TAP CHi KHOA HOC & CONG NGH$ CAC TRÛCfNG DAI HOC KY THUAT • S6 92 2013 NANG CAO TRI SO OCTAN CUA XANG RON 90 B A N G P H U G I A M M T VA BUTANOL ENHANCEMENT ON OCTAN NUMBER OF GASOLINE RON 90 BY ADD[.]
TAP CHi KHOA HOC & CONG NGH$ CAC TRU^CfNG DAI HOC KY THUAT • S6 92 - 2013 NANG CAO TRI SO OCTAN CUA XANG RON 90 B A N G P H U G I A M M T VA BUTANOL ENHANCEMENT ON OCTAN NUMBER OF GASOLINE RON 90 BY ADDING ADDITIVES MMT AND BUTANOL Nguyen Dinh Thdng', Dao Hiing Cw&ng^, Tran Vdn Thdng^ 'Cdng ty xdng ddu khu vwc V, ^Tru&ng Dgi hoc Suphgm Dai hpc Dd Ndng, 'Tnr&ng Dgi hpc Bdch khoa Hd Npi Dgn Tda soan 20-4-2012, chap nhan dang 26-12-2012 TOM TAT NSng luvng la dSu tau cho si/ phit triSn kinh t4 vd ddm bao an ninh cda moi quoc gia The gial hi$n dang su- dijng chd yeu la ngudn nSng Iwgng hda thach Theo dw bio cua cac nha nghien cwu nhien li$u, nSng Iwgng hoa thach se can kiit din qua that gian khai thao Di doi vai van de kmh td, sw nhiSm mdi trwdng dang la mdi quan tam hang diu cua toan eiu Vl vay cac nha khoa hoc luon nghi&n c&u tim kiSm cac ngudn nang Iwgng khic nhim thay th4 din nang Iwgng hoa thach phai ke den nhi&n lieu sinh hoc Bai bio trinh bay nht/ng kit qua nghien eCru nhim ning cao td s6 octan cda xSng cd trt s6 octan thip xSng RON 90 xang co tn s6 octan cao han va lam giim ham lugng th^l nhidm mot truang V6i phu gia methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tneattonyl (MMT) (pha 19mg/l) va butanol (11% thi tich) pha vao xang RON 90 lim tang tn s6 octan len 1,6 dan w ocfan nhwng cac ehl tieu nhw ham Iwang Mn, oxy, benzen, Sn dinh oxy hoa vin dam bao phu hap vdl TCVN 6776 2005 TCrkhoa MMT, xang, butanol, octan, phu gia ABSTRACT Energy Is the most important element for economic development and security of each country Fossil energy sources are mostly used in the wodd nowadays According to the researchers, fossil fuels will be depleted over the time of exploitation Beside economic problems, environmental pollution IS the top concern of the globe Therefore, the research scientists are always looking for other sources of energy in order to gradually replace fossil energy, for example biofuels The repod presents research results to enhance the octan number of low octane number gasolines such as RON 90 and to decrease air pollution Adding methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tncarbonyl (fvlMT) (at the concentration of 19mg/L) and butanol (11% volume) to RON 90 gasoline has increased octane rating to 91.1 while other specifications sueh as Mn oxygen, benzene contents and oxidation stability remained at the accepted levels as required by the TCVN 6776.2005 standards MO DAU ,, 11 ,• Ngay nay, nen khoa hoc cane phat trien, nhu sir " 'cau , ' dung nang lupng o ^dang olar van de can thiel dung de phat trien San pham dau „ - ,- , X , , , ! i mo la la nguon nhien lieu chu yeu trono rat nhieu nganh cdng nghiep hda hpc, nang lugng va cac ITnh vuc hoat ddng cua nen kinh le dat nudc Qua trinh sii dung dau md phat