Microsoft Word Template 3 doc TOEIC Grammar GLOBAL EDUCATION VIETNAM www globaledu com vn Sponsored by 1 Auxiliary Verbs 1 Introduction Auxiliary verbs (sometimes known as helping verbs) are verbs tha.
GLOBAL EDUCATION VIETNAM TOEIC Grammar www.globaledu.com.vn Auxiliary Verbs Introduction Auxiliary verbs (sometimes known as helping verbs) are verbs that are used to assist the verb There are two groups: Primary auxiliaries used mainly to change the tense or voice of the main verb, and in making questions and negatives Modal auxiliaries used to change the "mood" of the main verb Primary auxiliaries Be, do, have and their various forms are called primary auxiliaries (trợ từ chính) Be is used with other verbs to make progressive and passive verbs forms I am writing He was punished for lying Do is used to make questions, negatives and emphatic forms of non-auxiliary verbs Do you know where John lives? I don’t know Do sit down Have is used to make perfect verbs forms I haven’t completed my work She has acted in a film They had forgotten to send the letter Primary auxiliaries merely help to express statements of fact She is writing I am working You have done wrong He did not come in time They have arrived Sponsored by: TOEIC Grammar GLOBAL EDUCATION VIETNAM www.globaledu.com.vn Note that be, and have can also function as principal verbs (động từ chính) They are called auxiliaries only when they help other verbs to form their tenses (các thì) and moods (thức) You were wrong (Principal verb) You have done wrong (Auxiliary verb) She is a good singer (Principal verb) She is singing (Auxiliary verb) Modal auxiliaries 3.1 Definition The verbs will, would, shall, should, can, could, may, might, must, ought, and need are usually called modal auxiliaries (trợ động từ khiếm khuyết/khuyết thiếu) They are used with other verbs to express actions, events or situations that exist only as conceptions of the mind (nhận thức trí óc) – permissions, possibilities, certainty, ability, wishes, obligations etc They may also express simple futurity I can swim She will come I must go now Should I call them? She might come 3.2 Characteristics Modal auxiliaries have three common characteristics They are never used alone A principal verb is either present or implied I can fly an aeroplane He should behave Will you go? Yes, I will (go) Modal auxiliaries have no –s in the third person singular I can swim She can swim (NOT She cans …) I may pass He may pass Sponsored by: GLOBAL EDUCATION VIETNAM TOEIC Grammar www.globaledu.com.vn Modal auxiliaries not have infinitives (to may, to shall etc.) or participles (maying, shalling, shalled etc.) You cannot say to shall, to must or to may 3.3 Meaning of Modal Auxiliaries Modal Meaning Example auxiliaries Will Be willing to I will pen the window for you Intend to I won't be in the office until 11; I've got a meeting To talk about what will Ann will be 10 years old next month happen in the future Shall May Intend to (formal) Where shall we meet? Have decided to She shall ask the conference Be possible to Each nurse may be responsible for up to twenty patients Might It might rain this evening Can Can you be off next Monday? Would To talk about the past habits Can After dinner we would sit in a common room and chat for a while Be willing to She said she would be try her best to finish the work Polite requests and offers Would you like another cup of tea? Be allowed to May I have one? Could You can take both of them May Must Sponsored by: Be required to Every must be on time Be necessary I must stop smoking Be logically certain You must be very busy TOEIC Grammar GLOBAL EDUCATION VIETNAM www.globaledu.com.vn Should Be obliged to The equipment should be inspected regularly Ought to Give advice You should/ought to get your hair cut Need Ask for or give permission You need not work to day Sponsored by: ... principal verbs (động từ chính) They are called auxiliaries only when they help other verbs to form their tenses (các thì) and moods (thức) You were wrong (Principal verb) You have done wrong (Auxiliary. .. singing (Auxiliary verb) Modal auxiliaries 3.1 Definition The verbs will, would, shall, should, can, could, may, might, must, ought, and need are usually called modal auxiliaries (trợ động từ khiếm... usually called modal auxiliaries (trợ động từ khiếm khuyết/khuyết thiếu) They are used with other verbs to express actions, events or situations that exist only as conceptions of the mind (nhận