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NGHllN Cdu VAN HOA NGHE Nidi Ndi DUNG QUAN TRONG TRONG LIEN KET DAO TAO GiffA CO Sd GIAO DUG NGHE NGHIEP VA DOANH NGHIEP ThS NGUYiN PHAN HOA Trudng Trung d p nghd Nhdn d^o TP Htf Chi IWInh 1 Dit van d[.]
NGHllN Cdu VAN HOA NGHE - Nidi Ndi DUNG QUAN TRONG TRONG LIEN KET DAO TAO GiffA CO Sd GIAO DUG NGHE NGHIEP VA DOANH NGHIEP ThS.NGUYiN PHAN HOA Trudng Trung d p nghd Nhdn d^o TP Htf Chi IWInh Dit van de Trong nhdng n i m qua, nude ta dang t i l n hanh cdng nghilp hda (CNH), hiln dai hda (HOH) v l hdi nhlp kinh t l qudc t l Do xuat phit dilm td nIn kinh t l ndng nghilp lac hiu, sin xult nhd nIn ldc Idpng lao ddng cdn nhilu han ehl v l kiln thdc, kT ning, v l nhat la t h i i dp lao ddng, dao ddc nghl nghilp, ning thich dng vdi nhdng biin ddng cua mdi trddng lao ddng Hp cdn chju nhilu Inh hddng cua n i p sdng, thdi quen, tic phong ndng nghilp Nhdng han ehl ndi t r i n xuat phit td nhilu nguyin nhin, dd ed ndi dung giio dye v l ren luyen v i n hda n g h l (VHN) chda dupe quan t i m diing mdc Vly, vin hda nghl la gl va cd nhdng ndi dung nhd t h i nio? Theo TS Nguyen Vin Nglng,''Vln hda nghl bao gdm nhdng khii nilm vin hda ddpc tilp nhan nhl trudng, qua thdi gian dio tao, giio dye, hpc tap, ren luyen cdng vdi q u i trinh cdng tie v l mdi trddng xa hdi cCia ngddi lao ddng sau trddng" [1].Td dly, cd the hlnh dung ndi dung VHN gdm hai phan: Nhdng ndi dung VHN chii ylu v l kiln thdc, kT ning, thii dp dng xd d n bin cua mdt ngddi lao ddng tap the, nhdng ndi dung dupe dio tao tai trudng; - Nhdng ndi dung VHN cy t h i khic tdng ITnh VUC nghl nghiep khac nhau; vf dy: ITnh vUc sin xuat, chuan muc gii trj chii ylu cCia VHN II tfnh ki lult, ning suit chat lupng; ITnh vUc ke tdan, VHN chO yeu la tinh nguyin tic, tinh trung thuc, lilm chinh, minh bach; ITnh vUe y hpc, VHN chO ylu II thii dp phye vy blnh nhin va y ddc"lddng y nhdtd mau"; nhOfhg ndi dung s i ddpc giio due ren luyen tai trudng v l cy the tai noi llm vile Do dd, cd the hieu ring VHN cua mdt nghl cy t h i bao gdm nhdng chuan mdc d n b i n thudc v l vin hda dng xdciia mdt ngddi lao ddng mdt t i p t h i va nhdng chuan muc dng xd cd van hda tdng nglnh nghl nhit djnh VHN dupe hlnh thinh mdt qui trinh llu dli, td ngddi sinh v l tdng budc trudng thinh cdng ddng x l hpi Cd nhilu ylu td cdng ddng x l hdi tic ddng d i n vile hlnh thinh nip sdng vin hda ndi chung, cd VHN Cle ylu td dd d i u tdn tai ba mdi trudng: gia dinh, nhl trudng va mdi trddng lam vile (doanh nghiep, d c tap t h i lao ddng) Mdi trddng gia dmh ddng vai trd quan trpng, tao nhdng mim mdng dau t i l n cho sd hlnh Idi sdng, tap quan, thdi quen, t i m li va nhin each Mdi trudng llm vile la ylu td quan trpng gid vai trd quylt djnh vile thuc thi VHN cCia ngudi lao ddng Trong pham vi bli nly, chiing tdi chi d l cap d i n cle CO sd giio dye nghl nghilp (CSGDNN) v l nhdng ndi dung d n phdi hpp gida CSGDNN vdi doanh nghilp (mdi trudng llm vile) q u i trinh giio dye, ren luyin kiln thdc, kT ning tay nghl, thii dp lao ddng de hlnh VHN Oly la mdt giai doan vd cung quan trpng va d n thilt, giiip ngudi lao ddng hlnh thinh nhdng tfnh each trUde chfnh thdc bdde vao mdi trudng lam vile that sd Thdc t l d l chdng minh ring, xiy dung