THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
NGHIEN CLfU-TRAO D O I XAC DjNH TAI TRONG DONG TAC D O N G LEN V6 CAU CHO DONG XE TAI NHE SAN XUAT, LAP RAP TAI VIET NAM' \ DETERMINATION OF DYNAMIC FORCES IMPACT ON HOUSING OF DRTONG AXLE IN LIGHT TRUCK PRODUCED AND ASSEMBLED IN VIETNAM Trin Phiic Hoa', Trinh Minh Hoang", Li Hong Qnan' 'Vien Cfl Bdmg lac, Trflcmg Dai hgc Bich Khoa H i Noi 'Khoa Cdng nghe O to Trudng Dai hgc Cong nghiep H i NOi T6MTAT Bl cd the tiln tdi tUsdn xuat hodn diinh cdc cum vd cdc hi thing cho cdc sdn pham d td che ^ L l i a '^P ">• ^'^ N""" ^'"'"^ "• ct" phii cd ddu tu chiiu sdu cho linh vUc nghien ci2u phat trien ^ ^ ^ ^ d chdt lUdng cao Trong do, Uu tiln cdn dUdc danh cho cdc nghien du vl thiit kl, chi tgn cSTciim chl tilt trin d to, bao gdm c6 cau chii Oong Trong qud trinh Idm vile, vd cdu phdi chiu tdc dung cua cac tdi ddng phu thudc cd vdo tdc ddng dieu khien cia ngUdi Idi ISn diiu kiin dudng xd SU bien thien did tdi trongdonggdy nln hiin tudnghuhdngdo mdildmgidm tuSi tho cda vd cdu Bdi bdo t^p trung trinh bdy nghiin cau ve phUdng phdp vd md hinh xde dinh cdc tdi ddng tdc ddng Un vd cdu chu ddng td tdi Mb Hnh dd dUdc xdy dUng dUa trin md Unh ddng lUc hoc d td tdi Cdc khda sdt vl tdi ddng dd dUdc thUc hiln vdi cdc kich thich til cdc dilu kiln thUc ti'khi xe chuyin ddnn trln dudng ^ Tfl khOa: Vd cau chu ddng xe tdi nhe, mdhinh ddng lUc hoc, phanh, quay vdng, tieu chuan ISO 8o08:1995, ABSTRACT To be able to proceed a complete production far systems of automobile products manufactured and assembled m Vietnam, we need to have in-depth investment for development research with high qualify In particular, priority should be given to research on the design and manufacture of details on vehicle, m which there is driving axle In the working process, the driving axle housing is influenced by the dynamic forces which are depended both on the driver control and road conditions The variation of dynamic forces caused by fatigue damage phenomenon reduces the durability ofthe housing This paper focus on methods and model to determine the dynamic forces an the driving axle housing This model IS based on a dynamic model afUght truck The study on dynamic fimes has been done with the real conditions when vehicle moving an the road o „ „ ^^^^o^^Driving axle housing light truck, dynamic model, break, turn around, ISO 8608:1995 standard O- ISSN0866-70S6 T*P CHl CO KH( VI$T NAM, S6 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN CCfU-TRAO D(!)l sfl dung tai \^ft Nam mdi diing lai d bdi todn tinh ben theo tai trpng tinh Cac ket qua ndy c6a 1.1 Hiiic trang va sii ph^t tri^n cua linh viic bi gidi han tiong cac trfldng h ^ c6 di^n, chi& phan dnh dflOc trang thai chiu tdi chinh cfla cau san xaSt to tai d ^ e t Nam chuyen ddng tren dfldng TONG QUAN Nganh Cong nghiep to Viet Nam bat dau hinh tU nhflng nam dau th|p nien 90 cua the ky tnidc va phat tri& manh sau nhflng nam 2000 Mac dii da dat