trien manh dan den phat sinh nhieu van de can dugc giai quyet nhu: nhien lieu cang can kiet, va sii dyng san pham dau md gay d nhiem mdi trudng thai dpng co cang gia tang, sir hao t6n cong suat, tudi tho ddng ca cang nhanh, Mpt cac hudng nang cao chat luong sir dung cac san pham dau md la phai lim • iloai• phu i gia • phii :• L J - U^^ qua ' cac hop de Ihiic day _„ „ „ „ Incii n h i i oiQ n h i i hrrn Zip t h i i f rtnv (inn trinh chay tdt han, hoan toan hon cho nhien lieu, Nhien lieu sinh hoc ngoai chirc nang nhu ', , , • • u chay, nd cd the thay the nhien lieu khoang dang cang can kiet, ngudn nhien lieu cd the tai sinh va nudi trdng dugc' Viet Nam nam viing nhiet ddi, vdi hang tram loai thuc vat khac nhu: san, ngo, mia, tao , day se la ngudn cung cap nguyen lieu vd tan cho qua trinh san xuat nhien lieu nhu etanol, butanol I'J'L^J TAP CHi KHOA HOC & CONG N G H £ CAC T R U N G DAI HQC K* THUAT • SQ 92 - 2013 Bai bao chiing tdi cdng bd mdt sd ket qua dai dugc ve nghien cii'u cdng nghe phdi trdn \;ing vdi phu gia MM I va butanol nham nang cao chi lieu iri sd octan cua xang, ddng thdi mdi so chi tieu quan trpng ciia xang van dam bao dai chat lupng theo TCVN 6776:2005, NGUYEN LIFU VA PIIU'ONC; PHAP NGHIEN CUXl Mau xang dugc xir ly vdi dung djch brom va pha loang vdi metyl isobutyl ketone Xac djnh ham lugng Mn mau bang thiet bj quang phd hap thu nguyen tii, su dung ngon lira khdng - axetylen tai budc song 279.5ntn va cac chuan dugc chuan hi tir chit chuan mangan-hCru ca 2.2 Phinmg phdp phdn lich dn dinh oxy hod Z.I.Nguyen lieu - Xang RON 90 - Bulaiiol: ham lupng butanol (% the lich) 99.9%, - Chat phu gia MMT |C„I hMn(CO),] + Don VI cung cap Cdng ty DARYAR INTERNATIONAL CORP + Dia chi: 26 Dinh Tien Hoang quan TP Miiu duoc oxy hoa bom da nap day oxy tir dau d nhiet tir 15 den 25"C, ap suat 690kPa (lOOpsi) va dupc gia nhiet tir 98 den 102"C Dpc va ghi lai ap suat sau lirng khoang thdi gian djnh trudc cho tdi dai tdi dicm gay Thdi gian can de mau dat tdi diem gay chinh la chu ky cam irng da quan sat lai nhiel dp thii Tir thdi gian dd tinh chu ky cam dng tai 100r[31.[4] 2 Phinmg phdp phdn lich ham hrong oxy, benzen Hd Chi Minh + Dien thoai: 08 38224273 + Dia chi: 156 Nguyen Ciru Dam, phudng Tan Son Nhi, quan Tan Phu, TP Hd Chi Minh Tien hanh phan tich mau tren may sac ki GC 6890N de xac djnh ham lugng oxy benzen cd mau He phan mem xu ly dii lieu duoc phat tnen rieng cho he thdng phan tich cac hop chat tham \a cac hgp chat chira oxy xang theo phuang phap thii nghiem ASTMD-4815/D-5580 + Dien thoai 08,62678348 /62678349 dong: 0913653054 * Ham luong benzen \\b (%) xang diroc linh theo l\ le dap irng rsp,: -VIIBK, dung dich brom, chat chuan mangan hUTJ CO + Don VI cung cap Cdng ty TNHH Ky Thuat Sao Viet Di 2.2 Phuung phjp nghien ctiu „^"'-"'° (2.1) 2 Qui trinh pha i he Mau xang RON 90 thi nghiem dupc phdi iron vdi chat phu gia MMT va butanol 99,9% \di nhung khoi luong va the tich khac Sau khuay deu tao dung dich ddng nhat, mau dupc luu giu he Ihdng lam lanh lir ^ 4"C, sau dd lien hanh phiin lich cac chi tieu hoa ly quan trpng ciia xang dc lim ly lc ph6i iron loi nhat Trong dd \\\ - khdi lugng ciia mau xang ; khdi Urgiig chat thom W.tdugc ti'nh theo cong thirc (2.2) W,t 'V/ w.