VHN cho dpi ngu lao ddng II mdt q u i trinh llu dli v l khdng don giln Mudn xiy dung cdng VHN thdi dai mdi thi trdde t i l n d n phi bd nhdng rio d n quin tfnh cCia thdi quen, nip sdng cu theo phong deh sin xult nhd, ddng thdi phli ren luyen de thfeh nghi dan vdi nIn vin hda cdng nghilp hiln dai Qui trinh nly phli ddpc sd hudng dng cCia cdng ddng v l sU tham gia ddng bd cCia tat el d c thinh phin kinh t l - x l hdi, die bilt la cle hilp hdi nghl nghilp v l d e doanh nghilp He thdng giao dye, dao tao phli vda hudng vio myc t i l u phat triln kinh t l - x l hdi, vda gdp phin xiy KH0AH9CGlA0Dl|C«27 CQl NGHI£N CiAl dyng ngudi lao d^ng mdi, dd d c CSGDNN ddng mdt vai trd trung gian quan trpng, chuyin td nh|n thdc sang thye thi VHN thye t l - -;^ -^ chip hinh ndi quy cdng xddng, ndi quy co quan cdn h?n ehl Tfnh chuyin nghilp cdn ylu, khdng toin tim, toin y vdi cdng vile, thilu tinh d u thj, khdng gin bd vdi nghl, vdi doanh nghilp II Thuc trang van hoa nghl cOa lUc Idpng lao Thdi dp Ctng xCf, vdn hda giao tiip cua ngudi ddng hien sdn xu6tnhd Oit nddc ta d l vl dang hdi nh|p vio nIn kinh Quan h i giao tilp cdn mang nang phong deh, t l thi gidi, ddng thdi cung bdde vio thdi kl canh thdi quen, tip quin cOa ngddi sin xult nhd, quan hi tranh quylt li^t Ol cd t h i tdn t?i v l phit triln, d^i d p trin d p dddi nhd anh em, cha pham ngu lao ddng cOa chiing ta phli cd kiln thdc, kT ning vi gia dmh Cd nhilu hinh vi bilu hiln thilu vin tay nghl cao, ed phim chit v l VHN ehuin myc Vilt hda quan h | giao tilp, dng xd, phdi hpp Nam hiln cd gin 90 trilu din, ldc Idpng lao cdng vi$e vdi ddng nghilp, ci bilt cdn miu thuin, ddng tri, d n cu, thdng minh; diy II du t h i ndi b|t mit doln kit gida nhdng ngddi lao ddng mdt Tuy nhiln, bin canh nhdng du t h i niy, ngddi lao doanh nghi|p vdi ddng cdn mdt sd han ehl chu ylu II: Tit ci nhdng thdi quen niy hi^n vin tdn tai T thCtc trdch nhi^m vdi nghi chua cao phd biin, d i lim cho mdt sd ddng ldc Idpng lao Vda thoit khdi ehl dd phong kiln vdi nIn kinh d^ng cd nh|n thdc v i hinh vl thilu VHN, khdng phu t l ndng nghilp nghlo nin, lac hiu, nddc ta lai trii hpp vdi nIn sin xuit hi|n dai thdi ky CNH, qua hai cudc chiln tranh v i nIn kinh t l k l hpach HOH v i hdi nhip qudc t l tip trung vdi cd ehl bao d p thdi gian dli VI thi, ngddi lao ddng mang ning td tddng v i thdi III Van hoi nghl • Mot noi dung quan quen llm vile theo chu nghTa blnh quin, m$t bd lien ket dao tao giCbi cd s6 giao due nghl phin hp thilu trich nhilm ddi vdi sin phim nghiep va doanh nghilp Vdi thi/c trang nhd d i nlu, v i ^ giio due v l ren mlnh llm ra, khdng quan tim din sd phit triln cOa doanh nghilp, khdng tan tyy vdi doanh nghilp luyin VHN cho ngddi lao dong thdi gian dio Bdde vao nIn kinh t l thj trddng vdi sd canh tranh tao tai CSGDNN v i tai doanh nghilp la mdt gay git, nhu d u v l chit Idpng cua ngddi lao ddng nhCrng ndi dung hit sde quan trpng va cin thilt hiln d l thay ddi Ngddi lao ddng ein phli ddpc dio tao Mudn giio due v i ren luyin VHN dat hilu qui, khdng ehi v l kiln thdc, kT ning chuyin mdn ml de CSGDNN v i doanh nghilp d n phli liln kit chat cdn ein phli ddpc giio dye di ed td mdi, ning ehl, ddng bd qui trinh thdc hiln ddng, sing tao, ed y thdc trich nhilm vdi nghl Quy