dfltfc mot so tiiu, nhiing Viet Nam hien van dang sd hflu mot ng^nh Cong nghidp td quy mo nhd vdi cong nghf lac hau Trong linh viic san xuat to tai, mac du diiOc hiidng nhieu chinh sach liu dai cua Chinh phu nhiing cung dang d mpt tinh trang khdng may kha quan Hau het cac doanh nghi?p td Viet Nam mdi chi san xuat dfldc m^t sd s ^ phSm ciia khung v6, thimg be, ca bin Toin bp phan mdy mdc tif ddng co, he thdng truygn lUc den cic he thdng dieu khien, deu dfldc nhap khau tif nflde ngo4i, dd phan ldn la tif Trung Qudc va Hdn Qu6c Trfldc tinh hinh tr^n, de cd the tien tdi ti^ sdn xudt hodn chmh cac cym vd cac h^ thdng cho d td, thi cdn phdi cd ddu tfl chieu sau, d^ic bi^t la dau tii cho linh vflc nghien cflu phat tri& sdn pham cd chat Ifl^ng cao Trong dd, flu tien hang dau can dflOc ddnh cho cac nghien cflu sau phuc vy cho vifc thiet k^ chi tao cac bo phan, dd cd cau chu dpng Tay nhiin, hi?n cd rat it cac de tdi nghien cflu ve CO sd tiiiet ki cdu chfl ddng Cho den nam 2010, mdi chi cd nhat mdt di tdi "Nghian cflu thiet ke va chi t^o cym cau sau sfl dung cho cdc lo9i d td tai nhd tai trpng den tan" thudc Chflong trmh trpng diem cdp Nha nflde KC.05, da dflpc tiii^c hifn t^ TSng cong ty Mdy dpn^ l\fc vd May ndng nghifp Viet Nam (VEAM) Tuy nhien, di tdi mdi t^p trung chu y^u vdo cdt^ nghe chi tao, ehfla ddu tfl nghien cflu sau vi cO sd ly thuyet Ngodi mdt sd tai lieu sdch, giao trmh ve thi^t k§ tinh toan cau chu ddng hien 1.2 Vo c^u chii dong td tai Cau chfl dOng bao gom, cac bd ph|n cudi cimg tien dfldng truyen cdng suat tfl dpng ca den cac banh xe chu ddng Trong dd, vd c3n Id bd phdn ehfla tat ca cdc bd ph|n tiuyen lifc ddng thdi nd lam viee nhfl mot ddm dd Iflong cua than xe vk phai chiu tac ddng cua cac tdi tiong tfl tiidng tac banh xe - dfldng Vi vay, ket cdu cua vd cau phai ddm bdo dp ben va dac bi^t la cflng vflng de khdng anh hfldng d^n dilu kien lam vi^c cfla cdc bd phdn ben Hifn nay, cdu tnic cua vd can kha ^a dang, phu thu0c vao cau tao ciia cac bd p h ^ b^n vd k a cdu cua hf thdng treo [1] Trong do, vd can loai dam liln rong gifla (banjo type) dtt^c ehl tao Uln khdi vdi vung gifla rdng ed hai phia (hinh 1) hifn dang dfldc sfl dung rdng rdi cho ddng xe tai nhd Nd cd kha ndng chiu Iflc thSi^ dflng rat tdt, hiy nhifn, kha ndng chiu cdc liic dpc nhfl Iflc keo vd liic phanh Iai kem tfu diem ndi b^t ciia loai vd cau Id viec thao Idp cijra TLC vd vi sai rgt thuan tien, giam dflOc nhi& cdng sflc qud trinh bdo dfldng, sfla chfiaiA Hinh Cdu t^o vd cdu loai ddm liin, r&ng^Qa (banjo type) ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHI CO KHJ VIST NAM S6 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHlfeN CIJ-U - TRAO D O I Trong qui trinh lam viec, vo can phii chiu tic dung cua cic luc vi md men tfl cac binh xe chu dong truyen Mn cung viSi cic Iflc tflong tic viJi hi thong treo Cic phin Iflc t?i binh xe gom Iflc doc (Iflc keo vi luc phanh) Iflc ngang va life thing dflng Cac lUc tao cac til tie