PowerPoint Presentation Facts about Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza spread and control Sponsored by Upcoming and On Demand Webinars To register for upcoming webinars, view an archive of today’s webi.
Facts about Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza spread and control Sponsored by: Upcoming and On-Demand Webinars June 7, 2022 “Biosecurity tips to mitigate Avian Influenza risks,” sponsored by Cobb-Vantress To register for upcoming webinars, view an archive of today’s webinar or see On-Demand webinars on related topics, please visit: www.wattpoultry.com/webinars Sponsored by: Boehringer Ingelheim Innovative medicines for people and animals for more than 130 years been what the research-driven pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim stands for Creating value through innovation for human pharmaceuticals, animal health and biopharmaceutical Boehringer Ingelheim believes that prevention is better than cure and therefore focuses on developing innovative solutions in the areas of vaccines With a rich product line of advanced preventive health products, tools and services, the company helps its clients caring for the health of their animals For additional information on products and services offered by Boehringer Ingelheim, please visit www.boehringer-ingelheim.com Sponsored by: Today’s Speakers Dr David E Swayne, DVM, Ph.D., DACVP, DACPV USDA Dr Stephane Lemiere, DVM Boehringer Ingelheim Sponsored by: Dr David E Swayne is the Laboratory Director (1994-present) of U.S Department of Agriculture’s in house high biocontainment laboratory for poultry health research He has a Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine (University of Missouri, 1984), M.Sc in Veterinary Pathology (University of Missouri, 1984), a PhD in Veterinary Pathology (University of Georgia, 1987), and is a board certified in Veterinary Pathology and as a Poultry Veterinarian For past 31 years, his personal research has focused on pathobiology and control of avian influenza in poultry He has participated in missions or conferences on avian influenza control and biosafety/biosecurity in 51 countries during the past 24 years He has published over 319 peerreviewed papers and 104 book chapters on poultry health issues, principally avian influenza and other emerging viral diseases, and has given 307 invited presentations on poultry health issues He is on the editorial board of Avian Diseases and is an Associate Editor for Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses He has also served as an Associate Editor and Advisor for Avian Pathology and Associate Editor for Veterinary Pathology Sponsored by: Introduction, History, Epidemiology, and Current Experience with High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza David E Swayne Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia, USA Thanks for Scientific Contributions from ARS Colleagues: Erica Spackman, Sungsu Youk, Mary Pantin-Jackwood, Christina Leyson, Darrell Kapczynski, Dong-Hun Lee, Kateri Bertran, Miria Criado, Jung-Hoon Kwon, David Suarez, Mia Torchetti, Mary Lea Killian and others (USDA/APHIS/VS, WS & ICG; USGS; NIH; NAHLN & State Dept Agriculture) Disclaimer: This presentation is based on current scientific data and is not an endorsement of any specific product or company Avian Influenza Virus • Small Virus (Orthomyxovirus) with protein projections on the surface: • 16 hemagglutinin subtypes (i.e H1-H16) • neuraminidase subtypes (i.e N1-N9) • Thus named: H5N1, H9N2, H5N2, etc • Vary in disease production (chickens): • Low pathogenicity (LPAIV): local replication mild respiratory disease and egg drop – virus in respiratory & digestive organs/tissues, surface of eggs; e.g