cnn PHIIT TRig''''n sirm neOn nGuf THI GIAC CHO TRC 1 Ngdn ngu cua con ngudi dupc chia thdnh hai toai ngdn ngu ttiinh giac (nghe ndi) va ngdn ngQ ttij giac (dpc v''''l^) Ngdn ngQttiinh giac dupc sudyng rpng[.]
cnn PHIIT TRig'n sirm neOn nGuf THI GIAC CHO TRC TS NGUYEN TH! XUAN YJN" Ngdn ngu cua ngudi dupc chia thdnh hai toai: ngdn ngu ttiinh giac (nghe - ndi) va ngdn ngQ ttij giac (dpc - v'l^) Ngdn ngQttiinh giac dupc sudyng rpng rai, thudng dung cudc sdng diii ttiudng, nhd nd md giao tilp cda ngudi nhanh nhay, tilt kidm, gpn nhg Tuy nhidn, tinh quy pham, tinh he thdng cua ngdn ngu thinh giac thd'p, vi vdy, nlu ngudi chi cd ngdn ngQ thinh giac thi tU khd cd the sdu sdc Ngdn ngQ thj giac ed tinh quy pham hon, hettidnghon ngdn ngQttiinh gide ChQvi^dupc xem la tin higu cua tin higu (ngdn ngQ ndi la tin higu cila y; chu vilt la tin hidu cua ngdn ngQ ndi) se kich thich sy phdt trien tu duy, tri nhd va tri tudng tupng ciia ngud( Kit qua nghidn ciiu cua gido su, Tmng Qudc Phung Ode Toan (2011) cho thiy, nhQng cdu chuyen nghe dupe thudng khdng an tupng va dupe hieu sdu sde bdng nhung tmyen dd doc, bdi an ta;png thj giac hQu hinh kha ndng ndm bdt thdng tin cila mdt uu vidt hon tai mdt dua be, r\m de ngdn ngQ thj gide phat triln chdm, bd qua ttidi ki vang eua nhdn thde thi tu duy, tri nhd, trita;ongtupng se khd phat trie'n Ngdn ngQ thinh giac bdt dau tQ tud'i, ludn ludn di tmde ngdn ngQ thj giac, nlu khoanci each giQa hai ngdn ngQ qua xa thi sd cang giam ttiieu sy phat trien cua ngdn ngQ thj giac Phat trien sdm ngdn ngQ thj giac cho tre la mpt vigc ldm cin ttiilt, dupc xem la mdt nhQng nguyen tdc dao tao td chat Uidl ki sdm eua ngudi Chu dpng phat trien sdm ngdn ngu thi giac la gdp phln hinh vdn hda dpc cho Idp tre mat chu Cin xem vide nhdn biet mat chQ eiia tre nhu vide nhdn biet ngudi, vdt, rd't ty nhien, khdng dp lye, khdng nhdi nhet Thye trang tre da nhdn bilt ChQ sdm mat thu, md't tinh ki ludt hpc tieu hpe ehi xay d nhQng em chi don thuin hpe nhan bilt chQ ma chua dupc phat trie'n sang giai dogn dpc hieu Trong giai dogn dlu giup tre nhdn bilt mgt chQ, dilu quan trpng la xdy dyng dupe dtre mdt hanh vi, mdt tlidi quen tdt vd tao cho fre hdng thu Tre can biet cudc sd'ng cd chQ, hiimg thu vdi vide nhdn bilt mat chQ gidng nhu tre quen nhin ngudi, nhin "vdf, hdng ttiu nhdn bilt ngudi, nhan bilt "vdf, Vige giup tre nhdn bilt mat chQ ein xem Id mpt bd phdn cua giao dye td chit eo ban, Id mdt trd choi, khdng cin xdy dyng myc tieu va tiln dp, khdng cin tidu ehi danh gia ddng nhd't cho td't ca tre eung tudi Oilu mong dpi glal doan dau la su hdng thu ciia tre dd'i vdi chQ chQ khdng phai Id tre da nhdn bilt dupc bao nhidu chu Chinh vi vdy, tre hpc nhgn biet chQ phai tii mdi tmdng sinh hoat xung quanh, bdng phuang phdp "lan tmyIn mdi tmdng", kich thich hiing khdi, tieh cyc cd vu, chai ma hpc, O l mdi tmdng sinh hoat xung quanh tre ludn cd chQ, ngudi kin can tao cac phuang tidn d l kilm, d l lam nhu the chQ, bang vilt, phd'n, tranh chQ, ; gdn the chQ vtii "vdf, ddt nha, Idp Cde vdt ndy se khich thieh uu ttii ghi nhd vd thQc cila tre, giup tre din vdi chQ vilt mdt each tu nhien Ngudi Idn vui ve chi va