A Ky nang cipng 1 Thao tde vd van chuyen nguyen vdt lieu, cdng cu, linh kien, th i i t v\ va may mdc 2 Sir dijng th i i t b| do dac, kiem tra va can chinh theo tieu chuan 3 Cdi dgX vd vdn hanh mdy moc[.]
A: Ky nang cipng Thao tde vd van chuyen nguyen vdt lieu, cdng cu, linh kien, t h i i t v\ va may mdc Sir dijng t h i i t b| dac, kiem tra va can chinh theo tieu chuan Cdi dgX vd vdn hanh mdy moc, thiet b\ va dung cu cho san xuat Thyc hien cdc cdng viec van hdnh mgt day chuyen sdn xuat theo qui each Lap rdp, lap dat, k i i m tra cdc bp phan, t h i i t bi, may mdc, he thong, v.v Bao tri, bao dudng vd sipa chCpa/thay t h i cdc bO phdn, t h i i t bj/may mdc v.v li Sii" dung ban do, bdn thiet k i , ban ve vd cdc chi d i n ky thuat Ky nang mem Thu thap, x u ly, quan ly thong tin _2^ Ldm vigc nhdm Sip dyng cde khai mem va ky thuat todn hgc Dua q u y i t dinh va giai quyet van d i To chiPC, len k i hoach vd xap x i p t h u t y uu tien cdng viee SiJ dyng edng nghg may tinh, t h i i t bj d i i u k h i i n vd p h i n mem dieu k h i i n H i try t h i n khai dao tao cho lam Ap dung cdc dieu le, quy djnh ve an toan va sue khde n g h i nghiep Thiic day va ap dung cdc bien phap bao ve mdi trudng va t i i t kiem nang l u y n g 10 Cunq c i p dich vu cham sdc khach hanq THAI DO LAM VIEC Ddng tin cdy, cd trdch nhigm Chinh tryc, tdn trgng Tgn tam, trung thdnh, cong h i i n Chinh xdc, c i n than, tap trung Ky lugt, ngan n i p , dung gid Hyp tdc, giilp d d Linh hogt, thich iyng San sang hgc hoi, dinh hudng n g h i nghiep, tham vgng, ed ddng lyc, chii dgng 9^ Ti'nh sang tgo, doi mdi 10 Chju khd chju d u y c ap luc NGHIEN CLfU TRAO D 11 Cac nghi thirc cu- chi xa giao cdng vigc Do khdng phai t i t ca eae n g h i da d u y c cap nhdt Tieu chuan ky nang n g h i Q u i c gia deu ed sdn Chuang trinh khung q u i c gia de sir dung tham khao, sau qua trinh xdc djnh cdc muc ky nang d u y e tien thip nghiem tai cdc doanh nghigp, no cdn d u a c dua thao luan sdu han tai cugc hgi thao bao gom cdc dgi dign ciia nganh cdng nghiep, cua khu v y c ddo tao nghe va cac vien nghien eipu d Viet Nam Sau ciing tat ea nhung ddnh gid cac myc nang lyc de cap d bang sd lieu tren da d u y c hodn va d u y c si> dung eugc didu fra khao sdt Phipcng phap luan cho viec danh gia mipc phu hap giCra nang lipc cua sinh vien tot nghiep tai cac co" sa day nghi voi nhu cau cua thj tru'ang lao dpng De danh gia mipc dp phu hpp giua nang lyc cua sinh vien t i t nghiep tai cdc ca s d day nghe vdi nhu c i u cua thj trudng lao ddng mdt cdch he thong cdn phai co nhung thong tin v i : 1) thdng tin ve doanh nghiep, 2) c h i i n lupc tuyen dijng cija hp va 3) nhu cau lao dgng ciia hg tuang lai da dupe thu thgp qua eugc dieu tra khao sat (GIZ 2014) Ddy Id nhung thong tin quan trgng, nd giup chiing ta ndm d u y c tinh hinh cy the cua eae doanh nghiep d u y c khdo sdt hay cd d u y c mdt gdc nhin tong quat han nhdm hieu d u y c logic vd yeu cau ctia thi trudng lao dgng mgt cdch tot han Hon nu-a, c i n eung c i p cho cac ca s d ddo tao n g h i da tham gia cugc didu tra khao sdt mgt dudng hudng rd net han de hudng ddn cac sinh vien da tot nghiep ciia hg tim d u y c nhung cdng viec thieh hyp sau k i t thuc dao tao D i phdn tich mipc dp phii hyp giua nang lyc thyc t i da dat d u y c ciJa sinh vien tdt nghiep a cdc CO s d dgy nghe vdi nhu c i u thj trudng lao dpng c i n lam theo hai