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KAY nUNG MQI TRUING HOC TAP THAN THIEN O T R i N G TIEU HOC VUNG KHO KHAN CUA TJNH BAC KAN O PGS TS N G U Y I N TH! TINH* PHAM DUY HUNG* 1 Mdi trudng hge tdp thdn thl§n (MTHITT) hut ngudl hge thorn gi[.]
KAY nUNG MQI TRUING HOC TAP THAN THIEN OTRiNG TIEU HOC VUNG KHO KHAN CUA TJNH BAC KAN O PGS TS N G U Y I N TH! TINH* PHAM DUY HUNG* Mdi trudng hge tdp thdn thl§n (MTHITT) Id mdi trudng md d dd cdnh auan, eo sd vdt ehd't gdn gui vdi ngudi hge, tgo cno hg ed cdm gidc an todn, thodi mdi vd duoc trg ^iup v l mdt phuong tien, hd trg ve mdt tinh thdn, khien hg thu ^ i vdl hoc tdp; cdm thdy dugc tdn trgng vd phdt huy tiem ndng mdt cdch tdt nhdt vd thu hut ngudl hge tham gia mdt cdch tfch ci/c, ddng thdi cd su tham gio chio s6 cuo cdng ddng, cha me HS hogt ddng qudn If vd gido dye HS Cd the ndi, MTHTTT cd vai trd rd't quon h-gng h-ong viee ndng coo chdt lugng gido dye cuo nhd frudng ndi chung vd chdt lugng hge tdp cuo HS ndl rieng vi nd dd gdp phdn tgo ndn myc dfeh, ddng co, thu hge tdp d HS vd Id phuong hen de cdc em tu hodn thien nhdn cdch Vi vdy, d l ndng cao chdt lugng gido dye cdc nhd h-udng, theo chung tdi, edn xdy dung MTHTTT vdi cdc ndi dung co bdn sou: 1) Xdy dyng mdi trudng an todn, sgch se, thodng mdt, ed cdy xanh, tudng rdo bao quonh, cd cdng frudng, bien h-udng; Idp hge du dnh sdng, bdn ghe hgp l u o hjd'i HS tieu hge nhdm thu hut HS den trudng; ed du nhd ve sinh dugc ddt d vj h-f phu hgp vdi cdnh quon trudng hge HS tfch cue tham gio bdo ve ednh quon mdi h-udng, giu ve sinh cdc cdng trinh cdng cdng, nhd trudng, Idp hge vd cd nhdn Nhd trudng phdi ddm bdo ngudn nude hgp ve sinh, cd du nude udng eho ngudi hge; cd sdn choi, thu vien, nhd d l xe, cd cdc phdng chuc ndng, phuong hen kl thudt dgy hge hien dgi phyc vy cho hogt ddng dgy vd hge dugc thudn lgi vd hieu qud hut ngudl hge thorn gia duo tren tinh thdn ty nguyen, \u gidc vi bdn ehd't tdm If eon ngudi Id hogt ddng Chi cd thdng quo hogt ddng vd bdna hogt ddng thi nhdn cdch ngudi hoc mdi hinh thdnh vd phdt triln 4) Thye hien sy binh ddng giua cdc HS Idp, trudng, khdng phdn biet ddi xu Nha trudng thuc nien tdt nguyen tdc tgp trung dan ehu h-udng hge, tdn hrong nhu cdu cuo ngudi hge, khal thdc tiem ndng cuo ngudi hge mdt cdch tdi Nhd h-udng xdy dung ndi quy hogt dgng, hudng dan GV, HS tudn thu Dieu li nhd trudng vd Lugt Gido dye; giao dye GV, cdn bd nhan vien, HS cd tfnh ki luat tfch cue h-udng hoc ve viec chdp hdnh ndi quy, dieu le nhd frudng nhdm xdy dung nen nep dgy vd hge Ddy Id net eo bdn eua vdn hod trudng hoc cd dnh hudng true tiep tdi chdt luong gido dye cuo nhd hvdng Cdc phuong phdp, bien phdp gido dye cua GV edn quon tdm den Knh ddc thu cua gidi Knh, khai thdc dugc tiem ndng cuo moi ed nhdn ngudi hoc, phdt huy duge tfnh tfch cue, chu ddng, sdng tqo cuo HS hrong hge ldp, ren luy§n vd