dpe eho tte xem va nghe nhung khdng ein giai ttiich (mdi chQ ehi vd dpc vdi lan mdi ngdy) Cin tan dyng ttidt^de ngoai canh "gdy anh hudng dd'n vigc hgc chu" Chdng hgn, eho tre dn kem, de tre vui ve nhdn bilt chQ "kem"; di choi vdi tre vudn thu, nhin thd'y khi, vol, viet chQ "kh?', ehu "vor de tre nhdn biet; cung xem ti vi vdi tre, giup tre nhdn biet cac ChQ trdn man hinh Nhu vdy, tre khdng chi hpe mdt each vui ve ma cdn linh hdi nhanh, nhd nhanh, dd se dem lai hieu qua eao Phit trien ngdn ngd thi giic cho tre tdluc nio? Lim the nio di'phit trie'n ngdn ngd thi giic? Tieh hgp viee phit trien ngdn ngu thi giic vdi phit trien ngdn nguthinh giic nhu the nio? la nhQng van d l ma bai viet d l cap Tmde hit, can nhdn thQc vide phit trien ngdn ngu thi giic cd ttie bdt dau, song song vdi phat trie'n ngdn ngu thinh giac Nhilu y kiln eho rdng, ddy la quan diem khai ttiac b'i tug philn didn, cd hai, nhdi nhet va tdng ap luc cho tre; nhQng tre nhdn biet chQ Giai doan dau giup tre nhan biet mit chQ can gdn sdm, di hpc tieu hpc se khdng thieh nghe giang vdi vide day be phat dm, day nghe, ndi Vige phat va khdng tuan thu ki luat khdng edn hQng thu am, ndi cda tre can to, rd rang bdl dpc to cd the viia Tuy nhien, can hieu rdng, giai doan dau cua vide phat trie'n ngdn ngQ ttij giac la giup tre nhin biit 'BpGnodKfaBaotao 40 Tap chi Gido due so 302 (ki2-1/2013) sQdyng ttij giac, viia sudyng ttiinh giac, taiddcdk)i cho kha nang chu y, ki tic, ii giai, cd Ipi cho bdi dudng tam li phdng khoang cua tre Mudn vdy, ngudi Idn phai ttiich dpc to, tre nhd nghe ttiay, nhin ttiay se bdt chudc mpt each vd thuc, din din hinh ttianh sd ttiich dpc saeh, hi "ttiinh gia" chuye'n sang "dpe gia" Hinhttianhdupcttidiquen ttiich sach,ttiichdpc saeh chinh la tdi san vd tan cua cudc ddi tre Sau tre dd cd hiing thu vdi vide dpc, da nhdn bilt dupc mat chQ, ngudi Idn can nhanh chdng chuyen sang giai doan giup tre dpc hid'u Ope hieu cd ttii ttiuc day sy phat triln kha nang nghe ndi, giup be kham pha "ve dgp ben trong" cila ngdn ngu ttij giac Nlu vigc nhan bilt mat chQ sdm lam phat biln tinh chii y, phat trie'n tri nhd, tinh i^uan sat cho tre thi vi$c giup tre dpc hie'u se phat tridn tinh suy ludn, tii h;pngta;dng.Nhung tri thde thu dupc tu vide dpe hilu tQ nhd se ed an tupng rat sdu dam cupc diii mdi ngudi va v l Idu dai se phat huy tac dyng Bdl, dpc hid'u thdi ki sdm cd anh hudng rat Idn ddi vdi phat trien ngdn ngu, phat trie'n tu KT ndng sir dyng ngdn ngQ eua tre 6uqc vi nhu chia khda vang, giiip tre md canh cda tri tug, ndng eao nang k/c ty hpc, tie'p thu nin van hda, vdn hidn cila ddn tgc, ndm bdt trittiQccua nhdn toai Dgy tre nhdn bilt mat chu va dpc hilu bdt budc kit hpp vdi vide xdy dyng tinh each, phd'm chat dao ddc tdt thi mdi cdng Cac ddc tinh: vui ve, hoat bat, chuyen tdm, ti mi, cham chi, cautie'n,ta;tin, khdng sp khd khdn, nhiet tinh, hod ddng se dupc hinh qua trinh phdt trie'n ngdn ngu thj gide cho tre Chu ddng phdt triln sdm ngdn ngu thj gide cho tre la sdm xdy dung thdi quen thich sach,ttiichdpc saeh, gdp phln hinh van hda dpc - van hda dang ed nguy co bj gkii tre lang qudn • Tai li$u tham khdo Hodng PhS Logic ngdn nga