its me excel 16 grammar book

16 Excellen t!! EXCEL Let's s t learninagrt Gramma r~ NAME : Beaver Town Mr Onnie Mr Anderson Mrs Anderson Mrs Onnie Shawn Benny Joanna Penny Mr Taylor Mr Harris Mrs Harris Mrs Taylor Mr Lee Mrs Lee Gordon Doris Flora Mr Moss Mr Miller Mrs Moss Mrs Miller Alice Luc Owen Michelle 16 EXCEL Table of contents Unit Adjective Clause I 04 Unit Adjective Clause II 10 Unit Adverb Clause 16 Work out 22 Unit Reduction of Adverb Clauses to 26 Modifying Adverbial Phrases Unit Connectives that Express Cause 32 and Efect, Contrast and Condition Unit Phrasal Verbs 38 Work out 42 Unit Expressing Necessity 44 Unit Writing Letters & Postcards 50 Work out 54 U n it Adjective Clause I s ’ t e L rn! Lea Adjective clauses modifies nouns * It describes or gives information about a noun adjective + I met a famous U5-P17 noun girl noun I met a girl + adjective clause who is a famous singer Ex I talked to a woman + She was sitting next to me = I talked to a woman who was sitting next to me Who vs Whom You use who when you are referring to the subject of a clause or the object of a clause U nit Adjective Clause I Ex The man who lives next door is a dentist The man lives next door who (= the man) is the subject The woman who I wanted to see took her car outside I wanted to see the woman who (= the woman) is the object You use Whom when you are referring to the object of a clause whom is possible instead of who when it is the object of the verb in the adjective clause Ex The girl whom I met at a restaurant could speak Spanish fluently I met the girl * But whom is not often used in spoken English We usually prefer who or that, or nothing ● 41-71BG 31-71BG More Info : When who/that/which is the object, you can leave it out Ex Have you found the books you lost? = Have you found the books that you lost? The lady I met at the store was away = The lady who I met at the store was away The dress I bought had a hole = The dress which I bought had a hole s ’ t e L ractice P Read and change the sentences using who [Example] Owen is a student He is very punctual Owen is a student who is very punctual I talked to a guy He is funny Gordon saw a girl She lives down the street Choose the correct words I met a beautiful girl - I met a girl who is really (A) beautiful (B) beauty (C) famous I read a poem It was romantic - I read a poem which was (A) romantic (B) poetic (C) poet She talks to a handsome magician - She talked to a magician is handsome (A) what (B) where (C) who G GB17-13 GB17-13 U nit Gordon writes to a friend + He lives in Chicago - Gordon to a friend who in Chicago (A) lives, write (B) writes, lives (C) talk, lives Adjective Clause I Joanna sings to a bird + It listens very carefully - Joanna sings to a bird listens very carefully (A) what (B) where (C) which Use who or whom to put the sentences together [Example] a) Do you know the people? b) They live in the house with an orange roof Do you know the people who live in the house with an orange roof? a) The woman gave me some information b) I called her a) The police officer was friendly b) She gave me directions e r o M y r T Use who or whom to put the sentences together [Example] a) The people were very nice b) I met them at the party last night The people whom I met at the party last night were very nice a) The people have three cats b) They live next to me a) The man talked a lot b) I met him on the plane a) The man talked a lot b) He sat next to me a) Three fairies walked into my room b) I don't know them a) I talked to the girls b) They walked into my classroom U nit 1 The children live down the street in the yellow house are always polite (A) which (B) which (C) what I know some people live on a boat (A) whom (C) what The people we visited gave us tea and some light snacks (A) whom (B) who Adjective Clause I Complete the sentences with correct words (B) what (C) who My mother is a person I admire tremendously (A) whose (B) whom (C) what Oral practice Change the sentences using adjective clauses and talk to your classmates [Example] I met a handsome guy I met a guy who is very handsome I met a beautiful girl I talked to a new student + He lives in Hong Kong She saw a famous actress I sing to a boy + He likes music I wrote to my pen pal + She likes skiing I called my friend + She likes cooking U n it U2-P5 Adjective Clause II U1-P4 U3-P9 s ’ t e L rn! Lea Using which in an