VAN HOA DAO BL/C TON G l A o T^p Clli Cong tac Ton giao MtlVGlVOlDMGCflrBljV GUA Gii TRI MilV TiJV PHiT Giio DAI THtTA Yen Son L^ TRUNG KI&N id tri nhan van tdn gido dugc hieu la gid trj nhan van dugc the hign dubi nhan sinh quan va the gidi quan efia edc tdn giao N d each khdc, gia tri nhdn van tdn gido Id quan diem, chfi tiifOng cfia cdc ton gido ve vigc xay dQng cac gid tii, hg gla tri va phUOng phdp, each thflc, chuan mpc de dgt dugc nhQng gid trj vi ngQdi, phyc vg ngud hodn thign ngQd va gidi phbng ngUbi dud gdc nhin cfia tbn gido • V d Phdt gido, dgc bigt Id Phgt giao Dgi thQa (PGDT), quy ehieu n d hdm cfia khdi nifim gid tri nhdn vdn vQa neu tten vdo tdn ehi, myc dfch, kinh diln, gido ly cfia dgo Phgt thi chfing ta se thay rat rd rang, ly tQdng, myc dich cfia PGDT khdng gi khac hPn Id dap Qng nhuhg tidu ehuan eua gia tri nhan van nhQ: vi eon ngQd, ygu thUbng, bao dung ngud, khang dinh nhQng gid tii tdt dgp ngQd xdy di,Aig va hQPng t d ; gidl thodt ngQd khd kho dau, kim kgp, ap bflc ve vat chat, tinh than; xdy dyng m d xd h d an Igc loan thign vd hgnh phuc Gido ly nhan bdn, bao dung va binh ding Nhdn ban Id lay ngudi Iam goc, coi ngUbl la trung tam, dsA ngud vao vj xflng dang giQ vai frd lam chu tQ nhien va xd hpi TQ dd ttan tt(png, tao dieu kien eho sy phat trien, hoan thifin cfia ngUd Trong Kinh Hoa Nghifim, mgt bg kinh lieu bleu cua PGDT, Dflc Phgt da khang dinh: "Con ngubi la hPn ca, vi cb ttie ttiQe hifin dupc tat cd sU tdt dgp"'" Dieu chiJfrig td mpt each rd rang cai nhin nhan sinh, nhan ban efia Phgt gido ve ngud va val frd eua ngubl Nhu d fren dd n d tu tubng PGDT dupc hinh tiianh fren chf nguygn muon giflp dd dupe nhieu ngud cung lu tgp, glae ngo vdi tinh than tg Ipi Id tha, gidc giae tha NgUbi thgc hign hanh Dgi thQa Phgt giao phdi cfing mpt lfie lam hai vigc trpng dgi: tiiuong cau, hba (fren thi cau Phdt dgo, dud thi hda dp chfing sinh) Cd nhu vgy mdi dUpc ggi Id cdng dflc vien man So sdnh SQ khdc biet glQa La Han (cfia Tieu thQa) v d Bo Tdt va Phat cfia Dgi thfla, Phdp su Thfch Nhdn Hoan Tnj fri chua Linh DQPng d Qudng Tay, Tmng Quoc cb v i d cudn Phgt phap va sinh mgnh: "Stf khac biqt giQa Phqt, Bo Tat vdi La Hin la d phtfdng diqn nao? Phqt lay nguyqn ItfC mong muon ctfu dq tat thiy chdng sinh lam tuu, Bo Tat hien ttf bi hanh dao cdu ddi lam ttfu La Han hien trituq lam ttfu""\ Nhu vgy hgnh nguygn va eon dUPng cfia PGDT Id muon cho tat cd m d ngud dupc giai thodt khdi kho dau va thyc hifin nhiimg hanh dpng thyc tien tinh than tQ bi de hign thyc hda myc Ufiu ay Dieu dd khdng gi ngoai tinh than nhan ban va bao dung cao ca Kinh diln Phdt gido van UiUbng ghi, vi long Uiuong tubng v d ngUd, vi hgnh phfic cfia ehung sinh ma DQc Phdt sinh b tten ddi '^' Ngupe ve hanh trinh xual gia cau dgo cua Thai tfi Tat Dgt Da ehung ta