NGHIEN CUTU-TRAODdf THI6T B| SAN XUAT TL/ BANH TRANG BO BIA T H | € T K^ C H € TAO DONG DESIGNING AND MANUFACTURING THE AUTOMATIC BO BIA PAPER MAKING MACHINE Tran Doan Sdn', DUtfng Ngoc HUng^ 'Trudng Dai hoc Bach Khoa TP HCM ^Hpc viin cao hpc, TrUdng Dai hpc Bach Khoa TR HCM TOM TAT Bdnh trdng bo bia dUdc sdn xudt tii bdt mi vd dUdc diing dildm chd gio bd bia Ddy la mdt cdc sdn phdm dm thUc truyin thong cda Viit Nam niidc ta, cho din nay, bdnh trdng bd bia dUdc sdn xudt hodn todn bdng tay, cdn tren thi gidi nhii d Nhdt Bdn vd Ddi Loan, chiing dUdc sdn xudt tU ddng bdng mdy Cdc thiit bi sdn xudt bdnh trdng bo bia tU ddng cua Nhdt Bdn vd Ddi Loan cho ndng suat vd chdt liidng cao nhiing bdnh thdnh phdm cd ddy hdn nhieu so vdi bdnh dUdc sdn xudt bdng tay d niidc ta Bdi bdo ndy, gidi thiiu mot thiit ki mdi cho he thong thiit bi sdn xudt bdnh trdng bd bia tU ddng phii hdp vdi diiu kien thUc ticua thi tnidng Viet Nam Thiit bi mdi ndy dd ki thiia nhitng Uu viet ciia cdc thiit bi ngogi nhdp vd co nhdng thay doi vi mat cdng nghe mang tinh chdt sdng tgo cao Td khda: Bdnh trdng bd bia, chd gid bd bia, mdy td dgng ABSTRACT Bo Bia wrappers are made completelyfrom wheat flour They are being used to make Bo Bia spring rolls - a Vietnamese traditional food Till now, in Vietnam, Bo Bia wrappers are totally manually made but in the world - in Japan and Taiwan - they are automatically by machines The machine for producing Bo Bia wrappers in Japan and Taiwan can let to very high productivity and stable product quality However, their Bo Bia wrappers are much thicker than those produced manually in Viet nam This paper introduces a new design for the automatic Bo Bia wrappers making machine that is suitable with actual conditions of Vietnamese market and also has the most superior characteristics of these exotic innovative technology machines Keywords: Bo bia wrapper, bo bia spring rolls, automatic machine TAP CHl CO KHf VIETNAM • Sd d (Thdng nam 2013) ^ NGHIEN C U T U - T R A O D O I GlOl THIEU Banh trdng bd bia la dUdc san xuat tit bdt mi va dupe dung de Iam cha gid bd bia Day la rapt cac san phara am thUc truyln thdng ndi tiing d nUdc ta Cho din nay, d nUdc ta chUa cd may tU dpng sdn xuat bdnh trdng bd Do vdy, viec san xuat san pham d nUdc dUpc thUc hiln hoan toan bang tay Quy trinh san xuat banh thii cdng cd the md ta nhU sau (xem hinh I): Nguyen lilu bdt mi dUpc pha chl d dang set Sau Idhi pha bdt, cdng nhdn bdc mdt nam nguyen lieu, vo trdn bang tay sau dd ep lln rapt tam thep Do tam thep dUpc gia nhiet bdi bip ga nen phan nguyen lieu tilp xuc trpc tilp