Tgp chi Khoa hgc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn THONG BAO KHOA HQC DANH GIA ANH Hl/OTVG CUA CHIEU RQNG TAM DEN BIEN D^NG GOC KHI HAN TAM T N BAO VO TAU THUY THE ASSESSMENT EFFECT ON THE BREADTH OF PLATE TO AN ANGULAR DISTORTION WHILE WELDING OF SHIP HULL Biii Van Nghifp' Ngiy nh^n bii: 01/3/2014; Ngay phan bi?n thong qua' 05/4/2014; Ngay duy?t dang: 13/8/2014 T O M TAT Bai bdo ndy cong bd kel qud nghien cuu dnh huang ciia chieu rong lam den bien dgng goc cua phot qud trinh hdn gdy hdn ldm ton bao vo tdu thdy, nghien cuu du^c tkyrc hi^n theo quy trinh R-31/PA vai cdc thong so chieu rpng phoi hdn khde Ket qud cho thdy: bien dgng goc tren timg vf tri mat cdt ngang (theo chiiu rgng) phoi hdn Id khong giong nhau, phoi hdn co chieu rong cdng lan thi bien dgng goc cdng nho vd nguac lgi Khi chieu rgng phoi hdn l&n hon 500 mm vi tri tir ldm moi hdn den chieu rgng 40 mm, mat cdl cua phoi co hinh dgng parapol, tit 40 mm din 60 mm lam cong ngu(rc lai, phdn lai co goc bien dgng khong thay doi Ddng thai kit qud thuc nghi$m khong trung khap v&i kit qud dnh theo Okerbiom [6] Tirkhoa- bien dang goc chieu rgng phoi hdn, chiiu rgng tdm ABSTRACT This paper performs results of study on effects between the breadth of butted plate and an angular distoriion while welding of ship hull, all experiments are conducted on the R-31/PA welding proceduce with different breadlfis of butted plate The result shows that: the angular distortion along cross section of bulled plate are different, if the breadth of bulled plate is increased, the angular distortion will be reduced and contrary In case the breath of butted plate exceeds 500 mm, the cross section of butted plate has parabol profile on the range from the center to 40 mm of plate-breadth, from 40 mm to 60 mm of plate-breadth the profile is opposite bending, remaining of bulled plate is similar of angular distortion Simultaneous, the experimental results are not satisfy with the Okerbiom 'sformular Keywords angular distortion, breadth of butted weld, breadth of butted plate I.BATVAND£ Nghien ciru irng suat vd biln dang vd sau hdn la mflt nhOng v l n de rat phuc tgp ngdnh ky thudt tdu thiiy Khi hdn n l i cdc tam tdn bao vd tdu vdi nhau, nhieu kieu bien dgng xdy dong thdi, ddc biet la biln dang gdc, nd cd gid trj Idn nhit [7], gdy dnh hudng Idn den chat lugng mil hdn Thyc t l tgi cdc nhd mdy ddng tau thiiy hidn nay, van d l biln dang ndl chung, biln dgng gde ndi neng v l n dang t i n tgi, dd sau hdn, nha mdy phai ton mot khodng ehi phi Idn d l khde phgc, sira chCra Phuong phdp khde phyc chu yeu la gia nhidt, phuang phap it nhilu gay dnh hudng d i n chit lup'ng sdn pham vi sii dyng nhidt Idm biln doi tinh chat vdt lieu Da ed rat nhieu nha khoa hoc quan tdm nghien