se thay rd Khi lan dau tifin ngai dgo chdi d edng thanh, Tbdi tQ da gap dfi ednh: gia, bgnh, chet va ngudi tu banh gidi thoat Ngay sau dd, ba eau hdi Idn da am anh than tam Ngai: - Con ngUdi tfl dau den? - Khi c h d sfi di v l ddu? - Muon gidl ttiodt ngud khd dau kho, smh, gia, benh, chet va nhQng kho dau ttong cupc sdng thi phdi lam the nao? Ba cdu h d Idn Id nguon goc n d tdm thuc day Thai tfi Tat Dgt Da rdi bd cung vdng dign nggc, vp dgp, ccn ngoan va ca ngai vang de di eau dgo Chung ta cung de nhdn thay, ba cdu h d ay deu tap tmng vao giai quyet nhQng van de xoay quanh mgt chfi the nhd: eon ngUbi Dpng cP va myc dich Phat dl tu la de gial quyet van d l ngudl, ngud cdt Id bfin frong chQ khdng pha eon ngud vat chat'" Dd la nguon g d ; cOa giao ly nhan ban Phgt gido Khdng chf dQng lgi d db, Phgt giao cbn mudn cho tat thdy chung sinh deu dupc gidc ngp, gldi thodt hoan loan D i l u ndy dUpc xdc dinh qua Kinh Pbap Hoa Bdn hoai cfia ChQ Phgt la: "Khai thi SSn-2015 ldp um uong iac ion giao chung sinh ngd nhap Phgt Tri Kien" va v i : : "Nhat thiet ehfing sinh giai hQu Phgt tinh" Ditc Phgt cd n d ngudn goe tam tdt ldnh san cb bat ky ngQdi ndo, kbdng phan biet cao thap, trai gdi Dd chi'nh la Phgt ti'nh san cd, tbQPng hang ttong tat thdy chung sinb Va vi ttie, neu b i d tu tgp mai dua ttii cai tam ttong sang dd se hien hp Db Id sp phdn tinh n d eau Id sQ ty gidc ngp Id Phdt DQc Phat khdng cau flm gidi thodi eho rieng minh ma v d Idng bao dung vb han dp, Ngai mong cau va ehi bay dudng gidi thodt cho t d Ihdy Phgt tin vdo ngUbi va xdc q u y d rang, al cung cb the tu tap d l Phgt, khdng phdn biet tang lyc, tgi gia hay xuat gia, Ngai n d : 'Ta /a Phit da thanh, chung sinh la Phat se (banh""' Khdng gidng cdc tdn giao khde, Phgt giao, md nhat la PGDT, khdng tuyen thuyet vigc phdi nhat nhat nUPng theo hay lam mpi vige vi dang gido chfi - DQc Phgt Thich Ca Bbl le, PGDT chu trUdng: "Phuc vu chung sinh la thiet thtfe etfng dang chtf Phqt" Tat ea Ipl ieh, cdng dflc, qud cfia nhQng Idi n d , suy ngbi, vigc lam tot dgp cfia ngud ttong cupc sdng khdng nen va khdng can phdi hudng ve cbQ Phgt, md hdy hQdng ve ngud, ve nhan quan, ve chfing sinh Ldm dflpc nhu vgy td da hifin ttiyc hda dUpc hgnh nguygn va eon dudng cfia Phgt Khi giao doan eua Ddc Phdt dl hanh dgo, vi khat ntfdc, Phgt dd vao xin nudc nha mpt ngudi nfl thupc dang cap Thfi Da La (ding cap thap nhat ttong xa h d An Dp) NgUbi gai nhd ay vi nghT minh thudc dang cap tifin hg nen ko ddm lay nubc dang cung Phdt Phdt n d : "Khi mqi ngtfc^ sinh ra, khdng he cd dau an giai cap tren tran cOa hq" va "mp/ ngtfi^ deu b'mh dang ntfdc mat cung man, ddng mau cung dd"'°' Khdng chi tbn trpng ngUbi, the hign tinh than binh dang ma Phgt giao cbn chfi thuyet nhan vj, dUa ngQd len dia vj nhdn chfi, sanh ngang vdi chU Phgt, 