trinh lao ddng nghl nghilp xi hpi nghilp v l sin pham mlnh gdp phin llm ra, cdng nghilp hiln d l thay doi cin bin v l phddng ed y thdc trich nhilm vdi sd phit triln cOa doanh thdc so vdi phdong thdc lao ddng nghl nghilp nghilp, noi hp llm vile Od l i nhdng tfnh deh xi hdi ndng nghiep trdde diy Hi^n nghl nghilp t h i hiln ngddi lao ddng ed VHN mi bit kl doanh da d^ng hem, tinh die thu rilng tdng nghl phong phO hdn nIn ehuin mi/c ddi vdi ylu ciu lao nghilp nao cung coi trpng Thiiu kindng hop tdc Idm viic theo nhdnt ddng vda ddpc cy t h i hda, tilu chuan hda cho tdng Xuit thin td mdt nddc cd nIn kinh t l chu ylu nghl, l^i vda ddpc thdng nhit hda chung toin dda vio ndng nghilp vdi trinh dp lac hiu, ngddi lao nglnh Ngoai ra, tdng doanh nghilp, tdng tap ddng d l trIi qua nhilu t h i h i lim vile quen theo thi lao ddng cdn ed nhdng chuan mdc rilng cho sd phuong thdc el thi, td do, tiln, cim tinh nIn tddng tie vdi qui trinh cung tham gia lao thilu tinh kl lult, tinh thin doan kit v i kT ning lam ddng sin xuit, va tao nIn nhOfng net die thu rilng ddpc gpi la vin hda doanh nghilp Ndi chung, ngoli vile theo nhdm f thCfc tS chufc kl lupt chua cao, tdc phong nhCmg chuan mdc chung v l quan h i kinh t l va quan Idm viic chUa khoa hpc he xi hdi gida nhdrig ngddi cung tham gia qui trinh Odi ngu lao ddng hiln nay, nhit l i Idp cdng lao ddng cdn cd nhdng chuan mdc rilng v l kT thuat nhin tri, ^ thdc v l ki luit lao ddng klm, chip hlnh lao ddng cOa tdng nganh nghl, v l chi dp va phong quy trinh sin xuit, quy tic an toin lao ddng khdng cich lim vile cCia tdng doanh nghilp cu the nghilm Tie phong cdng nghilp cCia hp chda tdt, TheoTS.VuTuin Anh, cdthl phan jpai nhdng thi hiln qua y thdc chip hanh gid giic lam vile, chuin mdc nhd sau: 28 •$(( 70-THANG 7/2011 NGHISNCOUCQI Quy djnh v l quan h i lao ddng Nhl nddc quy djnh thdng nhat chung d e bd lult v l cle vin bin phip quy; Quy ehl ki lult, cich thdc llm vile, an tdan lao ddng cOa tdng nglnh nghl; Quy djnh v l ehl dp v l phong d e h llm vile ciia tdng doanh nghilp; Quy ddc v l d e h thdc dng xd giao tilp cua cdng ddng; Gil tri dao ddc v l chuan muc hlnh vi chung cua x l hdi Tit el nhdng quy djnh, chuin mdc v l g i i tri nly tao nIn nIn ting cua VHN theo kilu cdng nghilp [2] Cd t h i xlc djnh nhdng pham vi v l trich nhilm chinh vile giio dye v l rIn luyin VHN tdng mdi trddng cy t h i nhd sau: a) Tai cdc cdsdgido due nghi nghiep Odng thdi vdi vile gilng day v l kiln thdc nghl nghilp, ren luyin kTning nghl, cic CSGDNN d n phli giio due cho cle em nhdng kiln thdc cin bin v l nip sdng ed vin hda x l hdi cdng nghilp hiln dai - Trdde t i l n d n phli day cho elc em nim vdng nhdng bd luit v l cic vin bin phip quy v l quan he lao ddng Nha nddc ban hlnh, nhd ehl dp llm vile, nghi ngdi, t i l n cdng va mdc Iddng tdi thilu, ehl dp bio hiem, phiic Ipi x l hdi, an tdan lao ddng, bio hd lao ddng, d e quy djnh v l dinh cdng, bli cdng, khilu kiln - Song song, cle ed sd cin tap trung giio dye d c kT ning giao tilp, dng xd mdi trddng llm vile, kT ning llm vile nhdm, tinh thin doln kit, phdi hpp hd trp di cung holn thinh myc tilu chung ciia td chdc, cua doanh nghilp - Oac bilt, d n quan t i m giio dye v l rIn luyen cho hpc sinh nhdng g i i tri dao ddc va chuan