U''''NG DUNG MO HJNH TJNH LAN T6A 6 NHliM KHONG KHI TU" DU''''QNG PH6 OSPM O^ XAC OjNH HE S6 PHAT THAI TRUNG BiNH CUA CAC DONG XE TAI HA NOl NCS ThS Ngo Thg Hung Vign Mdi trudng Quie gia Dan Maeh, Dai hgc A[.]
U'NG DUNG MO HJNH TJNH LAN T A NHliM KHONG KHI TU" DU'QNG P H OSPM O^ XAC OjNH HE S6 PHAT THAI TRUNG BiNH CUA CAC DONG XE TAI HA NOl NCS.ThS Ngo Thg Hung Vign Mdi trudng Quie gia Dan Maeh, Dai hgc Aarhus vS Khoa Mdi tn/dng, Dai hgc Roskilde, Dan Maeh PGS.TS BulSyLy Vidn Khoa hgc & Ky thuSt Mdi trudng Trudng Dai hgc XSy dung Tdm tit: BSi bSo nSy di cPp din viic nghidn cuu ung dung md hinh tinh lan tda d nhiim khdng tir dudng phi Operational Street PoHutlon Model (OSPM) cho eSc dd thj cda cSc nutic dang phSt triin nai mS cSc si lipu diu vSo cho vipc tinh toSn md hinh ban chi vS cd dung sai Idn Nghidn edu nSy sir dung md hinh tinh khuich tSn OSPM di tinh toSn kiim tra thi didm cho dudng phP tai HS Nil Kit quS nghidn cUu kiin nghj vi hp si phSt thSi cho ddng xe didu ki^n cua HS Nil vS cd thi dung di tinh toSn cho eSc thSnh phi khSe ciJa Viit Nam vS cSe dd thj khu Vl/C cd diiu ki$n giao thdng tuang tt/ Nghidn cuu cOng kiin nghj eSc giSiphSp loai trd cSc sai si cda sP Hpu diu vSo, cSc giii phSp di cd kit quS dt/ bSo tu md hinh chinh xSc han tuang lai Summary: This paper presents the use of the Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM) for cities of developing countries whom model input data and data from air quality monitoring stations are limited or of varying quality, OSPM model predictions were evaluated against air quality measurements from three streets One output of this study is the average fleet emission factor that can be used for emission calculations at other stmets in Hanoi and in other locations in Vietnam or in the South-East Asia with similar vehicle types This study also emphasizes the need to further eliminate the uncertainties in input data for the street canyon air pollution modelling for better outputs of modelling for air pollution for the future I.GI^ITHIfU Hd Ndi ndm d khu vye trung tdm cdg mien ble Vipt Nam HP Npi rpng 3.324,92 km^ vd ed ddn sd ddng ky theo hd khiu Id 6,233 tripu ngydi Sd lipu lypng theo TCVN 4088-2005 Id: nhipt dp trung binh ndm Id 23,6°C, dp I m 82% vdn tdc gid trung binh 1,9 m/s Luu lupng giao thdng Idn cpng vdi dilu kipn lypng b i t lai: vpn tde gid nhd cpng thPm vdi nhipt dp cao cdng vdi bde xg mpt trdi Idm tdng mde dp P nhiim tren cdc dydng phd ndi dd Trong khu dP thj Vi|t Ngm, cdc phuang tipn giao thdng Id ngudn d nhiim chinh, dd xe mdy ehilm tdi han 90% phyang tipn giao thdng Cdc sd lipu quan trie d nhiim mPi trudng hipn lgi khd sa lyac vd chi d i m kilm tra duac d mpi vdi vj tri theo ede dy dn riPng le TAP CHf KHOA HOC C(5NG N G H | XAY DUNG Sd06 -12/2009 