Nghiên cứu thiết kế và chế tạo máy in 3d phối màu

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI NGHIEN CLFU THlit Kt VA CHi TAO MAY IN 3D P H I MAU STUDY ON THE DESIGN AND IVIANUFACTURE A MDCED COLOR 3D PRINTER Tran Nggc Hien', Nguyen Ngoc H a \ Nguyen Van Cuong*, Nguyln Van Nghia^ 'Khoa Co khi, Trudng Dai hpc Giao thdng Van tai -Khoa Dien - Di6n tir, Trudng Dai hgc Giao thong Van tii TOM TAT Cdng nghe in 3D la mdt cong nghe tgo mdu tien tien, hiin dang Id mot nhitng xu huang phdt trien mai cda khoa hpc vd ky thugt hien dpi Hien trin the giai, cong nghi in 3D dd duac img dung viec tao sdn phdm cho cdc ung dung cong nghiep cdng nhu phuc vu dai sdng - xd hpi Bdi bdo trinh bdy cdc kit qud vi tinh todn thiit ki, che tgo mdy in 3D phoi mdu Cdc kit qud in thu nghiim da chimg minh duac cdc tinh ndng cua mdy duac thiit ki Tvr khoa: Mdy in 3D, FDM; Phdi mdu ABSTRACT 3D printing is an advanced prototyping technology It is one ofthe new trends in modern science and technology Currently, in the world, 3D printing technology has been applied in creating products for the industrial applications as well as for social life This paper presents the results of design and fabricating a mixed color 3D printer The printing test results have demonstrated the functionalities ofthe designed machine Keywords: 3D printer, FDM, Mixed color DAT VAN BE Trong ITnh vuc sin xuat hien dai, cac he thdng thilt k l CAD (Computer aided design), lap trinh gia cdng CAM (Computer aided manufacturing), gia cdng tren may CNC (Computer numerical control) dugc iing dung rgng rai Hinh Tir md hinh CAD t&i sdn phdm theo phuang phdp tgo mdu ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 nam 2017 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN cuu-TRAO D(!)l Hinh 1, thl hien mdt vdng kin tir thiet kl tdi che tao san phim Theo trinh tu thdng thudng tir thilt kl tdi chl tao, chi tiet dugc thilt kl, lip frinh gia cdng, sau dd gia cdng tren cic miy gia cdng de tao san phim Khic vdi trinh tu la cdng nghe tao mau nhanh (RP - Rapid prototyping) [1] In 3D li mdt cdng nghe tao miu nhanh dd sin phim dupe tao theo cac Idp in In 3D hien tai ed nhieu phuang phap in khic nhau, mgt sd phuang phip in phd bien nhu: SLA, SLD, SLM, LOM, FDM, DMLS Hau het cac loai vat lieu cd the dugc diing de tao san pham theo cdng nghe in 3D Vat lieu cd the d dang ldng, bpt hoac ran [2,3] Cdng nghe hien dang phit trien, ddi mdi va hoin thien, cd the tao cic sin phim tir nhua den kim loai Bii bio trinh biy phuang phap thiet ke, che tao miy in 3D phdi mau theo cdng nghe in FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) Cic kit qua thir nghiem qua trinh in tren miy in 3D vdi cac vat lieu ABS, PLA dat dugc cac chi tieu ve dp chinh xie hinh hpc cua sin pham in Hinh Phuang phdp in FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) Hinh 2, the hien nguyen Iy cua qui hinh in FDM voi hai vat lieu in co man khic Su dung phuang phap diin cac vit Ueu nhua nhiet deo dua fren nguyen tic Iam ndng chay sgi nhua dugc ling Iai thdng qua mdt diu phun nhiet fren mdt be mat Diu phun se chuyen ddng theo quy dao phiic tap de tao nen cac ldp nhua Quy dao dugc cung cip den may in dudi d^ng ma G code Mdi ldp sau ling lai se lien ket vdi ldp dugc in trudc dd vi ian hda QUY TRINH CAC BU'OiC THIET KE, CHE TAO MAY IN 3D PHOI MAU Quy trinh thiet ke, che tao may in 3D phdi mau theo cong nghe in FDM dugc th^ hien d hinh Tir khao sat, danh gii tdng quan ve cdng nghe in 3D, cic