Nghiên cứu thiét kế các thiét bị của bệ thử phanh để kiểm tra hệ thống phạn ABS

NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO D | NGHIEN CLPU THI^T Kt CAC THI^T Bl COA BE THLP PHANH Dt KieWI TRA HE T H N G PHANH ABS 'TS Nguyin Van TVd, ^ThS Huynh Minh Hdu 'Hpe viln Ky thudt Qudn sfl, ^Sd Khoa hoc Cdng nghe tinh Ddng Nai TOM TAT Bdi bdo trinh bdy md hinh vd trinh tU tinh todn cdc thiit bi thiet ki, cdi tiin be thiCphanh, de kiem tra ddnh gid cdc thdng so hi thdng phanh cd bd chdng hdm cUngbdnhxe (ABS) Kit qud nghiin cUu laluqn cUkhoa hgc cho cdc tram ddng kiem tham khdo dehodn thien cdc thiet bi be thvt phanh ABSTRACT This paper presents the model and order calculation when designing or innovation the testing brake in order to check the parameters ofunti-lock braking system (ABS) Researching results are refered for automotive registration center to improve a components of testing brake I.DATVANDE Trong ITnh vflc dang kilm d td, dac bilt quan tdm din viec phdt triln vd hodn thien cdng nghe cung nhfl cdc thilt bi phuc vu thfl nghiem he thdng phanh, he thdng be thfl phanh O cde trung tam dang kilm nfldc ta hien nay, ehfla kilm tra xac dinh dflpc chdt Iflpng Idm vile cua he thdng phanh cd bd ehdng ham cflng bdnh xe (ABS) ma chi kiem tra ddnh gid dflpc hilu qud phanh Vi vay, nghiin eflu thiet k l be thfl phanh cho nhflng xe hien dai cd trang bi he thdng phanh ABS dat la can thiet cum: bdnh xe vd he thdng dan ddng phanh thuy lflc, cum dan ddng bdnh xe, mdy tinh vd thilt bi hien thi (hinh 1) NGHIEN CUU THIET KE BE THU' PHANH 2.1 Xay dflne md hinh be thu bd chong ham Cling banh xe kh phanh (ABS) Md hinh be thfl bp chdng ham cflng banli , , ,- , , i , ^ ^^^ ^^ ^^, ^^, ^-^^ ^^ .^ 1^,^ pha.h, Hop g,am toe ^ ^^^^^^ ^^-^^ g^ truyen xich, Cac Ian dSn dong, ^e Sli dung t h e o n g u y e n ly k i e u d p n g c o - h o p giani Cam bien toe do, Banh xe kiem tra, 9, Bang dieu khien, toe can bang, cau tao chinh cua md hinh gdm cac H) Mav iinh yi\ thici hi hicn thi TAP THf CO KHI VIET NAM So (Thang niim 2012) "^ NGHIEN ClJfU - TRAO B6\ Con lan truyin lpc din banh xe nhd lflc 2.2 Tinh toan thiet kl cac thilt hi trln b^ thfl bdm, md lflc bam thi phu thupc vdo h | sd bdm phanh gifla bl mat eon lan vd bdnh xe Khi thilt kl cdi tiln b^ thfl phanh ABS, Ngodi cdc ylu td thupc vl kit cdu cua Idp cde thdnh phan thiet hi nlu md hinh (hinh 1) dlu dflpc tinh todn ky Ifldng Di tri dflpc xe (dp sudt ldp, d^ng hoa ldp, tdi trpng ), h | sd trang thdi cua bdnh xe nhfl h | thdng phanh bdm gifla bdnh xe chu dpng vd eon Ian php thupc ABS boat dpng chdng bd cflng bdnh xe thi vi|c cac ylu td nhfl: nguyin li|u chl t^o bl mat tinh todn eon lan cung vdi bd truyin dpng khd ldn, hinh dang bl mat ldn vd ddc bi|t Id dfldng phflc tap, d day tap trung trinh bdy vipc tinh todn kinh lan thilt kl eon lan vd ddng eo di|n dflpc sfl dpng b | thfl Dilu ki|n tdc dung eua ldp xe vdi sfl quay cua ldn vd vdi mat dfldng Id khdc nhau, qud trinh dd, cd sfl thay ddi cua lpc phan bd d cdc 2.2.1 Chgn chidd khdo sdt vj tri tilp xuc cua ldp bl mat Idp Dai Iflpng d^c trflng