111 nhiim khPng Id mpt v i n de Idn khu vyc Hd Npi vd cdc dP thj khde cdg Vipt Nam NP dd Inh hudng nghiem trpng tdi sdc khde ngudi ddn nhit Id bp phpn ddn cu cP thu nhdp thip Ddy la nhdng cy ddn bj phai nhiim nhieu nhat dieu kipn sdng thip, mdc dp ty bao vp trydc nhiim mPi trydng kPm Mo hinh tinh lan tda d nhiim khdng Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM) Id logi mP hinh duac thilt k l de tinh todn Ign tda d nhiim mdi trydng khPng cho cdc dydng phd dd thj OSPM dd dypc dp dyng tinh todn dy bao thdnh edng tgi nhilu thdnh phd chdu Au: Copenhggen, Stockholm, Helsinki, Amsterdgm vd cdc mpt vdi thdnh phd ngodi chdu Au: Bangkok, Ble Kinh, New York Nghien cdu ndy dng dyng mP hinh tinh lan tda d nhiim khPng OSPM eho Hd Npi vdi dipy kipn sd lipu d i u vdo hgn ehe vd sd lipu dge khdng theo hp thdng vd ed dp dung sgi Idn Cdc tinh todn duac thyc hipn tgi cdc phd trung tdm cdg Hd Npi Hd Npi cd khoang 1,86 tripu xe may vd 200 nghin xe d td (sd lipu ndm 2007) Lupng d td tdng 11% vd xe mdy tdng 15% ndm Phin Idn xe mdy Id logi dpng ea ky 100 - 110 phdn khdi, ehiem ty Ip eao ddng xe lyu thdng (92-95%) OSPM dd dypc chgy vdi sd lipu cua Hd Npi so sdnh vd hipu ehinh Igi vdi cdc sd lipu dgc kilm chdng tgi mpt sd vj tri dudng phd dien hinh tinh todn hp sd phdt thii cho ddng xe dieu kipn Hd Npi vd cd the ddng de tinh todn cho cdc thdnh phd khdc cda Vipt Ngm vd khu vyc NghiPn cdu cung kiln nghj cdc giii phdp logi trd cdc sgi sd cdg sd lipu diu vdo, cdc gidi phdp de cd kit q u i dy bdo td md hinh chinh xdc han tyang lai OSPM VA CAC YEU CAU S6 LIEU OAU VAO MP hinh tinh lan tda d nhiem mdi trydng OSPM tinh todn ndng dp d nhiim td ngudn dydng phd theo biln trinh gid ngdy (houriy) OSPM ddng md hinh Gguss de tinh phdt thai tryc liep td ddng xe vd md hinh Box de tinh sy lan truyen P nhiim (sgu phdt thii td ddng xe) khu vye dydng phd dd thj (hinh 1) Hu'Png gio Nguin phat ttiil nhilm nen Lu'^0 phat thai Cau t^o dironng ph6 d nhiein n i n dothi iwMi;!;?; ywww Tuan hoan nhiem i;i;r;ii;i;i;i;i; rXfjiiiyii Hinh Giin dd tinh toSn d nhiim mdi trudng cua md hinh OSPM OSPM ydu d u cdc sd lipu diu vdo gdm d u tgo, kich thudc dydng phd (chieu rdng, chieu ego trung binh cdc tdg nhd hgi bPn dudng, hydng cdg dydng phd so vdi hydng ble), sd lipu lypng (vpn tdc gid, hydng gid, nhipt dp, bdc xg mpt trdi ) vd cdc sd liPu phdt thii, mpt dp dPng xe trdn dudng phd theo biln trinh gid OSPM cung yPu d u sd lipu d nhiim n i n cdg dd thi de tinh d i n sy Inh hudng cda cdc ngudn khdc den d nhiem khu vyc dydng phd OSPM tinh todn phin dng quang hda cda NO, NO2, O3 dya vdo nhipt dp vd bdc xg mpt trdi d l dy dodn 112 TAP CHf KHOA HOC C O N G N G H $ XAY DUNG Sd06-12/2009 ndng dp P nhilm NO2 Trong nghiPn cdu ndy, cdc sd lipu v l dudng phd vd gigo thPng dyac d i m