budc: Thip n h i t can phai SO sanh nhOng yeu c i u ndng lye doi vdi sinh vien tot nghiep eiia tat ca cac doanh nghiep d u y c d i i u tra khdo sat vdi eac mire nang lyc thyc t i ciia cdc sinh vien tot nghiep B u d c thip hai phipc tap han: Cac ndng lye cua sinh vien Khoa hgc day nghe I 67 t i t nghiep tgi cdc ca s d day n g h i d u y c h i tra thye hien thi d i i m phai d u y c so sdnh vdi cdc nang lyc cua sinh vien tdt nghiep ciia cae ca s d day n g h i d i i chirng Tuy nhien, trgng tam ciia bai viet tap trung vdo viec so sdnh giua yeu c i u nang lye vdi miPC nang lyc thyc te ciia sinh vien tot nghiep Ket qua di§u tra khao sat Khong phai tat cd cac nang lyc phdn tich diu d u y c minh hga bdi v i i t Viec chung minh nhung khia eanh quan trgng ciia vigc ddnh gia k i t qud d i i vdi cde loai k i i n thipc ly thuyit n g h i , ky nang t h y c hanh n g h i (ky nang mem) d u y c the hidn cde bdng so ii^u va s a sau: m^^^^^^^^p^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^HHm^^^^^^^HH^^^^^^^^^^^^^^fl Khoa hpc Cfng dyng (vi du: toan hoc, vat ly, hda hoc) Yeu cau nang lyc 192 3.55 0.849 Myc nang lyc thyc te 179 3.35 0.991 Ngoai ngO: Tieng Anh Ydu cau nang lyc 196 3.60 0.909 M y c nang lyc thyc te 188 2.73 1.032 Cong nghe ky thuat va san xuat Yeu c^u nang lyc 193 4.31 0.665 Myc nang lyc thyc t6 192 3.43 0.809 Ch6 tao va che bien Yeu cau nang lyc 193 3.75 0.907 Myc nang lyc thyc te 179 3.55 0.787 Yeu c^u nang lyc 199 3.61 0.856 Mu'c nang lyc thyc te 191 3.43 0.861 Yeu cau nang lyc 197 3.84 0.900 Myc nang lyc thyc t^ 191 3.07 0.996 Cac dieu le va tieu chuSn chat lu'O'ng Yeu c^u nang lyc 198 4.29 0.729 MLFC nang lyc t h y c t6 189 3.37 0.960 Van chuyen va sSp xep Iyu ktio Yeu c i u nang lyc 187 3.80 0.829 Myc nang lyc thyc te 178 3.69 0.871 Su'c khoe va an toan lao dgng Yeu cau nang lyc 202 4.58 0.578 M y c nang lyc thyc t^ 197 3.96 0.917 Bao ve m6i tru'ang va cong nghe xanh Yeu cau nang lyc 196 4.24 0.752 M y c nang lyc thyc t^ 184 3.58 0.878 Dgo dLPC nghe nghiep Yeu cau nang lyc 197 4.63 0.523 M y c nang lyc thyc t^ 190 4.02 0.845 IVIay tinh va vien thong Quan tri va dieu hanh/quan ly 10 11 Bang 2: So sanh ki4n thirc ly thuyit 68 I sSaScbi^t thang 10/2014 nghe N G H I E N CIJU TRAO 0(bl — t I ^ * ^ • * • • - * t * - • • • • • Gia tn trung binh " Cac yeu c i u nang lyc Gia trj trung binh IVlLPcnang lyc thyc t i Sv 1: So sanh kien thuv ly thuyet nghi Cdc ygu cau nang lyc d u y c ddnh gia dya tren miPC (mue 1: Hoan toan khfing quan trgng cho den muc 5: R i t quan trgng) MLPC nang lye thyc te cua slnh vien tot nghiep d u y c ddnh gia tren ciing miKc dp (muc 1: rat t h i p cho d i n mipc 5: Rat cao) Bang so ligu va b i i u cho k i i n thue ly thuyit da chl rang ySu cau nang lyc cdc muc nang lyc d u y c lya chpn khd cao (xep hang giua 3.55 va 4.63) Mifc nang lyc thyc te ciia sinh vien tot nghiep tat ed cdc myc dan le d i u thap han so vdi cdc yeu c i u ndng lye doi vdi sinh vien t i t nghidp eua doanh nghigp, nhien s y chenh lech khong qua khac biet nhiiu muc Cdc doanh nghiep da danh gid nhtpng s y khac bi$t Idn n h i t vd qua dd can phai cai thien nhieu n h i t d cdc muc sau day: Ngoai ngu: t i i n g Anh Cong nghe ky thudt va san x u i t khdng phai la Idn Ode doanh nghiep da t i i n hdnh danh gia s y khdc biet Idn n h i t va qua nhu cau cdi thien cao n h i t Id cac myc sau ddy: Lam viee nhdm D u a q u