tham gia noqt ddng xd hdi GV cdn khdng ngung ddi mdi nhqn thuc, ddi mai phuong phdp dgy hoc, gido dye de Idnh dgo vd qudn li sg may ddi cua HS 5) Phdt huy tiem ndng eua edng ddnq ^am gia qudn li vd td chuc hogt dgng gido aye cua nhd trudng: khoi thdc v l kinh nghiem gido dye, tri thuc vdn hod Ijch su d dja phuong vd him ndng kinh t l ho h'o cho hogt dgng gido dye eua nhd trudng; khoi thde ve yeu td dgng vien hnh thdn ddi vdi cho me HS vd HS nhdm ft^u hut HS 2) Cung cap thdng tin tdt nhdt cho ngudi hoc Mdi trudng hogt dgng gido dye eua nhd trudng phdi cd tde dyng rdn luySn kl ndng sdng eho HS Cdn bd qudn If (CBQL) nhd trudng, GV cdc g i d len ldp vd td chdc hogt ddng gido dye cho ngudi hge cdn phdi quan tdm hinh thdnh cdc kl ndng sdng cho HS h l u hge d i n h-udng Huy dgng phy huynh, GV, cdng ddng viec xdy d y n g tdm nhin, xdc djnh «su menh* cuo nhd h v d n g vd xdy d y n g trudng hoc thdn thien, HS tieh cue; thue hien «eam ket^ giua nhd hrudng, gio dinh vd cdng ddng h-ong giao dye HS vd phdt trien nhd trudng Bgn cgnh do, 3) Tdchue ede hogt ddng gido dye, hogt ddng dp the vui tuoi, ldnh mgnh, tgo «sdn choi" d l thu * Tnriing Bai bQC stf pliam - Dai lioe Thai Nguyen ** Ban ti clitfc tinli iiy Bac Kan Tap ciii Giao due so (ki 6/201 D nhd trudng cdn td chuc cho HS tham gia hogt dgng chdm sdc di tich Ijch su d dja phuong, tuyen truyen, g i ^ thieu cdc cdng trinh, di tfch cua dia phuang vdi bgn be; cd ke hogch vd td chuc gido dye truyen thdng vdn hda ddn tgc vd tinh than cdch mgng mot cdch hieu qud cho mgi HS; phdi hgp vdi chfnh quyen, dodn the vd nhdn ddn dja phuong phdt huy gid trj eua cdc di tfch Ijch su, vdn hda vd cdch mgng cho cudc sdng cua cong ddng d dja phuong vd khdeh du Ijch Cdc trudng tieu hge d vung khd khdn cua tinh Bde Kgn ndm tren dja bdn «vung 135" cua tinh, co sd vdt chdt cdn ngheo ndn vd Igc hdu, dieu kien kinh t l vung mien kem phdt t r i l n , trinh ddn trf thdp Hogt dgng gido dye d ddy gdp nhieu khd khdn edng tdc tuyin sinn cung nhu qud trinh dgy hge, gido dye d nhd h-udng Vi vdy, chdt lugng gido dye cdn nhieu hgn che nhieu nguyen nhdn khdc dd cd nguyen nhdn ve mdi trudng gido dye Su dyng phuong phdp khdo sdt bdng alket vd phuong phdp quon sdt true t i l p cung cdc phuong phdp b d trg khdc tren CBQL, 200 G V vd 0 HS t i l u hge d trudng t i l u hge thudc vung khd khdn eua huyen Bo B l vd Bgch Thdng cua tinh Bde Kgn, chung tdi thu dugc sd lieu sou ddy: 1) Ve mdi trudng co sd vdt chdt: / trudng h l u hge deu ehua ed du phdng hge cho HS hge mdt ca; / trudng h l u hge ehua cd cdc phdng chuc ndng, nhd d l xe, sdn choi, vudn trudng, nhd ve sinh eho HS; 100% CBQL vd GV nhd h-udng ddnh gid nhd trudng «dd cd du sdch gido khoa cho HS"; 757o CBQL vd 78% GV ddnh gid nhd trudng «chua ed du sdch tham khdo eho HS"; 100% CBQL vd GV ddnh gid nhd trudng «c6 rd't ft sdch ndng cao cho HS"; 80% CBQL