Thong tin khoa hgc cong nghe mo w THa NQhlEM KHI HOfi THfiN NQfiM T^l MO THAN Europe (HUGE), co funded by the Research Fund for Coal and ,, ^ ^l Z Z • = , Steel, are represented in the paper Within th[.]
Thong tin khoa hgc cong nghe m o w THa NQhlEM KHI HOfi THfiN NQfiM T^l MO THAN Europe (HUGE), co-funded by the Research Fund for Coal and Steel, are represented in the paper Within the project, several ex-situ experiments of hanl coal and lignite blocks gasification under simulated conditions of the underground coal gasification process (UCG) were performed Gidi thieu chung Hifin nay, than duge xem la nguin nang lugng nhat cd kha ndng dap ung duge nhu cau nang lugng trfin the gidi thdi gian dai Trfin 40% san lugng difin t h l gidi hifin dang dugc san xuat t u than, dd, tgi Ba Lan, s l Id 95% va theo d y bdo, din nam 2030, vific tieu thg than cdn tang cao han nO'a, phan dnh t i e tang trudng kinh t l cua nude Vi vgy, d l phat triin nguin nang lugng hifiu qua, an toan va than thifin vdi mdi trudng, dap ung yfiu edu giam phat thai nha kinh, cdn thilt phai trien khai cdc phuang phap su dung than hifiu qua, dgc bifit la ede phuang phdp san xult hydro t u than cho cdc nganh hda chat, van tai vd dien luc Nhung nam gan ddy, cdng nghe hda than ngam UCG (Underground Coal Gasification) dugc xem la mgt nhung bifin phap kha thi chfi bien vasu dgng than duge quan tdm rdng rai tai Cdng ddng chau Au(EU) va tren t h l dugc tifin hanh vao dau t h l ky 20 Den nay, da cd tren 50 d u an thu nghifim v l cdng nghfi duac triin khai, do, han ,,.^ ^l Z Z • = , ^'^" ""^ ^'^"^ '^'"^ '^^'°"'"^^' ^^ ^^" 30 dg' an dugc tiin hdnh tgi My kha ndng cdng nghfi cdc t u nhung ndm 1960 Tgi ehdu dilu kifin thg'c t l , trien khai thu Au, cac nghifin cuu v l cdng nghifim tgi chd quy md nhd d l i nghfi UCG duge thyc hifin tgi vdi edc via than ndng hifin tgm Phap, Bi, Anh, Ba Lan va Tay dung khai thac nhO'ng ly Ban Nha ve kinh t l hoac dja ehat vd culi Dy an Khi hda than ngam cung Id dp dung phuang phdp chuyen hda hydro UCG vd hfi thong quan trac dli cho chau Au - HUGE (Hydro vdi cdc via than ndng, bao gom Onented Underground Coal vifie xay dung, vgn hdnh va Gasification for Europe) giai ddng cua Id phan ung dogn2007-2010vdimgetieu Trong bai bdo nay, tae gia thu nghifim kha nang san xuat gidi thifiu cdc kit qua tu nhiJng hydro qua trinh thi> nghifim dugc lya chpn ve hda than ngim dugc kilm sodt qua trinh md phdng chuyin d l i thdng qua nhdng thay doi ve than san pham gidu nhifit va dp suat eua ede hydro, oxi vd hai nude Tu do, chdt phan ung vd san pham cung cap eac thdng tin thiet yeu Trong thuc hifin du an, chovificxaydyngvd van hdnh cung tifin hdnh danh gid ban Id phan ung ngdm tgi chd dau v l anh hudng eua cdng Thifit kfi va xay du>ng nghfi den mdi trudng (chat md hinh cdu true via than luang cua nude vd khdng khi, Hinh gidi thifiu tilt difin