DAY HOC VI MD GfiP PHAN NANG CAO M NANG SOAN GIANG CHO SINH WEN Q ThS PHAM THI MINH LL/ONG* Dqy hqc vi md (DHVM) Id hinh thuc dqy hqe (DH) td chOc Idp hqc theo quy md nhd, nhdm phdt huy Hnh Hch eye, c[.]
DAY H O C VI MD GfiP PHAN NANG CAO M NANG SOAN GIANG CHO SINH WEN Q ThS P H A M THI M I N H LL/ONG* ShawrlHng, cdc td Hip h^e ddi ehdo bdl d l gdp ;>' bd sung cnlnh sOo Bdi cdc budc cd t h i gidng nhou, nnung cdc Hlu Hit cd t h i khdc (Cdch ddt Hdu d l , ddt cdu hdl, sO dyng cdc hinh thOc td chOcvdPPDH ) Bdi soqn bdn Word edn duqc dua Idn mdy chllu d l cd Idp cung chTnh sOo xdy dyng h>ng hoqt ddng, cdt myc, chi tilt dudi sy djnh h u d n g td ehOe cOa G V trdn phdn m I m ShawrlHng Khi bdi soqn dd khd dn, ehuyin song giol doqn tdp gidng Thyc hdnh tdp gidng DHVM hidn rd nhdt DHVM duqc ung dyng rdng rdl vl^e rdn bdn chdt d giol doqn tdp gidng Thyc hdnh tdp KN soqn gidng d hqe pndn PPDH ede bd mdn gidng duqe m chOc thyc hidn trwig gid chfnh khda ndi chung, PPDH NgU vdn ndi rldng Trong DHVM, vd nhung budi rdn l u ^ n n g h l ^ vy thudng xuydn GV djnh hudng cno SV hilu rd hhig cdng v l ^ vdo chllu tho hdng tudn 1} Thqc hdnh chfnh khda CTng dyng DHVM, phdi Idm, udn ndn rdn tOng KN nhd soqn gidng Chuong h-inh thyc hdnh hqc phdn PPDH gld gidng Idp GV ndn chlo nhd cdc hoqt ddng Moi SV ehl ndn thye hdnh tdp gidng mqt hodc / s ^ vdn vd cdc budi hqc rdn NVSP ehuydn ngdnh rm thfeh hqp d l td chuc DHVM vd duqc h-||n1chai hoi hoqt ddng Hoqt dqng kSn duqc tdeh nhd theo vdn dyng Ong vdt glal doqn rdn KN soqn gidng cdcy (vf dy: Hoqt ^ng£)qc hliu chiH^ vdn bdn) CO bdn cho SV dd Id: thilt k l k l hoqch bdj dqy Hoqt ddng nhd hon duqc kit hqp vdl nhou (vf dy: Kit hqp hoqt ddng kilm ho bdi cu vd gldl thidu vd tdp gidng mitki kd hoqch bdi dqy Thilt kl kl bdi mdi) Cu i h l Ion luqt mfil SV cd thd Idm chO bye gidng khodng 10-15 phOt Id hqp vdi thdi hoqch bdi dqy Hlh hdnh SV hqc xong If thuy^, duqc thyc hidn tOng budc theo nguydn i6c DHVM luqng DHVM Vdi mdi aid gidng Idp, GV nhdt thilt phdl vd DH Hch eye Myc Hdu dqt duqc cuo giol doqn ndy Id SV phdi cd sdn phdm ki hoqch bdi dqy hudng dfin chl Het vd duo tidu chf ydu edu cy thi h-inh bdy trdn g\6y, bdn Word vd PowerPoint Ddi vdl SV tdp gidng, cdn phdl rdn luydn tv t h i Budc ddu xdy dyng duqc md hinh thilt k l ede hSc phong, edeh trinh bdy Hdn co sd myc tidu bdl hoqt ddng DH ddc trung cOo bq mdn, ndn eho ed dqy SV ngdi dy phdl ghi chdp ed nhdn xdt uu Idp soqn eOng mqt bdi Hi^n nay, mqng Internet nhuqc d i l m chl Hit vd ho trq bqn tqp gidng phdt h'iln rdng khdp, vide soo chdp, aownkxxl lOiuyIn khfch d i n em ngdi dudl dung phuong Ddl soqn rd't d l ddng Vi vdy, d l khdc phyc soo Hdn thu hinh sfin cd nhu: didn Hioqi, mdy dnh, chdp bdl trdn mqng Internet hodc