adjective clause ● - 'which' refers to things The party is fun U3-P11 + It begins at 8:00 p.m which which = The party which begins at 8:00 p.m begins at 8:00 p.m is fun Ex The book was expensive / I bought a book at the bookstore The book which I bought at the bookstore was expensive 10 71P-5U ut O k r o W Reduction of Adverb Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases Read and rewrite the sentence Ex) Since I've seen that movie before, I don't want to go again Having seen that movie before, I don't want to go again After he ate his lunch, Luc went swimming Flora called her father to give her a ride, while shopping for Christmas gifts Because they are so hungry, the little birds chirp constantly Because Jane needed one more credit, she took a course on English literature Reduction of Adverb Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases Read and fill in the blanks Ex) 42 (having been) Having been to that restaurant before, I don't want to eat there (have seen) _ that TV show before, I remember what the actors said (grow) _ up, young kids soon leave their home (have) _ spent so much time reading books, Shawn felt dizzy Connectives that Express Cause and Effect, Contrast and Condition Read and complete the sentences therefore because of due to the fact that the storm, we had to stay inside it was snowing, we could not drive She couldn't find her way home she was crying Connectives that Express Cause and Effect, Contrast and Condition Read and rewrite the sentences Ex) (therefore) Joanna was thirsty because she didn't drink anything for six hours Joanna didn't drink anything for six hours Therefore, she was thirsty (consequently) Benny didn't touch his lunch because he doesn't like to eat green peppers (therefore) Doris was sad because she saw a touching movie (consequently) Mrs Harris couldn't stay any longer because she had to go to a yoga class Phrasal Verbs Fill out the blanks with the appropriate preposition to complete the sentence out / around / away / on Make sure to keep a dictionary when you your homework I was _ for three weeks I went to New York for a trip They couldn't be bothered to cook so they ate _ last night Could you hang _ for a minute? She's on her way down 43 U n it Expressing Necessity s ’ t e L rn! Lea Expressing necessity You must go to the office right now must Your teacher is looking for you have to You have to give me your phone number Otherwise, I can't call you have got to 44 "Must" is stronger than "have to" "Have to" is used more commonly than "must" in everyday statement I don't have enough time "Have got to" is informal I have got to go! Present or future I have to / have got to / must study tonight Past I had to study last night U nit lack of necessity prohibition Tomorrow is Friday don't have to I don't have to go to the dancing class = It's not necessary to something You must not smoke inside the restaurant must not Expressing Necessity Lack of necessity and prohibition : negative = prohibition to something Advisability You should go to bed earlier should You should eat your breakfast before you go to school should = suggestion * Negative : You shouldn't go home I ought to study tonight ought to You ought to practice harder * Negative : You ought not to Study tonight had better You had better tell me the truth You'd better be there on time * Negative : You'd better not be late ought to = obligation "Had better" is stronger than "should" and "ought to" "Had better" can be a warning 45 s ’ t e L ractice P Read and complete the sentences (have to) I study tonight (must) You go home now! Your mother is waiting for you (have got to) I have a test tomorrow I (must) They study tonight bring back some clothes for you Read and fill in the blanks to complete the sentence must not / have to / doesn't have to Tomorrow is Saturday I don't You eat on the subway! He run in the hall ways It's okay She Gordon basketball in the house! 