va dg I n djnh cua dia tdng) Cac kJch thude mgt md hinh c l u mgc tieu ddc trung cua dy an true via than Cdc buing HUGE bao gim: kiem chung hda vdi kich thude 0,1 x 0,1m • ^ -, - ^— , , , , y ^'oL••'••'•'••' ,w yC y-^Ml' 2C02(9) AH = - 226,0kJ/mol (2) Trong giai dogn tiep theo, ngudi ta ngung eung cap oxi va ddn hai nude vao khu vuc phan ung Luc nay, se xay phan ung nude - hap thg nhifit (endothermie water gas reaction): C + H20(9) -^ C0(g) +H2(g) AH = +135,7kJ/mol (3) Nhifit lugng thodt qua trinh oxi hda than d i n dugc tieu thg giai dogn cung elp hai Nhifit giam xuing dudi 700''c la dau hifiu qua trinh cung d p hai ddng Igi va t i i p tgc qud trinh thii oxi Thdi gian trung binh eua giai dogn oxi hda la gid vd giai dogn eung cap hai la 1,5 gid Trong qud trinh thu nghifim, ngudi ta quan sat dugc hai qua trinh tang va giam nhifit dg 5,1/11,5 15.78 9,46 14.40 29,45 9,77 5,54 0.24 0,19 1,7/7,8 ben Id phan dng, dam bao tri edc thdng s l thich hgp vdi qua trinh san xuat cd ham lugng cdc chat ehay cao, chu y i u Id hydro.v Vi vdy, giai dogn oxi hda tiip tgc dien tdi dat dirge nhifit khoang 1100°C -^ 1200°C Trong cae giai doan eung d p hai difin sau dd, vifie theo ddi nhifit difin lien tgc cho tdi nhifit dg giam xuing 700°C ^ 800°C Bang gidi thifiu phin vd nang suit tda nhifit cua san pham thu dugc cae giai dogn thu nghiem cdng nghfi UCG tren md hinh md phdng Thu" nghiem cong nghfi UCG tai mo Barbara Cae kinh nghifim thu duge cdc thd nghifim tren md hinh md phdng da cung d p cdc thdng tin c i n thilt cho vific xay dyng va vgn hdnh mdt Id phan ung ngim tgi khu vuc md than Barbara vdi myc tieu kilm soat hifiu qua qud trinh hda KHCNM s o 12/2012 * AN TOAN MO Thong tin khoa hQC cong ngh$ m6 W' than ngim va lya chpn cae dilu kifin toi uu eho vific san xuat hydro Cufic thu nghifim tgi ch5 difin 355 gid, tu ngdy 7/4/2010 ^ 22/4/2010, bat d i u bang vific khdi dgng qugt hut va dot chdy via than Khdng dugc cung d p trye tiip tu dudng Id vdo buing hda via than Vfa than dugc d i t bang md d i t (nhien lifiu Id propan butan), each cua vdo Id phan ung 4,5m Qud trinh d i t difin hai gid Cull giai dogn nay, nhifit dg eua nguin khdi id phan ung la 300°C vd san phim chay bung len Tiip theo, md dit duge gd bd va mgt phfiu rdt dgc bifit duae gdn len dudng ong vdo Qua trinh thu nghifim duge bat dau bang vific gia tang nhifit cua vTa than vd lugng oxi duge cung cap vdi luu lugng 20Nm^/gid (Nm^/gid la cdng suit nen (hoac Idng) Nm^/gid Id 1m^ ehat (Idng) bi nen bdi Niutan gid) Thdi gian thu nghifim hda dugc tinh tu thdi diem De xem xet hogt dgng khdng on djnh cua id phan ung 190 gid dau tien, cugc thu nghifim tai chd ed t h l chia lam ba giai dogn I - 190 gid: via than bat dau bat chdy vd Id phan ung hogt ddng I n t^nh II 190 gid - 355 gid (165 tiing): Id phan ung hogt dgng I n djnh III Tgi gid thu 355 va 40 sau: ddng cua Id phan