^ (2.2) The tich su dung cho tdng loai' xana RON90 butanol MMT \di : A,|, - dien tich pic cua chat therm; Asb dien tich mui ciia chuan ndi; Wsb - khoi lugng chuan npi them vao; m,b - dp ddc cua phuong trinh tuven linh cho chat thom thir i [5] - The lich xang RON 90 50 lit - Butanol 05 lit -MMT'01kg * Ham lugng oxy \Vo(%) xang dupc tinh I H^ xlOO theo ly le dap ung rsp,: \Vo = - ' y Phuang phdp phdu licit hdm Immg \fn Sau da xdc dinh dugc cac hgp chat chda oxy cd mau tinh dien tich ciia timg TAP CHi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE CAC TRU6NG OAI HQC K\ THUAT • S6 92 - 2013 pic va pic ciia chat chuan ndi Tir phuang trinh toi thieu dan gian, tinh toan khdi lugng cua lirng hop chSt chira oxy cd xang (Wio), sd dung ty le dap ung (rsp,) ciia dien tich ciia cac hgp chat chua oxy so vdi dien tich ciia chat chuan ndi theo cdng thiic: rsp, =(m,)(atm,) + b, (2.3) Uong do: rsp,: ty le dap ung doi vdi cac hpp chat chua oxy thu i (true y); (m,): ddc ciia dd thi doi vdi hop chat chua oxy thu i (b,) giao diem cua thi vdi true tung; (aim,): ty le ve lugng ciia hop chat chiia o\\ true \ , (atm,) = (W,o/Wso) \di \\',., lugng hgp chat chira oxy va Wso' lugng chat chuan cd mau [3] 2.5 Phuang phdp phdn tich xdc dmh tn so octan Trj sd oclan A dugc xac djnh tren may li'i so octan' WAUKESHA My, No: C14458/1 ket qua xac djnh dugc vdi cdng thirc linh: A - A , +(A2-A,) (2.4) Trong do: A| - trj sd octan cua nhien lieu chuan chan dudi, Ai - tri so octan ciia nhien lieu chuan chan tren; a - cudng dp kich no chi sd kich nd) ciia nhien lieu mau: - cudng kich nd cua nhien lieu chuan chan dudi; aj - cudng dd kich nd ciia nhien lieu chuan chan tren [3].[4],[61, 3.1.Su' phu thupc ciia trj so octan vao ham lirgng Mn duo'c pha vao Irong xang RON 90 Ket qua phan tich ham luang Mn va tri sd octan ciia cac mau xang RON 90 tir mau Ml den M6 trudc pha phu gia MMT dugc trinh bay d bang Pha I9mg phu gia MMT vao 01 lit xang cac mau xang lii' mau Ml den M6, kel qua phan lich ham lupng Mn va tri so octan cua cac mau xang tir mau Ml den M6 sau pha phu gia MMT dugc trinh bay d bang Bdn^ I Kel qua cua mdu xdn^ Ir roe pha phu an, MMT IV14 M2 M3 MS Tt Chi lieu Ml Ham lironp Mn, mg/1 0 0 Tri so octan 90,4 90,0 90,1 90.2 90,2 90,4 Bdn^ Kel qua cua mdu xdnj^ ¥lu Tt Chi tieu Ml M2 Ham lirong Mn, mg/1 4.88 4,90 Tn so octan 91,4 91,0 * Nhan xet Cac mau xang RON 90 sau pha MMT ham lugng Mn va tri sd octan tang len don vj octan 3.2 Su- phu t h u o c c u a h a m Ivcmg oxy, benzen, octan, d p on djnh oxy h d a v a o the tich phoi t r o n b u t a n o l vdi x a n g R O N 90 Tien hanh chgn xang RON 90 mau MI pha che vdi butanol theo cac ty le the lich tii % din 12% Kel qua nghien ciru s u phu thudc ham luong oxy vao the tich pha butanol vdi xang RON 90 