dOng len vo can dflOi dang Iflc hoac mo men Trong qui trmh chuyin dong cua to, vo can cdn phii chiu tie dung cua cac Iflc tfl khoi IflOng dflOc treo truyfo qua cic vi tri Mp nhip va giim chan Do td tai thfldng xuyta phai hoat ddng tren dfldng xau nSn dam can phai chju tii ddng bien thien lien tuc vdi bien dO ldn Trong dd, cic luc dgc vi ngang phu thudc chi y^^ vio tic ddng dieu khiln cia ngfldi lai (tang t f l ^ a n h quay vdng) cdn life thing dflng lai phv thugc vio dieu kien dfldng xa va thfldng cd quy luit ngiu nhien Sfl biln thien cua tii trgng thing dflng mSp md mjt dfldng thfldng gay nen hifn tflgng hfl hdng mdi lim giam tuoi thg cfla vd ciu [2.3,5] Khi d td chuyen ddng vdi v$n tdc ldn thi quan tmh cia cic bO phin co khoi lugng ldn se smh cac tai trgng dOng cd inh hfldng ding ke dfn bin vd ciu [3, 6, 7] Tren thfle tl, cic tai trgng d0ng niy thfldng khdng d i ldn dl gay hfl hdng true tilp cho vd ciu, nhflng se cd inh hfldng rit ldn den ben liu cua nd Trong nhflng trfldng hgp nhfl v|y, viec sfl dflng tii trgng ddng de dinh gii ben cua vd ciu se cho kit qui phu hgp hon vdi dieu kiln vJn hinh thfle tl VI nhflng ly tren, cac cong trmh nghien cflu vl dg ben vd cau nhflng nam gin diy d i ngi theo hfldng sfl dung tii dgng thay cho tii trgng tinh theo phflong phap truyln thdng trfldc diy MOt sd nghien cflu cia cic tic gii tren thl gidi [3,4], da sfl diing cac dang tii trgng dOng biln thiin theo quy luat cho trfldc hoac dflgc xic dinh tfl md hinh dong Iflc hoc chuyen ddng cia d to vdi kich thich tfl mat dfldng dang ngiu nhien CAC CHE DO TAI TRONG T A C DUNG L £ N VO CAU CHU DONG O TO TAI 2.1 Cac til tac dm^ Ien vo can chu ddng coad to tai Soddciclflcvimdmentic dung lln can chi ddng cia d td tii dfloc md t i tren htah 2.1 Vd can dflOc dat tren cic banh xe cd ban kinh r vi dd trgng IflOng phan dflgc treo thdng qua cic bg nhip dat tai cac vi tri A va C nhfl trln hinh ve Trong mat phang ngang (hinh 2a), vd can chiu tic dung cia cac phan Iflc tfl mat dfldng F , J ^ v i cic Iflc tfl nhip f^, va F^^ Trong mSt phang song song vdi mat dfldng (hinh 2b) v i ciu chiu tic dung cia cic Iflc doc Fx21 va F (Iflc keo hoac phanh) v i Iflc tfl nhip truyen qua cic gdi da f „ , va f^ Trong chuyin ddng quay vdng cd them cac Iflc ngang F^, f ^^ dit tai vet a l p xflc banh xe vdi mjt dfldng Ddng thdi t ^ vi tri lip nhip se cd cic Iflc f ^, vi F^^ Ngoii cac Iflc tren, vo cau chi ddng cdn phii chju md men xoan tic dimg tfl md men truyen tdi ciu chi ddng va cia cac Iflc p^ tren bin kinh banh xe r (hmh 2c) ' Do vd ciu chiu tic dung cia nhieu tii trgng ddng thdi nln viec tinh toan nd theo ding dilu kien thfle te rit phflc tap Theo phflong phip truyen thdng, vd cau chu dong thudng dflgc tinh ben cho trfldng hgp tii trgng dac trflng vdi cac phin Iflc tfl mat dfldng len binh xe dat gia tri cflc dai [8] ThUc tl, cac Iflc va md men tic d^ng Ien vd ciu bien thiin hin tuc qui trtoh chuyen ddng cia d to, gia tri cia chung phu thugc vao