vdi tdm thep se dinh lai Phdn bdt cdn Iai khdng tiep xuc trUc tilp vdi tam thep se dUpc bdt lln bang tay Qua trinh dupe thUc hiln khoang gidy Sau khoang 10 giay - la thdi gian de cho san phara chin - banh dupe lay khdi tara thep De cho banh khdng bi dinh, ngUdi ta bdi dau an len bl radt tara thep hoac pha sSn dau an bdt Ndng suat trung binh ciia viec sdn xuat banh trang bd bia theo quy trinh thu cdng niu trin la 5000 san phara Vile san xuat bdnh trdng bd bia bang phupng phap thd cdng dUpc dp dung bien khdng chi d nUdc ta ma cdn d cac nUdc chau A nhu Thdi Lan, Malaysia, Singapore, Nhdt Ban Cd thi ndi vile san xuat banh trdng bd bia bang tay cua cac nUdc vl ccf ban cung gidng nhU d nUdc ta (xem hinh minh hpa viec san xuat banh trdng d Nhat Ban) Tuy nhien, hien nay, Nhat Ban, Dai Loan dd dUa vao sd dung may san xuat bdnh trdng bd bia tU ddng vdi nhieu day bdnh (hinh 3) Cac thilt bi san xuat bdnh trdng bd bia tU ddng cua Nhat Ban va Dai Loan cho nang suat va chat lUpng cao Tuy nhien, bdnh trang tU cdc thilt bi cd dp day hon nhieu so vdi banh dUpc san xuat bang tay d nUdc ta Hmh 3: Mdy trdng bdnh bd bia ddy cua Nhdt B THIET KE THIET BI SAN XUAT TU" DONG BANH TRANG B BIA 2.1 Giai ma thilt bi cua Nh^t Ban, Dai Loan Hinh trinh bay nguyen Iy lam viec ciia thilt hi sdn xuat bdnh bd bia cua Dai Loan dUpc Nha may Chl biln ThUc phara Cau Tre nh?p khau Dl san xuat banh hdn hpp bdt Idng (lor^ hon phuong phap thu cdng) td thung dUpc bdm bdnh rang bdm lln qua vdi Vdi cd tilt dien la mdt khe hep cd bl rdng khodng 1-2 mm va c6 chieu ddi bang be rpng cua bdnh trang Bdt se dupe phun qua vdi len bl mat cua ru Id trangnUdng Bin ru Id cd he thdng gia nhi^t (bang diln trd hoaic gas) Khi ru Id quay, banh se dupe nUdng chin nhd nhiet Do bl mat cua ru 16 trang-nUdng cd nhiet dp cao (xdp xi ISO^C) nfen dl cho ddng bdt tilp xuc vdi ru Id trangnUdng khdng bi bdn cue De lam ngupi vdi can he thdng lam mdt - la he thdng lam mit 5-Phin n£lii 11(11 cBn dmh _^' I r l n l i m Itkcp U l i n phim bang rady lanh chuyin dung Sau bdnh dU(?c Hmh 1: Cdc thao tdc qud trinh sdn xudtcat tam chung dUdc lat xudng mpt bdng tai nhd CO cau chuyen dung bdnh bd Ma tai Viet Nam TAP CHI CO KHi V I £ T NAM Sd (Thdng nam 2013) NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO Odi m M^'la ^V,., » • M) s 'X rx-'f nhd dao tdch banh 16 vd bdnh dUpc chuyin qua ban^ tai ludi Inox 19 dl Iam ngudi Vile ldm ngupi bdnh nhd cac quat lam mat 18 Khi den vi tri tang dan ddng 22 banh trdng se cat theo kich thudc ylu cau nhd dao cat 23 va se dUpc dUa vao thdng di/ng san pham 26 m Hinh 4: Nguyin l^ ldm