86 Tat vi chi'nh ngubi tiem tdng minh kha ndng nhgn thflc Ie phai, gidc ngp ehdn Iy" Vi vgy, Dflc Phgt n d ehung sinh va chu Phgt deu la mpng tdt phfic, nhb eung dflPng cd hai (Phgt - ngubi da gidc ngp va chfing sinh - ngubi se giac ngp) ma nhieu ngud se giac ngp Nhb chfing sinh va Phgt md Phat dgt gidc ngp, chl cung kinh Phgt ma khdng eung kfnh chung sinh" L d tuyen bo ay cfia DQe Phdt thgt Id cao ttiUpng xuat phat tfl mpt trdi tim nhdn hgu, bao dung vd binh dang nhgn ehdn ban e h d ngUd Dd la mgt sy khang tflnh SS11-2015 VAN HOA BAO Biic TON GIAO minh tiid, nhan ban, mdt bdn tdm ea cfia ddi song nhdn logi Gidi phong va giai thodt ngQdi bang anh sang chan ly, trf tue Cd dieu ta de nhgn thay la, ea tbn giao va chfi nghTa xa h d deu phan dnh khdt vgng ve gidi phbng ngudi tiiodl khdi khd dau, dp bflc, bat cdng, nb djch vd ngheo ddi GlQa tbn giao va chfi nghTa xd hgl khoa hgc cd sg khae bifit, nhUng x d ve muc Ufiu hubng tbi cfia chfi nghta xa hpi va Iy tudng tdn gido cd d i l m tUdng ddng nhat djnh, dilu da dupc eac nha kinh dien cfia chfi nghia Mdc Le-nin thQa nhgn: "Trong lich sO dqo Co doe sd ky CO nhQng diem giong ding Itfu•jfso vdi phong trio cdng nhan hiqn dai Ca dqo CO doc lan chit nghta xa hqi, cdng nhan deu tuyen tmyen stf gial phong ngtfdi tuang lai khdi cinh nd le va ngheo /f/id"(8.tr.48) Khi de cgp ve tdn giao vd nhQng diem chung cua cac tdn gido, Chfi tjch Ho Chi Minh da khai qudt: "Hqc thuyet cua Khong Ttf cd tfu diem ctfa no la stf tu dtfdng dao dtfe ci nhan Tdn giio Gie-su cd tfu diem cua nd la Idng nhan cao ca Chu nghia Mac cd tfu diem ciia nd la phtfdng phap lam viqc biqn chi^g Chu nghia Tai Dqt Tien cd tfu diem cua no la ehinh sich eQa nd thich hdp vdi dieu kiqn ntfde ta Khong TO, Gie-su, Mie, Tdn Dat Tien chang cd nhQng tfu diem chung sao? Ho deu mudn hqnh phuc cha loai ngtfdi, cho xa hqi Neu hq edn song tren ddi nay, neu hq hqp lai mqt cho, tdi tin rang, hq nhat djnh song ehung vd nhtfnhOng ngtfdi ban than thiet Td cogang lam hqc trd cua cae vi ay" (9, tr 134) Theo CO PGS, TS Nguyen Dflc LQ ly tubng va myc tifiu vQdn t d cfia tdn giao va chfi nghTa xa h d la trung hpp, sy khac bigt Id phUbng phap thuc hign ly tubng ay; "Muc dich cao ci cua Phqt Thieh Ca va Chtfa Gie-su deu giong Thich Ca va Giesu deu muon mqi ngtfd cd cdm an, io mac, b'mh dang, ttf va the gidi dai dong" (10, tt 5-10) Ngay thd ky dau cfia thd ky d d m d lien len CNXH d nudc ta, ddng chi Nguyen Van Linh, nguyfin Tong Bf thU Dang CSVN da cho rang: "A^yc dieh cua ChOa Gle-su va Thich Ca gidng d cho lam viqc thiqn, viec dqo dit the hlqn Idng thuang ngtfdi ngheo, ghet sa hoa phtf phiem, bdc Iqt, ip bOc nhin dan lao dqng" (10, tr 5-10) Dgo Phgt van dQpc g d la dgo cua IQ bl va frf tug Tfl bi theo quan d i l m cfia Phgl gido; thUPng 37 VAN HOA DAO BLIC