dilu kiln chuyin dong cu thl Vi v|y, dl xic dinh lijc vi mo men niy can phii xiy dflng md hinh chuyin ddng tong quit cua d td va tmh toin cho cic dieu kien van hanh thfle tl c^ ISSN 08*6-7056 TAP CHl CO KHl VIETNAM, Sd nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHlfiN CO'U-TRAO OOl Hinh Sd cdc Idc tdc dung lin cdu chit ddng d td tdi 2.2 Lfla ehgn cic him kich thich tfl mat dfldng Bl md ti ham kich thich tfl mat dfldng tic dOng lln cic banh xe cia ciu chi dOng, ngfldi ta thfldng sfl dung cac lo^ map md khic Dl phin anh dung t r ^ g thai chiu tii cia vd can, mip md theo biln dang dfldng ngan nhiin thudng dflgc sfl d(mg Hifn nay, ISO 8608-1995 li tilu chuan vl map md mat dfldng dflgc sfl dflng phd biln nhit cac tInh toan dgng Iflc hgc d td Tieu chuan niy phin bift cac dgng dfldng theo mjt phd nang Iflgng (PSD) va chia chung diinh loji vdi ky hieu quy Udc tfl A din H [9] Theo tilu chuan ISO 8608:1995, bieu thfle md ti chieu cao map md cia mjt dfldng dflgc vilt nhfl sau: Neu coi d td chuyen dgng deu vdi v|n \k V thi bilu thfle tmh dO cao mip md (2.1) tbm biln X cd thl vilt lai theo biln thdi gian t nhif sau: A(/) = yN/to.2'.10-'.fjLl, cos(2a-.i.An.rj-l-fi,)(2) XAY Dt,fNG M O H I N H T I N H T O A N TAI TRONG DONG TAC DUNG LfiN VO CAU i 3.1 Md hinh dong Iflc hgc xe tai Md hinh xic djnh cac tii trgng dOng^ dung lln vd cau trfldng hgp xe chuyin *(j:) = X^-2'lO~'.f^j.cos(2;r.i.Anjt-f^,) (1) ddng trln dfldng dflgc xic dinh tfl md Wnb ddng Itfc hgc cia xe tii ciu Trong nghiin all Vdi A li bien dg, n^ li tan sd khdng gian nay, tic gii sfl dung phflong phip tich d u true vi f li pha (biln thiin ngiu nhien khoing he nhieu vat dl thilt lap hf phflong trtoh vi phin 0-2n) ^ md t i dOng Iflc hgc xe tii ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHf CO KHl VIET NAM, Sd nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHieN Clj-U - TRAO D | ngang), z (true thing dirng) va gdc xoay tuong ung: f (gdc lie dgc - quay quanh truc^), yi (gdc lech ben - quay quanh true z), ^ (gdc lie ngang - quay quanh true x) Cie ciu xe (ciu tnrdc - 1, ciu sau - 2) la cie khdi lugng khdng dugc treo dugc coi nhu cic phing, cd khdi lugng '"AP '"AI *?' l^i -'"" 50 ;:^ ^ •i0 35 40 45 50 55 -\ 60 /finA 756 Tiii dgng cue dgi theo phmmg ngang (ben phdi) 4.4 Xe chuyen ddng thang trSn du^nig map md theo ti^u chuin ISO 8608:1995 Hinh 12b Tdi trgng dgng Ofc dgi theo phmmg thdng ^ng (ben phdi) 3400 2_ P3000 i - ! - - '-'' A-'/^ ;- /^'' Map md mat dudng dugc md td theo tieu chudn ISO 8608:1995, dugc sfl dung tiong khdo sat tiep theo nham xac dinh anh hudng cfla tai tigng ddng tren md hinh dudng thuc Viec khao sdt tai tipng dpng tdc ddng Ien vd cdu xe chay tren cac mat dudng tiSu chudn, mdt mat cho phep xac dinh bin cfla vd cau, m^t khac cho phep xac dinh cdc che dd tai tipng lam thdng sd dau vdo cho bai todn xac dinh dO ben mdi cfla vd cdu Map md be mgt cua loai dudng theo ISO 8608:1995 dugc flil hiSn tt^n khoang chilu ddi 250m nhu tien