cd sd KY THUAT HA TANG • NANG i i^rtMfi • MOI TRUCING f^ ̂ 3 ̂ 5 ^>| TS TRAN NHdN Md DAU Quan ly nha nude ddi vdi Tai nguyen nude (TNN) d nude ta da phat trien td don gian din phde tap, gan vdi trinh[.]
c d sd KY THUAT HA TANG • NANG i i^rtMfi • MOI f ^ -^3-^5 TRUCING ^>| TS TRAN N H d N Md DAU Quan ly nha nude ddi vdi Tai nguyen nude (TNN) d nude ta da phat trien td don gian din phde tap, gan vdi trinh dp phat trien kinh t l - xa hdi, vdi phat triln khoa hpe edng nghe, dac biet la trinh dp nhan thde cang tu giae eua ngudi v l tfnh chit da dang, phong phu cua TNN va djch vu nude Mat khac, quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN d nude ta la mdt bd phan he thing quan ly nha nude noi ehung Nhung qua trinh doi mdi quan ly, bd phan da khdng dupe quan tam chi dao de vuon len dap dng kjp yeu d u Cho nen so vdi yeu clu phat trien kinh t l - xa hdi d thdi ky mdi, va so vdi trinh dp phat trien eua he thing quan ly nha nude ndi ehung, thi quan ly nha nude dli vdi TISIN da to bit cdp va tut hau Tinh trang bit cap va tut hau the hien tren ea mat: The chl quan ly (eo chl chfnh sach), to chdc bd may quan ly va cdng nghe quan ly Td nhan djnh nhu vay ehung tdi se trinh bay trpng bai mdt he thing cac can ed cho viec thiet k l mdt phuong an quan ly nha nude dli vdi TNN nham tdng budc loai bd cac mat bit cap va tut hau neu tren Day ehfnh la djnh hudng doi mdi quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN thdi ky phat trien mdi eua dit nude va bao gdm cac vin de eo ban dudi day: I Nhdng quan diem co ban v l doi mdi quan ly nha nude dli vdi TNN II Mdt sd vin d l doi mdi the chl quan ly nha nude dli vdi TNN III Mdt sd vin d l doi mdi to chde va hoat ddng quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TJMN I N H C N G Q U A N D I ^ M CO BAN DOI M6| QUAN LY NHA NU^C 001 VOfl TNN Djch vu nude (san pham nude) la hang hoa Mdt each khai quat, quan diem nhln nhan: Nude d trang thai tu nhien la tai nguyen; nude qua edng trinh, qua xd ly dap dng nhu clu sd dung cho hoat ddng phat trien kinh t l - xa hdi va hoat ddng tieu dung eua ngudi la mdt loai hang hoa Cung dng hang hoa nude (cung nhu nhilu loai hang hoa khac) den ngudi dung nude la mdt djch vu, vl v§y phai dupc thuc hien theo nhdng nguyen tie hach toan kinii doanh Day la mdt nhdng quan diem v l quan ly tong hpp TNN da dupc ddng dao cac chuyen gia, cac nha quan ly nude va quIc t§ thda nhan Sd dT quan diem d n dupe cac co quan quan ly nha nude chip thuan nhu mdt nguyen ly khach quan la de td dd xay dung the c h l quan ly mdi v6i CO chl chfnh sach hpp ly, tao ddng luc va phat huy ndi luc phat trien bin vdng nganh kinh t l nude, bao dam khai thac, cung dng nude thda man cac nhu d u hpp ly cua xa hdi va nIn kinh t l , sd dung tilt kiem va bao ve t i t TNN Bao dam yeu c l u khai thac, Iqfi dung tong hqfp TNN, k i t hofp chat che hai mat kinh t l , xa hoi cua djch vu cung iPng hang hda nude Djch vu nude (djch vu eurig dng hang hda nude) thudc ITnh vue ket clu ting, dap dng nhu clu dung nude eua nhilu nganh kinh td (ndng nghiep, edng nghiep, phat dien, van tai thuy, du Ijeh ) cung nhu nhu cau dung nude sinh hoat eua nhan dSn; ddng thdi thanri gia tfch cue vao viec phdng ehing tai nan thiiu va thda nude gay (han han ID lut), bao ve mdi trudng sinh thai bin vdng Nhuvay, phai khai thac cac ngudn nude theo hudng Ipi dung tong hpp, phue vu da muc tieu Muln dat dupc yeu clu nay, hoat ddng khai thac ngudn nude, cung Cmg va sd dung nude khdng the tu phat, phai dua vao cac quy hoach da dupe phe duydt va dilu chinh cap nhat hda qua tdng thdi ky Mat khac, djch vu nude vda thupc kit clu ting kinh t l vda thudc kit d u ting xa hdi Do dd, djch vu nude tron^ mang tfnh san xult