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Nghien ciru Phdt triin vd ting duns Cons nshe Vdt lieu (KC 02/06 10) Ha Noi 27/11/2009 NGHIEN CUU SU DUNG CAC CHAT HOAT DONG BE M A T DE NANG CAO HE SO THU H O I DAU MO Le Kim Hung, Le Thi Nhu Y, Pham[.]
Nghien ciru Phdt triin vd ting duns Cons nshe Vdt lieu (KC.02/06-10)- Ha Noi 27/11/2009 N G H I E N CUU SU DUNG CAC CHAT HOAT DONG BE M A T DE NANG CAO HE SO T H U H O I DAU M O Le Kim Hung, Le Thi Nhu Y, Pham Duy Khanh, Van Thanh Khue va Nguyen Phuong Tung Vien Khoa hoc Vat lieu Ung dung, Mac Dinh Chi, Quan 1, Tp Hd Chi Minh, Viet Nam Tel: 08 823 7927, Fax: 08 823 6073, email: nptung@vast-hcm.ac.vn Tom tat Bai bao trinh bay nghien ciru ndng cao hieu qua day dau bom ep dung dich chdt hoat ddng bi mat (HDBM) a dieu kien mong mo Dong Nam Rong (DNR) vd Bach Ho tren md hinh via Bang cdc phuong phdp phoi tron vd cdc phuong phdp thong ke, da nghien ciru tim cdc he chdt HDBM ben a nhiet cao, giam sire cang be mat (SCBM) giua hai pha daunudc xudng gid tri arc tieu & ndng lodng, tuong hop tdt voi nuac biin, phu hop de sir dung cdc thi nghiem day dau tren mdu loi co cdc tham khac Ket qua cho thdy hieu qua thu hdi dau tren mdng md DNR la 7.4% va tren mdng md Bach Hd la 3,3% bom ep nut dung dich chdt HDBM vdi the tich 0.15 PV d ndng 1000 ppm Day la co sd de tiep tuc nghien ciru sau rdng hon nhdm dua thu nghiem bom ep dung dich chdt HDBM lodng ngoai thuc te va cho nhung ddi tuong phii hop sir dung phuong phdp I GIOl THIEU Md Bach Hd va md Rdng deu thudc quyen quan ly va khai thac cua XNLD Vietsovpetro Md Bach Hd la md dau ldn nhat ciia nude ta vdi cac tang khai thac chinh la Miocen, Oligocen va tang mdng - nod da cung cap hon 60% luong dau khf khai thac hang nam Tuy nhien, sau hon 20 nam khai thac (6/1986), san luong dau khai thac tir md Bach Hd da suy giam deu, tir muc 11,5 trieu tan nam 1999 (chiem hon 70% ty khai thac) den muc chi khoang 8,6 trieu tan nam 2006 (chiem chua den 50% san luong khai thac) [1] Vdi md Rdng, cd san luong dau bang 25% md Bach Hd, hien tuong ngap nude tai mot sd gieng khai thac cung diin bien rat nhanh Ben canh dd, cd ham luong nhua va asphanten cao, dau Rdng cd dd nhdt cao hon nhieu so vdi dau Bach Hd Dieu lam giam dang ke hieu qua day dlu ciia nude bom ep Bdi vay, viec bao dam va gia tang he sd thu hdi dau tai cac md dau ludn la yeu cau chien luge va rat cap thiet cua XNLD VietsovPetro ndi rieng va ciia nganh cong nghiep dau the gidi cung nhu Viet Nam ndi chung Mot nhirng hudng quan trong tang cudng thu hdi dlu (TCTHD) la bom ep dung dich chit HDBM dk thap sue cang be mat SCBM, cai thien dinh udt ddi vdi nude ciia be mat da via va gia tang he sd thu hdi dlu (HSTHD) Dac biet, ddi vdi dau md mdng DNR vdi ham lugng asphaltene cao nen cd dd nhdt cao va dd luu ddng thap, HSTHD cd the dugc gia tang