hinh 14 .y^ UUU 24O0 30 GoclaiS" 40 50 60 //irt/j /io rdi trgng dgng cue dgi theo phuang ngang (ben trdi) Hinh 14 Mdp mo mat dirang iheo lieu chudn ISO 8608:1995 ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHi CO KHl VlfiT NAM, Sd ndm 2016 www.cokhivietnani.vn N G H I S N CCfU - TRAO OOl Trong nghien cflu ndy, loai dudng theo ISO 8608:1995 dd dugc fliu nghiem, bao gdm: lo^ii dudng B-C (dudng tdt), dudng C-D (dudng trung binh), dudng D-E (dudng xau) va dudng E-F (dudng rat xau) dugc khdo sat Mdp mo mat duong dugc ddt diu tien vet banh xe, xe chuyen dgng thang Day la trudng hgp khdo sat khdng cd cdc phan luc ngang tac dung Van tdc cfla xe thay ddi tu 30 din 60 km/h Cac ket qua phdn tich Id cac phdn luc dgc (F^^r ' ~ ^' ^) ^^ ^^^ thdng dung {F^p i = 1,2) dat len vd cau vd cdc gia tri cue dai cua cdc tdi trpng dpng (max(F j^), max(F^)) 1— Fza| §2 j f ir '' '|ii i|i|'f| Hinh 16a Tdi trgng dgng theophmmg thdngdio^'^ F JJ (v = 40 hn/h dircmg E-F) -•—Dtrong B-C —^-Duong C-D - - • Dtrong D-E Dirong E-F z I i" % 35 4D i5 51 55 60 Hinh 16b Tdi trgng dgng circ dgi Iheo phuang thdng diing Hinh 15a Tdi trgng dpng theo phuang dgc F^,_ (v = 40 km/h, duang E-F) "^ _ 10000 g aooo § 6000 i 4000 '^ ! —*— Duong B-C | —Dtni^C-Oj -1 Duong E-F \ Ket qiii tren hinh 15a v i 16a md t i liic d9c vi lire thing diing tai mot ben nhip xe chay vdi viin tdc v = 40 km/h tr6n dudng ti6u chiiin D-E vi cic hhih 15b, 16b md ta m6i quan hj ciia gii tri cue dai eua lue doc v i luc thing diing vdi van tdc chuydn dgng ttudc phani ciia xe (v = 30 - 60 km/h) tren cic loai dudng khic (4 loai dudng khio sat: B-C, C-D, D-E, E-F) 2000 } Cac ket qui tren hmh 15b va 16b cho 40 50 60 thiy: Vdi cing loai duong, vJn tdc chuyto Hinh 15b Tdi trgng ddng cue dgi Iheo phuong dgc dpng ^9ngcua xe ting len, gii tri luc dpc tang va lire thing dimg dpng cOng tang KSt qui mo ti dung hi?n tupng vit ly ciia d td ting tdc Vdi cung gii trj van tdc, chit lupng mSt d u d n ^ xiu di, mip md bi mjt ting len, cac gii tri t t t i ISSN 0866-7056 TAPCHfCOKHlVl|TNAM,Sd7nam20l6 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN Cl/U-TRAOBOI tipng dgng ciJing tang Khi xe chay vdi vdn tdc v = 40 km/h tidn dudng E-F (dudng rdt xdu), gid tri cue dai cua luc dpc max(F^p dat 7851 N, gia tii cue dai cfla luc flidng dflng max(F^j) dat 47616 N Gid tri luc tiiang dung c^c dai d mflc 1,59 Idn so vdi tioidng hgp tai tinh (xe dflng yen) KET LUAN Bai bao da tdnh bay phuang phdp, md hinh vd cac khao sat xde dinh tai tipng dpng tac ddng lan vd cdu chfl dgng xe tai nhe sdn xudt, Idp rdp t^i Viet Nam Cac khao sat vl tai tigng ddng t tac dgng Ien vd cdu chfl ddng xe tdi nhe tiong nhieu trudng hgp (di thang, phanh, quay vong va tien dudng mdp md tieu chuan) cho phep ddnh gid md hinh xac dinh tai tipng ddng tac dgng len vd cau Gid tri va quy luat biln ddi cua cac phan tai tigng dgng (luc dgc, luc thdng dflng, I\rc ngang) da phan dnh dung cac quy lu^t th^rc tl xe chay tren dudng Cac