TON GIAO yeu chfing sinh, mang Igi cho hg niem an lae vui sudng ggi Id "Tt/"; ddng cam vdl nci khd va thUPng xbt chung sinh, trfl bb noi kho cho hp gpi la "Bl""" NhUng cQu kho va ban vui ay phai dUpc thflc hign bang tri tug: tug thj nghigp, lay tti tug lam sg nghigp de gidi thodt chinh minh khdi dau khd, khdng me tin, khdng tham ehap Bang bi kien Phgt va bang tug giae efia bgc gidc ngo, Phdt dd khang (Snh, chl cd ngubi chQ khdng phai khdc mdi la ngud quyet djnh vd gdnh chju hgu qud nhQng vigc lam cua minh Den day, Phgt giao da phfi djnh sg ton tgi cfia Thupng de hay mpt dang bgc ed quyen nang nag db chi phd ngubi, dong thdi xac quyel ngUdi la chu the tgo lde nhdt frong cudc song cfia chinh minh'''' Khi nghifin eflli ve Phdt gido, nhd khoa hpe Charies Eliot phdi thdt Ien rang: "Lan dau tifin Ijch sfl Uie gid, Dflc Phat tuyfin bo rang sfl cQu rdi md m d ngQdi cd t h i dgt dupc cho chi'nh ban than hp, cho the gidi va cube ddi nay, ma khdng can bat cfl mgt frp lyc nhd ndo efia ThQpng de hay bat efl mgt dng than nao khac"'"' Day thflc sy la quan diem vd ttian, tien bp, phu hpp v d quan diem efia chfi nghta Mde-Le-nin Theo Unh than efia PGDT, de (Jep tan dflpc phien nao va gidi thodi dflpc kho dau, ngfldi hpc Phgt phdi cd tri tug Trong pham Nhgp phap gidi cfia Kinh Hoa Nghiem, mpt bp kinh tieu bleu cfia PGDT, Phgt khuyfin dg tfl cfia minh la Thign Tai dong tfi den cau dgo flm sg gidi thodt, phdi gap va thp giao 53 vj thi§n tri thQc TQ bgc tiudng gid den ngQd tu dgo Ba-Ia-mdn, lfl bac xuat gia theo hgnh Bo Tat den hang cu sy tgi gia tQ ngflbi dong nQ den bdc Dgi Thien tQ hdng Ty kheo den bge Dja ttidn, tfl vj ttiuyen ttQdng den bae de vupng, tQ bgc tien nhan den hang ngogi dgo, tat ca deu pbai cau hpe Mge tieu la de ndng cao hieu bid, p h d tiien tti tug Cd hieu b i d thi m d khdng bi me mb, ngu mupi, mdi sang s u d de eau tim ehfnh dgo Thifin tti thflc la nhflng ngud eb ttf tug loi Igc, Igi thign xao, kheo leo xfi tii nhCfng van de tQ nhan sinh cho den Phdt dgo, hg eOng thifin tdm chi bdo cho nhQng ngQbi cau thj cung dgt (jupc tii tug ay Theo Phgl gido, edc bgc thign tii ttiflc eb mgt d m d nPi, m d giai tang xa hd- Hp la k d tinh cfia tii tug cua tinh than, cfia dgo dflc, cfia ehuan mflc Qng xfl va van hda Tri thQc eua hp phu hpp vdi quy lugt bJ nhien va xa hgi (eai md Phgt gido g d Id Phap) Ma Phgt gido chfi tiiuyet, Phgt phdp chinh la phdp the gian NgQd m u d i gidi ttong dQbng dgo Tap chi Cfing tac Ton giao thi phdi thi^n xdo ttong viec xfi tti va hieu b i d edc phdp the gian Vige thue ehQng eac phdp t h i gian (cfing vigc hang cudc sdng) Igi Id cd sd de thdm hilu Phgt phap Dieu da dflpc neu len eg the Kinh Bao Dan: "Phgt phdp d tiie gian, khong ngodi the gian ma giac ngp, neu Ha the gian edu dgo B6 De khdc nao ngUbi ta di tim Idng eon