dang ke them chit HDBM phu hgp vao nude bem ep qua trinh day dau Trong via nut ne tu nhien, lire chii yeu kiem soat dong chay ciia chat luu la luc nhdt va luc mao din Luc nhdt tao ddng chay ciia chat luu thay t h i cac nut ne ldn, dd, lire mao din tao ddng chay ciia chat luu cac vi nut ne Hai luc cd mdi lien he vdi thong qua sd mao din dugc dinh nghia la ty sd giua luc nhdt va luc mao din Chit HDBM cd tac dung lam giam SCBM giua nude bien va dlu du vi the lam tang sd mao din Sd mao dan (Nc) dugc dimg de dien ta tuong quan ciia luc nhdt va luc mao din tac ddng len giot dau bj bly lai Id xdp Nc la ham sd ciia van tdc Darcy (v), nhdt (u) ciia pha ddng va sire cang be mat(er) giua pha dau va nude Phuong trinh (1) dudi day dien ta mdi quan he giua van tdc Darcy, nhdt, va IFT so vdi sd mao din Nc Nc = v ula (1) 107 Nshien cuu, Phdt trien vd line dune Cons nshe Vdt lieu {KC 02/06-10)- H" Nrii 77/11/2009 giai doan cudi ciia qua trinh bom ep nude, sd mao din cd gia tri khoang 10~ Mudn gia tang hieu qua day dlu len vai chuc %, phai tang Nc len hai din ba bac luy thira [2] SCBM giua diu va nude bien bom ep thudng khoang vai chuc rnN/m Khi sir dung chit HDBM phii hop cd the de dang thap SCBM hang tram, hang nghin lan din 10" rnN/m hoac it han, dieu dan den sd mao dan cung tang tuong ung it nhat hai den ba bac luy thira Mdi quan he giua sd mao dan va % dau thu hdi dugc md ta hinh 100 Nc= Vfi/or z 80 N c= Su ituu dill JS v =Vfn tie Darcy 60 40 o- SCBM * 20 1.E-06 1.E-05 / f f 1.E-04 1.E-03 1.E-02 S6 mao din Hinh Su phu thugc giua HSTHD va sd mao dan Ngoai ra, SCBM giua nude bien va dau giam, phan dau du via de hda tan hon vao nude bien tao dang huyen phii linh ddng hon Khi dd be mat da mdng trd tich dien am hon d mdi trudng cd ndng dd ion hydroxyl [3] Nhung ion am khong chi can trd su hap phu nhung hda chat dang anion nhu chat HDBM anionic ma thay ddi tinh dinh udt ciia be mat da via, trd nen dinh udt nude hon [4-6] Viec ung dung cac hdn hop chat HDBM vao TCTHD da dugc F.M.Llave va cac cong su khao sat [7] Trong nhirng he nay, cac chit HDBM cd the cong hop cac dac tinh uu viet rieng d l nang cao hieu qua chung ciia ca he Muc dich chat HDBM sir dung d dang hdn hgp la d l de dang xay dung he chat HDBM tdi uu nhat cho cac qua trinh khai thac dlu d nhung via cd dac thu ve tinh chat dau thd, mudi, nhiet , ben canh d l xac dinh xem su k i t hop nhirng chat HDBM khac nhu vay cd tao hieu qua hop troi hon so vdi su dung rieng cac chat HDBM nhu nhieu nghien cuu trudc day [8-10] Trong cong trinh nay, chiing tdi da nghien cuu d l dua cac td hop chit H D B M b i n nhiet irng dung cho cac ddi tugng mdng md Rdng va Bach Hd Tir dd nghien cuu hieu qua TCTHD va kha nang ap dung ciia chiing tren ddi tugng md d tren II THUC NGHIEM Hoa chat • AS1: Ankylbenzene sulfonate mach thang, C12-13 (Tico, Viet