vd GV ddnh gid «chua cd tgp ehi ddnh cho tre em"; 100% CBQL vd GV ddnh gid nhd trudng «e6 rdt ft vd chua cd thilt bj sinh hogt vdn nghe"; 100% CBQL vd GV ddnh gid nhd trudng «chua cd hodc c6 rd't ft phuong tien vui choi gidi trf cho HS"; 100% CBQL vd GV nhdn xet nhd trudng «chua co phuong tien phdng chdy vd hj thudc phuc vu chuo benh eho HS edn ngheo ndn vd thilu ngudn nude > L UC" uong cho HS , , , ^ Ket hgp VOI quan sot tryc hep tgi cac truong tieu hge, chung tdi nhdn thay dja diem cac truong khdng tdp trung, vdi nhieu « d i l m trudng", ednh quan chua dugc dep, khdng ed tudng rdo boo quanh, chua cd b i l n trudng; bdn g h l chua dung quy cdch, chua thye su thdn thien vdi ngudi hge Tap ciii Giao due so (ki 6/2011) 2) Ve mdi trudng tinh than vd mdi trudng xd hgi: nhd trudng vd GV dd thudng xuyen phdi hgp vdi chinh quyen dia phuang vd cha me HS de vdn dgng HS tdi trudng GV thudng xuyen bdm trudng, bdm bdn, kjp thdi khdc phyc nhung hien tugng HS bd hoc nen dd huy dgng 100% HS tudi d i n trudng; 67,8% GV chua su dyng thudng xuyen cdc phuang phdp dgy hoc cd tdc dyng tgo MTHT hgp tdc, chia se k i l n thuc, kinh nghiem giua GV vdi HS, HS vdi HS; 78,3% HS gap khd khdn hoc tdp vd sinh hogt khdng gidm chia se vdi thdy co vi «nggi" Trong gid hoc, cdc em cdn td thilu tu tin, chua mgnh dgn chia se bdy td kien thuc vd kinh nghiem cua cd nhdn N h u vgy, ben cgnh dieu kien co sd vdt chdt ehua ddy du, nhung yeu tdtdm If vd xd hgi cung chuo thuc su eo tdc dyng tgo MTHT cho HS tieu hge nen dd dnh hudng khdng tdt tdi chdt lugng gido dye h l u hoc d vung khd khdn Tu nhung k i t qud nghien cuu neu tren, chung tdi edmdt so k i l n nghj sou ddy: 1) Chfnh phu, Bd GD-DT, UBND hnh vd Sd GD-DT Bde Kgn cdn quan tdm ddu tu co sd vdt chdt trudng hge cho cdc trudng h l u hge vung khd khdn nhdm tgo mdi trudng on todn, thdn thien vdi ngudi hge, tgo ddng luc cho ngudi hoc phdt triln nhdn cdch 2) CBQL nhd trudng cdn quon tdm den cdng tdc chi dgo cdn b g , GV tdng eudng dd'i mdi phuong phdp dgy hge theo hudng hge tgp hgp tde nhdm tgo MTHT thdn thien, chia se giua GV vdi HS, giua HS vdi HS 3) GV h l u hge d cdc trudng vung khd khdn cdn cd phuong phdp, bien phdp vd kl thudt dgy hge nhdm tgo mdi quan he thdn thien vdi ngudi hge, kfch thfeh tfnh tfch cue chu dgng cua HS cdc gid hge 4) Chfnh quyen dja phuang, cha me HS cdn ldm tdt cdng tdc vdn dgng HS tdi trudng d l GV chuyen tdm cho viec thiet k l bdi gidng vd td chuc bdi hge tren Idp, khdng phdi ddu tu thdi gian thuyet phyc HS tdi trudng • ^ ^ " ^ " ^ i j ^ ""n^** T^- •• A M^O Pham H5ng Quang M O I t r u i n g giao due NXB Gido'due, \l.200A ^ ^ -^^ ^ ^ „ ^^ ^ j - ^ ^^^ ^^^ ^ ^ j ^ ^^^ Q^^^ ^ „ ^ y^ 2004 xhai' Duy Tuyen Triet hoc giao due Viet Nam N X B Dgi hoc SU phgm, H 2009 "Xay dung vSn hoa nha trucrng" {Tdi liiu tdp hudn cho cdn bd qudn li dudn liin kit Viet Nam - Singapore) #