Kia sflng ttid Id cai khfing ed"'"' Tri tug Phgt suy cho cung cung la tti tug cfia ngUd Vi Phgt Id nhdn vgt Ijch sQ, tu tap Uifle ehQng ma dgt gidc ngp Sau gidc ngp nhan le vd thUbng (khdng cb thfl gi iQ ty nhien, xa hbl den tU ngUd, la vTnh cQu va thubng hang mdi mal ehflng deu phdi tuan theo quy lugl: sinh - fry - di - digt; thdnh - tnj - hogi - khong), Dflc Phgt dd khuyen ngubl phai cd fri tug, nhdn sfl bien doi khdng ngflng de cb sy Qng xfi phu hpp, khdng dQpc chap tiydc, phai cb eai nhin va hanh dgng mem deo, Ilnh hogt neu Iam dQpe nhQ the ngQPi se ludn chfi dgng, an Igc ty tgi Dd la chan ly thubng hang, gian dj nhung kho thyc hien Gidc ngg sp vo thudng, Phgt gido eho rang, vgn vgt vu ttg khdng dQng yen Dieu ndy sau ndy dd dtfdc T r i d hgc Mdc-Le-nln kilm nghigm va khang djnh bang quy lugl vgn dpng va phdt frien Tfl cp sb Phgt giao khuyen ran eon ngUbl dQng tham dam dgc lgc cupc sdng, vl Id nhQng dieu khdng vTnh cfiu, ma nang cao tri tug, tham nhgp tii kien Phgt, de cd dupe cupe sdng an Igc mdi Id myc dieh cud cung V d fri tug cua minh, Phgt da chl bay d\o ngud di theo dubng chdn ehi'nh, xa Ha dgc vpng me md NhQng dieu dd dtfqc g d ggn frong: "Bdt Chfnh dgo": ehinh kien, chinh tU duy, c^inh ngQ, chfnh nghigp, chi'nh mgng, chfnh tinh Uln chfnh nigm, chfnh djnh Trong do: chi'nh kiln: nhin nhgn sy vigc m d cdch khach quan, cong bang, tin vao nhan qua va sy giai ttiodt; chfnh tQ duy: suy xet m d sp vigc theo dung le phdi, tQ v l nghTa chan ehi'nh cfia Tfl de de Iia tham, san, si; chinh ngif; nd Id chdn that, thing, khong thien kien, Iia md Id cfia khau nghigp; chfnh nghiep: hanh dpng chan chi'nh de than nghiep dQpe Uianh tjnh; chi'nh mgng: sinh song bang nghe nghigp luong thifin, frong sgch, lia m d sinh hogt bat chinh d l nghigp (Uidi, khau, y) dupe ttong sgch; cbinh Unh Uen: q u y d tam tu tgp, cbuyen can lam vigc nghia, bd dc lam \igc thign; ehinh nigm: nhd nghT ve chi'nh phdp, ggt bd SSn-2015 •aii bui Long iac i o n v a o m d td mgm xau ae de than tdm dupc tjnh; chfnh djnh: tgp tmng tu tubng vao mpt van de ehinh ddng, dung vdi ehdn ly de ttd vd lau tjnh Tdm n d dung tten khdng xa Ig gi v d eupc sdng ngUdi ma nd chinh la nhting vific dien hang ttong cupc song Neu Iam dung theo nhQng dieu Phgt dgy vbi tinh than va tii tug, cube sdng cfia ngud se dU(3c giai thodt khdi nhQng kho dau, phien nao, dgt dupc an Igc Dd cung chinh la c d tjnh dp, la cdnh gidi N i d ban ttieo quan diem cfia Phgt gido Xay dUng xa hgi a n lac, hanh p h i i c va toan thien Phdt gido chu ttUOng rang, Thupng de khong ban pbdt gi cd, than Iinh khdng dgt de va khdng mpt the lyc ben ngoai nao co the tgo sflc mgnh, uy quyen, sp cao thap cho ngubi khdc va cud cfing khdng cd m d quyen nang sieu nhidn nao co the mang Iai hgnh phfic hay dau kho cho loai ngudi: "Chl cd ta