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KHDA HOC VA C A N B NGHE MO _^^ i m DUNG HE THONG CAC YEU TO ANH H U ' N G D E N MOI TRUdNG NU'dC TRONG KHni THflC THAN TRI VI€T NAM TS LE BINH DUONG - Vien KHCN Md-Vinacomin ThS LE THI MINH HANH - Trwdng Dpi hgc Mo-Dja chai ogt ddng bao vg mdi trudng khai thac than tgi Vigt Nam cdng dup'c quan tdm vd chCi trpng Nhieu chuang trinh eai tao mdi jdng da vd dang dup'c triln khai Tuy nhien, hign tai i ehua cd cac danh gia eg the ve higu qua cua cdng ,c quan ly vd cac edng nghg xi> ly d nhiim mdi LFdng Do dd, vigc xay dyng hg thong eac ylu t l anh jdng din mdi tnfdng la cdn thilt Hg thing ylu t l ay se ddnh gid hien trgng quan ly, edng nghd xu ly u-dc thai tai cdc md than vd de xult nhdm elp tiiiet in thyc hign cac giai phdp ddi mdi quan ly va jng nghe bao vg tai nguydn nudc ) Phan tich cac y l u td anh hu^ng d i n mdi tru'dng nu'dc khai thac than tai Vi^t Nam Viec ddnh gid tdng hyp cdc bi#n phdp quan ly, ddi mdi edng nghg de bao vg mdi trudng nude td khai thdc than tai Vidt Nam Id mpt vln d l phuc tgp Trong danh gid cac giai phap bao vd mdi trudng nudc khai thac than, duyc khuyin eao su dgng phuong phdp ddnh giatrpng so Phuang phap ndy ddnh gia mdc dp thay ddi Idn nhit eua tdng ylu t l , tu dd dua danh gid tdng hpp din sy ddi mdi v l quan ly va cdng ngh0 cua cdc bign phdp bao ve mdi trudng nudc Phuang phdp edn cho phep dy bao cdc ylu to nghien cdu ddnh gid Khi phdn Tong quan tich cac ylu t l npi-ngogi sinh cua cdc yeu t l nhu Trong thdi gian gin day, hogt dpng bao vg mdi dia chit md, dja chit thuy van, edng nghd san xudt, udng vung than Quang Ninh ngdy cang kinh t l , xa hpi, mdi tm'dng, tai nguyen hgu, hanh upc quan tam va chO trpng Nhilu chuang trinh chinh-phdp ly se dua den cdc ddnh gia ve hieu qua tgo mdi trudng da va dang duae triln khai nhu cua cae gidi phdp bao vg mdi trudng nudc cac LJ" 19 nude thai md, trlng cdy phgc hoi bdi thai, xu edng ty khai thdc than Cae budc phan tieh, he tiidng ' byi nhim dap ung cae yeu clu cua Ludt bao hda cdc ylu to anh hudng din hoat dpng bao vg mdi mdi trudng va hudng tdi mge tidlj san xuat sgch trudng nude cua cdng ty khai thdc than nhu sau: an nganh Than Tu nam 2009 den nay, Tgp • Lya chpn ylu t l d l danh gia higu qua cae odn Cdng nghigp Than-Khodng san Vidt Nam da giai phdp v l quan ly vd ddi mdi edng nghe l u tu 34 tram xu ly nudc thai bing cdng nghe bao vg mdi trudng nudc; ong va ngoai nude Theo Quy hogch phdt triln *:* Phan loai, hd thong hda cdc ylu td lya ehpn ganh than Vi^t Nam d i n nam 2020, cd xet triln Dng den ndm 2030, nhOng nam tdi, san d l ndng cao higu qua ddnh gid anh hudng din cdc giai phdp v l quan I;?, doi mdi cdng ngh$ bao pang than se tilp tge tang d l dap dng nhu cdu ae nganh kinh t l nudc Nhu vdy, yeu cdu vg mdi trudng nudc td qud trinh khai thdc than; • Thilt lap "trpng so" cua tung ylu t l ddnh gid; Lf 1^ lupng nudc thai tu hogt ddng san xuat va • Tinh todn anh hudng cua cae yeu t l nghien he biln than cung gia