hpc, NXB Khoa htfc xdh^i,U 1989 Robert J Marzano Ngh$ thuSt vi khoa hpc day hpc NXB Gido diic Vift Nam, H 2011 Phiing DIIC Todn Phuong an tudi: phat tri^n ngOn ngu' tdr ndi NXB Lao d^ng - Xd hdi, H.2011 NguySn Quang USn (chii biSn) TSm li hpc dai cuong NXB Gido dif c, H 1996 SUMMARY Today, the reading culture is in danger of degraOedgy tre dpc hid'u, tmde hit phai ehpn ndi dung dation and neglected by the young Therefore, the Npi dung tre dpc phai dac bidt sinh dpng, hdp ddn; maintenance and development ofreading culture for cau cd cd'u tnic don gian, dpc len cd dm dieu; chu young people is essential Early development of the visual language for chUdren as measures to address viet Idn Tmygn tranh, tho va van van (ddc bidt la the root of the problem Because, the early developnhung tac phd'm giau dm thanh, nhip digu, tilt tdu) ment of visual language contribute to the formation la tai ligu tdt nhd't giai doan Cd the de tre of youth culture reading thudng thde tranh tn;dc, doan cdu chuydn tranh ho$c cdu dd sach, sau dd mdi dpe O l u tidn, tre dpe ttieo kie'u "dpc vgt", nhung, tre vdn cam nhgn dupc ve dgp ngdn ngQ ciia bai van, bai tho (Tiep theo tmng 57) qua ngQ dm (van, lugt) Sau dd, vdi kha nang ghi Trdn Ngpc Oanh NghiSn ciu thiit ki, khai thde vd nhd d'n tupng vd ttiQc cap, tre se nhgn biet dupe si dung thi nghiim tu tao day hpc vdt ll chuong m$t chu Cung vdi vd'n sd'ng dupe tieh luy dan, tre CO hpc v(lt li ldp & trudng trung hpc casd vung nii se cam nhdn dupc "ve dgp ben trong" cua ngdn tfnh Qudng Tri Ludn v5n thstc si, Tru&ng D?i hpc su ngQ thj giac, cang ydu thich vide dpc sach Khi tre pham Hu^, 2010 dpc sach can dupe yeu eau ngdi dung tu the' Ngudi NguySn Dtre Thdm Phuong phap d^y hpc vit U & kim cd ttie dung ngdn tay trd hoae que chi de ehi truong phd thOng NXB Dpi hpc suphpm, H 2002 taing chu, chi chu nao, dpc chQ dd Oau tidn ngudi kin dpc, tre dpc theo, sau dpc theo vai lan, nen SUMMARY khich Ig tre ty dpc Khi tre da cd bilu hign As the trend towards innovative teaching meththyc, ngudi Idn khdng cin chi chQ, tre cd the tn/c ods in high schools is growing, one of the requiretilp dpc Vigc dQC to tilng se chuye'n sang ments is to enhance the use ofexperiments and visual dpc thim, dpc bdng mdt Tre se dupe luydn cac kT aids in teaching This article we reseach making and ndng hpc dpc vdi tu each la mdt mdn hpc using selfcreated-experiments to investigate f^enomenon of the stationary wave on the elastic in high nha tn/dngtid'uhpc schools physics, grade 12 Che tao va Sir dung (ki2-1/2013) • Tap chi Gido due so 302 41 ...sQdyng ttij giac, viia sudyng ttiinh giac, taiddcdk)i cho kha nang chu y, ki tic, ii giai, cd Ipi cho bdi dudng tam li phdng khoang cua tre Mudn vdy, ngudi Idn phai ttiich... nhiet tinh, hod ddng se dupc hinh qua trinh phdt trie''n ngdn ngu thj gide cho tre Chu ddng phdt triln sdm ngdn ngu thj gide cho tre la sdm xdy dung thdi quen thich sach,ttiichdpc saeh, gdp phln hinh... giac Nlu vigc nhan bilt mat chQ sdm lam phat biln tinh chii y, phat trie''n tri nhd, tinh i^uan sat cho tre thi vi$c giup tre dpc hie''u se phat tridn tinh suy ludn, tii h;pngta;dng.Nhung tri thde