kinh doanh la chu ylu (de tap ddng luc phat trien bin vdng) vin phai dupe dilu chfnh blng cac ehfnh sach xa hdi thfch iipp cua Nha nude Day chfnh la su t h i hien viec kit hpp hai mat kinh t l va xa h6i cua dieh vu nude NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG & - 2014 BINH HUdNG POI Xoa bo c h l bao d p tran lan, thuc hien xa hoi hda hoat dong bao ve, khai thac TNN va djch vu cung i?ng nude Xda bd c h l dp bao elp tran lan la yeu d u ehung, ed tfnh nguyen tic ddi vdi cdng cudc phat triln kinh t l - xa hdi cua dit nude Nganh thuy Ipi hien tai - nganh kinh t l nude tuong lai, t i t ylu khdng the bam mai vao co c h l diu tu theo kieu "xin - cho": vda kem hieu qua, vda tao nhilu khe hd phat sinh tham d, lang phf va nhilu he luy tieu cue xa hdi khac Xda bd chl dp bao d p tran lan phai di ddi vdi viec thue hien xa hdi hda hoat ddng bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng djch yu nude Dilu ed nghTa la thay t h i mdt the chl quan ly bao thu, lac hau, kem hieu qua blng mdt t h i chl quan ly mdi thfch dng vdi co chl thj trudng, phu hpp vdi quy luat van ddng khach quan cua quan ly tai nguyen nude va hang hda nude Xda bd chl dp bao d p tran lan, thue hien xa hdi hda la huy ddng cac ngudn luc va ngoai nude de diu tu cho cdng cudc bao ve va phat trien TNN, cung dng djch vu nude, giai thoat cho Nha nude ganh nang dang phai don doe cang dang nhu d u vdn diu tu va ehi phf van hanh cdng trinh ITnh vue Xda bd chl dp bao d p tran lan, thuc hien xa hdi hda edng cudc phat trien, bao ve TNN va khai thac, cung dng djch vu nude la qua tririh ti^ng budc tao lap va phat trien mdt nganh kinh t l nude nhilu phin, hoat ddng theo co chl thj trudng thay t h i he thing qudc doanh dang doe diln, bam theo co che "xin - cho" ya le thudc vao "blu sda ngan sach", vdi hieu qua rIt thIp, an ehda nhilu ylu td thu ddng, tieu cue Xda bd CO c h l bao d p tran lan theo kieu "xin cho" khdng ddng nghTa vdi xda bd su tai trp thfch dang (minh bach, hpp ly) cua Nha nude ddi vdi nhdng nhu d u diu tu bao ve, khai thac TNN thue su d p thilt, cho hoat ddng cung dng djch vu nude d nhdng vung miln nhlt djnh (nhlt la dli vdi miln nui, vijng sau vung xa), cho mdt sd ddi tupng diJng nude d n dupc tai trp, dac biet la ddi vdi mdt sd loai hd dung nude cd thu nhap thIp Thuc hien quan ly nha nude tap trung thdng nhlt, khdng ehia c i t , phan tan; khdng i l n san sang quan ly san x u l t kinh doanh; cd hieu luc va hieu qua cao Trude hit, phai khie phue tinh trang quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN ehia elt, phan tan nhu hien Khdng the de mdi Bd, mdi elp ehfnh quyIn nim mdt mang, mdt ITnh vue, tiln hanh khai thac TNN va sd dung nude khdng theo chiln lupe phat trien va quy hoach tong t h i ehung Cac quy hoach khai thac TNN va sd dung nude cac nganh, cac d p ehfnh quyIn lap pliai qua khau tong hpp, tham djnh, xet duyet cua co quan chde nang quan ly nha nude y l TNN, khdng the de tdn tai tinh trang "manh nly lam" Mat khac, phai phan bd, d p xep lai nhiem vu chde nang quan ly va phat trien TNN giiia Bd Tai M | Q U A K LY.» nguyen va MT - co quan quan ly nha nude tdng hpp ve TNN, vdi eae Bp nganh quan ly khai thac nude chuyen nganh, cac cap chfnh quyIn dja phuong theo nguyen tie tap trung thing nhlt, cd phan edng, phan d p hpp ly Cin nhanh chdng ehim ddt hien trang Bp quan ly nude chuyen nganh "bao san", "iln san" sang Bd quan ly nude tong hpp Cung vdi viec phan bd, sap xIp lai nhiem vu chde nang quan ly nha nude theo hudng tap trung thing nhat, khdng ehia elt phan tan, quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN, edn phai giai quylt triet 6^ tinh trang quan ly nha nude sa da vao cac hoat ddng quan ly san xult kinh doanh cu the Cac eo quan quan ly nha nude phai tap trung vao viec xay dung va to chdc thi hanh phap luat, co chl chfnh sach; xay dung chiln lupe va quy hoach tong the eCjng cac ke hoach dai han; hudng din, giam sat va tao dilu kien, mdi trudng thuan Ipi cho nganh kinh t l ^ nude nhilu i h ^ h phan hoat,ddng II MOT SO VAN DE \fE DOI M6i THE CHE QUAN LY NHA Nl/OfC DOI VOfl TNN Xay dung the chl quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN la mdt cdng viec Idn lao va phde tap nhung lai la dilu kien tien quylt cho su cdng eua cdng cudc doi mdi ITnh vue Doi mdi the chl quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN phai phu hpp vdi dudng ldi phat trien kinh t l - xa hdi va quan triet quan dilm eo ban duoc neu tai muc I Nhdng vin d l chu ylu cua ITnh vue la: Hoan chinh va hoan thien he thong phap luat va cof c h l chfnh sach quan ly nha nude ve nude He thing phap luat va eo chl ehfnh sach quan ly nha nude la edng cu quan trpng nhlt cua quan ly nha nude viec dieu chinh hoat ddng bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng, sd dung djch vu nude Hien trang eua he thdng phap luat va co che chfnh sach quan ly nha nude dli vdi TNN dang td bit cap, tut hau, ehia d t , cue bd ban vj va khdng ddng bd Viec hoan chinh va hoan thieri he thing phai tap trung vao eae khau then chit nhlm thao gd eae nut thIt, tao budc dot pha, giai toa finh trang tri tre quan ly nha nude v l TNN va quan ly san xult kinh doanh djch vu nude 1.1 Thue trang "bit cap, tut hau, chia dt, cue bd, ban vl va khdng ddng bd" the hien Luat TNN 1998 va Luat TNN (sda doi) 2012 + Luat TNN 1998 cd ndi dung kha toan dien (so vdi Luat TNN 2012), nhung cung ehi nang v l ITnh vue thuy ndng (thuc chit ch[ la "Luat TNN eua Bp Ndng nghiep va PTNT'), va vin mang nang tfnh bao elp, trupt dai theo co chl "xin - cho" Luat chup nguyen trang cung each quan ly lac hau ed hdu cua Bp Ndng nghiep va I^TNT (va Bd Thuy Ipi tn/dc dd) Trudc tac nghiep t h i nao thi v i n tilp diln theo ldi mdn nhu thi: Cac eo quan v i n lap du an, trinh duyet, ghi vdn, ehd ngan sach d p vdn; hd dung nude thi van thu ddng ngdng trong; tdng hang NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG & • 2014 DINH HUdNG DOI MCil QUAN LY muc cdng trinh vin khat vdn; thue trang he thing cdng trinh vin lien tuc xuIng elp keo dai Tdc la vin lam k l hoach phat trien thuy Ipi theo cung each xua cu nhu vai chue nam trude + Sau chdc nang quan ly nha nude v l TNN dupe chuyen giao td Bp Ndng nghiep va PTNT sang Bp Tai nguyen va MT (2002), Bp trudng Tai nguyen vd MT Mai True da thuc hien duac mot budc dot pha quan trpng: chu tri soan thao va trinh Thu tudrig Chfnh phu ky Quylt djnh phe duyet Chiln lupe qudc gia v l TNN din nam 2020 (Quylt djnh sd 81/2006/QD-TTg, 14/4/2006) ^ Quylt djnh 81/2006/QD-TTg nhln manh quan diem: "Tai nguyen nude phai dupe phat trien bin vdng; khai thac, sd dung tiet kiem, hieu qua, tong hpp va da muc tieu Phai coi san pham nude la hang hda; sdm xoa bd eo chl bao elp, thi/c hien xa hdi hda eae hoat ddng bao ve, phat trien ngudn nude va cung dng djch vu nude." v l nguyen tie chi dao, QD 81 luu y: "plu tu cho bao vp va phat trien ben vdng TNN la diu tu cho phat trien, mang lai hieu qua kinh t l xa hoi ca trude rnit va lau dai Nha nude bao dam cac nguIn lue diu tu eIn thilt, ddng thdi ed ehfnh sach huy ddng su ddng gdp eua doanh nghiep, edng ddng va md rdng hpp tac qudc t l de tang eudng diu tu cho edng tac quan ly, bao ve, phat trien bin vdng TNN va phdng, chdng tac hai nude gay ra." v l Muc tieu tong quat, QD 81 neu rd: "Bao ye, khai thac hidu qua, phat trien bin vdng TNN quIe gia tren eo sd quan ly tong hpp, thing nhlt TNN nhlm dap dng nhu d u nude cho dan sinh, phat trien kinh t l - xa hdi, bao dam qudc phong, an ninh va bao ve mdi trudng thdi ky day manh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dit nude; chu ddng phdng, chdng, han chl din mdc thIp nhlt tac hai nude gay ra; tdng budc hlnh nganh kinh t l nude nhieu phin phu hpp vdi nIn kinh t l thj trudng djnh hudng xa hdi chu nghTa; nang cao hieu qua hpp tac, bao dam hai hda Ipi ich gida cac nude CO ehung ngudn nude vdi Viet Nam." v l cac muc tieu cu the, QD 81 luu y: "Hlnh thj trudng cung dng djch vu v l nude vdi su tham gia cua cac phin kinh t l va thj trudng chuyen nhupng, trao ddi gily phep v l tai nguyen nude." Ve Nhiem vu chu ylu, QD 81 luu y: Cin "tao lap CO sd phap ly cho viec hlnh thanh, phat triln thi trudng djch vu v l nude va chuyen nhupng, trao ddi gily phep tai nguyen nude" v l hoan thien the chl, td chdc, QD 81 neu rd: "a) Sda ddi, bd sung Luat TNN va cac van ban quy pham phap luat khac ed lien quan de dap dng yeu clu quan ly tdng hpp va thing nhlt TNN, chuyen td phuong thde quan ly hanh ehfnh, bao cap, dap dng nhu clu sang quan ly nhu clu va coi san pham nude la hang hda; dilu chinh cu the cac dli tupng long, bd sdng, bai bdi, vung dit udt cda sdng; thuc hien quan ly theo luu vue sdng, bao v§ he sinh thai tliuy sinh va cac vCjng dit ngap nude; b) Tang eudng sddung cac cdng cu kinh t l viec ngan ngda, xd ly d nhilm TNN; khai thac, sd dung TNN va xa hdi hda viec cung dng va sd dung eae djch vu nude; e) Ban hanh ehfnh sach phf, le phf, thul; cac quy djnh v l don gia, djnh mdc kinh te - ky thuat ITnh vue TNN Bao dam cac to chde cung elp djch vu nude ed kha nang tu can ddi tai chfnh, chu dong viec tu, bao dudng cac eo sd ting khai thac TNJsi Khuyin khfch cdng ddng, eae td chdc, ca nhan diu tu cung elp djch vu nude, bao dam sii dung nude tdng hpp, da muc tieu, cd hieu qua, bao dam an ninh nude va bao ve mdi trudng; d) Day manh cai each hanh ehfnh ITnh vue TNN theo hudng sda ddi, bd sung chdc nang nhiem vu cac CO quan quan ly nha nude v l TNN td Trung uong din eo sd, lam rd su phan cdng gida cac Bp, nganh va tang eudng phan elp cho eae dja phuong quan ly tdng hpp TNN." Tile ring, nhdng tuu that dang khfch le da dat dupe tai QD 81/2006/QD-TTg dudng nhubj lang quen chang bao lau sau van ban dupe Thu tudng Chfnh phu phe duyet! Khi lap du thao Luat TNN sda ddi 2012, Ban soan thao (thiiu ving su chi dao sic va nhay ben cua Bp trudng Mai Ai True [da nghi huu]) khong nhdng khdng dua nhdng quan dilm, nguyen tic, tu tudng ehfnh sach phu hpp vdi co chl thj trudng va tiln trinh ddi mdi dit nude (da dupe khang djnh Quylt djnh 81/2006/QD-TTgj vao ban dir thao, ma tren thue t l , ban du thao Luat TNN (sila ddi) 2012 (da dupe Qudc hdi thdng qua 21/6/2012), lai cung chi la ban chup thuc tran^ nhOng cdng viec quan ly TNN ma tren thue te Bp Tai nguyen va MT dang tac nghiep (bit cap so vdi tinh than chde nang nhiem vu dupc Qudc hdi giao cho Bd Tai nguyen va MT tai Nghi quylt 02/2b02/QH11, 5/8/2002) Luat TNN (sda ddi) 2012 bo sot nhilu ITnh vue (dac biet la ITnh vue quan ly khai thac edng trinh thuy Ipi da dupe d l cap kha dly du Luat TNN 1998) Day cung la mdt van bdn Luat thudc loai ehIng miy quan tdm Chi cd cdc t^e gia soan thao la phdn khdi va "tu sudng" ma th6i! Luat TNN (sda ddi) 2012 thuc chit cung ehi la "Luat TNN eua Bd Tai nguyen va MT', cung nhu dtr§n da ndi: Luat TNN 1998 thuc chit chi la "Luat TNN cua Bp Ndng nghiep va PTNT'! Va dupfng nhien, mdt Luat TNN (sda ddi) 2012 philn dien, ngheo nan nhu vay (so vdi LuSt TNN 1998) duac Qudc hdi thdng qua [cho B6 T?ii nguyen va MT(?)], thi he qua tit y l u la: Bp Nong nghiep va PTNT lai phai xue tiln dang ky de dupe Qudc hdi ghi vao chuong trinh thdng qua LuatThiiy Ipi (Law of Hydraulic Engineering)(2) ma thue chSt chi la Ludt Thuy ndng, hay Luat Tudi Tieu (Law of Irrigation and Drainage)(3) thdi gian tdi [cho NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG & • 2014 DINH H U N G Bd Ndng nghiep va PTNT(?)] de lip dly vao khoang trlng luat phap dd Day la mot bieu hien rd net v l thuc trang bit cap, chia d t , cue bp ban vj td eae CO quan thupng ting cua Nha nude, "qua maf Thu tudng Chfnh phu va uy ban Thudng vu Qudc hdi, keo dai da hon mot thap ky! 1.2 Ddi mdi, hoan thien cac co chl ehfnh sach trpng ylu: + Chfnh sach phat trien nganh kinh t l nude nhilu phan + Chfnh sach huy ddng cac ngudn lue eua xa hdi va ngudn lue td ben ngoai de diu tu clio edng cupe bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng djch vu nude + Chfnh sach tai ehfnh, dac biet la ehfnh sach gia djch vu nude + Chfnh sach diu tu, tai trp cua Nha nude theo muc tieu (khdng bao elp tran lan, khdng "xin - cho" tien; han chl t l i da nhdng lenh hanh chfnh khdng d n thilt) 1.3 Trien khai thue hien Chiln lupe Qudc gia v l TNN din nam 2020 (Quylt djnh s i 81/2006/QDTTg, 14/4/2006) va Quy hoach tdng the v l bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng djch vu nude eCing vdi cac quy hoach vung, quy hoach nganh eua ITnh vue Tao dilu kien, mdi trudng va khuyin khfch nganh kinh t l nude nhilu phin hlnh va hoat dong Khai thac TNN, djch vu cung dng nude, v l ban chit, la hoat ddng san xult kinh doanh, thue hien hach toan kinh t l theo co chl thj trudng, Di ddi vdi viec xda bd chl dp bao cap tran lan, y lai vao vdn elp phat ciJa Nha nude, phai phat trien nganh kinh t l nude nhilu phin de huy ddng cac ngudn lue eua xa hdi va td ben ngoai diu tu cho khai thac, cung dng djch vu nude, bao dam nhu clu eua san xult kinh doanh va sinh hoat edng ddng De thue hien yeu clu nay, d n thilt: + Xay dung, ban hanh phap luat, eo chl ehfnh sach nhu da neu tai muc 1-1 nhlm tao dieu kien, mdi trudng cho nganh kinh t l nude nhilu phin hlnh va hoat ddng di vao n l nip Cac td chdc, ea nhan thupc cac phin kinh t l dupe khuyin khfch diu tu khai thac TNN, cung dng djch vu nude theo phap luat, ehfnh sach va theo quy hoach + Tdng budc thu hep, giam nhe phin kinh doanh nha nude dang doc diln va kem hieu qua Xa hdi hda sd hdu nha nude d nhdng khau Nha nude khdng d n nim gid Bidn phap chu ylu de thue hien ndi dung la cd phin hda cac edng ty nha nude ITnh vue nay; chuyen nhupng, cho thue, khoan quan ly cac mang ludi edng trinh nude Thanh phin kinh doanh nha nude tap trung nim gid cac edng trinh, eae diu mdi thilt ylu, quan trpng, ed kha nang dilu tilt hoat ddng khai thac TNN va cung dng, sd dung djch vu nude, ddng thdi cung phai hach toan kinh doanh va xda bd chl dp chu quan, CO c h l an bam vao ngan sach d nhdng noi, nhdng D P I M I QUAN LY ITnh VUC edn ap dung chl dp tai trp thi phai dupe the chl hda minh bach, loai bd co chl "xin - cho" tien, vd nguyen tie + Nha nude diu tu va tai trp theo muc tieu Chi diu tu (hoac diu tu vdi ti le thfch dang) vao nhdng khau quan trpng ma eae phin kinh t l khac khdng ed kha nang thue hien Chi trp giup tai chfnh ( d p vdn, cho vay vdn, trp gia ) cho nhdng trudng hpp, nhdng dli tupng eIn thilt, theo ehfnh sach, ke hoach phat trien kinh t l - xa hoi ma khdng tran lan, cao blng Xay dung, ban hanh chfnh sach tai chfnh tfch cue Chfnh sach tai chfnh mdi, lam nIn tang cho viec hlnh va phat trien cua nganh kinh t l nude, phai dua vao quan diem va nguyen tac: Xda bd chl dp bao elp, thue hien xa hdi hda hoat ddng bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng djch vu nude Trong ehfnh sach tai ehfnh, phai chu trpng mat xfch quan trpng sau day: 3.1 Gia sin pham nude va dieh vu cung Ung nude Cho din nay, djch vu nude vin ehua dupe trao ddi sdng phang tren thj trudng gida ngudi cung dng va ngudi sd dung Nhln ehung, gia djch vu nude (ndng nghiep, edng nghiep, sinh hoat ) khdng bu dip du chi phf van hanh va nang cap edng trinh, ehua ndi din eae ylu td khac nhu thu hdi vdn, Ipi nhuan hpp ly va tfch luy de tai san xult md rpng De quan triet quan diem va thuc hien nguyen tic neu tren, gia djch vu phai dupc xac djnh theo hudng: + Gia djch vu nude phai bao gdm dly du eae yeu td, bao dam cac doanh nghiep cung dng djch vu nude thue hien tu chu tai chfnh san xult kinh doanh djch vu nude Ddng thdi ed kha nang khuyin khfch canh tranh nang cao chit lupng djch vu va gia san pham + Gia djch vu nude ap dung cho eae dli tupng thupc dien 6uac hudng uu dai theo ehfnh sach cua Nha nude gdm phin: mot phin ngudi tieu dung tra (theo quy djnh), phin eon lai Nha nude tharih toan (elp bu) Tdng sd vin bao dam nguydn tic tren, tdc bao dam toan cho doanh nghiep nude theo gia tfnh dung tfnh du cua san pham hang hda nude Duong nhien, cai each gia djch vu nude la ea qua trinh, phai lam tdng budc, chi dao phdi kit hpp ddng bd, theo Id trinh kha thi 3.2 Tao vdn diu tuphat trien Cin thilt phai cd chfnh sach va bien phap de huy dong dupe nhilu ngudn vdn td eae phin kinh t l nude va td nude ngoai de diu tu phat trien hoat ddng bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng, sd dung djch vu nude thay vl chi vao ngudn bao d p td ngan sach nha nude nhu hien v l dai the, vdn diu tu phat trien hoat ddng bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng djch vu nude nen cd CO clu nhu sau: NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG & • 2014 DINH HUdNG D | MCii QUAN LY., + Vdn ngan sach (ke ca vdn ODA) tap trung diu tu cho cac edng trinh trpng diem, cd quy md Idn, trinh dp cdng nghe cao; diu tuxay dung edng trinh d nhdrig dja ban edn nhilu khd khan (mien nui, vung sau, vung xa) + VIn eua cac doanh nghiep (qudc doanh, ngoai qudc doanh) + Vdn ciJa cac HTX ndng nghiep, tu nhan dau tu vao eae cdng trinh nhd d eo sd + Vdn diu tu true tilp td nude ngoai dupe huy ddng vdi co chl ehfnh sach minh bach, md eda, thdng thoang Can ed nhilu bien phap v l tai chfnh, ngan hang that nang ddng de nang cap kha nang huy ddng vdn td eae phin kinh t l nude va nude ngoai, ma dilu cdt ldi la: ehfnh sach gia nude phai rd rang, minh bach, bao dam cho mpi phin kinh te, doanh nghiep (trong va ngoai nude) bao toan va phat trien vdn nhd 6uac ban san pham hang hoa nude theo gia tfnh dung tfnh du gdm phin: phin thd nhlt thu td ngudi dung nude theo gia ban quy djnh (gia uu dai), phin thd hai thu td ngan sach nha nude khoan chenh lech (hd trp) gida gia tfnh dung tfnh diJ va gia uu dai Viec toan phin thd hai phai sdng phdng, dung quy djnh, dung thdi han, la trach nhiem eua Nha nude ehd khdng phai la su dan cn tieo , ^ x » , ' III MOT SO VAN DE VE DOI MOl TO QHUC VA HOAT DONG QUAN LY NHA NUdC DOI V6l TNN Ddi mdi td chdc va hoat ddng quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN phai quan triet quan diem quan ly tap trung thing nhlt va nhlm tdi muc tieu xda bd eo chl "xin - cho", bao elp tran lan, thue hien xa hdi hoa hoat dong bao ve, khai thac TNIM va cung dng djch vu nude Dudi day la nhdng diem then chit ciJa vin d l Xac djnh rd rang chifc nang, nhiem vu cua quan ly nha nude Cin sdm khac phue, xda bd nhan thdc Nha nude dam duong tit ca mpi viec, td td chdc bao ve, khai thac TNN din cung dng djch vu nude cho cac nhu clu thay vi day ehfnh la trach nhiem, nghTa yu cua ca xa hdi: doanh nghiep thupc cac phin kinh t l phue vu edng ddng cac hp dung nude theo nhdng dilu kien rang budc edng khai minh bach dupc quy djnh bdi phap luat Nha nude chi la ngudi hudng din, giam sat thuc hien De thue hien duofc yeu clu phai sda ddi, bd sung luat phap nhlm xac djnh rd nhiem vu, chde nang cua quan ly nha nude dli vdi TNN theo hudng: + Nha nude la ngudi nhlt va true tilp ban hanh phap ludt, chfnh sach, chiln lupe, quy hoach de dilu chinh hoat ddng bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng djch vu nude cua xa fipi + Nha nude chju trach nhiem hudng din va giam sat thue hien viec bao ve ngudn nude, mdi trudng nude, phdng chdng tai hoa nude gay + Nha nude chij ylu tao dilu kidn, mdi trudng de hlnh nganh kinh t l nude nhilu phan, hoat ddng theo eo chl thi trudng, ddng thdi true ti§p tham gia d mdc dp that edn thilt nhlm gid vdng kha nang dilu tilt thj trudng Nha nude ehi true tilp td chde thue hien cac khau ma cac phin kinh t l khac khdng the hoac chua cd kha nang dam nhiem Xac djnh nhiem vu chde nang cua quan ly nha nude dli vdi TNN edn d n cac quy djnh, chl tai dl cac CO quan quan ly nha nude khdng sa da vao cac hoat ddng su vu quan ly san xult kinh doanh djch vu nude Thuc hien quan ly nha nude tap trung thdng nhlt k i t hpfp phan cdng phan c i p hqfp ly De xda bd tinh trang phan tan, chia d t hien nay, phai thue hien quan ly nha nude tap trung thing nhlt kit hpp phan edng, phan elp hpp ly 2.1 Trudc hit, Bp Tai nguyen va MT phai dam duong vai trd cCia co quan quan ly nha nude tdng hpp ddi vdi TNN tren pham vi ea nude, mpi ITnh vue + Thay mat Chfnh phu trinh ban hanh cac dao luat v l TNN.' + Giup Chfnh phu xay dung va ban hanh cac chfnh sach vT md v l bao ve, khai thac TNN va cung dng, sd dung djch vu nude + Xay dufng k l hoach thuc hien Chiln lupe QuIc gia v l TNN, quy hoach tdng the v l TNN Trinh Chfnh phCi hoac theo tham guyin ban hanh cac tieu chuan, djnh mdc qudc gia v l TNN, mdi trudng nude, djch vu nude + Thuc hien quyIn quan ly nha nude v l phong chdng tai nan nude gay ra, bao ve mdi trudng nude 2.2 Cac Bd khac (Ndng nghiep & PTNT Xay dung, Cdng thuomg, Giao thdng Van tai ) thuc hien nhiem vu chde nang quan ly nude ehuy§n nganh; dai dien sd hdu nha nude ddi vdi vdn diu tu cua Nha nude tai eae doanh nghiep nude chuyen nganh Tdng budc xda bd che dp Bd chu quan doi voU cac doanh nghiep nha nude, dae biet rIt nang n l d ITnh vue thuy ndng Trong ITnh vue thuy ndng da xult hien nhilu md hlnh sang tao tu diu tu, tu quin ly, khuyin khfch y l u td canh tranh de gia djch vu nude td nhilu thap nien qua (vf du, co ch§ d i u thiu dudng nude d An Giang theo QB 244/QD.UB, 12/2/1991), nhung chua dupe quan tam tdng kit d l nhan rdng ma ehi mai lao vao eo c h l "xin - cho" lam triet tieu ndi luc va ddng luc phat trien ngudn vdn ngan sach rIt han hep 2.3 Chfnh quyIn dja phuong cac d p (theo phan elp eua Chfnh phu) thue hien quan ly nha nude toan dien dli vdi hoat ddng bao ve, khai thac TNN vi cung dng djch vu nude tren dja ban Khan truong td chdc tdng kit va nhan rdng cac diln hlnh tien tiln cung dng djch vu nude (td cac phin kinh tl) Quan tam chi dao, phat huy ndi lue eua eae NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG & • 2014 DINH HUdNG DPI M | QUAN LY hp thdng thuy ndng, nude sach hien ed, danh su uu tien diu tu vdn ngan sach clio edng trinh nude d cac vung sau vijng xa, vijng chua dupe diu tu bao gid Cdn bao dam yeu d u phan b l lai nhiem vu chdc nang gin kit vdi viec phan bd lai td chdc bd may, can bd edng chde ehd khdng gia tang bd may va can bd Quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN theo luu vue song Td kinh nghiem qudc t l , quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN theo luu vue sdng cd y nghTa rIt quan trpng viec gan bao ve, khai thac TNN vdi bao ve, khai thac tdi uu cac tai riguyen khac luu vue sdng; trudc hit phai nhlm dat muc tieu sd dung tdng hpp, da muc tieu TNN Theo kinh nghiem eiJa cac nude tren t h i gidi, co quan quan ly nha nude theo luu vue sdng ed eoelu: - Hdi ddng luu vue sdng bao gdm dai dien cua eae nganh lien quan d trung uong, cac tinh luu vue sdng, cd chdc nang nhiem vu: + Thdng qua quy hoach phat trien TNN luu vue + Thdng qua eae k l hoach lien quan + Theo uy quyIn, ban hanh mdt sd ehfnh sach ap dung luu vue sdng + thang hpp mdt iln Cac quylt djnh quan ly nha nude ddi vdi TNN cua Hdi ddng luu vue sdng phai dupc Bd trudng Bd Tai nguyen va MT phe duyet hoac thda thuan trudc dupc ban hanh - Ban Quan ly luu vue sdng la co quan dilu hanh cua Hdi ddng Luu vue sdng va la co quan qudn ly nha nude true thupc Bp Tai nguyen va MT, ed chdc nang nhiem vu: + Thu thap va chinh bien dd lieu, lap hd so nude va cac tai nguydn cd lien quan cua luu vue + Td chdc thi hanh Ludt, chfnh sach eua Nha nude, quylt djnh quan ly cua Bd Tai nguyen va MT va eua Hdi ddng Luu vue sdng + Lap quy hoach, cac k l hoach bao ve, khai thac TNN va bao ve mdi trudng nude luu vue d l trinh Hdi ddng luu vue sdng thdng qua, trinh Bd trudng Bd Tai nguyen va MT phe duyet + Thanh tra viec quan ly chit lupng nude va bao ve eae ting nude dudi dit + Hudng din, giup dd vd gidm sat hoat ddng eua eae doanh nghiep khai thac TNN ya cung dng djch vu nude luu vue, bao gdm elp va thu hdi gily phep khai thac TNN + Thu cac thul, phf dd trang trai hoac bu dip mdt phin cho eae hoat ddng quan ly luu vue, tiln tdi thu de ed kinh phf tdi trp cho vide xdy dung cac cdng trinh xd ly nude thai va mdt sd edng trinh thuy Ipi d vijng sau vung xa luu vue Bp Tai nguyen vd MT chu ylu nen tap trung vao xay dung eae td chde luu vue sdng lien tinh Ddi vdi cdc sdng ndi tinh, phan d p cho UBND tinh quan ly Nang cao trinh do, pham chit can bo, cong chiPc Nang cao trinh cong nghe quan ly nha nuac Vin d l d n dupc xac djnh theo yeu d u eua Chuong trinh tdng the Cai each hanh ehfnh nha nude theo cac giai doan Cu the nhu sau: 4.1 Nang cao trinh do, pham chit can bd, edng chdc tren cac mat chu yiu + Ddi mdi cdng tac quan ly can bd, cdng chde + Nang cao chit lupng, hieu qua dao tao bdi dudng can bd, edng chde + Nang cao tinh thin trach nhiem va dao ddc can bp, cdng chdc + Cai each tiln luong va cac chl dd, ehfnh sach dai ngd 4.2 A/angf cao trinh edng nghe quan ly nha nude ddi vol TNN tren cac rpat chu yiu: + Ddi mdi phuong thdc, l l ill lam viec; nang cao hieu luc, hieu qua hoat ddng eua eae co quan quan ly nha nude Trong dd tang eudng nhiem vu va vai trd (thue t l ehd khdng phai hlnh thde) cua td chdc Luu vue sdng (Hdi ddng va Ban quan ly) la mdt nhiem vu trpng tam, nhiem vu cue k^ quan trpng + Tdng budc hien dai hoa he thing quan ly tren CO sd drig dung tiln bd khoa hpe cdng nghe Lfu tien tao ngudn tai ehfnh kha thi cho nhiem vu KET LUAN Ddi mdi quan ly nha nude dli vdi TNN la yeu clu bde thilt, khach quan khdng chi cua ITnh vue ma edn la cua cdng cupe phat trien kinh t l - xa hdi ndi Chung Tuy nhien, phai thda nhan rang day la mdt cdng viec phde tap, ddi hdi phai dupc tiln hdnh mdt each bai ban, ed k l hoach ddng bd kha thi, chdng bao thu, tri tre nhung khdng ap dat ndng vdi, ddt chay giai doan De thuc hien yeu clu nay, trude hit phai lam rd djnh hudng ddi mdi quan ly nha nude dli vdi TNN va hang hda nude Dd la xac dinh rd quan diem, nguyen tie, muc tidu, ndi dung eo ban ciJa cdng cudc ddi mdi Trong dd muc tieu bao trum la phat huy ndi lue va tao ddng luc cho nganh kinh t l nude nhilu phan (khai thac theo phuong cham Ipi dung tdng hpp) phat trien bin vdng Moi ca chi chinh sach lam triet tieu ndi luc vaddng luc phat trien phai bj dep bo! 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