tang^tuong dng De ddnh id higu qua ve quan ly' vd doi mdi edng nghg cua cuu ve sy thay ddi gid trj cua cde eh? sd viee ac giai phdp bao vg mdi trudng nudc khai bao vg mdi trudng nude khai thde than ldc than, can thilt phai xdy dyng hg thon^ eac Cdc yeu to phan tich, danh gid cac giai phdp v l =u t l anh hudng tdi mdi trudng Cac yeu to quan ly vd dli mdi cdng nghg bao vg mdi uoc phan tich, danh gid dya tren ly thuylt h$ vd trudng nudc khai thdc than tgi Viet Nam duac xdc ldng phdn tich vd ddnh gid tdng hpp giua hogt djnh tren co sd thdm dinh ddnh gia, cd ttnh din tdm ong san xult vd cac y l u to kinh te-mdi trudng cua quan trpng cua tung ylu td Danh gia cac ylu t l cdn ing ty khai thac than dupc ttiyc hign dya tren cdc tidu chuin tiilm djnh CONG NGHIEP MO, SO - 1^^ KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO ianh gia, danh gia dupc thipc hien theo b6n cap ph^p ly) Gi6 trj p tb du'pc x6c djnh nhu sau: ip, tir (nho nhat) din (I6n nhit) Xu ly cac kit qua thlm i^nh danh gia dupc xac Jinh bing trung binh s6 (p „, ) ciJa cac ylu t l PB>=J=3 n anh huo'ng lln lupt cho tCrng nhom ylu t l (dia chit no, dia chit thuy van, cong nghe san xult, kinh t l , x5 Trong dd: py - Ddnh gid thlm djnh trpng s l i thi ipi, moi trud'ng, tai nguyfin hau va hanh chinh- ylu to nhdm; n - S l lup'ng nhdm ddnh gli" Bang Dinh gii cic yeu to inh hudng din quyit dinh thtrc hiin cac giii phip quan If vi dii ml :^ng nghe bao ve mii tnrdng nudc tir qui trinh khai thic than t^i Vijt Nam m Dja chit thOy Cdng nghe san xuat Kinh te Xd hpi Mdi trudng H4nh chinhphSp Tai nguygn "hi MM Ting phyang sa'i eua cdc ylu t l ddnh gid ar-0,75 Khdi lugng nudc ehay vao md Nudc chay vao md td cdc t s l luyng cae tang chda nudc bj phd huy~ chda nudc Dp gidu nude cua cdc via Tdng phuang sai cua cae yeu to ddnh gia cif=0,875 Hign trgng doi mdi cdc phu-ong phap khai thdc va Ndng lyc san xuat chl biln than Mdc dp trang bj cdng nghg b^o vg-mdi tru'dng Hign tr^ng ddi mdi cdng ngh^ bao v$ tndi Ndng lyc cdng nghg bao v0 mdi trudng trydng hi0n cd Khii luyng khai thdc than Tdng phuang ^ i c u a cdc yeu to ddnh gid, at=0,833 Phi bao ve moi trudng nu'dc Khdi luyng ddu tu cho cdc hogt dpng wJ mdi a l Khii lu'yng ddu tu" vao cac cdng ngfie c ^ d j Phi su dung tdi nguyen nu^e thi$n vdi mdi tofdng khai thde vd ehel Phi su dung tdi nguydn ddt than Lpi nhuan doanh nghipp Tong phuang sai cOa cdc y l d t l ddnh gid, ar=0,708 Trinh dp ky thu#l cua cong nhdn Mdt dO dan cu khu vyc anh hu'dng cDa khai ITnh vye bio vg mdi tru'dng thdc than tdi mdi trudng Khu vyc phdt triln Khu vye phat triln ndng nghidp vd thfly sdrT Ting phuang sal cua cdc y l u t l ddnh gid cv=0,875 Khii luyng nudc thai mo tbSi Chit luyng nydc tgi cdc ngudn tilp nhdn vdo mdi tnjdng Kim logi nang nudc tt^ mo Chit lyyng ^ "^i-': Mit dat eho eac bdi thdi rrig : GiA trj moi trtf&ng khu vugkhalthatMlft^": Tang phugng sal cOa cac y l u t l danh Bi6, Jt6q,857 Cai tien hp thong bao v§ mdi Hp thong l u j l phSp, M u cbuln hi#n tianh