viic cda thiit bi sdn xudt bdnh bd bia ciia Ddi Loan PhUdng an may cua Dai Loan cd nang sudt cao, kit cau gpn nhUng viec phit bdt kieu bdm qua khe hep khdng dieu chinh dUdc bl day cda bdnh (trudng hpp mudn dilu chinh bl ddy cda banh phdi thay vdi 2) He thdng gia nhiet bin ru Id trdng-nUdng cho phIp nhiet dp ddng diu Tuy nhiln, kit cau cdn lUpng nhiet ban dau dl ddt ndng ru Id vd khd ldm ngudi cue bd trin bl mat ru Id tai vung phun bdt Ngoai ra, vi$c V? sinh vdi vd bdm khd khan vd c^n lam mat vdi bdng thilt bi ldm lanh chuyen di!mg khd phdc tap Hinh 5: Sd nguyin (jJ cda thiet bi I-Md td truyen dong true cap bdt; 2-B6 truyen xich ru 16 trdng-nitdng bdnh; 3-M6 td truyin dgng ru Id trdng-nUdng^ 4-He thong phun nUdc; 5-Quat thoi Iam mat, 6-Dao gat ldm sach Ru Id; 7-Thanh trUdtlap thiingchiia bgt; S-lhiingchiia bdt; 9-Ru Id cdp bgt; 10-Trucep bdt, Il-D5ngh6 nhiet; 12-Ru Id trdng-nUdng bdnh 13-Gian di?n trd; 14-Cdch nhiit; 15-Thodt 4m; I6-Daoggt bdnh; 17-Quat; 18-Triic bang ldi, 19-Bdng tdi; 20-Bd truyin bang tii; 21-Mdng trUat; 22-Truc dan dgng; 23-Dao cdt; 24-Trucgd dao; ZS-Jhanh trUdt; 26-Thiing chila sdn phdm Nhdng cai tien mdi cua thilt h\ so vdi thiet bi cua Dai Loan: 2.2 Dl xudt nguyin I;y cda thiet hi san xudt tU d^ng bdnh trdng bd bia + Viec cap bOt len ru Id trdng-nUdng dUpc thUc hien nhd ru Id phit bdt Cai tiln cho Trin cd sd sd nguyen ly cua thiet bi phep dl dang dilu chinh chilu ddy bdnh trdng; cua nude ngodi, sd dd nguyin Iy ciia thilt bi sdn xudt tu dpng bdnh trdng bd bia dUpc dl xuat nhU + Viec Iam ngudi vdng tilp xuc gifla vdi va hinh Cu thi nhU sau: Hdn hpp bdt long sau ru Id bangradylanh dUpc thay thi bdng giai phap dd dupe ii lln men dUpc cho vdo thimg chda bdt phun nUdc-thdi gid va dao gat lam sach; Thung bdt cd the di chuyen dUpc tren trUpt-con chay de thay ddi khoang each giUa hai + Thilt bi dl xuat cd Ian ep bdt giup ru Id Ru Id trang nUdng 12 dUpc gia nhiet nhd cho bl mat banh nhan bong Day Id dilm mdi so di^n trd gia nhiet 13 dp phia ngoai ru Id Bdt dUpc vdi may cua ngoai nhdp; cdp lln ru-Id 12 dudi dgng Idp mdng nhd ru Id cap bdt 9cu6n bpt td thdng bdt lln vd phit vao ru-Id + May thilt ke sd dpng gia nhi|t ben 12 Vd each nhilt 14 dung dl giam sil thdt thoat ngodi ru Id chd khdng gia nhi|t bin nhU nhi|t mdi trUdng Dp d^y cua banh cd thi dilu may ngoai PhUdng an cho phep de ddng ldm chinh dupe nhd vao sp thay ddi khe hd gifla hai ngudi cue bd phan tilp xiic gifla ru Id cdp bdt va ru Id bdng cdch di chuyin ru Id tren trUpt- ru Id trang-nUdng chay Bdt bdm tren ru Id trdng-nUdng dUpc ldm chin bdi nhi|t trin bl mat ru Id Sau