tgi hipn tm'dng dyg trPn cdc nghiPn ciru trudc Sd lipu luang dupc liy td Trgm tyang Ldng d trung tdm cug Hd Npi Sd lipu ndng dp P nhiim nen theo bien trinh gid eung duac liy Id trgm Ldng sgu dd logi tn> sai sd anh hudng td dudng phd bing sd lipu mlu thy dpng (passive sample) d cdc vj tri nen dP thj (Sd lipu eda Chuang trinh khPng sgch Thyy Sy - Vipt Ngm: Swiss Vietnamese Clegn Air Program - SVCAP, 2007) Xir LY S LIEU CHAY MO HJNH OSPM 3.1 Thdng s6 du>dng phd Kich thudc dudng phd phyc vy eho chgy mP hinh tinh todn dyac tgi hipn trudng vd kilm tra hipu chinh Igi trPn bin dd GIS, ban dd hdnh chinh Hd Npi, chi lilt bang BSng Ciu tao, kich thudc dudng phi TT Chiiu cao tmng binh nhS canh dudng (m) Tin phi Lit Li Chiiu ring dudng phi (m) Hudng dudng phi (so vdi hudng bic) Trydng Chinh 4.0 4.0 12.0 107° Dipn Bidn Phd Nguyin Trdi 2.0 4.0 2.0 4.0 14.0 60.0 135° 55° Ghi chd: OSPM quy djnh li (side 1) IS diim tinh toSn sd 1(li dudng si 1) di tu true bie nam theo chiiu kim dPng hP, li (side 2) IS diim tinh toSn sP (li dudng si 2) nSm dii xUng qua tn/c cda dudng phi phia dii dipn diim tinh toSn s6 3.2 Biln trinh xe ngdy dem Phin trim phin b^ltf^ngMthcogi^hJuig ngAy Ih a » « a «> n, u, » | lo, nn 13 is, «, is TO in, leii i» Mt 211 221 iji, 2* Hinh PhSn bi mSt dd ddng xe trdn phP theo biin trinh ngSy ddm (%) Biln trinh xe ngdy ddm theo gid Id edeh midu ta mpt dp ddng xe chgy trPn dudng phd ngdy Biln trinh xe ngdy ddm Id thdi quen thgm gig gigo thdng cdg ddn cy vd khdng thgy ddi nhilu theo hdng ndm Trong nghiPn cdu ndy bien trinh xe ngdy dPm theo gid dupe linh todn dya trdn vi|c d i m xe trdn 43 phd cdg mpt dy dn hpp tde gi&g Hd Npi vdi JICA, Nhpt Bin TAP CHf KHOA HOC CONG NGH$ XAY DUNG Sd06-12/2009 113 Cdc nghien cdu Inrde tgi Hd Npi deu eho thiy ring biln trinh xe khdng khdc nhilu gida ngdy Idm viec (td thd den thd 6) vd eudi tuin (thd 7, chd nhpt) Do vpy tinh todn gia thilt bien trinh xe ngdy dPm Id dn djnh e l tuin OSPM tinh todn eho mpt trydng hdP vd dp dung cho t i t d cdc ngdy tuin Tinh todn nghien cdu chgy md hinh ndy dya trdn sy phdn phyang tipn gigo thdng thdnh logi cdg chyang trinh khdng sgch Thyy Sy - Vipt Nam (SVCAP): xe mdy, d td 4-16 chd, P IP Idn han 24 ehP, xe buyt, xe tai, xe ePng ten na Ddy Id cdch midu t l ddng xe vdi nhdng sd lipu khao sdt tdt nhat hipn cd tgi Hd Npi Phdn bd mpt dp ddng xe trPn phd theo bien trinh ngdy dem (%) dupc miPu ta tgi hinh 3.3 Sd lieu d i m xe cac phd Sd lipu d i m xe dudng phd dypc thyc hipn bdi cdc dy dn liPn quan (Vipn Cdng nghp Chdu A - AIT) vd duac tinh todn dya trPn bien trinh ngdy dPm cdg hgi dydng phd ehinh Id Nguyin Trdi vd Trydng Chinh Sd lipu chi tilt d bang 2: Bang Lugng xe trung binh ngSy ddm theo logi phuang tiin (xe/ngSy) Tdn phi td 4-16 ch5 XemSy td Idn han 24 chi Xe buyt