mdc hlnh vi chung eiia x l hdi, tinh nang ddng, sing tao, ciu thj, ham hpc hdi di ludn ed t h i b i t kjp sd phit triln nhanh eiia khoa hpc v l cdng nghl thdi dai b) Tai doanh nghiep, ncfi Idm viec Ngoai vile hddng dan thdc t i p tay nghl cho hpc sinh, doanh nghilp d n thudng xuyIn thdc hiln vile giio dye, ren luyen nhdng tinh cich d n thilt cCia ngudi lao ddng de hlnh thinh VHN nhd: - Ren luyen vile chip hlnh ndi quy ki lult cCia doanh nghilp, gid giac l l m vile, elc quy djnh v l an tdan lao ddng tdng khiu cdng vile cu t h i ; - Quan trpng nhat II giio dye cho hpc sinh v l quy djnh, phong d e h lam vile, d e h dng xd giao tilp tai doanh nghilp, d c g i i tri hlnh thinh vin hda doanh nghilp; - Trong q u i trinh thdc tap cua hpc sinh, d c doanh nghilp d n phdi hpp vdi d c CSGDNN de cung rIn luyin tie phong cdng nghilp v l nhdng tfnh deh cOa ngddi cdng nhin hiln dai - Oac bilt, d n quan tam phdi hpp giio due y thdc trich nhilm cdng vile ddpc giao, cd Idong t i m dao ddc nghl nghilp, trung thdc v l ed trich nhilm vdi nhdng sin pham llm ra, cd tic phong lam vile chuyin nghilp, cd y thdc t i l t kilm Ndi dung giio dye v l rIn luyin thdi gian hpc tai CSGDNN I I nIn t i n g rat quan trpng di xiy ddng nhdng tfnh d e h hlnh thinh VHN cho ngddi hpc sau rdi g h i n h l trddng.Trlch nhilm cOa cle doanh nghilp liln tuc v l xuyIn sudt qui trinh lao ddng sin xuat II phli dio tao lai cho ngudi lao ddng khdng nhdng d e kiln thdc, kT ning tay nghl chuyin mdn m l cdn c l nhdng kiln thdc, kT ning khic nhIm hlnh thinh VHN, nlu ngddi lao ddng chda ddpc rIn luyin dly du tai CSGDNN IV Ket luan Xult phit td quan dilm cho ring day nghl chfnh II qui trinh truyin dat v l ren luyen giiip cho hpc sinh ed kiln thdc, cd kT ning v l Idong t i m nghl nghilp, ylu nghl, bilt dng xd giao tilp mdi trddng lao ddng tap the va nhat la hlnh thinh cho hpc sinh nhin deh ngddi lao ddng mdi, nIn CSGDNN v l doanh nghilp chju trich nhilm trde tilp thdc hiln q u i trinh nly O l thdc hiln nhilm vy nly, co quan cd trich nhilm d n xiy ddng ndi dung chdong trinh chuan v l giio dye VHN Nhdng ndi dung nly dupe dua vio ehuong trinh chfnh thdc tat c l elc d p dp dio tao Odng thdi phli lam cho d e d p , d c nganh nhin thdc ddpc t i m quan trpng eiia VHN, II ylu td then chdt vile phit triln ngudn nhin ldc ciia qudc gia - Sd tham gia hddng dng cOa cdng ddng x l hdi, die bilt la d c doanh nghilp v l hilp hdi nghl nghilp, cd vai trd quan trpng vile dda VHN vio cudc sdng Cle doanh nghilp II noi ddpc hddng Ipi trde t i l p ngddi lao ddng vda cd tay nghl gidi, vda cd VHN chuan mdc Do dd, hp d n chCi ddng lien kit chat ehl vdi cle CSGDNN vile hlnh thinh VHN cho ngddi lao ddng (Xem tiip trang 30) KHOA Hpc GlAO Dye • NGHICNCOU GIAI P H A P HOAN THIEN (rap,h«,uongu> ThCfndm, cdng khai hda h$ thdng kT ning, kiln thdc SP cin bdi dddng cho SV Sy cdng khai hda nly khdng ehi djnh hudng cho SVSP v l d c GV tham gia gilng d?y d c hpc phin ho|c td chdc cle ho^t d^ng NVSP m l cdn djnh hddng cho t i t c l d c GV tham gia gilng day cho SVSP (du giing day mdn gl, thu^c ITnh vdc khoa hpc nio) v l elc cin bd khic cd liln quan d i n SV di hp gdp phin rIn luyin NVSP chfnh cdng vile vdi SVSP cCia hp.Tdm lai, holn thi^n myc tilu rIn luyin NVSP ddpc