y i t dinh va gidi quyet v i n d i To ehirc, len k i hogch va xdp xep t h u t y u u tien cdng viec Thuc day va ap dung cdc bien phdp bdo ve mdi trudng vd tiet kiem ndng luyng K4t luan Thir nhat, tdt cd nhung so sanh v i cdc yeu c i u nang lyc vdi miPC nang lye thyc t i da dgt d u p e cita sinh vien tot nghiep tai cdc ca s d dgy nghe d u y c khao sat - k i i n thipc \)f thuyit, ky ndng thyc hanh va thai ldm viec - la kha dong n h i t : Ddi vdi hau het tat ca cdc ndng lyc d u y c ddnh gia khao sat ndy, yeu cau cua doanh nghiep v i nang lyc d u p e ddnh gid d mire cao vd r i t cao Quan trj vd qudn ly Cac dieu le vd tieu chuan c h i t luyng Cung giong n h u xep hgng eiia kien thirc ly thuyet, muFC nang lyc thyc t i ciia sinh vien tot nghigp ve ky nang m i m d u y c ddnh gid t h i p han yeu cau cua doanh nghiep d t i t ca cdc ndi dung.Tuy nhien, tuang ty, d day s y khac biet NGHI6N CLFU TRAO l ThLF hai la mire ndng lyc thyc te ciia smh vien tdt nghiep cac ea s d ddo tao tham gia cudc d i i u tra khao sat d u p e ddnh gid bdi eac doanh nghiep ludn t h i p han so vdi yeu eau nang lyc ddt Tuy nhien s y khac biet giira eac yeu eau ndng lyc va miPC nang lyc d i u khdng Idn Khoa hgc day nghe I 69 X-i ^^^I^^I^^H^^^I^^^^^^^^HIHIi^^^^^^^l^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^l Thu nhap, x y li, quan li thong tin Cac yeu cau nang i y c 200 3.99 0.743 Miic nang lyc thyc te 191 3.38 0.904 Lam viec nhdm Cac yeu c i u nang lyc 200 4.26 0.626 Myc nang lyc thyc t l 192 3.67 0.889 C^c yeu cau nang iyc 194 3.47 0.822 Myc nang lyc thyc t l 178 3.43 019 Cac ygu cau nang lyc 193 3.98 0.788 Myc nang lyc thyc t l 186 3.30 0.867 Cac yeu cau nang lyc 194 4.13 0.700 Myc nang lyc thyc t l 189 3.41 961 Cac ySu c i u nang lyc Sy dung cong nghe may tinh, thllt bj d i l u khien va p h i n Myc nang lyc thyc te m I m dilu khiin 196 3.89 0.793 188 3.27 0.940 H6 trff t n l n khai dao tao Cac y&u cau nang lyc 196 3.82 0.813 cho lam Myc nang lyc thyc te 185 3.47 0.891 Ap dung cac d i l u le, quy djnh ve an toan va syc khoe n g h i nghiep Cac yeu cau nang lyc 197 4.43 0.640 Myc nang lyc thyc t l 190 3.76 892 Thuc day va ap dung cac bien phap bao ve moi tryong va tilt kiem nang lygng Cac yeu cau nang lyc 196 4.25 0.690 MU'C nang lyc thyc t l 190 3.60 1.003 10 Cung cap dich vu cham Cac yeu c l u nang lyc 194 4.04 0.957 soc khach hang Myc nang lyc thyc t l 179 3.50 1.046 Sy dung cac khai niem va ky thuat toan hoc D y a cac quyet d|nh va giai quyet cac v§n d l 5.T6 chyc, len k§ hoach va sap xep thy t y y u tien cong viec Bang 3: So sanh cac ky nang thyc hanh nghi: ky nang mem • • • • • • - • • • Gta trj trung binh _ Yeu cau nang lyc Gia trj trung binh Mifc nang lyc 10 Sv 2: So sinh ky nang thyc hanh nghe: Ky nang mem )k 70 So tac biet thang 10/2014 NGHIEN CtrU TRAO B I Thdng qua vigc so sdnh, c i n eung c i p cde djnh hudng cy t h i cho vige cdi thien c h i t l u y n g tgi cdc c a s d dgy n g h i tham gia d i i u tra khdo sdt: Cac mue ed s y khac biet Idn n h i t d u p e de cap p h i n c i n d u y c tap trung thong qua nhu'ng nd lyc cdi thign chat lupng Ngoai ra, cudc d i i u tra khao sat cdn cho thay sy quan trpng viec tang cudng s y tuang tdc va hyp tac giCPa cdc c o s d dao tgo nghe vd cac doanh nghidp de nhdm tgo s y lidn k i t tot han giira he thong dao tao n g h i d Vigt Nam vdi thj trudng lao dgng Khuyin nghj Cdc ca s d