Xe tii Xe cdng ten na Ting (ADT) Trudng Chinh 298,462 11,040 620 707 3511 56 182,382 Dipn BiPn Phd 166,449 1,302 84 94 22 23,340 21,838 18,314 1,755 2,728 9,737 288 331,284 Nguyin Trdi 3.4 Hp sd phdt thai cua cdc logi xe Hd Npi chua cd ea sd dd lieu mpt cdch hp thdng ve hp sd phdt thai eho cdc phyang tipn giao thPng Hp sd phdt thii d nhiim tinh todn dypc dya trPn cdc nghidn cdu cda cdc dy dn lidn qugn: SVCAP, 2007 Chi tilt hp sd phdt thii dung nghien cdu ndy dupe ndu bing Sang Hp si phSt thSi tinh toSn cho HS Npi PM Hi sd phSt thSi g/(xe km) NO, CO SO2 Benzene Xemdy 0.10 0.03 0.30 3.62 0.023 Old4-16 chd 0.10 0.17 1.50 3.62 0.023 td Idn han 24 ehd 0.48 0.25 8.55 5.62 0.060 Xe buyt 1.50 0.64 7.60 3.10 0.032 Xetli 0.80 0.40 11.00 2.75 0.045 Xe edng ten na 3.28 1.06 17.00 3.10 0.025 Loai xe 3.5 Sd lifu t u v n g Do hp thdng qugn trie cdg Hd npi chug dydc chuin hda ndn nghidn cdu ndy khio sdt ddnh gid sd lipu tupng td c l hgi trgm qugn trie tuang tgi Hd Npi Id trgm Ldng vd trgm tyang sdn bgy Npi BPi (ngudn Id NOAA - US) Cdc phdn tich cho fhly so lidu trgm Ldng ed the ddng de dgi dipn cho dieu kipn tupng eda cdc dydng phd dd thj Cdc dd lipu vpn tdc gid, hydng gid, nhipt dp vd bde xg mpt trdi theo gid cdg trgm Ldng dypc ddng d l tinh todn sy Inh hydng cua dieu kipn tuang IPn sy phdt tdn khPng d nhilm td dydng phd 114 TAP CHf KHOA HOC C N G N G H $ XAY DUNG Sd06-12/2009 3.6 Dir lipu n h i l m nPn dd thj Dd lipu P nhilm nen theo gid duac liy theo sd lieu Trgm quan trie Lang Tuy nhiPn tram Ldng n i m tgi trung tdm eua Hd npi cgnh cdc dudng phd cP mgt dp gigo thPng ldn Id Ldng Hg vd Nguyin Chi Thgnh, Huynh Thdc Khdng Do vdy, sd lipu cda trgm Ldng bj Inh hudng tare tiep bdi ngudn P nhiim td dudng phd vd khPng dgi dipn duac eho ndng dp P nhiim nPn dP thi Trong nghiPn cdu ndy gid tri trung binh cda sd lipu mdu thu dpng chyang trinh SVCAP (2007) cho cdc vj tri nin dd thj (45 diem tren todn thdnh phd Hd Npi) dypc dung de hipu chinh Igi sd lipu biln trinh ngdy dPm theo gid cda tram Ldng trydc dung de chay mo hinh OSPM 3.7 s d lipu dgc hien tru'dng Cdc sd bien trinh ngdy theo gid tai hien trudng duac dung de so sdnh vdi kit qua tinh todn mP hinh, hipu ehinh vd tinh lodn Igi hp sd phdt thdi thgt cdg dPng xe dieu kipn thyc t l cda Hd Npi Sd lipu dgc duac thu thdp td vipc kilm tgi hien trudng td cdc dy dn lien quan tgi Hd Npi vd dupe miPu t l bing Bing Si HSu trung binh d nhiim dudng phi tai eSe diim nghien ciru (Do theo biin trinh gid ngSy ddm) NOx Lli Trudng Chinh 6.4 7.4 1.1 Oipn BiPn Phd 3.3 3.6 0.8 Nguyin Trdi 80.8 31.9 39.1 Ll2 yg/m^ NO NO2 TPn phd Lll Ll2 pg/m^ Lll SO2 Ll2 Lii |jg/m' 1.5 3.4 3.9 0.9 1.6 1.8 CO Le2 L l l pg/m^ BNZ Le2 L l l L l mg/m' yg/m' 8.1 5.7 87.2 71.4 23.9 6.6 7.1 28.7 39.2 39.1 7.8 74.0 59.1 35.3 So liPu NO2 