ciru van d l (>ng suit va biln dang han nhu: Slavianov (18g2)|7], Rosenthal Daniel (1940) [8], Okerbiom (1955) [9], Ola Westby (1968) pO], Artem Pilipenko (2001) [7], & Viet Nam, cd t h l ke d i n mpt s l nghidn ciru cOa tdc gia nam 200g, 2010 vd 2012 [1], [2], [3], Hoang Van Trdng (2012) [4], Tuy nhidn, nhung nghien cuu ndy cho ket qud sai l^eh so vdi thi^c nghidm hogc ch! mdi gidi quylt mpt phan rat nhd hdng loat cde y i u t l anh hudng den bien dgng gdc han tdu thuy Trong rat nhilu y i u to ed t h l anh hudng d i n biln dgng gdc hdn n l i tam tdn bao v6 tau thuy thi ehilu ring t i m nguydn lieu cd y nghTa quan trpng ' ThS Bill Van Nghi§p: Khoa Ky thu|t giao thong - Tm-o'ng Dgi hpc Nha Trang 48 • TRL/ONG OAI HOC NHA TRANG Tgp chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn thyc nghipm dilu kidn t l ehi>c thyc nghlgm tnDng linh vyc hdn tau thiiy kha ton kem Vdy ehilu rpng t i m ed dnh hudng nhu t h l ndo d i n biln dgng gdc hdn tdm tdn bdo vd tdu thdy? Bdng cdc nghien ciru IJ thuylt k i t hp'p vdi thyc nghidm tren phdi m i u , tdc gid da tim dudc moi quan h^ ndy Ngodi k i t qua nghien ciru ndy cung se khuyin cao nguy ca xdy biln dgng han cac tam cd chilu rgng khde nhau, dong thdi d l ed ca sd nghidn ciru cdc gidi phdp hgn c h l toi da biln dang, han c h l chi phi cung nhu cdng sire khac phyc khuylt tdt bien dgng hdn gdy ra, gdp ph^n ndng cao chat lugng sdn phim Ben cgnh dd, k i t qua thue nghidm cung danh gid Igi dp ehinh xdc ciia cdng thirc tinh biln dgng gdc Okerbiom d l xult dp dyng dilu kidn thyc te hdn vd tdu thuy cd tinh d i n chieu rgng tam II D I TU'ONG, VAT LIEU VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CI>U Ket qua nghidn cuu ndy Id dO lipu cho cdc nghidn ciru tilp theo, dong thdi cung Id ca sd dir lieu d l md phdng s l nhdm gidm thieu chi phi Bdng 1 Doi tup'ng nghien cu>u Sy dnh hudng eiia chieu rgng tam d i n bien dang gdc hdn tam tdn bao vd tdu thiiy dugc nghidn cuu vdi mil ghep giap moi, tu the han bdng qud trinh hdn ho quang tay gdy Quy trinh han lya chgn nghien eiru Id R-31/PA, theo tieu chuan VR [5], vdi cdc thdng so ca bdn: Kieu moi hdn gidp mii; Tu t h l hdn bdng (1G); Vdt lieu ea bdn ASTM A131; Cap vat lieu AH36; Chilu ddy tam 10 mm, Vdt lipu hdn AWS E6013; So Idp hdn 04; Kiiu vat mep ehu V (55'"^) Chl dg han va quy each mil hdn dugc eho tuang irng d bdng vd hinh C h l ddhan Phinyng phdp Di^n G ^ CuMig d$ ddng di#n (A) m SMAW 03.2 70 20 3-4 SMAW 03.2 100 20 3-4 SMAW 03.2 100 20 3M SMAW 03.2 110 20 3*4 hUn Quy each vat mq) dp hdn (mm/s) T6C Ghi chu IhiiWhan Hioh Quy each Quy each, so lugng phdi hdn thi nghidm va noi thiPc hi|n Quy cdch phdi hdn thi nghidm dugc tlen hdnh theo quy ^ n h [5] d hinh 2, vdi: chilu ddi L = 350 mm, chieu rgng cho logi phdi B, = 300 mm, 