copy cOa bqn, webcom d l ghi hinh tdp gidng eOa bqn Nhihig GV ndn ydu cdu SV thilt k l k l hoqch bdi dqy clip ndy duqc dua Idn mdy chllu eho cd Idp theo bdng bdn vllt toy K l hoqch bdl dqy cOo tOng cd ddi, quon sdt rdt hih> fch cho phdn hdi rut klnh nh&i cdn duqc tndo ludn rOt kinh nghidm kr d td, nghidm Cd t h i lh£ty, ghi hinh tqo clip hong gidng nhdm Cdc td cOng ndn ddl ehdo nhqn xdt, phdn tdp Id mdt phuong Hdn cung cdp duqc nhllu mdng hdi, chTnh sOa, bo sung vdl nhou Sou dd, k l Hn, CO sd glOp phdn hdl duqc chfnh xdc hidu qud hoqch bdi dqy mdl duqc ehuyin song h'lnh bdy trdn W o r d TO bdn W o r d , trdn phdn m I m * liMlu Cao tAn W P M " QI^K Niih D qy hqc vi md (DHVM) Id hinh thuc dqy hqe (DH) td chOc Idp hqc theo quy md nhd, nhdm phdt huy Hnh Hch eye, col trqng rdn kr ndng (KN) nghidp vy su phqm (NVSP) eho sinh vidn (SV) h-udng CDSP, hudng dfin SV soqn gidng theo hinh thuc DHVM mong Iql hidu qud thidt thyc nhilu mdt, glOp gidng vidn (GV) vOa ndm bdt duqc thyc chdt Hnh trqng dqy vd hqc, vOa h^o dllu kidn hllu sdu sdc h>ng ddi hrqng SV, cd nhung dllu chinh kjp thdi v l phuong phdp dqy hqc (PPDH), rdn kt ndng (KN) thyc hdnh soqn gidng eho Khig SV Tap chi filao ftic so (kt a • 4/aoia) Nhd dd, SV ty nhin nhdn, tq ddnh gid d l ddng chfnh xdc nhOng uu khuylt dilm vd mOc dd thdnh thye cdc KN su phqm cuo chfnh bdn Hidn, cuo bqn mdt cdch cy t h i d l rut kinh nghl|m vd Id co sd d l duo ro bi^n phdp cdl Hin rdn luy|n thilt thyc hqp cho Idn gidng sou, Quy h-lnh tdp gidng vl md cO i h l duqc Idp Iql cho d i n SV dd dqt duqe nhOng KN co bdn Trudc mdl budi Idp gidng, G V cOng cdn dua nhOng tidu chl djnh nudng SV edeh thuc phdn hdi, nhdn xdt, ddnh gld, bd sung nhu: ndl aung, myc Hdu, thdi glon, cdc PPDH, thilt bj phuong Hdn vd phuong H$n DH Cdng vi$c phdn hdl rOt kinh ngni^m can cy t h i vd duqc (n^fin tfch chl Hit hJng KN, h>ng ddi h/qng Idp gidng, d l ede em phdt huy duqe t h i mqnh vd gidm ddn nhihig hqn ehl, v^n dyng hidu qud hon cho nhihig Idn gidng tdp Hip riieo Hem nOo, edn chO trqng rdn cdc KN vd ndng lye su phqm cho SV; cdch h'lnh bdy bdng, duo cdu hdi, Hm nguydn nhdn vd cd gldl phdp hqp gldl quylt Hnh hudng Cd nhihig Hnh nudng duqc SV honh ludn rat sdl ndl Kch eye, kdo theo sy thom gla hudng Ong eOa rdt nhilu SV nhOt nhdt Ydu cdu mOc dd KN Idp gidng d mfii budi eOng ddt ro ld)dc nhou Thyc td, khdng phdi d ddu, lOe ndo cung ed dO cdc phuong H$n ttillt bj hidn dql hfi h DH Vi vdy, nhihig budi ddu, SV hodn todn t£^ gidng theo PPDH huyIn thing Bdng den, phdn hong duoc khuyin khfch su c^ing nhdm rdn 10^ v j ^ vd hinh bdy bdng d l SV cd t h i k& hqp v l ^ bdng md vfin boo qudt Idm chu bye gidng NhOng budi top gidng Hip theo, SV dd thilt Idp vd duqc rdn cdc KN h-lnh bdy bdng, dlln