eho sfl phan bd dp Ifle rieng d chd tilp xuc • Tai trpng: Id h | sd ma sdt vd Iflc cdn dao dpng Chung ta dl Tdi trpng Id mpt thdng sd hit sfle quan ddng nhdn thay rdng di|n tich tilp xuc gifla lop trpng dl tinh todn cae ehi tilt cung nhfl tinh bin vdi be mat lan nhd hdn di^n tich tilp xuc gifla kit cau eho be thfl Trln be thfl, tdi trpng d^t lln ldp vd mat dfldng, cdn ap Ifle rieng thi ldn hon mdi bdnh xe dflpc sinh Iflc silt cua cde bu Thflc nghiem cho thay ap lflc rieng eua ldp xe va Idng gifla true banh xe va khung Dfla trln so lipu eon lan ldn hdn 30 •^ 35 %, dilu dan den thay thfle tl eua ede xe du ljch cd the xac dinh tai trpng ddi he sd bdm dat lln mdi banh Id 400 kg Ngoai ra, dp vdng eua lan anh hfldng • Toe dp: din dp trflpt eua banh xe, tfle la dp trflpt php thupc vao dfldng kinh eon lan Sfl quan h | gjGa ty 1| dfldng Vile xac dinh van tde cua md hinh phdi kinh Ian vdi dfldng kinh bdnh xe vd dp trflpt ddm bdo hpp ly Nlu chpn vain tdc nhd qua se ldm tflOng ddi gifla ehung dflpc the hi|n tren hinh cho kit qud thfl khdng chinh xdc, khdng sat vdi dilu kiln boat ddng cua d td Nhflng nlu chpn van tdc thfl qud ldn se gay rung dpng ldn, khdng ddm bdo dil'u kiln dn dinh cua qua trinh kilm tra, gdy mat an toan Mat khac, chpn van tde ldn thi kit cau cde thilt bi trln md hinh se Idn, cdng kenh, yeu cau phai cung cap mpt ngudn nang Iflpng cd cdng sudt ldn Dl ddm bao dilu ki|n lam vi|c cua bp dilu khien dien tfl va the hi|n dflpc sfl thay ddi tdc dp cua banh xe qud trinh phanh, ta chpn van tdc thfl cfla banh xe trln md hinh la km/h 2.2.2 Tinh todn thiet ke ldn • Tinh toan thilt ke dfldng kinh lan: TAP CHf CO KHI VlfiT NAM V Hinh 2: B6 thi quan h | dp trflpt bdnh xe theo ty s6 a = Del /Dbx Trln hinh 2, X la dp trflpt tflong ddi gifla Sd (Thang Snam^ni?-) NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO OOl banh xe vd mat lan, a la ty sd gifla dfldng kinh lan va dfldng kinh banh xe Dfla vdo dd thi ta thay sfl trflpt tflOng ddi on dmh a > 0,4, bat dau tang a = 0,25 ^ 0,4 vd tang rat nhanh a < 0,2 De dam bao dp trflpt dn dmh, ta chpn a = 0,3 Dfla vao he sd ndy, dfldng kinh eon lan dflpc tinh nhfl sau: D, = a x D =2xax/? (1) = 7,50 ; L = 370 mm; h = bd lln true eon lan chu ddng va Idm giam trpng 49,2 mm Iflpng phan bd lln true ldn bi ddng Khi ay, Ifle ma sdt sinh tren ede bl mat lan tflOng 2.2.3 Tinh todn chgn dgng cd dien flng cung biln ddi theo Hpp lflc R cua eae lflc ma sat vd lflc G tao vdi dfldng thang dflng mdt gde T tdng dan theo md men phanh Cho din V > a, dilu ki|n mat dn dinh xdy Khi dd, nlu he sd ma sdt du ldn thi bdnh xe se cd xu hfldng bi bat khdi cdc lan De khae phuc dilu ndy can phdi dung cac mdi ghep dl cd dinh trpc banh xe vdi khung be thfl • Tinh cac kich thfldc bd tri lan theo « va ^ Tinh cong sudt can thiet: Cdng suat can thilt dflpc tinh: A', TAP CHl CO KHI VlfiT NAM V (7) Trong d6: N - cong suat tren lan [W]; P - \\lc phanh Idfn nhat tren lan [N], bo qua sU thay d6i ap lUc tac dung l^n cac lan qua trinh phanh ta co: r pmai Hinh 6: Kich thfldc bd tri Ian I Banh xe kiem tra, Con l5n chu dpng, Con