vd NO tgi phd Trudng Chinh vd Dipn BiPn Phu qud thap vd cd sgi sd nhilu so vdi sd lipu mlu thy dpng cda SVCAP 2007 vd sd lipu nen eua trgm Ldng, vdy khPng duac ddng de ddnh gid kit qua chay mP hinh Tdng kit lgi sd lipu bien trinh gid cda CO, S02, BNZ duac ddng de so sdnh ddnh gid k i t q u i chgy mP hinh OSPM 3.8 Tinh toan cdc hp sd phat thai ddng xe (fleet emission factors) dung phu'ang phdp tinh ngu'p'c d^'a vd md hinh OSPM Hp sd phdt thii ddng xe, duac tinh todn bdi OSPM theo phyang phdp linh nguac dya vdo ehi sd lyang vd kit qua bien trinh theo gid cda dudng phd, the hien cPng thdc 1: 0„trong dd: C,-C (1) /; background Rfmctcorolocv) Qi,: Tdng lyang phdt thii td ddng xe theo gid: g/m.s; Cl,: Ndng dp d nhidm tgi dudng phd: g/m^; Ch,baci.i!roimd: Ndng dp d nhiim nen dP thj (g/m^); Fl (meteorology): HP sd phdt tdn P nhiim dupe tinh lodn dyg IrPn cdc yeu td tuang bdi OSPM (s/m^) TAP CHf KHOA HOC CONG NGH$ XAY DUNG Sd06-12/2009 115 Tdng lyang phdt thai cPn dyac tinh theo cPng thdc 2: (2) k dd: Nk,h: L^ lyang ddng xe theo gid eda tdng logi xe thd k: xe/h qt: Ld hp sd phdt thai eda logi xe thd k: g/(xe.km) Dya vdo cdng thdc 2.1 vd 2.2 he sd phat thai trung binh dong xe Paverage (g/(xe.km) dypc tinh todn td tdng phdt thai Qt, theo cPng thdc vd tdng sd lyang xe Nkh theo cdch phdn logi d cPng thdc PHAN TiCH, O A N H GlA K T Q U A CHAY MO HJNH Dya vdo kit qua khdo sdt, sd lipu phdn bd luang phdt thai P nhiim trung binh cua cdc logi xe khdc nhgu dupe miPu ta hinh LufTig phat thai o nhlam trung binh NOx %i c ID?> " !••» Xe Cdng ^.— fen no 50 U f f n g phat ttial o nhtam trung binh S02 ' cac lo?l »• (S| Xe Til, >fe COng 10 OQ ^ , ^ - l e n no XeBuyt, 50 Z-% td ldn han 24 ch6,1 40 Old' ch6 13 90' Lv^Ttg p h i t Iti i l o nniam trung C t i 4-16 ch6 16 60' U f f n g p h M t t t l l nhlam trung binh PMIO tua c i c l o f l x l M xeTii ^ ^^ Xe COng Hinh LirQng ph^t thiii c^c chk nhiim theo tCrng lo^i xe (%) t^i vj tri nghi6n cCru so v6i % phSn b6 c^c lo^i xe (gde tr^i cua cf6 thj) So Ii$u bang v^ bang cho thay xe nn^y chiem ph4n I6n thj phan tham gia giao thOng (92-95%) Do v$y d§y Id nguon gSy nhiem chinh (56 thj Theo tinh todn, xe may thai 56% NOx, 65% kh( SO2 94% CO, 92% khf Benzene vd 86 % PMio- Xe tai thai 21% NOx vd 10% SO2, 616 -16 ch6 thai 14% NOx vd 19% SO2 Bang Id so li^u so sdnh cdc h$ so phdt thai cho cdc loai phuang ti^n giao thdng khdc tgi Hd NOi (trong nghifen ci>u ndy) vd cdc dja phu-ang khdc: Cdc so liOu h$ so phdt thai bang cho thay c6 sir khdc bi$t gi&a cdc nghiSn CCPU Dieu ndy n6i I6n rdng h$ so phdt thai cua cdc logi phu'ang ti^n giao thdng c6 tfnh dja phuang cao va can c6 cdc kiem, nghidn cuu dien hinh theo dja phuang de cdc tfnh todn dy bdo bdng m6 hinh dup'c chfnh xdc han 116 TAP CHI KHOA HOC CONG N G H $ XAY