dqt, sO dyng phdi hqp cdc PPDH , G V sd djnh hudng d l SV chuyin sang muc dd KN ndng coo hon nhu; Ong dyng cdng ngh$ thdng Hn, 10^1 Idng nghe vd phdn hdl Hch eye Mudn vdy, SV edn phdi thilt k l k l hoqch bdl dqy vd tdp gidng h-dn PowerPoint nhdm rdn KN su dyng phuong Hdn thilt bj hidn dql Cdch thuc tdp gidng mfil budi hqe cung khdc nhou Cj nhOng bull tdp gidng sou, SV dd mid duqc k l hoqch bdl dqy ^ oude ddu dd thilt Idp, djnh hinh, ed duqc nhihig thoo tde KN su phqm khd thdnh thqo Hon nOa, qua quan sdt cdc bqn tdp gidng vd sy h-dl ngh||m cOo difnh bdn thdn, cdc em cOng rut duqc nhllu bdl hqc kinh nghidm soqn gidng Vi t h i , cdn khuyin khich SV h/ gldc ^ p gidng d hoqt ddng kSm hon hodc kit hop nhleu lioqt ddng d l bdl gidng tdp duqc hodn chtnh ddm bdo mdt Hit hqe, bdl nqc 2) Thqc hdnh rin luy$n NVSP DHVM cd dilu ki|n Ong dyng thudn Iql hon h'ong nhOng budi hqe nghl|p vy ehuydn ngdnh ddnh dio soqn gidng Cd t h i tdn dyng duqc nhllu phdng hqc d l td chOc chia Idp thdnh nhllu Idp nhd (td/nhdm) tdp gidng theo vi md Cdc dilu kl$n vdt chdt: thdi gian, Idp hqc, bdng den, bdn g h i , bqn ngdi dy cOng llnh hoqt hon Cdc td/nhdm xdy dyng theo quy md Idp nhd duqc Idm v l ^ d nhihig phdng hqc dde Idp Ldn luqt SV tq gldc tdp gidng, dy gld, gni hinh, phdn hdl rOt klnh nghlim vd tdp gidng luqt hoi, ba G V chl quan sdt h i h-qKmg nhdm edn thilt Phdn hdl, dy gld rOt kinh nghi$m vfin duqc H ^ hdnh h ^ Hnh thdn, nguvdn tdc vd bdn chdt DHVM Kit thOc qud Mnh thyc hdnh gidng tdp, G V ndn td chuc ed Idp h/ ddnh gid vd rOt klnh nghlim chura v l KN soqn gidng mdt,kllu bdl ® Ung dyng D H V M vdo rdn KN soqn gidng cho SV mong Iql hl$u qud hit sOc thilt riiyc nhilu mdt qud h-tnh rdn vd ndng coo KN su phqm cho SV Trudc hit, chlo Idp thdnh nhung k ^ hqc nhd (td/nhdm) dd tqo mdi hudng hqc tdp rdn luy|n gdn gOI thdn thidn hon n l u o l soqn gidng d Idp Idn D i l u ndv dd khuyin khfch duqc nhllu em ty Hn mqnh aqn ti(h eye tham gio hudng Ong gidng tdp, k l cd nhOng SV nhOt nhdt, trung blnn vd ^ u Chlo nhd cdc hoqt ddng DH dd tqo sy h; gldc chu ddng khdl sdng tqo cho SV Do chf soqn gidng mdt hoqt ddng, ndn d l nhd, d l thudc, d l ddu tu nghldn cOu so vdl phdl soqn gidng ed bdl hodc Hit hqc Mdt khdc, SV duqc cho h^ng rdn h)ng KN Hlu Hit nhdt gdp phdn rdn vd nfing coo ndng lye NVSP ey thi cho h>ng em (vf dy: KN xdy dyng myc Hdu, ddt cdu hdl, h-inh bdy bdng, d l l n dqt, xO If Hnh hudng, sO dyng phuong Hin DH, ung dyng cdng ngh$ thdng Hn ) Thdi glon tqp gidng theo hoqt ddng d l l n ro ngdn gqn, khdng gdy cdng thdng dp lye ^ o SV tdp gidng vd cung widng tqo nhdm chdn Oc c h l qud Idu cno ngudi dy Bdl moi SV thom gia tdp gidng dd Iqo ndn nhihig phong cdch dqng khdc nhou D l l u dd eOng tqo co hdl khdng nhung eho