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Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.Nghệ thuật lãnh đạo Hồ Chí Minh Nội dung và giá trị.
The thesis has been completed at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics Supervisors:1 Assoc Prof Dr Do Xuan Tuat Assoc Prof Dr Lai Quoc Khanh Reviewer 1: Reviewer 2: Reviewer 3: The thesis will be defended in front of the Thesis Committee at Academy level, at the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politicsat…… hour…… date …… month …… year 20…… The thesis can be found at the National Library and the Library of Ho Chi Minh National Academy ofPolitics INTRODUCTION Rationaleoftheresearch Leadershipisaninevitableactivityin theprocessofexistence anddevelopmentofhumansociety.Peopleneed leadershipandleadershipispresentinall areasofhumanlife.Inthat mutualdevelopment,individualswithoutstandingqualities and abilitiesemerged,became leadersofsocial forcesandnations, gained remarkableachievements,andbecameasymbolforeveryonetoadmireandfollow.Theyhavefor medtheunique artofleadershiptoachievetheorganization’sgoalsin themosteffectiveway Boththeory and practicehaveproved thattherevolutionisagreat,gloriousbutalsoarduouscausetoabolishtheorders that alienatepeople,and bring peoplefreedomandcomprehensivedevelopment Therefore,it isassociatedwithfierce struggles,sometimes implicitly,sometimes openly,bothimplicitly and openly betweenprogressandbackwardness,civilization and brutalitytoestablishnewandgoodthings.Inordertowin thosestruggles,itrequiresrevolutionary forces,especially leaders,toperceiveandsolvemany problemscreatively, flexiblyandskillfullytohavethesupportofthemasses.Bydoingso,asolidfoundationwillbebui lttoavoidorreduce losses,winstepbystep andcometocomplete victory Therefore,the artofleadershipiscrucialto therevolutionanditisalwaysnecessarytodeeplyresearchandapplycreatively HoChiMinhisaprofessionalrevolutionaryactivistwithatimeofmorethanhalfacentury.Heis theleaderof theVietnameserevolution,aninternationalcommunistsoldier withagreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofthecountry andtheworld,contributingtothedevelopmentofmankind Duringhisrevolutionaryprocess,HoChiMinhshowedaunique and typicalleadership art.Hebecameanexemplary leader through successfullysolvingproblems that arisedatall levelsintheextremelydifficult,complex situationsandcriticalmoments.Thisisdemonstratedbothintheory andinpractice.TheartofleadershipHoChiMinhcreatedabrilliant victoryoftheVietnameserevolution,becameatypicalmodel,andplaced cultural valuesnotonlyofnationalstature but alsoof theera.InthecourseofresearchonHoChiMinh,althoughhisleadershipart was mentioned indirectlyinsomestudies,from many angles,ithasnotbeengeneralizedandinterpretedcomprehensivelyand systematically fromHoChiMinh’sstudies WhenitcomestotheartofHoChiMinh’sleadership,everyonecanfeelit,buthavenotyetidentifyi t;everyone canfeeltheneedtolearn andapplyit,butithasnotbeensummarizedintoawhole.Theabove mentionedpointposes and requiresthegeneralizationoftheory,systematizationaswellasinterpretationoftheconcept,conte nt andvaluesofhisleadership art.Thereby,it contributestoaddingtheknowledgesystemofHoChiMinhstudiesand modernleadershipscience, making greatcontributionstoimprovingtheleadershipand rulingcapacityofthecurrentandfutureCommunistPartyofVietnam Onthe otherhand, studyingtheleadershipartofHoChiMinhisalsoanecessarycontentcontributingtotheconstructi onanddevelopmentoftheParty’sarttheoryof leadershipinparticularandthemodern VietnameseartofleadershipingeneralwiththefoundationoftheleadershipartofHoChi Minh Thisis amatteroftheoreticalandpracticalsignificance fortheParty andthecontingentofcadresintheprocessofleadingthecountry,localitiesand units.Thereby,itwill speeduptheprocessofrealizingtheaspirationtobuildastrongVietnaminthenewconditions Currently, Vietnamis inaperiodwhen thesituationinthecountry andinthe worldisundergoingimportant changes with increasing complexity.Atthe same time, therearemany existing paradoxes Manynewand emerging problems needto beclarifiedandappropriate countermeasuresareneeded.Theworldchangesrapidlyandprofoundlywithhidden unpredictablefactors;thecompetitionamongmajorcountriesisincreasinglyfierce,creating unpredictable impactsonsmallcountries;thechallengesoftraditionalandnontraditionalsecurityemergewith newcharacteristics, affectingtheglobalsituationandevery country Therenewal process continuestobepromotedcomprehensivelyandsynchronouslywiththeincreasinglyhighertheg oals, requiringmoreeffective leadership Facing that situation,if theParty anditscadresdonothavetheartofleadershipwithcreativity,flexibility and ingenuity,itwillbedifficulttosuccessfullysolve thechallenges posedaswellastotakeadvantageof thecomingopportunitiesin themost effectiveway Theabove things require andencourageus tomoredeeplystudytheorysoastocreativelyapplytheleadershipartofHoChiMinh withoutstandingvaluesthat havebeenverified and confirmedbyhistoryto thecontextofnewconditions.Thereby,ithelpstofindareferenceframeinsolvingcurrentproblem sinthefaceofavolatile contextwithmanyunpredictablefactorsinwhichopportunitiesalwaysgohandinhand withrisks,benefitsgohand-in-handwithpitfalls Therealityof thecountry’s developmentundertheleadershipof thePartyoverthepast timeshowsthat, inadditiontothegreat achievementsofhistoricalsignificance,apartofleaders still reveals certain