chl tai tigng ddng, dac biet la cac trudng hpp xe di tien dudng cd map md, chinh la thdng s6 ddu vdp cho bai toan xac djnh ben mdi cfla vd cdu ch^y tien dudng Md hinh xac dinh tdi tigng dgng va cdc ket qud tinh toan lire dpng se dugc sfl dung cho bai toan xac dinh bin cfla vd cdu chu ddng xe tai sdn xuat, Idp rap tai Yiet Nam • Ngay nhan bai; 14/5/2016 Ngiy phin bidn: 10/7/2016 Tii li^u tham khio: 1] M.J Numey: "Light and Heavy Vehicle Technology" Fourth edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007 [2] Khairul Akmal Shamsuddm, Mohd Syamil Tajuddin,Megat IHohd Amzari Megat Mohd Arts Mohd NurhidayatZahelem: "Stress Distribution Analysis of Rear Axle Housing by using Finite Elements Analysis" The Intemanonal Jomnal of Engineering And Science (LIES) Volume 3, Issue 10,2014 P] Meng Qinghua, Zheng Huifeng and Lv Fengjun: "Fatigue failure fault prediction of track rear axle housing excited by random road roughness" Intemational Journal ofthe Physical Sciences Vol 6(7), April, [4] Ji-xin Wang, Ciuo-qiang Wang, Shi-kui Luo, Dec-heng Zhou: "Static and Dynamic Strength Analysis on Rear Axle of Small Payload Off-highway Dump Tracks" College of Mechanical Science and Engineerms, Jihn Univeisity, 2004 [5] Qurapiasad.B.S, Anin.L.R, Mohan.K: "Evaluating Fos for Rear Axle Housing Using Hybrid Aluminium Composites" Intemational Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and TechnoloEV Vol Issue 6, June 2013 6.? • , [6] Cong N, Chen X:«Driving Axle Housing Accelerated Fatigue Bench Test Based on FEA» J Natl Univ Defense Technol., 31: 106-108,2009 [7J Gao J, Song J: «Fatigue Life Prediction of Vehicle's Driving Axle House Under Random Loading J Meoh Sttength, 30:982-987,2008 [8] Tran Phuc Hoa, Trinh Minh Hoang, Le Hong Quan, Du Quoc Thrnh: «Study on the reliability of active axle of light tracks produced and assembled in Vietnam,), Proceedings of Intemational Conference on Automohve Technology for Vietoam, ICAT2015-041 (1/6 - 6/6), 2015 [9] LOU Yi-qiang,ZHAO Wen-li,MENQ Qing-hua: "Fmite element analysis for drive axle housing based on dynamic load;Mechanical & Electtical Engmeering Magazine;2009-03 ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHl CO KHf VIST NAM, Sd nam 2016 www.coldiivietnam.vn ... ngMig vd quay cfla cau xe lay theo chuyin ddng cua thdn xe, do, gia toe dgc cua cau xe bdng gia tdc dgc cua todn xe, 6c quay tiong m|tt phdng dudng bdng gdc quay cua toan xe (a 2=a=Ơ)ã ISSN DSM... KHi VlfiT NAM, Sd7ndm 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN Cliu - TRAO OOl Tii he phuong trinh xac dinh cac luc ben Dongfeng 2.45 tin Day la ddng xe tii ben dgc tu than xe tic diing l&i ciu xe dugc... thilt lap hf phflong trtoh vi phin 0-2n) ^ md t i dOng Iflc hgc xe tii ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHf CO KHl VIET NAM, Sd nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHieN Clj-U - TRAO D | ngang), z (true thing dirng)
Ngày đăng: 29/11/2022, 17:31
Xem thêm: