THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
H8i Dia I^ ViSt Nam Dai hgc Thai Nguyen A N H GIA A N H HU'CfNG C U A HOAT DONG KHAI T H A C V A CHE BI^N DA VOI DEN D I S O N G CUA NHAN DAN TAI HOA LU^, NINH BINH Truong Phuang Dung\ Dang Xuan Phong', Le Thj Thanh Tam' •Abstract Rock exploitation and processing activities with large scale in limestone quarry of Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh province has affected seriously to environment, the lives of local people and landscape in the region Most of the cultivated land are declining humus, nutnent contents The farmlands tend gradually t be barren due to dust and macadam intrusion Surface water and ground water were contaminated by du ' oil microorganisms and organic matter The air is heavily polluted by some factors such as dust, noise an vibration that are exceeded many times compared to Vietnamese environmental standards (QCVN) The factors have decresed the crop yield and number of catties and pets, damaging the local economy Besides the number of people having respiratory and skin diseases are rising, especially increasing the number o deaths due to lung cancer in recent years I.DATVANDE Hoa Lu Id mgt huypn nim d trang tdm tinh Nmh Binfa, dugc lap nam 1977 va mang ten kinh dd Hoa Lu cua Vi^t Nam tfafi ky X vi phin Idn cac di tich cua co Hoa Lu hipn nam tren huypn ndy Hoa Lu thugc viing ban son dja, cd nfaieu cdnfa quan tfaien nfaien nfau khu faang dpng Trang An, Tam Coc - Bich Dpng ben cgnh cac diticfathugc quin thfi di tich Co Hoa Lu da dugcfainfathanfa va luu giu tii faan 1000 ndm ttudc Nhung that ddng buon kfai nhung taypt tac, tdi s ^ vo gid cua tiiien nhien nhu vgy lai dang bj ngudi tan phd Cfai ttong vai nam gin day, tinh Ninh Binh da pfae duy^t fadng loat van bdn ttong cho phep xdy dyng nhd may xi mdng He Dudng vd Duyen Hd lien ke Khu du hch Tam Coc - Bich Dgng md rong sdn xuat, nang cong suat len gap nhifiu lan Sy xuat hien cang nhifiu nhirng nhd mdy xi mang khien nhifiu mii 3a voi nhanh chdng bi hien mat Cfai vdng vdi thdng sau dugc cap phep, mgt qud nui da vdi simg sung nhanh chdng hi che ndt, hi ggt dshi nfaam nhd [1] Thay vdo Id nhung 16 nung voi va cac nha mdy xi mdng vdi cong suat ngdy cdng dugc tdng tfaem Mgc du ngdnfa kfaai thdc vd che bien khoang san nfau da vdi, dd ldm xi mdng, tfaan biui, cat, dat lam ggch ngdi v.v gdp phan tich cyc vdo CO cau phdt trifin kinh te - xafagieua Tinh, tay nhien, cdc hogt dpng khai thdc vd chfi bifin khoang sdn cdn hoc lg nhieu han che ddc bipt la van de dam bdo an toan kfaai tfaac, gidi pliap bdo V? mdi tmdng, siic kfao6 ngudi lao dgng vd egng dong ddn cu noi cd boat d^ng khai thdc khoang sdn Do vipc "Ddnh gid dnh hudng ciia hogt ddng Idiai thdc vd chi bien dd vdi din ddi sdng ciia nhdn ddn tai Hao Lu - Ninh Binh" dfi tu dfi xuit mgt so gidi p h ^ bdo ve canh quan moi tmdng Id rat cin thiet Dfi thyefaiSndugc myc tieu neu tren, cac tdc gid ^ su dyng mgt so pfauong phap vd ki tfauat trinfa bdy dudi day Cac phuong phdp vd kT thugt ndy se dugc su dyng mgt each linh hogt vd kfit hgp bo sung cfao cho phii hgp vdi tiing noi dung nghien eiiu Phuong phap thu thdp, he thong hod vd phan tich cdc tdi Hpu hipn cd vfifaogtdpng kfaai thdc khoang sdn vd hoi phyc cdnh quan ty nhien khu vuc Pfauong pfaap tong fagp dia ly Pfauong pfaap kfado sat tfayc dia: lay mau khong khi, mai nude Pfadng vin tryc tifip egng doi^ dan cu bdng cdc bdng hdi TiNH^^H^KHAI T H A C VA CHE BIEN D A KHU VI/C NGHIEN CtTU Hogt dgng khai thdc da xay dung trSn dia ban tinh Nmfa Bmh dang c6 xu the md rgng vfi phgm vi hogt dgng, quy mo khai thac vd san lugng khai tiiac, dgc bi§t tir nam 2000 dfin Ndm 2005, tren dia ban tinh cd 58 don vi da duge c ^ phep khai thdc chfi bifin khoang sdn Khoang sdn dugc khai tfaac nhifiu nhit la vgt lieu xay dung cac logi Theo thong ke cua Sd Tai nguySn vd Mdi tradng Ninh Binh sdn lugng kfaai thdc da voi nam 2005 ttong tinh Id 2.487.430 m^ Jjj^ Bfa t^-Vi^n Hon Ldm KHS^CN VietNam Kpyiu Hdi nghi Khoa hgcDia Iptodn qudc ldn thd '~~ _ _ _ ^ _ _ _ ^~^ UHj Hpi Dia ly Viet Nam Dai hoc Thdi Nguyen Nam 2006 cd 59 don vi dugc cip phep khai thac vd che bifin khodng san Khodng sdn dugc khai thdc nhifiu nfaat vdn la vdt lieu xdy dung cdc loai, gdm da vdi xi mang, dolomit, set xi mdng da xdy dyng, cat xdy dung vd san lip, set gach ngdi vd dat da san lap Dfin tiidng nam 2007, tren dia ban tinh cd 58 don vi dugc cap phep khai thdc da vdi 56 giay phep dugc c ^ , gdm + 55 giiy phep khai thac da voi va dolomit phong hod dfi san xuit vat hpu xay dyng, vdi tong dien tich la 195,33faava tong san lugng khai thdc 839,908 mVnam + 01 giay phep khai tiidc da Iam nguyen lieu san xuit xi mdng c ^ cho Cdng ty xi mang Tam Diep, vdi dien tich Id 58,04 ha, san luong khai tiidc 1.420.000 tin/ndm Nhu vgy, dfin nam 2006 va 2007 khodng san dugc khai thac nhieu nhit v§n la vgt Hpu xay dyng cdc logi, gom da vdi xi mdng, dolomit, set xi mang, dd xay dyng, cat xay dung va san 1^, set ggch ngoi va dit dd san l ^ Va binh qudn moi nam Ninh Binh khai thdc khoang tren 000,000 m^ dat, da cdc logi, [2] Theo kfit qua tiiong ke ciia Sd Tdi nguyen Mdi tmdng tinh Ninh Binh nam 2011 cho thiy tgi huyen Hoa Lu ed doanh nghipp khai tiidc da da dugc c ^ phep vd kfaai thdc vdi cong suit 237.000mVnam Tuy nhien, ttong 02 nam trd lai day cong suit kfaai thae cua cdc md da vdi tgi tinh Ninh Binh da gidm khoang 30-40% so vdi cdc nam trade cd kho khan vfi thj tradng tieu thy san pham [3] A N H HLTdNG C U A C A C HOAT DONG KHAI T H A C V A CHE BIEN D A DEN SlTC K H O E V A DCil SONG S A N X U A T C U A N H A N D A N TRONG vClNG Hogt dgng khai thdc vd chfi bifin dd tren quy md ldn d khu md da voi da anh huong sau sdc dfin mdi tradng vgt ly, mdi tmdng sinh thai vd mdi tradng kinh tfi - xa hpi cua khu vyc Cdc nguon gay d nhiem mdi tradng hoat dgng khai thac da bao gom: chat thai rdn, byi, tieng on vd thdi cdng nghipp 3.1 Anh hirdng ciia hogt ddng khai thdc dd dfin sire khde dan cir viing Chiing ta biet rang moi tradng d cdc kfau vyc khai thdc da dd vd dang bj o nfaiem bdi nhifiu yfiu to, dd difin hinh nhit Id khdng kfai va nuoc, dieu da vd dang dnfa hudng ldn dfin sire khde va san xuit cua egng dong dan cu kfau vyc Cd thfi tfaay nhirng anh hudng tryc tifip sau day: * Anh hudng ciia but: Byi Id mpt ttong nhung yeu to nhiem de nhan thay nhit d eac khu vyc khai tfadc dd vd Id yfiu to dnfafaudngnhifiu nfaat dfin siic khde vd san xuit ciia egng dong cu dan noi day, Cdc tdc hgi dfii vdi siic kho6 phy thugc vdo dgc tinh va nong dp cdc chit d nhifim cy the nhu sau: Byi da sinh hoat dgng kfaai tfaac vd cfafi bifin dd la tac nhdn ehinfa cd the gay nhiem moi tmdng lao dgng, Dgc bipt vdi cdc co sd co cone nghp lien quan dfin byi da, xi mang, v.v thi khd ndng gay bSnh phoi rat eao, bpnfa dudng hd hap tifin trifin nfaanh gay kfao thd id rgt, suy phoi dienfainh,tran phfi mgc, Mat kfadc neu thudng xuySn tifip xiic vdi byi tfai nd co tfafi gay ton thuong doi vdi mdt, da hogcfaptieufaoa,nhung chu yfiu van Id sy tham nhgp ciia byi vao phfii hit tfad Dong tfadi, bui cfing cd khd ndng gdy nhiem ban nguon nuoc, lam dnfa hudng dfin ngudi, dgng vat su- dyng tiyc tifip hay gidn tifip ngufin nude bi nfaiem noi tren Qua qua trinh difiu tra, danh gid vfi tinh hinh siic kfaoe cua cong nhan lao ddng tryc tiep tai mpt sd kfau vyc kfaai thdc che bien da vd cdng dong ddn cu noi cd cdc co hogt dgng khai thac chfi bifin da (ffieu tra bdng phuang phdp phdng vin tiyc tifip 50 hg gia dmh tieu bifiu ttong khu vyc) cho thay cdc bieu hifin bpnfa tat cfaii yeu cd lien quan dfin byi dugc tfaong ke Id cdc benh vfi ho faip (nhu ho, viem hgng, viem phfi qudn, viem phfii) vd cdc benh vfi da lieu (nhu ngiia, di ung ) Ngodi nhung bSnh kfi tten thi cdn cd bpnh vfi mdt Tinh hinfa benh tgt chu yfiu xuat hipn d lua tuoi ttd em vd ngudi cao taoi Ngodi tinh trgng mdi tradng d nhiem nghiem ttgng vi bui khifin nam qua nam khac lang mgc, mgng dong, nhd cira d gin khu vyc khai tiidc da dfiu phu mgt mau trdng due Id tren cay kfadng cdn tiiiy mdu xanh nguyen thuy, bd khong tiifi cay hai canh tac dugc ^yy^" ^^' "SM Khoa hgc Dia iplodn qudc l&n tha Hfli Bia 'y ^'?* '^*'" ®*' ^°*^ ^''^' Nguyen tpjQfc Nhung cdn nha dgc hai ben dudng dem ciing nhu ngdy, khong luc ndo dam md cua Nana suit cua cdc logi cay ttong deu gidm siit Cac khu canh tdc gan dudng van chuyen da bui nen liia khdng ttfi bdng dugc, cay an qua ttong vudn nhd cfing cho nang suit kem cho faoa khong ^au noi vi bui dd Tuong ta nhu vgy cae ao ho nuoi thuy sdn ciing bj byi da phu day lam mdi trudng nude ao thay doi khien vat nudi nhu ca, cua khdng ldn dugc cd nhiing ao gan md ca bl chet hang logt Nguon nude mat bi nhiem bin ngtrdi dan phdi khoan gifing de lay nude ngam, nhien d nhifiu noi (huyen Ninh Van - Hoa Lu) nude ngam thudng bj Ig vd man nen cu dan thon g?p nhifiu khd khan ttong sinfa boat hang ngdy * Tgi thdn Dudng Thugng xd Ninh vdn huyin Hoa Lu: day la noi cd hai nhd mdy xi mdng (Duyen Ha va Hp Dudng), ngoai day cdn la ldng nghfi che tdc da my nghp Do dd, dfin Ninh Van liic nao cGng dn a vdi am tfaanh chi chat, am cua lang nghe khac dd ngfae thugt, ciia Nha mdy xi mang Duyen Ha, Ha Duong, cua nhung DN khai thac da Viec san xuat va che bifin da ciia doanh ngfaiep va ta nhdn dfiu ndm giua khu dan cu (dpc hai ben dudng thdn la khu chfi tdc tagng dd vd cac san pham tii da cua cac hg ta nfaan, ben canh dd Id hang logt mo khai thac da phyc vu cac nha may XI mang; n e my cuasu oo m uidLbangadn ;iJiii.l>^:3a'iJimisiin,:ii^'h€$v3iVbi*v"n»tthdn,bird nhiem ndng nfi, ham lugng bui vugt den 14- 19 Ian QCVN Doc tmc dudng chinh ta dau lang den cuoi lang, nfain sang hai ben fodng chi thiy bgt ngan mgt mau byi trdng trdng dudng, trang nha ciia, tring cay cd Tir lang tdi ngodi dudng nfaa nao nhd "cua kin then cai" phdng rem kin mit nhung chang an thua Do dd, thdn cd so ngudi mac benh phoi rat cao, cd tdi 80% sd hp duoc hdi deu cd ngudi bi mac benh phdi, da lieu vd mdt Dgc biet noi day cd nfaifiu gia dinh cd ngudi mdc ung thu phoi, cd gia dinh cd tdi ngudi ciing bj benh ndy, nhu Id gia dinh bac Dam Trpng Trdi), Chi ttong hon ndm gin day (2010-2011) ttong thon da cd ngudi chet vi ung thu phoi Theo ba nai day, hang dem nha may xi mang Duyen Hd xd khdi bui den kit ca bau trdi vd til den gid sdng xe chd da dd bdt diu hoat dgng gdy on anh hudng nhifiu dfin giic ngii ciia cong dong Ddy Id van dfi rat can dugc cac ca quan chirc nang cua dja phuang quan tam nhdm cai thien mdi tmdng ttong khu vuc, gnip bd gidm thifiu benh tgt va tang nang suit lao dgng, [4] *Anh hudng ciia tiing on, rung tdi ddi song dan cu khu vtrc Trong qud trinh khai tfaac vd che bifin dd, tieng fin dugc gay ta cdc thiet bj nhu may phat dien, cdc he tfaong mdy nghien, dap da, cac phuang tien van cfauyfin, san iii, may khoan se gay tifing on rang, dnh faudng tryc tifip dfin ngudi cdng nhdn Khi a gan cac mdy mdc dgng van hdnh tieng on dgt tu 90 -100 dBA, no tieng on dgt >I30dBA vd gay nen dg nmg ttong kfau vyc Tifing on va rung tgi khu vuc san xuat xen ke ttong khu dan cu dugc phep tiieo TCVN 5949 Id 75dBA vao ban ngdy va gidi hgn cfao pfaep doi vdi cac logi xe tdi, ui tfaeo TCVN 5948 - 1995 Id 90dBA Qua qua trinh difiu tra, khdo sdt tfayc dja cho thay, dan cu quanh khu vuc cd bai khai thdc da bi anh hudng rat ldn bdi tifing no vd tifing on cua eac may nghifin dd, d to cfad da, v v Tieng on vd nmg caofaontieucfauin cho phep se lam anfafaudngdfin siie khoe nhu gay cdng thdng mit ngu, mpt mdi, khd chiu Tieng on cdn lam giam nang sudt lao ddng ciia edng nhan lam kem tap trung ta tudng CO thfi dan tdi tai nan lao dongNgoai ra, mgt difiu de thiy nhit la anfa hudng ciia rung kJu khoan no mm dd Vd ddng Sih hudng khong nhd dfin cugc song cua ddn cu xung quanh khu khai thdc Qua khao sat cua cfaiing tdi da CO rat nfaifiu nfad dan bi mit tran nhd, mit san, mit gifing vd bay mai ngdi chin ddng no ~nihrkhai"ffiSCTK~cGa"'eac~ffi6"ttgng khtrvyc Dong tfadi d khu canh tdc ciia ngudi dan thudng gap hipn tagng da hay, da lan xuong lam tfau fapp dien ticfa canh tdc cung nhu lam chai ciing ldp dit may pfaia tren gay dnh hudng xiu dfin nang suit cay ttong cua bd con, 3.2 Anh fairdng ciia hoat d$ng khai thdc dd den sdn xuat ciia cong dong ddn c\x khu vyt + Khu vyc thon Duong Thugng - xa Ninh Van - Hoa Lu: Di tfaeo dudng vdo ldng Dudng mugng va Dudng Hg - xa Ninh Vdn (mgt difim ndng vfi ldng nghfi che tdc da) eho thiy ta faai Nhd may xi mdng Duyen Hd vd Hp Duong ^ vdo hogt dgng, gia tang eong suit thi cugc song Kpyiu Hdi nghf Khoa hgc Dia lp todn qudc ldn tha Hgi Dia Iy ViSt Nam Dai hpc Thai NguySn thudng ngdy cua nhirng ngudi dan khu vuc ludn chim ttong khdi bui suot ngdy dem BuJ da^, bay ca vao bfi nude cua dan, de ta cira ngudn nude an cho minh nhifiu hg gia dinh da phai kien co hoa be nude an vd xay tadng bao quanh Ngudi dan da keu ring « chiing tdi thirc vd ngu ciing vdi bui dd sudt cd ngdy » Thdi gian gan day, cac nhd may xi mang no pha dd cdn Idm rang chuyen ca thon Trong thon cd rit nhieu ngdi nhd xuit hien nhiing vfit nirt Idn, dai tren tadng, bi eat mai, bay ngdi, nut san, nut be Cdnh dong Ida ndm sat ben day niu thdn Duong Hg xua tot tuoi la vay, gid day ran nut, byi phii tren mat ragng, c6 nhifiu thiia ttd thdnh ragng hoang, cd mgc um tiim Cugc song vd san xuat cua bd bi anh hudng qua ldn Vi vgy, chinh quyfin noi day da ed 97 don kifin nghi gui dfin cdc doanh nghiep vd chinh quyen cac cap de nghi gidi quyet, ho trg cho nhiing thiet hai cua dan nhung chua dugc xem xet thau dao 3.3 Cdc tai nan Iao ddng, rui ro moi trirdng tfaien tai tir he lyy cfia boat dpng khai thac da Ngodi cdc tdc dgng khong tot dfin siic khde va ddi song sdn xuat cua bd eon xung quanh khu vyc khai thac da da neu tren, cac hoat dgng cdn gay nfairng tai ngn tfauong tam cfao cdng nhan tfaam gia lao done tren cdc cong tmdng ndy Nhu cfaung ta biet, ttong khu vyc nghien ciiu cdng nghe khai thdc pfao bifin la ea gidi kfitfagpvdi tfaii cong, Dae bipt ky tfauat khoan no nhifiu chua duoc cde doanh nghiep chii trgng dao tgo, t ^ huan, nen ttong thuc tfi dd khong it lan xdy nhiing tai nan dang tific cho ngudi Iao dgng, Cdc tai nan da vd cd the xdy viing khai thac da gom cd: - Dit, da tragt, Id de vdo ngudi - Dien gigt - Tai nan da vung no min, - Tai ngn nga ta tten cao xuong thao tac no min, khoan dd, cgy da,., - Mgt so nii ro sy co ky thugt, chap dipn, hdng xe dot nggt - Tai ngn giao thdng Mgt nhiing nguyen nfaan gay tai nan lao dpng can dae bipt quan tam ttong qua trinfa thi cong Id hogt dgng no Trang dy an diu ta, phuong phdp no se ap dung la phuang p h ^ no vi sai, dugc tifin hdnh vdo thdi gian cong nhan nghi ldm vipc Tuy nhien, bat ky sai sdt nao qua trinh tien hanfa no cung sS dan den tai ngn nghiem ttgng Thien tai xdy khu vyc thudng la tinh trgng n g ^ lyt dai vao mua mua vd nhirng dgt mua keo ddi lam dinh ttp san xuat, Ve mua mua cong tdc khai tfadc md pfaai tgm ngimg mua co thfi gay tragt Id da Do do, cdc ca quan qudin ly can yeu cau tit cd cdc doanfa ngfaiep cin cdi tifin cong tac kfaoan no min, dp dung cdng ngfae tien tien vd to cfaiic cac lop day ky tfauat kfaoan no cfao nguoi lao dgng nham han cfae nhiing tai ngn dang tific xdy cfao ngudi dan 3A Tac d$ng den moi tnrdng sinfa thdi - cdnh quan Khu Tam Coc - Bich Dgng dugc UBND tinh Ninh Bmh phS duyet quy hogcfa tii nam 1997 vdi dien tich 155ha tiiugc xa Nmh Hdi, huypn Hoa Lu Thang 12/2006, nhim tang toe phdt trifin ngdnfa du Hch, tinh da phe duyet quy hogcfa md rgng kfau du Hch len tdi 350ha thugc xa: Ninh Hai, Ninh Van (huyen Hoa Lu), Son Hd (huypn Nho Quan), YSn Son (thi xa Tam Diep) Tuy nfaien,tixang2 nam hen tifip (2007 - 2008), tinh Ninh Binh da phS duypt hdng logt van b ^ cho nhd may xi mdng Hp Dudng vd Duyen Ha Hen kfi Khu du ljch Tam Coc - Bich Dgng md rgng ^ ^ ^^^ nang cong suit jSn gift nhifiu lin Xi mang Duyen Ha tang ta 0,56 trieu tan/nam len 2,5 trieu tanSain Xi mdng Hp Dudng tit 160.000 tin/ndm len 1,8 trieu tin/ndm Dua cong suit len g L til - lO^lin^dong jighia vdi viec cdc nhd may xi mdng faun khdi dgcfagilen g ^ tii - 10 lan T £ ed deu xuong diu ngudi dan xa Ninh Van vd tadn vao khu du Hch Tam Coc - Bieh Dgng Viec xay dyng cdc nhd may xi mang nim xen ke vdi cdc khu di tieh,.du lich noi tifing ciia Ninh Binh da vd dang gay nhiem ngng tdi mdi tiudng song cua ngudi dan vd moi traang du ljch noi day Khai tfadc tdi nguyen gdn vdi bao ve mdi tmdng d Ninh Binh tay dgt dugc khd nfaifiu kfit qud tieh cue nhu tren song tren thyc tfi van nhiing "mang toi" nhu nhifiu khu vye cim, nfaifiu Kyyiu Hdi nghf Khoa hgc Dfa lp todn qudc ldn tha Hfli Dja 1^ V'?* ^^^ _^ Bgi hoc Thai NguySn — ^ " ^ n i m tiep g i ^ cac khu du Iich van bj eae doanh nghiep khai thac trdi phep, pha vd canh ^" njjjeu day niii xanh o viing Gia Vien, Hoa Lu da ttd nen nham nhd bdn tay ngudi xam hai [4] , , ^ Dfi xuat cdc gidi phdp giam thiSu tdc ddng den moi truxmg va canh quan dia ly khu vuc khai thdc da & vung nghien cuu De giam thifiu d nhiem va bdo ve moi tradng vd phuc vy myc dich tang tmdng kinh te cua vimg mgt each ben vung can phdi cd cdc chinh sdch va giai p h ^ khoa hgc cdng nghe giam thifiu nhiem bdo vp mdi tmdng va quan ly khai thac da Tir hien trang khai thdc va anh hudng cua viec khai thac da dfin moi tradng vd sire khoe ciia d&i cu d cac khu vuc khai thac da, chung tdi de xudt mot vai giai phdp sau nfaam dam bdo myc tieu khai thac hgp Iy tai nguyen da xay dung va bao ve moi tmdng d vung nghien cuu, Cdc dia phuang phai soat lgi hogt dgng khai thac da tren dia ban cua minh, xem xet ve giay phep khai thdc, edng sudt kfaai thdc, cdng nghe khai thdc, dieu kien bdo hg an toan cfao ngudi lao dpng, vipc dap ung cdc yeu cau xu ly chat thdi ttong qud trinh san xuat, Quy hoach Igi cdc vung khai thdc da xdy dyng tren dia ban Quan Iy chat che cdng tac cap phep khai thdc dd oia cac dia pfauong, ngfaiem cam khai thdc ttong cdc vimg danh thdng, di tich hch, khu bdo ton ta nhien va phai cdch khu dan cu xa den 2km Kfauyen cdo cdc doanh nghipp tang budc ip dung cac cdng nghe khai thdc co gidi phii hgp de hgn chfi tdc dgng xau den mdi tradng, budc cdc doanh nghiep khai thac taan tini cac quy dmh bio vp mdi tmdng dit, nude, khong va cdnh quan dia Iy va phai tien hdnh hodn tho lai raoi tiudng ta nhien cho dat dugc miic tot nhat cd the Nang cao nfaan thiic bdo vS moi tradng cua doanh nghipp va egng dong dan cu khu vyc cin phdi thu phi mdi tradng doi vdi cac md khai thdc, thuc hiSn nghiem tac nguyen tic ngudi gay d nfaiem