yng vd kit thue thu nghifim Trong giai dogn I, via than duge gia tang nhifit va Id phan dng hogt dgng I n dinh Oxi vd Bdng Kit qud phdn tich cdc mSu than md Barbara tnrdc vd sau khikhi hda Miu than tai Phin edn lai sau md Barbara khi hda M3u nhdn ducc; Dd Im W, (%) 11.81 1,92 BdtroA'i(%) 15,56 7,81 0,51 0,86 21.708 30.450 Bd Im W (%) 6,39 0,54 DdtroA'' (%) 16,52 7,92 Chdt bdc V (%) 29,84 0,62 Nang suit tod nhidt Q- (kJ/kg) 23,192 30.914 C (%) 57,95 89,44 H'(%) 3,70 0,10 N- (%) 0,87 0,69 Luu huynh tong cOng S''(%) 0,54 0.87 S"c (%) " (%) 0,54 0,76 14,03 0,65 Luu huynh tdng cdng S'l (%) NSng sudt tod nhidt Q'i(kJ/kg) Phan tich Ghi chd: Luvng oxi duoc tinh theo: (€)•) = 100- IW) - i/f) - (C) - lH-)-tS'J-m(%) khdng hoac khdng giau oxi dyp'c cung elp ludn phldn vdi lyu lygng thay d l i nhdm thu dyyc cac s l Iipu thy nghidm khdc Trong glai dopn ndy, ddi (cd t h l kdo dai tdi gid) hoat dpng cua Id c i n thilt phai dCmg lai d l ngyng cung d p khdng hope oxi, nity cho Id phan yng Sy dn dinh cua Id dpt vao gid thy igo Trong giai dopn II, oxi dyp'c sy dyng nhy tac nhdn hda nhit vdi lyu lyyng 20.40Nm'/gid Trpng giai dopn ill qua trinh cung d p oxi ngirng Ipi, nito' dyyc cung e l p cho Id phan yng (lyu lyyng trung blnh 35 Nm'/gid) khoang t u i n KHCNM S 12/2012 • AN TOAN Mfl nham hp nhipt dp va ddng cda Id phan yng B i n tuin sau dd cdc tydng ngan dyyc dd bd va tlln hdnh thdng gid 6.1 Phin tich miu than trudv vi sau khi hda K i t qua phan tich ede miu than trydc va sag khi hda dyyc gidi thidg tren bang Ca hai m i u than deu dyyc lly tai buing hda, d phin tren, each vdch Id 2m Qud trinh phdn tich didn phdng thi nghiem theo eac tidu ehuan cua Ba Lan 6.2 Thinh phin san pham Thanh phan san pham tCr qud trinh hda dyyc thl hipn trdn bang Sau 190 gid, hopt dpng cua Id phan yng on Thong tin khoa hpc cong ngh$ mo ' Bdng Hdm lugng trung blnh cOa edc thdnh phin Him Iwgvig trung binh (% vol) Giai doan H, CO CH, C,H, HiS COi N, Ol 18,5 15.7 2,0 0,06 0,18 13.2 47,8 2,6 II - 5 gid 9,2 10,7 0.90 0,03 0,16 20.2 57,6 1,2 T i n g cdng 14,2 13,4 1.60 0,04 0,17 16,4 52,4 1,9 - gid Sdng The tich (Nm') Lwu iwgng trung blnh (Nm'/gld) Nang suit tda nhlit trung blnh cua (MJ/Nm') CQng suit nhlit trung binh cua khl(kW) 1.0-190 gid 38 444 202.3 4,67 262 II 90-355 gid 33.320 201,6 2.71 153 Tong cdng 71.764 202,2 3.75 211 Giai doan dinh hon vd nhyng thay d l i thdnh phan san phim khdng Idn Ham lyyng hydro, metan va CO deu giam theo thdi gian Hdm luyng cao nhat ghi nhdn dyyc la 45% hydro 35% CO vd 8% metan Ham lyyng trung binh cac thdnh phan tren sau qua trinh thu' nghiem Iln lyyt la 14%, 13,4% vd 1,5% Ham lu'png cua H2S dat myc 0,1 - 0,3%, trung binh 0,17% Ham lyyng C02 tang ty b i t d i u thu' nghipm, ty 10% len 30% (trung blnh 16,5%) Ham lyyng nito tang nhanh ldn 50% va tidp tuc tang tren 60% vlpc cung d p nity eho Id phan ung Ngodi cung