lam cho ta d nhiem va chl cd ta lam cho ta sqch' va "Dctf song ngtfd vui ttfoi hay dau kho deu ngtfdi quyet djnh va tqo Iqp lay", t d ca deu tam sinh khd y nifim khien cho chfing ta eb the hai Idng hogc bat man v d cube sdng ndy Cbinh vi le ay, stf d d cua Dflc Phat dap ufng dupe Udc mP cfia ngubi frong xa hdi thd dgi ay va cho den hnm nay, mai m d v l sau, Ngai da mang d d i cho lodi nguc^ mpt thdng digp ve sy an binh cupc song Id ta va frong mdi ngudi deu cd sQe mgnh cbuyen hda Chuyen hba tQ chfnh ttong sy nhgn thflc tdm thudng efia dgc vpng, tQ sy ham muon thuc day cfia dye di, va tQ sQ ham mudn dflt khodt xd bd tu giQa cai ta va cdi cua ta, thi Ific ay ngud da nam lay dQpe thong digp cfia Ngai va di den ben bb hanh phuc DQc Phgt dd dgy cho c;hung ta b i d rang, sQ nhgn ttiflc va hanh dpng cd chfi dfch cfia chung ta ttong hign lgi cung nhu ttong qua khQ nhu tiie nao ttii canh cfla hgnh phuc hay dau kho se ddn nhan ehfing ta nhu the db Chang m d khac cb the cho chung ta va nhgn lanb cbo chfing ta dilu ndy, dflng bao gib hao huydi, vpng tUbng va lam lan Xac dinh vflng chac nbU tiie, ttii chfing ta da thay dQpc mpt ttie gidi ma frong dd tam tQdng vd hinh hai cfia chung ta dtfqc xdy dpng mpt cdch hodn hdo hOn Neu chfing la hieu b i d ve sg binh dang va song frong ttie gid hJdng quan tuong puygn Uii m d \11-2015 mm^smsiEm dIdj ehae chan ma chfing ta cb dupe, la khdng cd sQ dau kho dan vgt ttong Idng moi ngud, mau thuan gifla ngflbi va ngud v d Nhgn thflc dflpc sfl cao quy tfl ttong tam ma eon ngubi, sg binh dang dd cd cfia md' ngud, quyen dQpc song am no, quyen dUdc tai tgo gia (5inh va xd hpi quyen dupe cat len Ueng n d chi'nh dang tgn day Ibng minh thi chfing ta se cd eO h d thay dtfqc stf tham song va mUu eau hgnh phfic cfia ke khae chien ttanh se cham dflt, khdt vpng lam hgi ngfld se dflpe logi trQ, va tinh yfiu thuong ddng logi se dupc tang ttubng, se lam hun due them Idig tQ bi san cb ttong Ibng m d ngudi Tinh yeu thuong dong logi ludn la mpt thupc Unh ludn cb san ttong frdi tim cfia ngud nd dong hdnh v d sy cam thii, va vb so thudc ti'nh khdc, nhien ngudi khdng ddm mgnh dan logi bd nhQng thudc ti'nh tifiu cQc va phdt tiien sy yfiu thuong dd NhUng ttiat sfl, cdi I d cfia eon ngUdI vin vao dd chinh la k i t tinh sy tham lam san hgn, tap cua ngu si, kieu hanh dyng nfin de r d lam lan ctf md bdm vfu vao chfing lam ddi song thgt efia minh de c u d eflng lam dau kho cho nhau, cho ddng logi cpng ton d frong xd h d Vi khong nhdn thay dupc Idng yfiu thQOng vb bb ben cd s i n ben frong tdm efia m d chung ta, dd, neu cQ sQ dgng mat tifiu cue cfia tam de gay ehien va phd buy, frong cb m d Irudng tu nhien, sy sinh ton phat tiiln, sy an sinh xa h d , sg ngheo ddi lan frdn, day ray nhQng bgnh tgt vo phQdng cuiu chfla la hg qua keo theo bat ngudi