mau M l d u o c trinh bay tren bang Ket qua tren bang cho thay iing vdi the tich butanol phdi Iron vao cang nhieu thi ham lirgng oxy cang ldn va vdi the tich pha 12% butanol thi ham lugng oxy bang 2,79%), ham lirgng vugt qua tieu chuSn cho phep (theo tieu chuan Viet N a m T C V N 6776:2005 ham litOTig oxy < , % khoi iugng) D o vay dh dam pha phu gia M6 MMT M3 M4 MS M6 4,89 91,1 4,88 91,2 4,90 91,2 4,89 91,4 biio mau xang phdi trdn vdi butanol co ham lupng oxy phil hop theo tieu chuan Viet Nam can chon the lich bulanol pha vao xang < 1 % T u o n g irng vdi the tich nay, ham lupng oxy la 2,62% hoan loan phii hgp vdi lieu chuan Viet Nam Ket qua tren bang cho thay pha bulanol vao xang cang nhieu thi ham lugng benzen cang giam gia Iri, dieu da gdp phan giam thieu ve d nhiem moi trudng Bang cho thay, \ d i the tich phdi trdn 12% butanol, xang dat In sd octan cao nhat 91,2 Tuy nhien theo kel qua phan tich ham lugng oxy bang 3, vdi the tich thi ham lupng oxy la 2,79% Ham lugng khong dat theo tieu chuan Viel N a m theo TCVN 6776:2005 Th^ tich bulanol dupc chpn pha che la 1 % tuong ling ham lugng oxy = 2,62% va tri sd octan dat , TAP Cni KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE CAC TRUdNG DjS.i HQC KV THU^T • S 92 - 2013 Bdng Sir phu thudc hdm lupng oxy benzen, oclan, on dinh oxy hda vdo the tich butanol limanoi (%vol) [ Idm lu(.Tng oxy (%wl) [lam lir(|Tiig licn^cii (%V(il) Tri s o o c l J i i ( R O N ) 90.5 90.6 90.6 90,8 90,* 90.9 Dij on tljiih oxy hod (phut) Bang cho thay, vdi the tich phoi trpn 12%) bulanol, xang dai trj so octan cao nhat 91,2 Tuy nhicn theo ket qua phan tich ham lupng oxy bang 3, vdi the tich thi ham lugng oxy la 2,79% Ham lugng khdng dat 91,0 91,1 684 694 theo tieu chuan Viet Nam theo TCVN 6776:2005 The tich butanol dugc chgn pha che la 11%) tuang ung ham lugng oxy = 2,62% va tri sd octan dat 91,1 Hinh I Sdc ky ciia cdc hap chdt chira O\T hdn hap xdng chira 11% butanol Hinh Do dn dinh oxy hda cua hdn hap xdng RON 90 + MMT + 11% Butanol 134 TAP CHI KHOA HQC & CONG NGHf CAC TRlTONG DAI HQC KV THUAT • SO 92 - 2013 Ket qua tren bang cho thay phoi trpn vdi cac ty le tir 1% den 12%i the tich butanol vao xang thi dp dn dmh oxy hoa ducfc deu phil hgp vdi tieu chuan Viet Nam (theo TCVN 6776:2005 dp dn dinh oxy boa > 480 phiit) 3.3 Sir phu thupc tri so octan vao ham lirgng butanol va MMT pha vao xang RON 90 Tien hanh chgn xang RON 90 mau Ml pha 19mg MMT, ket qua tri sd octan dugc = 91,4 dan vi octan sau dd tiep tuc pha vdi butanol theo cac ty le the tich tir 1% den 12% Ket qua nghien cuu su phu thudc Iri sd octan vao the tich phdi Iron butanol, phu gia MMT vdi xang RON 90 duac trinh bay tren bang Bang SIT phu thuoc tri so oclan vdo the tich bulanol vd MMT 1% 2% 3% 4% Butanol (%the ticli) Tri so octan (RON) 91,4 91,5 91,6 91,6 91,6 5% 91,7 6% 91,7 7% 91,8 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 91,8 91,9 92,0 92,1 92,2 g Ndng dp thdt cua mdu xdng RON 90 sau kht pha phu gia MMT butanol Xang RON 90 (Mau goc)