6^= 500 mm, 83= 1000 mm, B, = 1500 mm, B5 = 2000 mm, Bg = 3000 mm, B^ = 400 mm, chtlu day tit ca cdc phdi Id 10 mm Thi nghipm dugc tien hdnh trdn 21 phdi cho moi tni-dng hgp, vdy cd 147 phdi cho cd nghidn ciru Cdc phdi hdn cd chieu rOng B, s 2000 mm dugc thye hidn tai Tnjng tdm Han ky thudt cao - Khoa Ky thudt giao thdng - Tn/dng Dai hoc Nha Trang Cdc phdi hdn cd chieu r|ng B^ > 2000 mm dugc thuc hipn tai Cdng ty Trach nhipm hdu han Nhd mdy tdu biln Hyundai Vinashin Hinh Kich thirorc phoi bin DghiSn Trinh t i ^ nghien ciru thuc nghiem Tren ea sd cdc v l n d l ly thuyet lien quan, nghidn ciru thye nghiem duge tiln hdnh theo ede bude: Budc 1: Chuan bi vdt lieu ca bdn, vat lieu hdn vd thiet bj lien quan; TRUONG DAI HOC NHA TRANG • 49 So 3/2014 Tgp chi Khoa hgc - Cong nghe Thuy s Budc 2: Cat phdi miu theo kich thudc quy djnh [5]; Bude 3: Hdn dinh phdi miu theo quy djnh [5]; Budc 4: Vgeh dau mang ludi tren phdi mau d l phye vy edng tdc l l y k i t qud biln dgng: Ludi dugc chia song vdi trijc moi hdn, vdi logi, loai khodng cdch ludi 10 mm tir tdm mil hdn d i n chilu r$ng 200 mm vd lo^l cd khodng cdch ludi 50 mm irng vdi phin edn Igi (hinh 3); Hinh Lir6i biln d^ng hin IrSn phoi mSu Budc 5: Han phdi mau theo quy trinh [5]; Budc 6: Do k i t qud thyc nghipm Phuang phap biln dgng gdc mil hdn dugc xdc djnh bang cdch cho miu ndm tren mgt chuan, diing thudc thang ddt ngang qua be mgt miu, diing thudc khe hd ddt vdo giCra be mgt mSu va be mgt thude se cho kich thude dp hd e (hinh 4) Tir e bang phuang phap toan hpc tinh dugc gde biln dgng P; Budc 7: Thdo lugn vd danh gid ket qu3 nghidn ciru Co sd de thdo ludn vd ddnh gia ket qud nghidn euu dya trdn ede yeu to: - Cdc k i t qud nghidn euu lien quan; - Cdng thirc tinh todn biln dgng gdc Okerbiom d l xuat [9]: ViifScAing LU •- 0.13v,h^ MrfoUiftft (2) Trong dd: I Id cudng dp ddng dien [A]; U Id hi^u dien the [V]; v Id t i c dd han [mm.s-']; h: Id chilu day tam [mm] l/Zflccliifinlflii!; III K £ T Q U A NGHIEN CLTU VA T H A O L U A N PDUhdnl K i t qua t i n g hp-p anh huo-ng chieu rgng tim Hinh Phinrag phip khe bir e Xdc djnh gdc biln dang (J theo cdng thirc: P=2.sin(e/b).lB0/jr (1) den bien dang gdc Ting hgp cac trudng hgp hdn thi nghiem, kll Trong dd: e la khe hd giua thudc va phdi tgi mil han [mm], b = B/2 (B la ehilu rgng phdi) [mm] qud dnh hudng ciia ehilu r|ng tam den biln dgng gdc duac t h l hidn tren bdng Bang Tong hp'p ket qud dnh huong cija chieu rgng tam den bien dang gdc Chieu i^ng tdm B Gdc b i l n d^ng Um nhit Gdc bien d^ng nhd nhSt b , (d« Gdc biln d^ng tmng binh b.