tfl viec sfi dgng mat ttdi tieu cpc cua m d ngfld Cho den nao ngUbi b i d van dung trigt d l sy binh dang vd Idng yeu thUdng frong cdi nhin sdu sac cb tu ttong hdnh dgng dudi sy giam sat cua lam thfic an ITnh sy tUOng quan cfia ddng logi khdng the tdch rbi hay logi trfl thi Ific ay fldc md cfia ngfldi dflgc sdng mgt the gidl thjnh vflpng, hba binh mbi kha df dupc kien tgo Cbn ngupc Igi chfing ta chi tgo them nhieu dau kho vbi va sy rfiu rao hda blnh ehf nam ttong sdch vd, ldm tudng va nam tren ban trdn efia nhittig ke tham vong ma khdng bao gid dUpc thflc hign Trong kinh Phgt thuyet Dgi thQa vb lUpng thp trang nghiem tinh binh dang gidc kinh (nguyen ban chfl Hdn), Dfle Phgt cb n d ve ed nfldc, the gibi ma Phgt gido hubng den: "Cdi ctfc VAN H O A DAO BLiC TON GlAO lac cd vd Itfqng cong dtfe, day dit trang nghiem, tuyqt khdng cd danh ttf kho nan, ic thtf, phien nao, cung khdng cd khae nghiet cOa ndng lanh sang toi, khdng cd ngan each bdi gd doi sdng bien, gai gdc da sol, dat da ntfi non chl la ttf nhien bang biy loqi chau bau Vang rdng lam dat rqng rai bang phang khdng cd han Itfqng, ky dieu ttf Iq, t/nh trang nghiem"'**' Nhfl vgy, ttie gid ma PGDT xay dprig se Id mgt the gid hda binh, khong cd giai cap, Iran day hgnh phuc, khdng ed dau kho b d chien franh va thien djch Con ngud v d ngUdi sdng frong tinh yeu thuong khdng bien gid Theo Kinh Bat Nha Ba La Mat Da Tam Kinh the gid db khdng phdi Id mpt vtmg dat ndo xa x d hay frong kiep vj lgi nao ma nb dupc kien tgo giQa tam ngQdi va hign thyc ttong cupe song Neu ngUd UiQc hanh dfing theo IPi Phgt dgy thi Tjnh dp Niet Ban khong phdi tim dau xa nb se dflpc tgo dgng hign thgc frfin the gid ndy'"* Ket lugn Cd the nd van h(3a tdn giao V I d Nam h d sflc phong phu Trong bQc ttanh tbn giao ehung ay phai ke den vai ttd efia Phgt gido, m d ton giao eb mat sdm nhat tren d d nudc Vigt Nam, dd dinh hinh va gop phan tgo nen nhQng gid tti van h(Da dgc sac cfia dan tge Va dii ton tgi dudi hinh thai nao till vdn h(3a Phgl gido cung eb phUdng tign the hign nhu la su "nhan hda" nhifin va nhan dgn hda xd hgl Nb the hign ve dgp nhdn tinh cfing nhu khdt khao vuon I d cai todn thign hodn my cfia ngud Hay n d edeh khde, gla tii van hda Phat giao ludn I h l hign bdn c h d nhdn dgo, nhdn van cfia van hda Trong lp frinh nhan hba tg nhifin va dgo dQe hba xa h d ay Phgt gido da hinh va phdt ttien nen tu tudng nhdn vj tUdng dol hoan thign U i l hign rd nhat kinh den PGDT Dd cung chinh Id nhflng n d dung cd bdn cfia gid ttj nhan van Phdt gido; gido ly nhdn bdn, ban dung vd binh dang; jy tubng gidi phbng, gidi thodt eon ngubi bang anh sdng chdn ly va tii tug; dinh hudng xay dyng mgt xa h d an lgc, hda binh vd hgnh phuc D l hien thyc hba ddpc cac gid bi ttong cube song eon ngubi vd ttong sinh hogt Phgt gido, dgo Phgt