DUNG Sd06-12/2009 Bing So sSnh hd si pbSt thSi cua cSc loai phuang tign giao thdng tai HS Nil vS cSc dia phuang khSc Dan vj: g/(xe.km) Logi xe PM SO2 NO, CO Benzene Xe mSy Hd Npi (theo bang 3) 0.30 0.10 0.03 3.62 0.023 Bgngkok (2004) Chgssis dyngmometer Bangkok (2004) Mobile (5 ti 4-16 chi Hd Npi (theo bing 3) Bangkok (2004) Chassis dynamometer Bangkok (2004) Mobile Copenhagen 1997 Xe buyt Hd NPi (theo bang 3) Copenhagen 1997 4, Xe til Hd NPi (theo bing 3) Copenhagen 1997 0.10 0.08±0.07 0.85 2.23±2.2 13.3 1.50 1.37±1.0 0.49 0.9+0.1 3.62 5.12+5.65 5.41 17.3±0.7 0.11±0.01 0.17 0.023 1.50 0.64 7.60 12.5±3.0 3.10 9.6±4 0.032 0.05±0.05 0.80 0.40 11.00 12.5±3.0 2.75 9.6±4 0.045 0.05±0.05 HP sd phdt thai trung binh ddng xe dupe tinh todn bdi cdc edng thdc d mgc 3.6 Kit qua tinh todn dupe trinh bdy bing BSng HP si phSt thii trung binh ddng xe cho cSc ph6 didn hinh tai HS Npi Tdn phP Trydng Chinh (dudng vdnh dai) OiPn BiPn Phd (dydng npi dd) Nguyin Trdi (dydng trgc chinh) Trung binh SO2 Hp si phSt thii g/(xe.km) CO Benzene 0.038 4.0 0.051 0.022 16.9 0.125 0.026 0.029 10.4 10.4 0.079 0.085 HP sd phdt thai bing ed the dung de ddnh gid vd udc lyang phdt thii td cdc dydng phd theo logi dydng (dydng chinh, vdnh dgi, npi dP) neu b i l l dypc sd lypng xe ehay ngdy OSPM cd t h i tinh lodn vd dy bdo mdc dp d nhiim eho b i t cd mpt vj tri ein khio sdi ndo vdi cdc sd lipu d i u vdo tuang dng theo muc He sd phdt thii eho cdc logi dudng phd vd hp sd phdt thai trung binh ed the dypc dung de ydc lypng tinh todn phdt thii d nhiim td ngudn giao thdng cho todn thdnh phd cd sd lipu cdc logi phuang tipn tham gia giao thdng trPn mgng lydi, mpt dp phdn bd gigo thOng trPn todn thdnh phd trPn bin dd kJ thupt sd GIS K £ T L U A N Md hinh OSPM Id md hinh dyac thilt k l de tinh todn phdt thii d nhiim td dydng phd dd thj OSPM dd dyac dp dgng tinh todn dy bdo thdnh cdng tgi nhieu thdnh phd ehdu Au: Copenhggen, Stockholm, Helsinki, Amsterdgm vd cdc mpt vdi thdnh phd ngodi ehdu Au: Bangkok, Bdc Kinh, New Yori< TAP CHf KHOA HOC C O N G NGHE XAY DUNG Sd06-12/2009 117 Trong nghien edu nay, OSPM dd duac dp dgng tinh todn tgi Hd Npi so sdnh vdi cdc k i t qua dgc ndng dp cdc chit P nhiim tgi ede diem tinh todn Hd Npi ed mpt dp tham gia giao thong ego, tai dudng Nguyin Trdi lupng xe thgm gig gigo thPng d i m duac tgi dilm khao sdt len tdi han 300.000 lyat xe/ngdy (bing 2) Xe mdy ehilm phin ldn cdc phyang tipn tham gia giao thPng tgo sy khde bipt ldn so vdi gigo thPng cdg cdc nude khdc Nghien edu ndy cho thay sd lipu tuang vd sd lipu P nhiim nen td cdc trgm qugn trie nen eda dd thj co the ddng vipc tinh todn lan tda P nhilm khPng Vipc thdnh Ipp ede trgm quan trie dudng phd se eung elp nhdng sd lipu tdt han eho vipc chgy md hinh tinh Ign tda nhiim khPng OSPM Trong