(d« 300 3.7 3.1 3.4 500 3.6 3.3 3.0 1000 2.6 2.1 2.4 1500 2.3 1.9 2.2 2000 20 1.7 1.9 3000 1.8 1.5 1.7 4000 1.8 1.5 1.7 STT 50 • TRUONG OAI HOC NHA TRANG Ghi ChQ Tgp chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn Anh hudng cua chilu rOng tdm d i n biln dgng gdc cd t h l bieu dien dudi dgng thj {hinh 5) U 1n"' ^""^^-^_^_^ _., _^ iS caii^ t ^ tlmCmm) Hinh S Do th) quan Yi% g i i ^ chi^u r^ng t^m v i bien dang goc Ket qud bien dgng gdc m^t cit ngang phdi hdn co chieu rgng B, = 300 mm va 8^= 500 mm Tnrdng hgp phdi han cd chilu rpng B, vd B^, k i t qud biln dgng gdc dugc the hien tren bdng va bang Bang Kit qua bien dgng gdc trin phoi hdn cd chilu rpng B, = 300 mm NOa chieu rgng B/2 (mm) Khe hd e (mm) 20 30 0.3 0.7 10 40 80 90 50 60 70 1.3 1.6 2.3 2.6 2.9 100 110 120 130 140 150 3.3 39 3.6 4.2 4.6 49 Bang Ket qui biin d^ng g6c tren phoi han co chieu rdng B^= 500 mm 50 60 100-250 70 80 90 Ni>a chieu rOng B/2 (mm) 10 20 30 40 Khe h6 e (mm) 0.3 1.0 1.3 1.6 2.0 PhOi khong bien dang, e tang deu tuyen tinh vo-i Ae=0.3 Biln dang mdt c i t ngang eua phdi trudng hgp B, vd B^ tao thdnh gdc chCr V nhu hinh B/2 (mm) Chieu rQng tam B/2 Hinh Bien dang m^t c i t ngang ciia phoi h i n cd chi^u rong B,=300 mm Kit qua bien dang gdc tren mgt cat ngang phoi han cd chilu rpng , = 1000 mm, B^= 1500 mi Bj= 2000 mm, 8.= 3000 mm va 8,= 4000 mm Tnfdng hgp phdi hdn cd chilu r|ng B^, B^, B^, B^., B^, k i t qud biln dgng gdc dugc the hien trdn bang Bang Kit qud bien dgng goc tren phoi han cd chilu rgng 8,, 8^, B^, 8,, B^ Ni>a chilu r^ng B/2 (mm) Khe h& e (mm) 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100-2000 Phdi ithdng biln d^ng, e tang d i u tuyin tinti B,=1000 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 v6i Ae=0.2 B,=1500 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.8 19 v6'iAe=0.1 B,=2000 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.8 v6i Ae=0 B,=3000 01 0.2 0.6 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 vaiAe=0.1 B,=4000 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 vo'iAe=0.1 TRLTONG OAI HOC NHA TRANG • 51 Tgp chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Thdy sdn So 3/2014 Biln dgng mdt cdt ngang cOa phdi Uong trudng hgp B^, B^, B^, B^vd B^ cd dang parabol khu vyc ttr tdm mil hdn d i n chilu rgng khodng 40 mm vd ed diem u l n tgo dudng cong ngugc khu vi,rc tir 40 mm d i n 60 mm, phan cdn lai cd bien dgng thang nhu hinh vd Chteu r$ng tam B/2 Hinh Bicn daing mil cit ngang cua phSi bin c6 chl^u rgng B,= 1000 n Chi^u rvngt^mB/Z Hinh Bi^n d^ng m^t dt ngang t ia phoi hiin c6 chilu r^ing B,= 2000 n Thao lu|n Theo kit qua thuc nghiem tir cac bang 2, 3, vd 5, cd t h l nhdn thay nhCrng van de sau: Khi thuc hidn hdn theo quy trinh ban R-31/PA cho trudc vdi cdc thdng so chieu rdng tam khac nhau, k i t qua bien dgng gdc giam d i n tdng kieh thudc chieu rgng tam Khi chilu rpng phdi hdn idn hon 500 mm, bien dang tren tirng vj tri mat eat ngang cQa phdi khdng gilng