da hinh tiianh tu tudng PGDT va xdy dyng hinh tupng nhQng vj Phat, Bd Tdt v d hgnh nguyen cQu dp tat thdy chfing sinh vugt qua dau kho, phien ndo, dgt den cdnh gid giai Uiodt, an lgc Tieu bieu cho ly tudng cao dgp dd la cac hlnh tQpng Phdt: T^p chi Cong tac Tfin B Thfch Ca, A Di Da, DQpc SQ; edc hinh tUpng Bo Tdt: Qudn Am The Chi, Van Thu Pho Hien Dja Tgng Chuan De Tuy nhien nghien cQu vao kinh dien P h d giao chfing ta nen cb cai nhin mb va khdng c6 chap Bdi le, nhuhg hlnh tUPng ed the la nhQng ngud cd ttigt hign tgi, co the la nhQng ngUt^ ttong tuong lai, hogc thgm chf Id nhflng hinh mau ly tudng, eao dgp de chung ta VUdn t d nhu vUdn tdi nhulng gia ttj todn ehan, loan ttiien, loan my Db m d that Id chdn gid ttj day tinh than nhdn vdn cao ed ma Phgt giao dem den cho loai ngUdi • - Chu thich: HT Thfch Trf Quang (2004), Luqc giai Kinh Hoa Nghiem NXBTG Ha N d Thfch Nhdn Hoan (2008), Phqt giao va sinh menh, chua Linh Duong, Qudng Tdy, Tmng Qudc an hanh - nguyen ban tieng Tmng) Thich DQc Nhugn (1971), Phqt hqc tinh hoa - Mqt taig hqp dqo ly, Dgi hgc Vgn Hgnh xud ban, Sai Gdi Thfch Thanh Tfl (2006), Phqt phip tqi the gian, NXB Tdig hpp TP TP.HCM Sa mon Thich Thdng Bfiu (2000), Kinh Di$uphap Lien hoa Pham Pho mdn Quan The Am Bo Tat giing luqn, NXBTG, Hd Ngi HT Thich Tri Qudng (2004), Tu tUdng Phqt giao, NXBTG, Ha N d , Tdn gid Tjch Nhifin (Santldeva) (2007), Nhqp hqnh Bo Tat Bodhicaryavatara, ngudi djch Nguydi Hien Viet djch, NXB Tfin gido, Ha Nd C.Mdc, Ph.Anghen (2003), Toan tqp, NXB CTQG HCM, 22,tt.48 Vien Ho Chf Minh (1993), Nghien ctfu ttf ttfdng Ho Chi Minh, NXB CTQG Ha Npl, 2, tt 134 10 PGS.TS Nguyen DQc LO (2009), "Stf ttfOng ddng giQa ly tudng ton giio va fy ttfing CNXH", Tgp chf Cong tdc Tdn gido, (4), tt 5-10 11.GHPGVN (1994) Ttf dien Phqt hqc Han Vi^t, Phan vign Nghifin cQu Phgt hgc Ha Nd, 12 HT Thfch Tri Quang (2004), Tu ttfdng Phqt giao, NXBTG Ha Nd, 13 HT Thfch Tri Thfl (2002), eudc dau hqc dqo, Giao Didn an hanh TP.HCM 14 HT Thich DQc Nigm (2008), Phqt thuyit Dqi thi^ vo luqng thq trang nghiem tinh b'mh ding giac kinh, NXBTG Ha Nd15 Oai sQ Hoang Tdn (2012), Bat Nha Ba La Mqt Ba Tam Kinh, ngUd dich HT Thfch Phd Tug, GHPGVN HaNd SS 11-2015 ... mpt van de ehinh ddng, dung vdi ehdn ly de ttd vd lau tjnh Tdm n d dung tten khdng xa Ig gi v d eupc sdng ngUdi ma nd chinh la nhting vific dien hang ttong cupc song Neu Iam dung theo nhQng dieu... thign U i l hign rd nhat kinh den PGDT Dd cung chinh Id nhflng n d dung cd bdn cfia gid ttj nhan van Phdt gido; gido ly nhdn bdn, ban dung vd binh dang; jy tubng gidi phbng, gidi thodt eon ngubi bang... khach quan, cong bang, tin vao nhan qua va sy giai ttiodt; chfnh tQ duy: suy xet m d sp vigc theo dung le phdi, tQ v l nghTa chan ehi''nh cfia Tfl de de Iia tham, san, si; chinh ngif; nd Id chdn