H9N2 LPAIV but can be any H1-16 • High pathogenicity (HPAIV): systemic - deadly disease (some H5 & H7) – virus in all organs/tissues & inside and on surface of eggs; e.g H5N1 HPAIV • Can infect a variety of poultry and wild birds, depending on virus strain • Migratory aquatic birds are the reservoir of LPAIV Avian Influenza Virus Ecology/Epidemiology LPAIV (H1-16) Primordial Reservoir Exposure Adaptation HPAI (H5/H7) control varies with strain and country needs/resources • EMERGENT strains – stamping-out and eradicated • PERSISTENT strains – Stamping-out – Managed control (limited stampingout plus vaccination) National Wildlife Refuge Association LPAIV (H1-13) • Outdoor rearing • Outdoor access • Wild bird access to buildings • Environmental exposure H5/7 HA Mutation HPAIV Avian Influenza Virus Ecology/Epidemiology Domestic • Our understanding of the role Waterfowl for wild aquatic birds in LPAIV ecology/epidemiology of LPAI (H1-16) LPMs Primordial has developed since 1960’s Reservoir • A new paradigm Wild involving domestic H5Nx Gs/GD Exposure Aquatic Eurasian lineage waterfowl, and Adaptation HPAIV Birds multiple wild aquatic, predatory and periurban birds in H5/7 HA LPAIV the ecology & HPAIV Mutation (H1-13) epidemiology of Gs/GD Eurasian lineage of HPAI Terrestrial Poultry Terrestrial Poultry High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza 1959: Scotland, H5N1 1961: S Africa, H5N3 1963: England, H7N3 1966: Canada, H5N9 1975: Australia, H7N7 1979: Germany, H7N7 1979: England, H7N7 1983-84: USA, H5N2 1983: Ireland, H5N8 10 1985: Australia, H7N7 11 1991: England, H5N1 12 1992: Australia, H7N3 13 1994: Australia, H7N3 §14 1994-5: Mexico, H5N2 (LPAIV persists) §15 1995 & 2004: Pakistan, H7N3 16 1997: Australia, H7N4 17 1997: Italy, H5N2 §18 1996-present: Asia/Europe/Africa/N America, H5Nx (including N1, N2, N3, N5, N6, N8 reassortants) 19 1999-2000: Italy, H7N1 20 2002: Chile, H7N3 21 2003: Netherlands (BLGM, GRM), H7N7 22 2004: USA, H5N2 23 2004: Canada, H7N3 24 2004: S Africa, H5N2 (ostriches) 25 2006: S Africa, H5N2 (ostriches) §26 2005: N Korea, H7N7 27 2007: Canada, H7N3 28 2008: England, H7N7 29 2009: Spain, H7N7 30 2011-3: S Africa, H5N2 (Ostriches) 31 2012: Chinese Taipei, H5N2 §32 2012-present: Mexico, H7N3 33 2012: Australia, H7N7 34 2013: Italy, H7N7 35 2013: Australia, H7N2 36 2015: England, H7N7 37 2015: Germany, H7N7 38 2015: France, H5Nx 39 2016: USA (Indiana), H7N8 40 2016: Italy, H7N7 41 2017: China, H7N9 42 2017: USA (Tennessee), H7N9 43 2020: USA (S Carolina), H7N3 44 2020: Australia (Victoria), H7N7 §Vaccine used in the control strategy AVIAN INFLUENZA H5N X – DIVA TESTING Experimental Design of the Vaccination/ Challenge Experiment for the DIVA approach Day 10 (age) 1x vaccination 0.5ml sc 10 ck Day 31 (age) Challenge with HPAI 14 d p.c 21 d p.c AVIAN INFLUENZA H5N X – DIVA TESTING Challenge Strain Clade A/chicken/Egypt/128S/2012 2.2.1 Protection Vaccinated Challenge (10d pc) controls (at 48h p.i.) 100% HI Titer at 21 d pv Homologue Challenge antigen virus antigen (GMT) (GMT) 0% 11,5 < (neg) Shedding infectious virus (positive/total) Controls:10/10 2/10 (4 d pc) Competitive ELISA for the detection of influenza A virus NPspecific antibodies was positive at day 14 and 21 after challenge infection with A/chicken/Egypt/128S/2012 (H5N1) Group Vaccinated Chall control SNC* 14 d post challenge 3/10 30% Dead 2d p.i* NA 0/10 0% 21 d post challenge 7/10 70% Dead 2d p.i* NA 0/10 0% * Not vaccinated , not challenged: Strict Negative Control AV I A N I N F L U E N Z A H N X – L O N G - T E R M P R O T E C T I O N Highest level of seroconversion with the 2-vaccination regimen 8-53D > than 8-18D > than 8D alone ffff AV I A N I N F L U E N Z A H N X – L O N G - T E R M P R O T E C T I O N Highest level of seroconversion with the 2-vaccination regimen 8-53D > than 8-18D > than 8D alone ffff AV I A N I N F L U E N Z A H N X – I M M U N E F O U N D AT I O N Field experience Egypt - Monitoring of 15 broiler flocks vHVT vaccine group Live IBD vaccine group D0 Vector HVT-IBD vaccine - D7-11 Inactivated AIV H5 vaccine D14 - Live intermediate or intermediate plus IBD vaccine D22 - Live intermediate IBD vaccine D26-36 Serum sampling at time points [Shaimaa Ismael et al, Effect of Infectious Bursal Disease Field Vaccines on Avian Influenza Vaccination Immunity, Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2014, 43] AV I A N I N F L U E N Z A H N X – I M M U N E F O U N D AT I O N [Shaimaa Ismael et al, Effect of Infectious Bursal Disease Field Vaccines on Avian Influenza Vaccination Immunity, Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2014, 43] AV I A N I N F L U E N Z A H N X - D U C K S AV I A N I N F L U E N Z A H N X – P R I M E - B O O S T C O N C E P T Different antigen presentation Fowlpox: Cell-Mediated Immunity Inactivated: Humoral Immunity Boost directed to protective antigen (HA) HA HA NP M1, M2 NA Boost with a different HA to increase response against conserved epitopes (broader response) A AB B AC BC C ABC B + B B mainly A + B AB + ABC (2 shots of inactivated vaccine) (prime-boost) AV I A N I N F L U E N Z A H N X – V E C T O R VA C C I N E P L AT F O R M [AAAP, 2020] AV I A N I N F L U E N Z A H N X – VA C C I N AT I O N I N A N U T S H E L L Current challenge = HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AIV-H5 clade 2.3.4.4b Clinical protection of vaccination in chickens & ducks Reduction of AIV-H5 virus shedding Continuous support with on-going updates on AIV-H5 clade 2.3.4.4b cross-protection Continuous effort on serological monitoring systems – improved AIV-H5 B.E.S.T antigen & ELISAs Continuous effort on vaccination program designs using vector vaccines T H A N K YO U ! Copyright: The concepts, statements and data elaborated in this presentation are the intellectual property of Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH and are subject to current copyright law Complete or partial reproduction and passing on to third parties is not permitted Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Binger Straße 173, 55216 Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany Phone +49 (0) 6132 770 Fax +49 (0) 6132 720 info@boehringer-ingelheim.de www.boehringer-ingelheim.com Question and Answer Dr David E Swayne Dr Stephane Lemiere david.swayne@usda.gov Stephane.LEMIERE@boehringer-ingelheim.com Sponsored by: Thank you for attending! How can you grow your success in the agrifood industry with exclusive industry knowledge? Access products and downloadable information available only from WATT Global Media This includes a variety of Top Companies data spreadsheets and reports, Focus Series reports and heritage poultry canvas prints All are available for purchase Shop now! 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Visit www.wattpoultry.com Sponsored by: ... offered by Boehringer Ingelheim, please visit www .boehringer- ingelheim. com Sponsored by: Today’s Speakers Dr David E Swayne, DVM, Ph.D., DACVP, DACPV USDA Dr Stephane Lemiere, DVM Boehringer Ingelheim. .. www.wattpoultry.com/webinars Sponsored by: Boehringer Ingelheim Innovative medicines for people and animals for more than 130 years been what the research-driven pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim. .. Webinars June 7, 2022 “Biosecurity tips to mitigate Avian Influenza risks,” sponsored by Cobb-Vantress To register for upcoming webinars, view an archive of today’s webinar or see On-Demand webinars