nhau, vi trf tCr tam mil hdn d i n cho cd chieu r^ng 40 mm, mat eit cua phdi cd hinh dgng parapol tip vj tri ehilu rpng 40 mm d i n 60 mm tam cd dilm uln cong ngugc Igi, phin cdn lgi c6 gde biln dgng khdng thay dol Theo edng thire ttnh biln dang gdc (1) Okerbloom d l xuat, d i i vdi tnjdng hgp quy trinh han cho trude R-31/PA gdc bien dgng p = 2.4", kit qua ndy chi diing vdi trudng hgp phdi hdn 6^= 1000 mm, cdn cdc trudng hgp khde khdng trOng khdp Nhung k i t q u i tren dung vdi du dodn cua tac gid thgc hi^n cdc nghien ciru trudc ddy, vi chilu rgng t i m cdng Idn thi tdm cCia hai nua m i l ghep xa tn^e dudng hdn, dd trpng lugng ban thdn tam se la Igc ngugc chilu vdi Igc co ngdt gay biln dgng gdc cua moi hdn (hinh g) 52 • TRL/dNG OAI HOC NHA TRANG IVI M Hinh Trpng lirQng ban thin tSm cliing lai bien dang g6c Trong dd: P Id trgng lugng bdn thdn tam; B^ld khodng cdch tir tnjc dudng han den trpng tam eua t i m ; M Id mdmen gdy bien dgng; P Id gdc biln dang Cung chinh trgng lugng ban than tJim da Idm biln dgng trdn tirng vj tri mgt cdt ngang eiia ph6i hdn khdng giong nhau, vi bien dgng ddo xdy viing anh hudng nhiet ttr tdm moi hdn din vj tri chilu rgng khodng 50 mm Do dd, ngudi kim logi moi hdn co lgi tgo ndn biln dgng gdc thi gia trj trpng lugng bdn thdn ndy ngan can Idm cho tam co ngdt khdng d i u , k i t qud Id bien dgng mgt eat ngang cd dgng parapol khu vgc tir tdm m i i hdn d i n ehS cd chilu rpng khodng 40 mm vd cd dilm uln tgo dudng cong ngugc khu vgc tir vj tri Tgp chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn chieu rdng 40 mm d i n 60 mm, phan edn lgi khdng dnh hudng nhiet nen ed bien dang thang Do edng thirc tinh bien dgng gdc cua Okerbloom de xuat khdng xdt den yiu to ehilu rdng tam, vi vdy gde bien dang ehi cd mpt ket qua nhat Id p = 2.4", k i t qua thgc nghidm chirng minh yeu to ehieu rdng tam anh hudng Idn den bien dang gdc, cy t h l Id gdc biln dang thay doi theo dd Idn eua kieh thudc tam IV K^T LUAN VA KI^N NGHj Ket iuan Tren ca sd k i t qua nghidn ciru su dnh hudng cua chieu rpng t i m d i n biln dgng gdc hdn t i m tdn bao vo tau, cy fill nghidn ciru tren quy trinh hdn R-31/PA, tac gid cd nhirng k i t ludn sau: Y i u t l chilu ring tdm cd anh hudng idn d i n biln dgng gdc hdn tdm tdn bao vd tdu: biln dgng gdc giam d i n tang kich thudc chilu rpng tdm Khi chieu rdng phdi hdn Idn han 500 mm, biln dgng tren tirng vj tri mat cdt ngang ctia phdi khdng giong nhau, vj tri tu tdm moi hdn den ehd ed So 3/2014 chilu rgng 40 mm, mgt cdt cua phdi cd hinh dang parapol, tCr vj tri chieu r|ng 40 mm d i n 60 mm t i m cd dllm u l n cong ngugc tgi, phan edn Igi cd gdc bien dgng khdng thay dot Kit qud tinh biln dgng gdc Okerbloom d l xult khdng triing vdi k i t qua thgc nghiem Kien nghj Qua thdi gian