lan bi dpng -[W] f^ ' ' J ms la he so ma sat 16n nhat gifla banh xe va lan, f^ = 0,75; v la v|in toe dai ciia lan S6 (Thang SjuUliflia NGHIEN CUfU-TRAODOI [m/s], v = k m / h = 1,67 (m/s); r j - hieu suat cua bo truyin ' ^^^ 1"^ tinh toan eon Ian va ddng co d i | n dflpc trinh bay cp thi, tfl kit qud dd cd the g tham khdo cdi tien be thfl phanh d l kilm tra ddnh - \ -ll -Vi ll (^) gid chat Iflpng h | thdng phanh cd bd ehdng ham eflng banh xe (ABS) phuc vu cho cac tram dang n ^ = 0,96 - hieu suat bp truyen xich; kilm vd nghiin cflu khoa hpc rj^ = 0,92 - hieu suat cua mpt cap banh rdng; \ = 0,995 - hieu sudt cfla mpt cap d lan; n , u•! - L i'I = - hieu suat cua khdp noi _ J ,, , ^ Thay so, tinh toan duoc: rt-niQi N - 6262 S « / 'I - tJ,/ol,'*c^ u.iui,j \Y - Cdc phan khde be thfl si dflpc nghien cflu vd trinh bay cde sd bdo ' ° tiep theo Be thfl phanh kiem tra ddnh gia chdt Ifldng he thdng phanh ed bp chdng hdm cflne , , , °^"^ ^^ ^^^^^ " ^ ^ ^^"^"^ ^^^^ ,, ^ * , ^ i , ,, ^^"S ^^ '^'^ V '^S^^^ , , Ion ve viec kiem tra dmh ky an toan ky thudt cho ^^^ phflong tiln co gidi dfldng bp • • Chpn dong cd dien: Dfla vdo edng suat can thilt tinh todn dflpc, ta tien hdnh chpn dpng ca diln Ddng co diln cdn chpn phai cd cdng suat Idn hon cdng suat Tai lilu tham khao: can thilt, Id loai ddng ca diln khdng ddng bd t 'IT,' ' ^-J 1' [iL Trinh Chat, Ll Van Uyen: Tinh toan thilt kl he pria, CO Joia nang qua tai ngan han Ion, lam viee ' , , , o dan done CO NXB Giao due, 2006 on dinh Chon dpng CO dien 4A112M2Y3 la loai [2] Vu Dflc Lap: Dong lflc hoc phanh O to Hoc vien ^ - j ^ ^ j , Q „ „ ^^^ j j j j j j ^oos dong CO dien khong dong bg ba pha co he s6 triJgt cao dilgc che kin, co qujt gio va co cac thong so [3), Bao Hoa Viet: Thiet bi dien - dien tfl tren xc Hoc ky thuat sau: vien Ky thuat Quan su, 2005 Cong suat dong cO: N = 7,5 kW; So vong W- McLoughlin JH, 'Limited slip braking.' Anti-lock quay dinh mile: n^^ = 2922 vong/phlit; Braking Systems for Road Vehicles, IMechE, London, Hieu dien the: 220 / 380 V; Hieu suat: n = 0,875 "*^' 15] Roneld K.Jurgen, Automotive Electronics Hand- 3-KSTLUAN book (2nd Edition), 1995 Bai bao da dat dlloc ket qua sau: [5] Remling j Brakes, New York, 1978 - Tren co s6 mot so loai be thii phanh thUc [7] Rudolf Limpert, Brakes Design and Safety Society f mo t m h tinh toan thiet ke be thil he thong of Automotive Engineers, Inc Warrendalc, 1999 phanh ABS dilac xay dilng kha day du TAP CHl CO KHi VlfiT NAM *tf S6 (Thang nam 2012) ^ ^ ... the g tham khdo cdi tien be thfl phanh d l kilm tra ddnh - \ -ll -Vi ll (^) gid chat Iflpng h | thdng phanh cd bd ehdng ham eflng banh xe (ABS) phuc vu cho cac tram dang n ^ = 0,96 - hieu suat... Be thfl phanh kiem tra ddnh gia chdt Ifldng he thdng phanh ed bp chdng hdm cflne , , , °^"^ ^^ ^^^^^ " ^ ^ ^^"^"^ ^^^^ ,, ^ * , ^ i , ,, ^^"S ^^ ''^''^ V ''^S^^^ , , Ion ve viec kiem tra dmh ky... dd: R^i Id ban kinh eon Ian, R^i = —— = 95 mm Khi bdt ddu dap phanh, lflc phanh se sinh Dp I|ch tdm gifla ede true eon lan: mdt md men phanh banh xe, ngflpc chiiu chuyin dpng cfla banh xe Md men