tie gia lua chpn diroc phuang an thiet kS v i thiet ke tdng the may in 3D fren co sd phan tich cic tiiiet ke hien cd nhir miy cua hang Reprap, 3DSystem, Sfratasys, ZCorp [4-7], Cic bg phan cua may in nhu bg phan in, he thdng dieu khien, ket cau thep duoc tinh toan tiiiet ke Trgn co sd do, thilt lap quy trinh cdng nghe gia cdng, che tao cac chi tiet, lap rip thinh tdng the miy Tien hanh in thii nghiem de dinh gia tmh nang ciia may duoc thiet ke :!:*ss!!ca==: Hmh Quy trinh thiet ke, chi tgo may in 3D phdi) HE THONG DAN DONG QUA TRINH IN Hinh 4, the hien he thdng dan ddng frinh m cua miy dugc thiet ke Dpng ca Iva dan dpng dau in 11 tinh tien len xudng theo ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd nam 2017 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN cuu-TRAO D I true Z thdng qua true vit v i true dan va Dau in dugc din dgng tinh tien theo true X bdi ddng CO thdng qua bd truyen dai Bin in 10 chuyen ddng tinh tien theo true Y dpc true din bdi ddng co 12 thdng qua bp truyen dai Cac dpng CO 1, 2, 3, 4, va 12 la cac dpng co NEMA 17 42H42HM-0504A-18 Ddng ca 3, dugc su dung de dan dpng true cudn day vat lieu nhira cho diu in Miy dugc thilt k l cd diu m chuyen dpng tinh tiln theo cac true X, Z Ban dd cd gin ban gia nhiet chuyin dpng tinh tien theo true Y D I tinh toin cic bd phan tiep theo cua miy m, cic thdng sd dau vio cho qui frinh tiiilt kl bao gdm: Vit lieu in PLA, ABS; kich thudc m ldn nhit 310x310x250 mm; chilu day Idp in frong khoing tir 0.1 mm den 0.5 mm Hinh He thong dan dong qua tnnh in ^ ^ ^f f Hinh Cdu tgo bo phdn in ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHi CO KHi VlfiT NAM, Sd nam 2017 www.cokhivietnam.vn JGHIEN c u u - T R A O DOI HE THONG DIEU KHIEN MAY IN Hinh 5, till hien ciu tao bd phan in bao idm ddng ca dan ddng hue cudn vat lieu, dau a, gia nhiet vat lieu m va bd phan Iam mat tl dim bio nhiet dp diu in Bd phin in dugc ;in fren gia dd v i trugt fren true din dl thuc lien chuyin ddng theo true X in Ddng ca sIEMA 17 42H42HM-0504A-I8 dugc su dung tl din dpng true cudn day Hinh 6, thl hien he thdng dien difiu khiln may m Chuang trinh dieu khign tii may tinh dugc chuyen tcri board dieu khien N4KS Gen VI thdng qua cdng USB hoac qua the nhd gin true tilp vdi board 06 ddng ca (true X,Y, 02 dpng ca cho chuyen dpng theo trye Z v i 02 dpng CO dun nhua) Cic cim biln vi tri, nhiet dp, man hinh hien th; dupc ket ndi voi mach dilu khiln qua cic mach vio/ra tuong img Cim bl(iiBhl^d.3 bin nhlft mr ClB b t a nliifi 0,3 siu In • d^niir^c cn£i diy Bo gb nhlec Slu to Dong ttt Bong cff irnc X trur V Den chien iing Hinh Kit ndi board MKS GEN VI.4 t&i cdc thiit bi dieu khien KET QUA Hinh 7, the hien ket cau may in 3D dugc thiet ke, che tao Phin mem Marlin dugc nhdm nghien ciiu lira chgn su dung Iam phan mem dieu khien miy in 3D Marlin li mdt chuang trinh dugc viet tren nen Arduino cho cac mach dieu khien may in 3D sii dung vi dieu khien hp AVR cua hang Atmel Vdi mdi thiet ke may in 3D, cin thiet lip cic thdng tin sau: Thdng tin mach dieu khien; ten may in; sd dau dim nhua; Ioai ngudn sir dung; cam bien nhiet dp; thilt lap kilm fra dn dinh nhiet di diu dun; nhiet tdi thilu cho phep; nhifit di tdi da cho phep; ddng dien cap cho bin nhiei thilt lap ngan chan su cd nhiet dp cho may in thilt lap kich thudc vimg in va tiiilt lip bp diei khiln LCD Phin mim Repetier-Host VI.6.2 dug sir dung dl tao chuang trinh G-code cho ma in 3D Cac thdng so fren phin mem Repetie Host phai dupc