thgc hign nghidn ciru, tac gia ed mpt so kiln nghi sau - Khi tinh todn bien dgng gdc cho mil han k i t c l u tdu thdy nen can trgng vide lua ehgn cdc edng thuc tinh vi thgc te hdn tau thuy rat phirc tap, vi dy nhu tnj'dng hap edng &iuc eiia Okeitlom cho ket qua khong tnJng khdp vdi thuc t l - Nen dau tu nghidn ciru sg anh hudng cita chieu rpng tam den bien dang gde vdi nhilu logi ehilu ddy khac vd kit hgp vdi yeu to ehieu dai moi han - Nen dau tu nghidn ciru sg dnh hudng eiia nhieu yeu to khde den biln dang gdc han tam tdn bao vd tdu d l cd t h l gdp phan vdo vide nghten euu gldi phdp khde phyc biln dang gdc TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tieng Viet Bui Van Nghigp, 2009 Nghien cmi su anh huong ciia ogu6n nhiet han den bien dang gi c han tam ton bao vo tau De ta nghien cihi khoa hoc cdp tnrong TR2009-13-09CH Truong Dai hpc Nba Trang Bui Van Ngtiiep, 2010 Nghien cuu mgt s6 yeu t6 anh huong den bien dang goc han tim t6n bao vo taiL Lu?n van Thac Sl Ky thuat Tnrong Dai hoc Nha Trang Biii Van Nglii?p, 2013 Nghi6n cihi s\i anh huong ciia nguon nhi?t hiin den bien dang goc han tSm ton bao vo tau Tgp cbi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe thiiy san, so Truong D^i hpc Nha Trang Hoang Van Trang, 2012 Nghien cim giai phap khSc phuc bien dang goc han tStn ton bao tau thuy Luan van tot nghiSp Tru&ng Dai hpc Nha Trang Huong din cho dang kilm vien, 2005 Huong din giam sat dong m6i tau bien PhSn NB-07 - Huong din kiSm tra ban than tau Dang kiem Viet Nam Quy pham phin dp va dong tau bien vo thep, 2003 Phan 6,7: TCVN 6259 JUngAnh Aitem Pilipenko, 2001 Computer simulation of residual stress and distortion of thick plates in multi-electrode submerged arc weldmg Doctor thesis Trondheim, Norway D Rosenthal, 1941 Mathematical theory of heat distribution during welding and cuttmg Am Weld Joumal Okerbiom, 1955 The calculations of deformation of welded metal stmctures Mashgiz Moscow 10 O Westby, 1968 Temperature distribution in the work-piece by welding Doctoral thesis The Technical University of Norway, Trondheim 11 Quality Standard, 2008 Hyundai 'N^ashin Shipyard Co , LTD TRUONG OAI HOC NHA TRANG • 53 ... nhCrng van de sau: Khi thuc hidn hdn theo quy trinh ban R-31/PA cho trudc vdi cdc thdng so chieu rdng tam khac nhau, k i t qua bien dgng gdc giam d i n tdng kieh thudc chieu rgng tam Khi chilu rpng... hdn t i m tdn bao vo tau, cy fill nghidn ciru tren quy trinh hdn R-31/PA, tac gid cd nhirng k i t ludn sau: Y i u t l chilu ring tdm cd anh hudng idn d i n biln dgng gdc hdn tdm tdn bao vd tdu:... tam ton bao vo tau De ta nghien cihi khoa hoc cdp tnrong TR2009-13-09CH Truong Dai hpc Nba Trang Bui Van Ngtiiep, 2010 Nghien cuu mgt s6 yeu t6 anh huong den bien dang goc han tim t6n bao vo taiL