Fossil Vertebrates of Arabia_2 potx

                                                                                                                                                        D.                                                                                               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                                                                                                                                                                             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                                    OF                                            l                                   /                                                                                                                                           D.                  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                                                             J.                               Methods and Materials                                  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                                                                                                         7).                                                                                                                                                                                                                             I                                                                                                                                                                                                J.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Methods                                              -            2%                                              Results and Interpretation               +      G±                                   c4  [...]... 1 999a A fossil hippopotanms from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Chap 21 in Fossil Vertebrates of Arabia, pp 2 71-89 ( ed P J VVhybrow and A Hill ) Yale CniYersity Press, New Haven mil J D KINGSTOX - 1 999b Fossil pecorans from the Baynunah Kingston, J D Formation, Emirate of Abu Dhabi, Uuited Arab Emi­ homirlid paleoenvironments rates Chap 22 in fossil Vertebrates ofArabia,... upper Baynunah Formation The range of o13C values represented by a compilation of Baynunah palaeosol carbonate analyses is most consistent with a grassy woodland ecosystem Unlike isotopic analyses of palaeosol compo­ nents that directly reflect aspects of palaeovegeta­ tion, analyses of fossil herbivore enamel as a prox y of vegetation must be interpreted through a series of filters as there is no definitive... two types of data reflect different spatiotempo­ ral aspects of the ecosystem Palaeosol carbonates typically form over hundreds or even thousands of REFERENCES years and thus preserve a palaeoenvironmental Ambrose, S record averaged over an interval spanning many topic ecology of East African mammals and DeNiro, M J 1986 The iso- generations of plants Lateral migration of C02 in 13 soil profiles is... ossil bone apatite South Africa1� Joumal o Science 8 3 : 7 1-74 f 1 99 1 The paleoenvironment of Km.yapithectJ,S at Fort Ternan Journal o Human Evo­ f lution 20: 95-129 Roelof fzen, H dissertation, University of Cape Town ···· 199 1 A�pects of the chemistry of modern ; md fossil biological apatite Journal ofArchaeological Science 1 8 : 343-54 Lee-Thorp, J A., Sealy, J C , and van der Merwe N J ... Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates SALLY 1\IcBRBRrr �-\rtificially f ractured f ragments of chert signal the level no doubt vastly accelerated the erosion of first entry of the human genus Homo into Abu Baynunah Formation sediments, which must for­ Dhabi At most outcrops of the Baynunah Forma­ merly have covered an area of many tens if not tion, the sequence is capped by a thick layer of 1 resistant... consists of flakes vvith breadth/length ( B/L) ratios of approximately 1 0 , and a simple pattern of dorsal scars.2 Although most artifacts at Artif acts occur here in the vicinity of the Shuwai­ Shuwaihat have a some\vhat crude appearance, their hat, site S2, Miocene fossil- collecting area ( N lack of elegance reflects primarily the poor quality 24° 0 6' 4 1 7", E 5 2 " 2 6' 04.0 " ) They are scattered of. .. partitioning Two specimens of ? Bra­ matheriurrt sp from the locality of Ras Dubay'ah yielded o13Ccnamet values of -l.6%o and -2.6%o, indicating a dietary intalce in the range of -16 to -14%o, which is essentially a pure diet A third enamel fi·agment from the same locality had a value of -5 6%o, suggesting a mixed C 3/C4 diet These data suggest that, unlike both extant members of the Giratlidae (which... Oxygen isotope variation i n the tusks of extinct pro­ boscideans: A measure of season of death and season­ Glimcher, M J , Cohen-Sokal, deRiques, A 1992 Stable isotope evidence for ir1 East Afiic a Ph D dis­ L., Kossiva, D , and 1 99 1 Biochemical analysis of fossil Paleobiolo 1 6: 219-32 gy enamel and dentin Hamilton, W R 1973 The lower �Iiocene rumi­ nants of Gebel Zelten, Libya ality Geology... Lateral variability in the o 1 3C of pedogenic carbonate collected from the locality of Hamra implies a heterogeneous environment None of the palaeosol carbonates analysed yielded o13C values indicative of open C.; grassland Vertical variability in the isotopic composition of palaeosol carbonates from local sections could reflect shifts in the relative proportions of c3 and c4 vegetation through time... 13 soil profiles is limited and the 8 C of pedogenic 395-406 Oecolo gia 69: carbonate is controlled by the local plant cover in I 0 m2 Unlik:e the mineral por­ Amundson, R G., and Lund, L J 1987 The stable an area of less than isotope chemistry of a native and irrigated typic tion of bone, which is in a constant state of flux natrargid in the San Joaquin Valley of California during an organism's lif .      ± 2. 0%o     -22 8     .        OF         