cdn mdt lyyng nhd oxi (khoang 1,9%) dyyc ghi nhan qua trinh thy nghiem Trong gid thy nghidm thy 100, cd s y tang nhe v l ham lyyng oxi (len 10%), lien quan d i n nhyng v i n dd van hanh vdi thiet bi tach nhya than (tar separator) vd rd gid tai quat hut Ham lyyng nydc cd san pham cao vd vdo khoang 0,1kg H20/Nm' khd Tong t h l tich san phim khd la 71.764 Nm=, trung binh 202 Nm^/gid Khoi lyyng nydc la 7410kg trung binh 20,9kg/gid Trong qud trinh thy nghiem, hang ngdy cd khoang 500dm^ nydc nhilm bin dyyc thu gom, trung binh Id 20,8kg/gid Tong khii lyyng nydc la 14810kg, tong khii lyyng nydc nhidm bin Id 7400kg Trong qua trinh hda, khdng c i n cung d p nude bo sung ngudn nydc ty nhien lien tgc chay vao Id phan Crng w hidn nang suit tda nhipt cua chCing tinh theo MJ/m^ Bang gidi thipu mpt s l thdng s l ky thudt cua san phim giai doan I vd II cua thy nghipm hda than Ket luan - Tinh kha thi cua phyong phdp sdn xult gidu hdro bing cdng nghd UCG da dyyc chyng minh qua thy nghipm trdn md hinh khoi than, kha ndng san xuat I n d|nh san phim vdi ham lyyng trung binh 78% cde thdnh phan nhien Iipu vd tren 50% hydro - Thd nghidm thyc t l tai md than Barbara da chung minh tinh kha thi cua viec san xult nhidn lieu dieu kipn thyc t l dydi him Id Tuy nhien, ddng khdng dy khdng kilm sodt dyyc xam nhap vao Id phan yng Idm giam chit lyyng mpt phan cdc thdnh phin nhidn Iipu bic chdy vdi lyyng oxi cd khdng dy Day chinh Id nguyen nhdn khiln cho nang suit tda nhiet trung binh cua san phim tyyng d l i thip - Tuy nhidn, cac kit qua cho thay, cdng nghp UCG cd t h l dp dgng thdnh cdng viec sy dgng gidu hydro va bang each dd, san xult duyc cd nang suit tda nhipt cao Hien tai, ham lyyng hydro cao nhit thu dyyc cac thy nghidm UCG tai hipn trydng la 40%, nhyng c i n tiip tgc cdc nghidn cyu thy nghipm nham t i l yu hda qud trinh san xult giau hydro./ Nang suit tda nhipt dyyc tinh theo edng thyc; W =(12.634 CO+ 63.785 • C2He + 10.804 • H2 + 35.818 • CH4+14,7H2S)(MJ/Nm=) Quoc Trung (biin dich) Trong dd, CO, C2H6, H2, CH4 Nguin- Tuyin tip bio tai vd H2S t h l hipn ham lyyng (theo % the tich) cua cdc Hii nghi Khoa hoc Ky thuit M6 phdn rieng biet Quic ti lin thd 22, Istanbul, Thd san phim va cdc eon so t h l Nhi Ky-2011 KHCNM sfl 12/2012 • AN TOAN MO ... Hinh Sa dd hd thdng hda than ngim Bdng Cdc thdng sd ly hda cda miu than su diing thge nghidm khf hda than ngim Gii trI Thing so Md than Plast IWd than Bletszowlce Md than Barbara B6 dm W [%]... Cde via than sir dgng thyc nghidm dyp''c md phdng theo edc kh6i than tai edc md Plast vd Bielszowiee (Cdng ty Weglowa SA) Ngodi ra, cdn tlln hdnh thyc nghidm tai ch5 trdn quy md nhd tai md than Barbara,... 22/4/2010, bat d i u bang vific khdi dgng qugt hut va dot chdy via than Khdng dugc cung d p trye tiip tu dudng Id vdo buing hda via than Vfa than dugc d i t bang md d i t (nhien lifiu Id propan butan),