unit 7: ECONOMIC REFORMS Part A: Reading Outline Before you read I Vocabulary While you read II III Task 1: deciding on True/False statements Task 2: answering comprehension questions After you read Scanning for specific details I Before you read – Vocabulary One of the most important measures to be taken to promote the development of a country is to constantly carry out economic reforms Being aware of this, in December 1986, at its Sixth National Congress, the Vietnamese Communist Party initiated an overall economic reform, commonly known as “Doi Moi” (Renovation) The aim of Doi Moi was to restructure the economy of Vietnam and to raise the living standards of the people I Before you read – Vocabulary Before Doi Moi our country experienced a lot of difficulties: the economy was under-developed and was dominated by traditional agriculture; the country was poor, the people led a poor life, production was stagnant; there was a shortage of schools and hospitals, and inflation could be seen in every sector of the economy To solve these problems, our Government introduced a number of renovation measures: they eliminated government subsidies; they shifted economic priority from heavy industry to three major economic programs, namely, production of food, production of consumer goods, and production of exports; they reduce state intervention in business; they open trade relations with all countries in the world and encouraged foreign and domestic private investment I Before you read – Vocabulary The subsequent National Congresses of the Vietnamese Communist Party held in 1991, 1996, and 2001 continued to reaffirm its commitment to Doi Moi, and called for more administrative and economic reforms Under the party’s guidelines, the Government adopted the Land Law in 1993 and the Enterprises Law in 2000 These have laid legal grounds for dissolving inefficient co-operatives, expanding more opportunities for farmers, and encouraging both domestic and foreign investment I Before you read – Vocabulary Since Doi Moi, our country has undergone substantial changes: productivity and agricultural exports have constantly increased, the farmers have enjoyed land use rights and have had greater choice on how to use their agricultural land, the workers have worked harder as their time is their money, and the children, particularly those from ethnic minorities have had more opportunities to enjoy education and training We believe that with the strong commitment of our Party and Government to Doi Moi, we will gain greater achievement and build a better life for our people I Before you read – Vocabulary Measure (n): phương sách, biện pháp National Congress (n): Đại Hội Toàn Quốc Renovation (n): (modernize) Đổi Mới; renovate (v): đổi Under-developed (a): phát triển, chậm phát triển Dominate (v): thống trị, chi phối Stagnant (a): trì trệ, đình trệ Inflation (n): lạm phát Subsidy (n): bao cấp, subsidize (v): bao cấp Government subsidies: bao cấp nhà nước Shift (v): chuyển đổi (move, change) 10 Commitment (n): cam kết (promise), commit (v) 11 Dissolve (v): giải thể (close, break up) 12 Substantial (a) lớn lao, đáng kể (signifcant, considerable) II While you read Task 1 Economic reform is the most important measure to be taken to promote the development of a country Doi Moi was initiated by the Vietnamese Government in 1986 Before Doi Moi, inflation was present in all branches of the national economy To make Doi Moi to be successful, the Government shifted only economic priority from heavy industry to three economic programs The Land Law and the Enterprises Law have encouraged both domestic and foreign private investment II While you read Task When and by whom was Doi Moi officially initiated? What was the aim of Doi Moi Name the renovation measures the Government introduced to implement Doi Moi How has Vietnam changed since Doi Moi? What we believe? III After you read Match each of the following 14 notes with its appropriate title: A VIETNAM BEFORE DOI MOI B THE GOVERNMENT’S RENOVATION MEASURES C VIETNAM SINCE DOI MOI III After you read 10 11 12 13 14 Economy: under-developed, dominated by traditional agriculture Reduced state intervention in business Inflation Worker: worked harder Productivity and agriculture exports: increased Open trade relations with all countries in the world Shortage of schools and hospitals Production: stagnant Shifted economic priority from heavy industry to three major economic programs: production of food, production of consumer goods and production of exports Country and people: poor Children: enjoyed education and training Encourage foreign and domestic private investment Farmers: enjoyed land use rights, had greater choice to use their agricultural land Eliminate government subsidies III After you read • Key: A: 1, 3, 7, 8, 10 B: 2, 6, 9, 12, 14 C: 4, 5, 11, 13