khoang 2.3 Tinh toan nhiet tren ru Id trdng-nUdng 15 gidy, ddi bdnh trdng se dUpc tach khdi ru Id banh (nhllt lam chin banh) ^ TAP CHl CO KHi V I £ T NAM V Sd (Thang ndm 2013) NGHIEN CUU - TRAO D6I Banh dupe nUdng chin nhd he thdng gia nhiet bang diln trd dupe lap dat ben tren ru 16 trdng-nUdng (cd sd nguyen ly tren hinh va so khdng gian tren hinh 7) Theo kinh nghiem cua cd sd san xuat thi bdt dUpc pha theo ti le kg bdt pha vdi k% nUdc NhU vdy, phan tram ban dau ma nUdc chda hon hpp hot la 4/9 = 44.44% Sau banh chin dp am cua banh la 14% 2.3.1 Tinh todn lUdng nhiet lam chin 1 ^ hot sau da pha Xet lupng nhiet can thiet de lam bay hoi di 44,44 % -14% = 30,44% nUdc Lupng nhiet bao gom luong nhiet can thiet de dUa nUdc td nhiet dp hot ban dau tU 30''C len lOCC va lUOng nhiet hda hoi h i t 30,44% nUdc Hinh 6: Sd nguyen ly cua cum trdng-nUdng bdnh (chii gidi cdc chi tiit nhuhinh 4) LUpng nhiet de dUa nUdc len nhiet dp sdi (100°C) d ap suat khdng la; Q, = m.Cp.(lCO-30) = 0,3044x4,13x70 = 88(kJ) (1) Nhiet luong can thiet de lam bay hoi 30,44% nude la: Qj = m.r = 0,3044 X 2270 = 691 (kJ) (r = 2270 kJ/1^ - nhiet an hda hoi cua nUdc) (2) Hinh 7: Hinh vi 3D cum trdng-nUdng bdnh Q = Q, + Q, + Qj = 88 + 691 + 188,68 = 967,67 (kJ) (4) Nhiet dung rieng cua hon hop bpt theo cdng thUc: Cp=g,.C,+g,.C,j=2,44x5/9+413x4/9=3,19(kI%K) gi,gj: % phan hon hpp; C,, = 2,44 kJ/kg.K; nhiet rung riing cua bdt khd; C^2 = 4,13 kJ/kg.K : nhiet dung rieng cua nUdc; Lupng nhiet can thiet de dUa hon hop bpt tU nhilt dp ban dau (30°C) d i n nhiet dp banh chin(115''C): Q, = (1 - 0,3044) X 3,19 X (115 - 30) = 188,68 (k)) (3) TU (1), (2) va (3) ta co tdng lupng nhilt can thilt de lam chin I kg bpt sau da pha: TAP CHl C O KHl VIET NAM V Theo sd heu thUc tl, mdt ca sdn xuat (8 h) vdi nang suat 40.000 san pham can khoang 120 kg bpt Vay tdng lUpng nhilt can cung cap cho mgt ca sdn xuat: Q' = Q.m = 967,67 x 120 = 116124 (kJ) (5) Vay tong nhilt lUpng can cung cap ca tinh theo Watt la: Q= 116124*1000/(8x3600)= 4032 (W) (7) 2.3.2 Tinh lUdng nhilt thdt thodt hai bin rulo trdng-nUdng bdnh va hoc cdch nhi^t Hai be mat cua ruld trang-nUdng banh So (Thang nam 2013) NGHIEN CUTU-TRAO Ddi khdng chiu anh hudng nhiet nhilu nhUng cd di|n trd nen nhilt dp cac b l mat ndy trin thi^c t l khoang SO^C Do vay, ciing xdy that thoat nhilt Cac so lilu tinh todn gdm: / = - ? - = > / = - , - ^ = 51,6''c X 0,037 -> Nhilt dp each nhiet dam bdo khdng cd mdt mdt nhiet nhieu Nhilt dp khdng ngodi trdi t^^ = SO^C Tdn that nhiet qua Idp bpc each nhiet d i | n He sd ^ nhilt cda khdng a=9.3 W/m^dp Diln tich hai mgt bin: ^ ^nD ¥ = ^ 3,14.1,4 = 1.