dieu kien kiem sodt chit luang (QA/QC) cdc sd lipu ndng dp P nhiim nin (bien trinh theo gid) khdng tdt cda cdc trgm quan trie Ihl sd lipu cd the dupe hipu chinh bdi cdc sd lieu tai cdc vj tri nin dP thj dupe lya chpn dde tryng cho ndng dp n i n P nhiim cda thdnh phd Cdc sd lipu tinh todn hp sd phdt thai ddng xe nghiPn cdu ndy cd I h l dng dgng tdl eho vipc tinh todn dy bdo mdc dp P nhiim td gigo thPng cho Hd Npi Cdc hp sd ndy ddng d l tinh lodn mdc dp d nhilm cdg cdc phd cd tinh ndng gigo thdng tuang ty b i l l dyac tdng luang xe chgy qug diem tinh todn ngdy ddm (cd the dung sd lipu trung binh td ting luang xe ydc lypng mpt ndm) vd dung de tinh todn tdng luang phdt thii d nhiim khOng td gigo thPng cho todn thdnh phd bilt cdc sd lipu cdc logi phuang tipn thgm gig giao thdng trPn mgng lydi, mpt dp phdn bd gigo thdng trPn todn thdnh phd trPn ban ky thupt s6 GIS Neu Hd Npi thiet lpp duac mpt hp thdng phdn logi cdc logi phuang tipn thgm gig giao thdng vd phdn logi dydng phd chi tilt vd khoa hpc han, cd cdc nghien edu thyc nghipm tgi hipn trydng eho cdc logi dydng phd dien hinh cdg Hd Npi thi OSPM Id mpt cPng cg tinh todn dan giln vd eP dp lin cpy ego vipc dy bdo d nhiim cho cdc vj tri d dydng phd vd tinh todn sd lipu diu vdo eho cdc chyang trinh tinh todn lan tda ndng dp P nhiim cho todn vdng dd thj Tai li^u tham khao Berkowicz, R., OSPM - A parameterised street pollution model Environmentgl Monitoring gnd Assessment 65, 323-331, 2000 Hanoi Center for Environmental and Natural Resources Monitoring and Anglysis (CENMA) gnd Swiss Vietngmes Clegn Air Program (SVCAP), Pilot Emission Inventory in Hanoi, 2008 Jgpgn InterngtiongI Coopergtion Agency (JICA) gnd Transport Engineering Design Ineorporgted (TEDI), Hanoi Urban Transport Development Project,, 2006 Sivertsen, B gnd The, N T., Support for the Review of Air Quality Management Subcomponent for the Hgnoi Urban Transport and Development Project, 2006 Ittipol P., Development of mobile source emission factors for Bangkok using modeling and emission testing tools Master thesis, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand, 2004 118 TAP CHf KHOA HOC CONG N G H $ XAY DUNG Sd06 -12/2009 ... Sd lipu chi tilt d bang 2: Bang Lugng xe trung binh ngSy ddm theo logi phuang tiin (xe/ ngSy) Tdn phi td 4-16 ch5 XemSy td Idn han 24 chi Xe buyt Xe tii Xe cdng ten na Ting (ADT) Trudng Chinh... (SVCAP): xe mdy, d td 4-16 chd, P IP Idn han 24 ehP, xe buyt, xe tai, xe ePng ten na Ddy Id cdch midu t l ddng xe vdi nhdng sd lipu khao sdt tdt nhat hipn cd tgi Hd Npi Phdn bd mpt dp ddng xe trPn... tripu xe may vd 200 nghin xe d td (sd lipu ndm 2007) Lupng d td tdng 11% vd xe mdy tdng 15% ndm Phin Idn xe mdy Id logi dpng ea ky 100 - 110 phdn khdi, ehiem ty Ip eao ddng xe lyu thdng (92-95%) OSPM