Nam); • AS2: chat HDBM ho Sunfat, chua nhdm Etoxylat, dai mach C8-12 (Stepan, My); • AS3: Alpha Olefin Sunfonat, dd dai mach C12-16 (Stepan, My); • NS1: Alkyl Phenol Etoxylat, chua tir den 10 nhdm Etoxylat (Sasol, My); • Nude biln vung md DNR, Bach Hd • D l u thd DNR, Bach Hd Thiit bi • Thiit bj SCBM theo phuong phap giot quay, model 500, (Temco, USA); • Cac binh thuy tinh chju nhiet va chju ap (ACE Glass, My) 108 Nghien cim Phdt triin yd tine dung Cone nghe Vdt lieu (KC.02/06-10)- Hd Ndi 27/11/2009 • Tu dieu nhiet (Shellox, My) Thuc nghiem tdi uu hoa Day la mot phuong phap hieu qua de danh gia anh hudng ddng thdi ciia nhieu yeu td den ket qua thuc nghiem nham giam thieu so lan thi nghiem Thuc nghiem tdi uu hda dugc tien hanh qua hai budc (a) quy hoach yeu td toan phan va (b) quy hoach tdi uu theo phuong phap quay bac hai Box-Hunter [11, 12] Bom ep chdt HDBM tren md hinh via Dieu kien thi nghiem: - Bom ep nut dung djch chat nut chat HDBM sau da dugc tdi uu vao md hinh via sau md hinh via da bi ngap nude hoan toan; Tdc dd bom ep: m/ng; The tich ciia nut dung dich chat HDBM la 0,15 t h i tich rong ciia md hinh via Vr; Nhiet dd T =91°C (md Rdng), 150°C (ddi vdi md Bach Hd) ap suit via P =100 atm, ap suat nen hieu dung Phd=200 atm via Md hinh via: - Md hinh via dugc xay dung tir mau loi da nut ne tang mdng DNR va Bach Hd Quy trinh bom ep - Chuan bj cac md hinh via tir mau loi da mdng DNR - Xac djnh he sd thu hdi dau bdi bom ep nude • nl; - Xac dinh he sd thu hdi dlu bdi bom ep chat HDBM • r,2; - Giam ap, giam nhiet ciia he nghien cuu, thao m l u va xac dinh bao hoa dau du theo Dean-Stark - Tinh toan, lap dd thj lien quan va bien luan cac ket qua thi nghiem thu nhan dugc nl = (l-S -Sl d)/(l-S ) tl2 = ( l - S - S ) / ( l - S ) AT| = Tl2 - 111 n d n d d n d d d n d Oddy: Sn Sl S2 n l , T)2 An d d d dd - dd bao hda nude du , p.d.v; - dd bao hoa dau du sau day dau bdi nude, p.d.v; - dd bao hoa dau du sau day d l u bdi chat HDBM, p.d.v; - he sd day dau trudc va sau bom day chat HDBM, p.d.v; - gia tang he sd day dau bom day chat HDBM, p.d.v HI KET QUA VA THAO LUAN Tdi uu hda he chdt HDBM ben nhiet cho mdng md Ddng Nam Rdng De thuc hien qua trinh tdi uu hda, chat HDBM dugc chon lua cho ddi tugng mdng md DNR la AS2, AS3 va NS1 Bang ngdn ngu thong ke lap trinh pascal da tim cong thuc td hop he chit HDBM IAMS-M2 vdi ty le tdi uu AS2/AS3/NSl=42,85/42,85/14,3 va cd SCBM thip nhit 0,2 mN/m d ndng 1000 ppm Tren co sd he IAMS-M2 da tdi uu, tiep tuc thu nghiem dd ben nhiet ciia he d cac ndng khac Ket qua dugc thi hien hinh 109 Nshien cuu, Phdt trien va Lfng duns Cone nehe Vdt lieu (KC 07/06-10) Hd Noi 77/11/2009 1.9 1.8 H 1.7 - •— 100 ppm 1.6 •— 150 ppm 1.5250 ppm 1.4 •— 350 ppm 1.3 *— 500 ppm 1.2 65-70°C nhung nhd hieu ung hop troi phoi trdn vdi cac chat HDBM khac da trd nen on