~—=^ = 2,2m2 Tdn that nhilt cua hai b l raat: Q = a.F.At = 9,3 x 2,2 x (50 - 30) = 409,2 (W) Trong dd F Id dien tich bpc each nhiet; Ldp each nhilt dUpc bpc h i t todn bd dien trd ngodi chilm 3/4chu vi ciia ruld trang-nUdng banh Chieu cao tinh tU mat ruld trdng-nUdng tdi Idp tdn bpc ben ngoai Idp each nhilt la 10 era n i n tacd: Q = Eq =1,1 X 198,6 = 218,9 (W) 2.3.3 Tinh toan chpn di^n trd: Bd qua nhi|t lUpng truyln vao ru Id trangnUdng va nhflng tdn thdt qua nhOfng khe hd ndi vao va cda sdn phdra, tdng lUpng nhilt mdt mdt ca Iam vi^c la: Q = 409,2 + 218,9 = 628,1 (W) Cdng suat can thilt dien trd sinh dUpc nhilt lupng can thilt mpt ca san xuat: Q = 4032 + 628,1 = 4660,1(W) F=;r.l,3.0,36.- = U(m2) Nhilt dd diln trd t = 320''C H I sd dan n h i l t cua bdng thiiy tinh Id X = 0,037 (W/m.K) Chilu day Idp bdng thuy tinh = cm Vi hai Idp tdn bpc b i n vdo ngodi Idp bdng thuy tinh la tUdng ddi mdng (2nira) nen ta tinh coi nhU la trUdng hpp d i n nhilt chi qua mdt Idp M^t dp ddng nhi|t truyln tfl ngodi qua ldp bdng thuy tinh: X" a 0,037 "^9.3 Tinh nhi^t dd tai be mat b i n ngodi cua ldp cdch nhi|t Vay, ta chpn tdng cdng suat can thilt cda dien trd gia nhiet Id 5000 (W) KET L U A N Mdt thilt k l mdi cda thilt bi sdn xudt ti^ ddng banh trang bd bia da dUpc d l xudt Thilt bi cd nhilu Uu dilm so vdi thilt bi nhdp ngoai nhu he thdng gia nhiet vd lara raat ddn gidn Bin canh dd, thiet hi cho phep de dang dilu chinh dd day cua banh trdng nhd viec cap banh bang ru-ld Hdn the nfla, chat lUpng be mat banh bdng nhdn hdn nhd viec sfl dung Ian de banh Thiet bi san xuat tU ddng bdnh trang bd bia thilt ke cd t h i dimg thay cho viec sdn xudt banh bang phUdng phdp thu cdng Sfl dpng thiet bi cho phep tang ndng suat, chat lUpng ciuig nhU ddm bao dilu kiln vl sinh thflc pham sdn xuat banh trang bd bia Dilu dd giup cho vile ndng cao vi the cfla sdn pham bdnh trdng bd bia, phpc vu nhu cau tieu thu nUdc vd xudt khau • '^ TAP CHf C O KHl VIETNAM V Sd (Thdng nam 2013) NGHIEN CUTU-TRAO Ddi Ngdy nhdn bdi: 12/5/2013 Ngdy phdn bien: 15/6/2013 NgUdi phan biln: PGS, TS Vu Ngoc Pi, TrUdng Dai hpc Ky thudt Cdng nghiep Thai Nguyin Tdi lieu tham khao: [1] Nguyin Hfiu Ldc Cd sd thiit kimdy, NXB Dai hpc Qudc gia TP Hd Chi Minh, 2008 [2] Btti Dmh Tin, Nhiit ddng lUc hgc ky thudt, NXB Dai hpc Qudc gia TR Hd Chi Minh, 2002 13] Ll Bach Tiiyet, Cdc qud trinh cd bdn sdn xudt thUcphdm, NXB Giao dpc, 1998 I4] http://www2.wattdrive.com [5] http://www.tapchiamthuc.vn [6] http://www.skf.com [7] http://www.grainger.com TAP CHI CO KHi VIETNAM • Sd (Thang nam 2013)