pfadi trd tien Yeu cau bit huge cdc co so khai thac da hang nam phai xdy dyng ke hogch khai tfaac, khai thac diing sdn lugng dfi ttong nam Thyc hien nghiem tac cdc ngi dung de an cdi tao, phuc hfii moi tmdng Tang cudng phoi hgp voi cdc nganh, cac c ^ to chiic cac dgt kiem tra hau DTM doi vdi cdc CO sd s ^ xuat kmh doanh phat sinh thdi, byi, xii phgt nghiem minh, dinh ehi hogt dong san xuat nfiu cdc ea sd khong dp dyng eae bipn phap giam thieu d nhiem tfaeo diing cac ngi dung da cam ket ttong bao cao ddnh gid tac dgng mdi tradng hodc ban cam ket bdo vp moi tradng Tdng cudng trd ciia cdc co quan quan ly Nhd nude d tat ed cac cap tir tmng uang den cdc dia phuong KfiTLUAN Hogt dpng kfaai tfadc da d viing nghien ciiu ttong thdi gian qua cd nfaieu tdc dgng xau den mdi tmong, cugc song cua egng ddng dan cu vd cdnh quan dia ly xung quanh cde md da Hau het dat dai canh tdc deu bi suy gidm bdm lugng mun, ham lugng chit dinh duang, dit trot cd xu hudng cdn kho dan bui dd vd da dam xdm nhgp Moi traang nude mat vd nude dudi dat bj d nhiem bdi byi, lugng ddu mo, vi sinh vdt vd cde chat him ca Mdi tmdng khong hi nhiem Qaug_afijjdu;ac_yfiu_la_iihu ham lugng byi tdng eao nhifiu lan so vdi QCVN (14 lan), tifing on, dg tang deu vuot QCVN nhieu Ian Tat ed eae yfiu to ndy da ldm cho nang suit cay ttong vd vdt nuoi cua ba hi suy gidm, lam thiet hgi kinh tfi ciia cdng dong Ben cgnh so ngudi mic benh duimg hd hap va da lieu tdng c^j, ddc biet so ngudi chfit vi ung thu phoi cdc khu vyc cang cao nhung ndm vira qua Nhifiu danh lam thing cdnh vimg dang dan bi hiiy hogi nhu thang cdnh Tam Coc Bich Dgng d Hoa Lu, khu dit nggp nude Van Long- Ninh Binh Kpyiu Hdt nghi Khoa hoc Dia lp todn quoc ldn thu 'jjl&t| Dai hgc T h d i N g M j TAI LIEU THAM K H A O t Sd Tai nguyen & Moi tmdng tinh Ninh Binfa Bdo cdo tdng hgp hiin trgng mdi truang Mnh Nmh Binh ndm (2005-20JO).'Nmh Binh, 2011 So Tdi nguyen Mdi tradng tinfa Ninh Binh Bdo cdo "Quy Hoach Mdi trudng link Ninl^ Binh din ndm 2020" Ninh Binh, 2009 ^ So Tdi nguyen & Mdi tmdng tinh Ninh Binh Bdng tdng hgp cdc tS chuc, cd nhdn khai, thdc dd trin dia bdn tinh Ninh Binh Ninh binh, 2011 Le Thi Thanh Tam va nnk Du an "Ddnh gid tinh trgng xdm hgi cdnh quan dia ly vd nhiim mdi trudng khai thdc dd xdy dung d khu vuc nui dd vdi tu Hod Binh din Ninh Binh Bi xudt cdc gldl phdp bdo vi cdnh quan mdi trudng" HdN6i,2012 Kyyiu H0i nghf Khoa hgc Dfa lp to^i^^S^J^^^^j^ ... Ninh Binh khai thdc khoang tren 000,000 m^ dat, da cdc logi, [2] Theo kfit qua tiiong ke ciia Sd Tdi nguyen Mdi tmdng tinh Ninh Binh nam 2011 cho thiy tgi huyen Hoa Lu ed doanh nghipp khai tiidc... fairdng ciia hoat d$ng khai thdc dd den sdn xuat ciia cong dong ddn c\x khu vyt + Khu vyc thon Duong Thugng - xa Ninh Van - Hoa Lu: Di tfaeo dudng vdo ldng Dudng mugng va Dudng Hg - xa Ninh Vdn (mgt... tradng tinfa Ninh Binh Bdo cdo "Quy Hoach Mdi trudng link Ninl^ Binh din ndm 2020" Ninh Binh, 2009 ^ So Tdi nguyen & Mdi tmdng tinh Ninh Binh Bdng tdng hgp cdc tS chuc, cd nhdn khai, thdc dd
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