lli^ tfudng mo vgc bgo v0 m6i trufrna Caltienhplhongquanly,khailhaclhan I GI6i han thai d i l t nhi&rfyao kh6ng.k8l nui>c, Tdng phtfprig sai cua cac y l u t l danh gia, ar=0,7S Dja hinh Lugng mipa Tong phifgng sai cua cac.y&u t l aanh gia, a,^0,7S H$ s l tmng binh cac ylu t l inh hu€iJB; trpng sl:P=0,799 u l CfiNG NGHIEP MO, stf 4-2015 it^ds,ci^tm\ishif'imi^^m'mmtt>t^'M _^^ KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO Muc ao anh hu-ang cua cac y l u to tai sg Iga hgn cac cong ty a l thgc hl$n cac thay a l l v l cong ighS cung nhu to chiic quan ly ITnh vgc bao pmoi truong nggc, cac trpng so aanh gia! duoc nam ajnh aanh gia Bang TO cac phan tich tren se dua cac yeu t l d n em x « cho vipc danh gia giai phap ve quan ly va loi mgi cong nghp bao vS moi trg&ng nugo tai ac mo than Vipt Nam Trong qua trinh phan tich cac ylu t l anh hggng la siJ dung chggng trinh STATISTICA d l tao lap ac thang tin eg ban, bao gom 37 yiu t l , rpng s l aanh gia va tim quan trpng cua cac thang so Ihu moi trugng, kinh te, xa hpi, cong nghg san xult 'han tich la cg sg d l xip hang va tao lap cao Ihom ali.tgpng (c8ng ty khai thac than) cin thifc hien vipc dli mgi bao vp tai nguyen nuo'c Phan loai cong ty khai thac than theo cac mu'c dp anh hu'O'ng khac tai moi tru'O'ng o l danh gia muc dp anh huo'ng cOa cac ylu t l toi vipc Iga chpn cac cong ty khai thac than thgc hien vipc d l i mgi bao vp tai nguyen nyo'c cin thilt phai phan loai va chia theo ti>ng nhom cong ty VO'I cac muc dp anh hggng tieu cgc khac to'i moi trggng xung quanh Vl#c phan loai cac cong ty dupc tinh theo chT s l p (h# s l trung binh cOa cac ylu t l anh hygng to'i viec Iga chpn cac cdng ty khal thac than thgc hien vipc d l i moi bao ve tai nguyen nuo'c), no phan anh sg danh gia toan dien cua cac ylu t l , va gia tri thay a l l tO cao aIn thip (hlnh H.1) jjHyilH ^^^^^^^t cac hoat ^ ^ ^ H R p t moi quan ly B P H p f l V n g cSng n^i4 W'min trone bao vf fai ( ngLiv€nnuoe Kdom •Cac m6 than dupc lihuyen cito ap dvmg etc ho?t £t§ng ddi m6i quii ly vS ^ dimg cfing ngh^ moi biio v | tdi nguySn nuoc y 1 * Cac mo than d ^ ung eac y&u cSu y l mdi truong iTong dieu k i ^ hoat dang hiSn tai ciia doanh nghiep ^^^^H B H Xep hang cdc cdng ty khat thac than theo nhdm nghien cdu Cde edng ty vdi cac y§u t6 tac dpng cao (p") ;d dac tinh nhu" sau: dilu ki?n dja chat md, thuy vdn ihdc tap, thuOc khu vyc thilu nu'dc danh eho ndng ighi^p, thupc khu vye dan cu' hoac cae khu vyc edn iao vg dge bi^t Do vay, viee khai thde than edn tudn IU eae quy ^nh nghiem nggt ve mdi tm'dng • p^ ^0,7, cac cdng ty khai thae than du'oc ihdn logi vao nhdm 1, nhdm can thyc hi0n cdc loat ddng doi mdi quan ly thyc hi$n cdc giai ihap bao v^ mdi tru'dng va ap dyng cdng nghe ldi dd thay doi tinh trang hiĐn tai; ã 0,7>p" ^0,5, cdc cdng ty khai thdc than du-yc hdn logi vdo nhdm 2, nhdm du'yc khuyen cdo p dung cac bi?n phap ddi mdi quan ly va ac giai phdp bao v0 mdi tru-dng; • p"
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