dinh hon d 91°C sudt 31 u Nhu vay he IAMS-M2 phu hop de bom bep cho TCTHD tren mdng md DNR Toi mi hda he chat HDBM ben nhiet cho mdng md Bach Hd Chat HDBM AS3 khong nhung cd kha nang ben d nhiet dd cao ma ho trg tan rat tdt cho cac chat HDBM khd tan nude bien AS1 cd hoat tfnh manh (kha nang giam SCBM cue thap) nhung ft tuong hgp vdi nude biSn nen dugc su dung lam doi tuong d i phdi trdn vdi AS3 Cac ty le phdi trdn khac dugc thuc hien de tim he tdi uu cho mdng md Bach Hd dua vao tfnh tuong hgp, kha nang giam SCBM va ben nhiet ciia chiing d 150°C sudt 31 u nude bien Bdng SCBM cua cdc dung dich hdn hap hai chdt HDBM AS1 va AS3 qua trinh u a nhiet dd 150°C SCBM (mN/m) AS1: AS3 S Tile 3:7 Thdi gian u \ w .— Ban dau 14 21 v 31 110 0,148 0,186 0,223 0,26 0,336 (Due) Ndng 2:8 1:9 0,204 0,167 0,186 0,223 0,204 0,241 0,241 0,204 0,223 0,260 (md) do, 1000 ppm 0:10 0,742 0,928 1,113 1,261 1,484 — AS1 :AS3=3:7 — AS1 aVS3=2a • AS1JVS3=13 — AS1:AS3=0:10 Thoi gian u nhiet (ngay) Hinh Dd thi bieu dien su thay ddi SCBM cua dung dich phdi tron chdt HDBM AS1 vd AS3 theo thdi gian u a nhiet 15(fC Nshien ciru Phdt triin vd ('no duns Cone nehe Vdt lieu (KC.02/06-10)- Ha Ndi 27/11/2009 Tix cac ket qua bang va hinh ta thay he IAMS-M3 voi ty le AS1/AS3 la 1/9 tuong hop t6t voi nuac bien co SCBM thap khoang 0,2 rnN/m va khong tang qua 25% sudt 31 it nhiet a 150°C Nhu vay xet ve mat hoa hoc he thda man yeu cau d l tilp tuc thir nghiem bam ep TCTHD tren ddi tuong md Bach Hd Ket qua day dau bang nude va nut dung dich chat HDBM tren mo hinh via ciia mdng md DNR va Bach Hd Cac k i t qua v i dong thai day dau bdi bom ep nude va bom ep nut chat HDBM IAMSM2 ciia md hinh dugc trinh bay cac hinh 4, 5, va chat HDBM IAMS-M3 hinh Tir cac k i t qua thu nghiem TCTHD bang bom ep dung djch chat HDBM tren hai he IAMS-M2 va LAMS-M3 tren md hinh mau loi mdng md DNR va Bach Hd cho thay hai he chat ben nhiet, tuong hop vdi nude biln va cd su giam SCBM hai pha dau-nudc biln xudng thap Kha nang cai thien he sd TCTHD tai md hinh DNR rat tdt (7,4%), ddi vdi md hinh mdng Bach Hd la 3,3%, nhd hon so vdi tinh toan ly thuyet Dieu cd t h i dugc giai thich la ddi tuong mdng md Bach Hd khong phu hop de ap dung cac phuang phap bom ep hoa hoc (dung dich chit HDBM, polyme ) Dau mdng md Bach Hd la loai dau ngot, nhe nen cd dd nhdt rat thip dieu kien nhiet dd cao ciia via, cong vdi ap suat thuy luc r i t ldn dudi dp sau hon 4000 m, dau de dang chay vao cac khe nut ldn va dugc nude day len, khong bi nam lai phan mao quan nhu ddi vdi dau tai md Rdng Ben canh dd, da khai thac bing bom ep nude lau, mot tang nude day khong Id cd chieu day tir vai tram den ca ngan met da dupe hinh tir nude bom ep nen bat ky mot tac nhan hoa hoc nao (dung dich chit HDBM, polyme ) neu dupe bom ep xudng, se bi pha loang va nam lai khdi nude day Tren ca