cdc em t h i hidn bdn thdn md edn hqc hdi vd chia sd vdl rdt nhilu Soqn gidng theo phuong phdp vl md edn giOp cdc em ed nhilu co hdi hinh thdnh, phdt h-lln, hodn thidn cdc K N su phqm vd nhdn cdch m$l cdch khoo hqc vChig chdc, h'dnh duqe kllu gido dye ndng v l If thuvlt D$e bl$t nhihig SV sou duqe xem clip gfil hinh cOa chfnh minh, duqc phdn hdi rut klnh nghlim, duqc gidng Iqi lln Tap chifilaodue s6 (M a - •/aoia) tho 2, da Hin bq ro r^t (so sdnh nhung Idn ghi hinh) DHVM edn Id minh chung khdng djnh cno cdch thOc ty hqe, ty ddo tqoTd dOng hudng Ngudi hqc cd t h i tq bdn thdn nghldn cOu thilt k l k l hoqch bdl dqy, tq tdp gidng, ghi hinh, xem xdt ddnh gld rut kinh nghidm vd gidng Iqi nhllu Idn Tuy nhldn, dp dyng DHVM vdo thyc hdnh soqn gidng cOng ed nhung hqn chl Bdi gidng bj chlo cdt thdnh nhllu hoqt ddng nhd, nlu khdng khdo xO If vd khdng cd sy chuyin gioo hqp ll giita cdc SV, d l blln thdnh vyn v^t, md't Hnh bgic, thdng nhdt Trong dd, ddc trung gld dqy NgO vdn edn phdl ddm bdo Hnh chTnh thi, thdng nlidt vd thdm mT Cung chlo cdt nhd bdi gidng, ndn ddi cdc hoqt ddng l|eh nhou cdu hiDc k l hoqch bdl gidng khdng h\)ng nhou vd cdc em khdng hqp jr nhou cdch hinh bdy bdng vd dlln dqt (giuo ndi dung DH k l Hip nhau) Mdt khdc, cdc dllu kidn vQt chdt: phdng hqe, sd luqng GV, phuong Hdn ghi hinh vd kr thudt ghi hinh khd odp Ong thyc ndnh soqn gidng theo Idp hqe vl md (vf dy: td chuc thdnh nhilu kfe DHVM, GV khd quan sdt hyc Hip vd lidn h/c d i n tdt ed SV Bdl G V chl cd t h i dy gld d mdt nhdm ndo dd, Idvdng t h i cd mdt d tdt cd cdc nhdm cOng thdi dilm, ndn cd nhdm" thl^t thdi VI td ehOc DHVM Cor sd cho vlec glao dye ki nang (Tiep theo 19} cdn sy hS Hq cuo it nhdt mdt GV/mqt Idp, chO khdng thi chi mdt GV cho lihllu Idp hqc vi md nhu hi^n toi) Vi vdy, SV dd hinh thdnh duqe KN thilt k i k l hoqch bdi dqv vd Idn Idp, cdn cho SV tdp soqn vd gidng todn bdi Q Tdi iifu tham Ichdo Triin Ba Hoinh - Nguyin Tri - Cao Due Ti^n Nguyin Trpng Hoikn Ap difng d^y vd h^c tich eye mdn Vfin h9c NXB Dqi hqc suphqm Hd N^i 2003 Dqy vd hgc tich cifc Tiki li$u t$p huin, Dy an Vi$tBI, 2006 Nguyin Thanh Hung (chu biSn) Phinmg phdp d^y hfc Ngd^ vfin d- trung I19C co sd NXB Drii hqc su phqm HdN&i 2001 Website dfty v^ hpc tich eye cua Dy ka Vi$t Bi: Alt.edu.vn SUMMARY Applying micro-teading Is a good way to imfxove students' activer^ss and promote their pedagogical sWte Students ct^ Improve their skills and teaching ability through fhese steps: meting lesson-plans, peerteacNng, watching the records of the teaching, gettingfeedback Byushgmlcro-teachhg teactierscan avoid teaching In theory and prove that s^-study training Is a right way and a suitat^e tendency of our devek^ng society hqe tdp d l ngudi hqc duqc \ii