thUe hi$n theo quy trinh Phan tfch, xem x6t myc ti#u dio t^o SP da c6, tilp c$n thfem cac chuin dao t^o, chuin nghl nghiep GV Qua h^ th6ng cac k7 nang SP chung Chi tilt h6a mdi ki ndng SP chung cac ki nang SP bQ ph j n Ting cddng cle dilu kif n td chdc hoat ddng rIn luyin NVSP cho sinh viln TAILI$UTHAMKHAO BO Gilo dye & Olo tao, Chudn nghi nghiip gido viin trung hgc ca sd, gido viin trung hpc phd thdng (Ban hinh k l m theo Thdng t d sd 30 /2009 HTBGDOT ngly 22 thing 10 n i m 2009 eCia Bd trddng Bd GD&OT) Khoa SP, Trddng OHCT, Chudn ddo tgo SP cOa Khoa SP, Trddng O H a , 2009 Bui Thj Mui v i nhdm nhiln cdu Bio kit qui nghiln cdu cOa di t l i nghiln cdu d p Bd "Nghiin eCfu hogt d^ng rin luyin nghiip vu sUphgm cho sinh viin Khoa SUphgm TrUdng Dgi hpc Cdn Thd", m i sdB 2009-16-138 xae djnh h? th6ng kign thCifc, phim chit SP tUdng ufng C6ng khai h6a h6 thdng ki nang, kiln thijfc, phim chit SP Quy trinh hodn thi^n mijc tiiu rin luy^n NVSP Trin CO sd d l xuat gili phip holn thi^n myc tieu ren luyen NVSP, nghiln edu cua di t l i t i l p tyc di xuat va thd nghilm d e gili phip: Oilu chinh ndi dung ehddng trinh d c hpc phan li thuylt NVSR - Holn chinh quy trinh to chdc ren luyen NVSP, ting cddng d e hlnh thdc td chdc hoat ddng ren luyin NVSP cho sinh viln SUMMARY The author presents the process of completion of teaching skills at Can Tho University which includes: analysis of teaching training objectives in respect to training standards, teacher standards, formulation of set of general teaching skills, detailing these into subskills, identification of related knowledge, teaching quality, making public this system of knowledge, teaching qualities VAN HdA NGHE (Tiip theo trang 29) Lieu THAM KHAO [4] LI Vin Hiln, ThUe trgng ddo tgo vd thUe thi vdn hda nghi mdi quan hi giCfa nhd trudng vd [1] Nguyin vin Nging, Vai trd cOa cdng ddan doanh nghiip, Hdi t h i o Ting cddng v i n hda nghl viic gido due vdn hda nghi cho cdng nhdn viinthiic d i y vi|c l l m b i n vdng,TR Hd Chi Minh, thing chdc - lao d^ng sU nghiip CNH, HDH ddt nUde,12/2010 Hdi thio Vin hda nghl, TP Hd Chi Minh, thing 8/2008 SUMMARY [2] Vu Tuin Anh, Dua vdn hda nghi vdo hogt ddng dgy nghi, Hdi thio Vin hda nghl, TR Hd Chf The author presents the status of vocational Minh, thing 8/2008 culture, advantages and disadvantages; through this [3] Trin Hau, Anh hudng cua cdng ddng din vdn to emphasize hat the training and drilling of vocational hda nghi nghiip, Hdi thio Ting cddng vin hda nghl culture for workers at vocational training institutions is thiic day vile llm b i n vdng, TR Hd Chi Minh, thing very important 12/2010 TAI 30 •$(! 70-THANG 7/2011 ... e h lam vile, d e h dng xd giao tilp tai doanh nghilp, d c g i i tri hlnh thinh vin hda doanh nghilp; - Trong q u i trinh thdc tap cua hpc sinh, d c doanh nghilp d n phdi hpp vdi d c CSGDNN de... v l doanh nghilp chju trich nhilm trde tilp thdc hiln q u i trinh nly O l thdc hiln nhilm vy nly, co quan cd trich nhilm d n xiy ddng ndi dung chdong trinh chuan v l giio dye VHN Nhdng ndi dung. .. trddng vdi sd canh tranh tao tai CSGDNN v i tai doanh nghilp la mdt gay git, nhu d u v l chit Idpng cua ngddi lao ddng nhCrng ndi dung hit sde quan trpng va cin thilt hiln d l thay ddi Ngddi