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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 413 – 418 6XVWDLQDEOH&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ6WUXFWXUHVDQG&RQVWUXFWLRQ0DWHULDOV6&(6&0 0RGHORIWKHPDWXULW\RISUHFRQVWUXFWLRQVDIHW\SODQQLQJ %DPEDQJ(QGUR\RD $NKPDG6XUDMLE0XKDPPDG6DKDUL%HVDULF a Civil Engineering Department, Semarang State University, Gunungpati Semarang 50229, Indonesia b Civil Engineering Department, Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia c Civil Engineering Department, Institut of Technology Bandung, Bandung 40135, Indonesia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© 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ‹7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU/WG (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) 3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKHRUJDQL]LQJFRPPLWWHHRI6&(6&0 Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of SCESCM 2016 Keywords6DIHW\SUHFRQVWUXFWLRQSODQQLQJPDWXULW\XSVWUHDPDSSURDFK ,QWURGXFWLRQ 7KHUDWHRIIDWDODFFLGHQWVLQWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQLQGXVWU\LQPDQ\FRXQWULHVLVKLJKHUWKDQRWKHULQGXVWULHV>@,Q 86$DFFLGHQWGDWDLQVKRZWKDWWKHUDWHRIIDWDODFFLGHQWVZDVSHUZRUNHUVDQGLQWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQ   &RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HOID[ E-mail address:EEHQGUR\R#XQQHVDFLGEEHQGUR\R#JPDLOFRP 1877-7058 © 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of SCESCM 2016 doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.351 414 Bambang Endroyo et al / Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 413 – 418 LQGXVWU\ ZDV  SHU  ZRUNHUV >@ ,Q 8. 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