sd cac ket qua thu dugc nghien ciru bom ep chat HDBM nham TCTHD tai mdng md DNR, hgp ddng nghien cim vdi XNLD VietsovPetro da dugc ky va thuc hien vdi tdng gia tri gin 200,000 USD Hien cac tinh toan tien kha thi cho du an thu nghiem bom ep ngoai gian DNR da dugc hoan tat va dang chuan bi nghiem thu 0.6 T 1 1 r 0.6 Bom ep chat HTBM IAMS-M2 (lCXXIpprn) 03 02S "fi 0.15 & o, 02 }£ '' ' Bam nude -s ft 5$ ; Bcrni nude ; ] C 0.05 10 12 14 The Ifch chat Lru bom £p, VborrWrong The tich chat aiu bom ep, VbcmWrong —a— Hi *i •Sky dlu p.lv —*— Chin A Ip k.gfcm2 a H* ^ Jiy iiu p-.Lv —*—CS*nh ip fcgfcod Hinh Ddng thdi day dau bdi bom ep nude va Hinh Ddng thdi day dau bdi bam ep nude vd bam ep nut chdt HDBM IAMS-M2 lOOOppm) tren bom ep nut chdt HDBM IAMS-M2 (lOOOppm) md hinh via N° XII, mdng DNR tren md hinh via N° XTV, mdng DNR 111 Nshien ciru Phdt trien va Ins dune Cone nshe Vdt lieu (KC.02/06-10)- Hd Noi 27/11/2009 The tich chii kru bcrm VbcrnWrong —o— Hi «6 tby diu p d —tz— Otnri ip kg/cm2 lie ii± ±ii icu ;:c ep *>aa: Vrnc -Hi »ir, diapiChiriip-ki an! i/in/i Ddng thai ddy ddu bdi bcrm ep nude vd i }di day dau bdi bom ep nude vd bom ep nut chdt HTBMIAMS-M2 (lOOOppm) tren bom ep nut chdt HDBM IAMS-M3 (lOOOppm) md hinh via Ns 9, mdng DNR tren md hinh via Ns 11 mdng md Bach Hd ffin/l D n tf IV K E T L U A N He chat HDBM IAMS-M2 va IAMS-M3 dugc phdi trdn cd kha nang giam SCBM xudng gia tri thap d ndng loang, ben d nhiet dd cao 91°C va 150°C nude bien sau 31 ngay, su thay ddi SCBM khong qua 25%, phu hgp vdi cac yeu cau ve mat ky thuat ciia XNLD Vietsovpetro ve su dung hdn hop chat HDBM de bom ep tang cudng thu hdi dau Cac thu nghiem mau loi tren md hinh mdng md DNR cho thay he sd day dau dugc gia tang 7,4% so vdi bom ep nude, cd kha nang ung dung thuc te rat ldn Thu nghiem day dau bang chat HDBM tren md hinh mdng md Bach Hd cho he sd day dau la 3,3%, cd the ddi tugng mdng md Bach Hd khong phii hop de ap dung phuong phap bom ep chit HDBM Loi cam on Cong trinh dugc thuc hien vdi su hd trg v l tai chinh tir d l tai KC.02.07/06-10 chucrng trinh KH&CN diim cdp nhd nude KC.02 (2006-2010) Cac tac gia gui loi cam cm den Cty Cd Phin TiCo, cong ty Oil Chem Technologies, Stepan da cung cap mau hda chat d l thuc hien nghien cuu Cac tac gia ciing gui loi cam on den Ban lanh dao XNLD VietsovPetro, Vien trudng va c&c Chuyen gia ciia Vien nghien cuu Khoa hoc va Thilt k l XNLD VietsovPetro da giiip da va tao tat ca cac dieu kien can thiet de chiing tdi cd the hoan tdt cac nghien cuu ciia minh Tai lieu tham khao Tran Le Ddng, Pham Anh Tuan, Le Dinh Lang, Ddc diem qua trinh thu hdi ddu dd mdng granite nut ne vd cdc gidi phdp trien vong de ndng cao thu hdi ddu mdng md Bach Hd, Hoi nghi Khoa hoc Cong nghe Nganh D i u trudc thim t h i ky 21, tap I , p 33-40 Ha Ndi, (2000) Taylor and Hawkins, Emulsions