cai dat dimg vdi kit cau mayi 3D se sir dung ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd nam 2017 NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO DOI Hinh Mdy in 3D phdi mdu duac thiel ki, che tao Cac thdng sd ky thuit cua miy in 3D nhu sau: - Cdng nghe in: FDM; - Phuong in dieu khien true: He true X, Y, Z; - Vat lieu in: Nhua PLA, ABS; - Nhiet diu in: 80-250 do; Kich thudc sin pham in ldn nhit: 310x310x250mm; - Chilu diy ldp in: 0.1^0.5 mm; - Sd lugng cudn nhua tdi da: eugn THU" NGHIEM MAY V Hinh 9: a) In coc dan mdu; b) In coc hai mdu De danh gii cac tinh nang ciia may, qua trinh in thir nghi&m da dugc tien hanh vdi cac vit lieu in PLA, ABS Cic budc ciia qui trinh in tren may in 3D nhu the hien fren hinh [8] Thir nghiem miy vdi che dp in: In don mau v i in hai miu dugc the hien fren hinh KET LUAN Hinh Cdc buac cita qud trinh in trin mdy in 3D phoi mdu Md hinh may 3D da dugc thiet ke, che tao Qua trinh in thir nghiem vdi vat lieu nhua PLA, ABS cho thiy kha nang boat ddng tdt ciia may, dat dugc muc tieu in phdi hai mau vdi Mpt sd chi tiet dugc lap rap fren miy in 3D da dugc che tao bang cdng nghe in 3D thay the cho viec sir dung cic cdng nghe gia cdng truyen thdng May in dan miu vdi mpt*^ ISSN 0866 7056 TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd nam 2017 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHI§N CO'U-TRAO OOl dau vio vit lieu da dugc nhdm nghien cuu che tao cdng [9], Bai bio trinh bay cac kit qui ve thilt ke, che tao miy in 3D phdi miu vdi hai dau vao vat lieu in theo phuong phap in FDM thupc de tii cip bd ma sd B2016GHA-06 Miy in 3D phdi mau dat dugc cic tinh nang ky thuat yeu cau Nghien ciru dugc tai frg bdi Bd Giao due va Dio tao thdng qua de tai ma sd B2016-GHA-06.*:* Ngiy nhin bii: 05/6/2017 Ngay phan bien: 20/6/2017 Tai liSu tham khao: [1] Tran Nggc Hien, Tran Nggc Tu (2012); Tich hop ky thual thiit ki nguac vd cong nghi tgo mdu nhanh chi lao ca Tap chi Khoa hpc va Cong nghe, Dai hpc Da Nang, s6 10 (59) Ali Kamrani, Emad Abouel Nar (2006), Rapid prototyping: Theory and practice Springer [3] Grzegorz Budzik (2011), The use ofthe rapid prototyping methodfor the manufacture and examination of gear wheels, in Advanced applications of rapid prototyping technology in modem engineering, InTech publisher http://www.reprap.org http://web.sfratasys.com http ://www.3dsystems.com http://www.zcorp.com Hong Seok Park, Ngoc Hien Tran (2015), Computer aided process planning for 3D printing, Joumal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers, 24 (2),pp.l48-154 [9] Trin Ngpc Hiln, Bui Van Hung (2017); Nghien ciru thiet ke vd chi tgo mdy in 3DFDM, Tap chi Khoa hpc va Cong nghe Viet Nam, sd 12 (1),frang32-36 [2] ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHf CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd nam 2017 www.cokhivietnam.vn ... nghiem qua trinh in tren miy in 3D vdi cac vat lieu ABS, PLA dat dugc cac chi tieu ve dp chinh xie hinh hpc cua sin pham in Hinh Phuang phdp in FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) Hinh 2, the hien... vit lieu in PLA, ABS Cic budc ciia qui trinh in tren may in 3D nhu the hien fren hinh [8] Thir nghiem miy vdi che dp in: In don mau v i in hai miu dugc the hien fren hinh KET LUAN Hinh Cdc buac... dieu khien miy in 3D Marlin li mdt chuang trinh dugc viet tren nen Arduino cho cac mach dieu khien may in 3D sii dung vi dieu khien hp AVR cua hang Atmel Vdi mdi thiet ke may in 3D, cin thiet lip