dao tgo nghe tham gia vao cupe khdo sat nen sii' dung k i t qua khdo sdt qud trinh nang cao c h i t l u y n g ddo tgo dan vj eua minh: Cdc muc nang lyc ed s y khac bigt idn n h i t giua yeu eau ve nang lyc vd trinh dp ndng lyc thyc te cita sinh vien tot nghiep can duyctgp trung d i no lyc cdi thien chat lupng Vigc dieu tra khdo sdt doanh nghigp nen d u y c sir dyng n h u mgt cdng cy linh hoat nham theo ddi k i t qua cua cdng tac ddo tao nghi.Vi dy nd CO the d u y c su' dung K i i m djnh chat luyng thudng xuyen Ddc biet la vdi eacTrudng chit lupng cao (Centre of Excellence - CoE) duyc thdnh Igp nhu'ng nam t i i p theo, cd the sir dung cdng cu d i danh gid theo dmh hudng dya tren cac tieu c h u i n quoc te Han nCra nhung danh gid ndng lue nen dupe sir dung qud trinh phdt trien va dieu chinh cdc Tlgu chuan ky ndng nghe quoc gia tai Vi^t Nam nhdm phat trien va cap nhgt cdc ti§u chuin dya tren nhijng minh chieng d u p e cung c i p bdi cac doanh nghigp dang cd nhu c i u v i nguon nhdn lyc cua chinh nhCrng nghe d i y n Tai li$u tham formation Econometiia, 78/3, p 883 - 931 Erpenbeck/v Rosenstiel (2003): Einfuhrung Erpenbeck/v Rosenstiel (Eds): Handbuch Kompetenzmessung- Erkennen, verstehen und bewerten von Kompetenzen in der betrieblichen, padagogischen und psycholo-'gischen Praxis Stuttgart, p IX-XL GIZ, Programme Reform of TVET in Vietnam (Ed.) (2014) M&E in TVET Report on the Results of the Enterprise Survey Wave 2013 Hanoi Hutter (2004): Kompetenzfeststellung - Em Weg zur ertolgreichen Vermittlung in Ausbildung und Arbeit Darmstadt Worldbank (2013): Skilling Vietnam: Preparing the workforce for a modern market economy Bao cao phat tnen Vi$t Nam 2014 Bg LDTBXH (2008): QD So: 09/2008/QD-BLDTBXH v/v Ban hanh quy djnh, quy trinh xiy dimg vi ban hanh tieu chuin ky ning nghi quic gia Thu tirdng Chinh phu(2013): QD S6: 371/QDTTgngiy 28 thang 2013 v/v Phi duyit di an "Chuyin giao cac bg chuxfng trinh, dao t^o boi dirdng giao vien va can bd quan ly day nghi; Dao tao thi diim cic nghe trgng diem cip dd khu vi/c Asean, Quoc te"giai do$n 2012-2015 BQ LDTBXH (2012) Quyit djnh So 1474/QDLDTBXH v// Phe duyet nghe trgng diem va truKmg ngoii cdng lip, truvng thugc doanh nghiep nhi nu^c dwac lua chgn nghi trgng diem giai do^n 2012-2015 vi djnh hu^g den nim 2020 Bg LDTBXH (2014)- Tii lieu chid$o nghiep vg "Dieu tra Lao ddng tiin luong vi nhu du s(> di^ng lao dgng cic loai hinh doanh nghigp nim 2014, Ha Ngi khao Almiund/Duckworth/Heckman/Kautz(2011): Personality psychology and economics Hanushek/ Machin/Woessmann (Eds.): Hand-'book of the economics of education Amsterdam, p 1-181 Cunha/Heckmann/Schenach (2010): Estimating the technology of cognitive and non-cognitive skill NGHI6N C t f U TRAO l Khoa hge dgy nghe I 71 ^4 ... of Excellence - CoE) duyc thdnh Igp nhu'' ng nam t i i p theo, cd the sir dung cdng cu d i danh gid theo dmh hudng dya tren cac tieu c h u i n quoc te Han nCra nhung danh gid ndng lue nen dupe sir... djnh hu^g den nim 2020 Bg LDTBXH (2014)- Tii lieu chid$o nghiep vg "Dieu tra Lao ddng tiin luong vi nhu du s(> di^ng lao dgng cic loai hinh doanh nghigp nim 2014, Ha Ngi khao Almiund/Duckworth/Heckman/Kautz(2011):... vd tiet kiem ndng luyng K4t luan Thir nhat, tdt cd nhung so sanh v i cdc yeu c i u nang lyc vdi miPC nang lye thyc t i da dgt d u p e cita sinh vien tot nghiep tai cdc ca s d dgy nghe d u y c