in Enhanced Oil Recovery, Chapter in Emulsion Fundamentals and Applications in the Petroleum Industry, Editor L.Schramm, p 267-268 Krurnrine, P H., Campbell, T C , and Falcone, J S., Surfactant Flooding I: The Effect of Alkaline Additives on IFT, Surfactant Adsorption, And Recovery Efficiency, Paper SPE 8998, SPE International Symposium on Oilfield and Geothermal Chemistry, Stanford CA (1980) 112 Nghien am Phdt triin vd ting duns Cone nehe Vdt lieu (KC.02/06-10)- Hd Ndi 27/11/2009 Raimondi, P., Gallaguer, B J., Bennett, G S., Ehrlich, R., and Messer, J H., Alkaline waterflooding : Design and Implementation of a Field Pilot, Paper SPE 5831, SPE-AIME Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, OK, (1976) Castor, T P., Somerton, W FL, and Kelly, J F., Recovery Mechanisms of alkaline Flooding, in Surface Phenomena in Enhanced Oil Recovery (Dinesh O Shah, Ed.), 249291, Plenum Press, NewYork, (1981) Wang, W., and Gu,., Interaction of Alkaline Solution with Oil-Brine-Rock Systems in ASP Flooding Processes, Proceedings of the 54 Annual Technical Meeting, Paper No CIPC 2003-142, Canadian F.M.Llave, B.L.Call, L.A.Noll, Mixed Surfactant Systems for Enhanced Oil Recovery, Tropical Report according to Agreement No DE-FC22-83FE60149, HT Research Institute National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research, December (1990) Bourrel, M , Chambu, C, Elf Aquitaine, The Rules for Achieving High Solubilization of Brine and Oil by Amphiphilic Molecules , SPE Journal, 23, 327-338, April (1983) N P Tung, et al, Design Of Thermostable Surfactant Systems For Enhanced Oil Recovery In The White-Tiger Reservoir By Experimental Optimization Method, Proceedings of The 2-nd International Conference "FRACTURED BASEMENT RESERVOIR", Vung Tau, 910 September, 243-249 (2008) 10 L L i , SPE, H.A Nasr-El-Din, et al., Rheological Properties of a New Class of Viscoelastic Surfactant, SPE paper 121716, (April - 2009) 11 P.A Farrington, H B Nembhard, D.T Sturrock, and G.W.Evans, Simulation Optimization Methodologies, Proceedings of the 1999 Winter Simulation Conference 12 J.C Miller, Wyggeston and Queen Elizabeth College, Leicester, Statistics for Analytical Chemistry, Third Edition th 113 ... dd cao 91°C va 150°C nude bien sau 31 ngay, su thay ddi SCBM khong qua 25%, phu hgp vdi cac yeu cau ve mat ky thuat ciia XNLD Vietsovpetro ve su dung hdn hop chat HDBM de bom ep tang cudng thu. .. tang cudng thu hdi dau Cac thu nghiem mau loi tren md hinh mdng md DNR cho thay he sd day dau dugc gia tang 7,4% so vdi bom ep nude, cd kha nang ung dung thuc te rat ldn Thu nghiem day dau bang... Tran Le Ddng, Pham Anh Tuan, Le Dinh Lang, Ddc diem qua trinh thu hdi ddu dd mdng granite nut ne vd cdc gidi phdp trien vong de ndng cao thu hdi ddu mdng md Bach Hd, Hoi nghi Khoa hoc Cong nghe Nganh