46 go to school sweep the floor play U nit [Example] Emily is crying She must be unhappy / sad Mrs Taylor has a big smile on her face A woman is wearing a big diamond ring Shawn only slept for hours Expressing Necessity Read and use "must" to make a reasonable prediction based on the given conditions 47 e r o M y r T Read and complete the sentences using should and ought to 61p You need your sleep You 72p not stay up late! A : I'm going to be late What B : You I do? run A : I am visiting France B : You 42p try their chocolate I have the hiccups What I do? Read and complete the sentences using had better and the verbs given hurry / take / change The movie starts in ten minutes We ( ) verb You can't wear a t-shirt to a job interview! You ( ) your clothes verb It's raining You ( ) your umbrella verb ， 48 11p U nit You drive when you are tired It's dangerous I live only a few blocks away from the park I Expressing Necessity Read and fill in the blank with 'don't / doesn't have to' or 'must not' drive there Mr Money is very rich He work for a living A : Do you have a stamp? B : Yes, here you go A : Thanks Now I go to the post office to buy stamps A : Did our teacher give us homework? B : Yes, we forget to it Oral practice Work with your partner and answer the questions using 'must / have to / have got to ' [Example] Q : What is something we must not in school? A : You must not run in the hallway! What are some things you have to today? What are some things you've got to soon? What are some things a driver must do? What are some things a person must not on the subway? What are some things a person must not in the park? 49 U n it s r e t t e L g n Writi s d r a c t s o P & s ’ t e L rn! Lea Write a letter 14 May 25th, 20 , Dear Shawn nwahS 50 d juice First, I spille y a d to y a d terrible , so I I really had a arly morning e e th in le b nd the ta ble on my skirt a ned up the ta a le c d n a t, ir nother sk changed to a had finished iz u q e th l, o i got to scho said I Then, when ry at me She g n a s a w r e teach already My uring recess d iz u q y m h d the wrong had to finis ie d tu s I t a th und the quiz, I fo I felt When I took e Therefore, d g d a b a ight I got day lesson last n finitely not my e d s a w y a d self Oh, to so mad at my u later n! Talk to yo o o s u o y to talk I wish I could Flora Flora arolF annaoJ U nit Writing Letters & Postcards Write an envelope srM Flora Harris 5482, 25th St NW rolF Vancouver, BA V2X a3X Canada Shawn Anderson 251 Deer Ave Shawn San Francisco, CA 9021 U.S.A Write a postcard Dear Flora, I hope you get through hard times wisely I wish you the best of luck! I might go to NY in July and take a long vacation I'll call you as soon as I come back To Flora Harris Take care, Shawn Anderson 5482, 25th St NW Vancouver, BA V2X 3X7 Canada 51 s ’ t e L ractice P Write a postcard to your friend using one of the pictures below Name Content Hi Name To Ending Signature Address, Number, Street name, Suburb, City, Country, postal code 52 Write a letter to your friend about your weekend Date Name Content Dear Writing Letters & Postcards e r o M y r T U nit Ending Your Signature Your name To whom Address, Number, Street name, Country, postal code Address, Number, Street name, Country, postal code 53 ut O k r o W Expressing Necessity Read and use 'have / has to' or 'have / has got to' to fill in the blanks (There could be more than one answer choice) Mrs Taylor Mr Harris work today Bye now, I leave My sister is waiting for me Do we go to the bank bring pencils to the test? Write a Letter and a Postcard Write a paragraph about each picture in 50 words Use all the grammar you've learned so far! 54 Grammar Check list Check off grammar patterns as you use them and complete the list Expressing necessity ( must / have to / have got to ) Advisability ( should / ought to / had better ) Lack of necessity : negative ( must not / / does not have to ) Look at the pictures and write a story about them in 50 words or more Use the grammar you've learned so far Grammar Check list Check off grammar patterns as you use them and complete the list Expressing necessity ( must / have to / have got to ) Advisability ( should / ought to / had better ) Lack of necessity : negative ( must not / / does not have to ) 55 ... home because of = Because of the rain, we stayed home = We stayed home because of the rain Because it was raining, we stayed home due to = Due to the rain, we stayed home = We stayed at home... which begins at 8:00 p.m begins at 8:00 p.m is fun Ex The book was expensive / I bought a book at the bookstore The book which I bought at the bookstore was expensive 10 71P-5U U nit Using whose in... form) or sometimes a past participle (-ed form, conveying a passive meaning) Changing time clauses to modifying adverbial phrases after before while since Clause : (Since) Joanna came to school,