limitationsandinadequacies,suchastheirvision,policymaking,useofpower,useofpeople, settlementofrelationships,handlingofemerging situationssometimesand somewhereare notgood, affectingthedevelopmentof thelocality andthecountry.Thisrequirestostrengthenthetrainingofknowledgeaboutleadershipartingen eral andHoChiMinh'sleadershipartinparticularforleadersatalllevels,firstofallatthestrategicleve l.Onthatbasis,itwillcontributetohelpingthemtrulybecomeconscientious,visionary and talented leaders, inheritingthecausegivenbyHoChiMinhandpreviousgenerationstobringtherevolutiontone wvictories Theabove issuesshow that,clarifyingtheleadership art ofHo ChiMinhnot only adds to the knowledge systemaboutHo ChiMinh studies, contributingtohighlighting his stature,but also makes apractical contributiontosolving problemsthatareposed in thedevelopment processofVietnamand the worldtoday bothin theoryandinpractice.Fromtheaforementioned reasons,the PhDstudentchosethe topic:“HoChi Minh’s LeadershipArt -ContentandValues”ashisdoctoral thesis, majoringinHoChiMinhstudies Research objectiveandtasks 2.1 Researchobjective Point out,systematizeandinterpretthecontentandvaluesof Ho ChiMinh'sartofleadership 2.2 Researchtasks First, provide an overviewoftheresearchsituation relatedtothethesis.Second,clarifytheconceptsrelatedtothethesistopic Third, define the basis for forming the leadership art of Ho Chi Minh Fourth, point out,systematizeand analyzethebasic contentsof HoChiMinh’s leadershipart Fifth, pointoutand analyzethetheoreticalandpracticalvaluesof HoChiMinh’s leadershipart Subjectsandscopeoftheresearch 3.1 Researchsubjects The contents and values of Ho Chi Minh's leadership art 3.2 Researchscope - Intermsofcontent:SystematizeHoChiMinh’s viewsonleadershipthatisreflectedinhisworks along withthe lifeandpracticeof Ho ChiMinh’srevolutionaryleadership.Onthat basis, exploitandclarifythecontentsandvaluesof HoChiMinh'sartofleadership - Intermsoftime:Thetimewhen HoChi Minhledtherevolutionwiththefocuson theperiod1945-1969.Toclarifythevaluesof HoChiMinh'sleadershipart,thethesisupdated theoretical andpractical achievementsofthe doi moi inVietnamfrom1986topresent - Intermsof place:The placeswhereHo ChiMinh used toparticipateinleadershipactivities,focusingonVietnam Theoretical basis andresearchmethods 4.1 Theoreticalbasis Thethesiswasresearchedon thetheoretical basisofMarxism-Leninism,HoChiMinh's thought; guidelinesandviewsof theCommunistPartyofVietnamonrevolution andrevolutionaryleadership 4.2 ResearchMethods OnthefoundationofthemethodologyofMarxismLeninism,thethesisusedasynthesisofHoChi Minhstudiesandinterdisciplinarymethodstoconducttheresearch.Inparticular,thespecific methods usedaremainlyacombinationoflogicandhistory, generalization,andsystematization.Atthesametime, dependingoneach research task,themethodswereusedwithdifferentpriority Usingsecondarydatacollectionandprocessingmethods:collecting,processingandevaluating relevant documentsand dataofpublished works athomeand abroad;usingthemethodofcombininglogicandhistorytoreviewtheresearch situation relatedtothethesis Usingthemethodsofgeneralization, abstraction, combinationoflogicandhistory, systemstructure,textanalysis,behavioranalysis,comparisontoclarifythebasis for formingHoChiMinh'sleadershipart Using themethodoflogicand historycombination, generalization,systemstructuretoanalyze and evaluatetheviews and actionsof HoChiMinh, thereby drawingout hisleadership art;usingmethodsofabstraction, generalization,combinationoflogicandhistory,system-structure, comparisontoclarifytheconceptandsystematizethecontentsofHoChiMinh'sleadershipart Usingthemethodofvalueresearch, generalization, systematizationandcomparisontodrawandinterpret theoreticaland practicalvaluesof Ho ChiMinh’sartofleadership Inaddition,the thesis usedmethods such as:analysis,synthesis,practical summarization,modeling, tointerpret,evaluateandclarifythecontents and valuesof HoChiMinh'sleadership art Newscientificcontributionsoftheresearch Thethesis presented and analyzedtheconceptof HoChiMinh's leadershipartaswellasclarifiedhisapproachtostudying leadership art.Thethesispointedoutand analyzedtheoreticalandpractical basis and subjective factors affectingtheformationof HoChiMinh’sleadership art.Thethesis also pointedout,generalized,and systematicallypresentedthecontents, theoreticalandpractical valuesofHoChiMinh'sartofleadershipwhich hasareference value fortheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofVietnamandofleading cadres atalllevelsinVietnamtoday Scientificandpracticalsignificanceoftheresearch 6.1 Scientificsignificance Thethesis generalizedandsystematizedthetheoryandinterpretedHoChiMinh’sleadership artasanindependent research objectintermsofcontentsandvalues.Thereby,thethesiscontributedtosupplementingthekno wledgesystemof Ho ChiMinh studiesandleadership scienceaswellasaffirmingthestature andgreatcontributionsof HoChiMinhtothenationandhumanity 6.2 Practicalsignificance Theresultsofthethesis provide scientificargumentsforstudyingandfollowingHoChi Minh’sartofleadershipand training leadersinthepoliticalsysteminVietnam, contributingtothefightandcriticismofwrong views,perceptions,distorting and opposingstatementsofhostileforces aboutHo ChiMinh Theresultsofthe thesis canbeused asareference forthestudy,applicationanddevelopmentofHoChiMinh’sleadershipart.Thereby,contributions canbemadetothedevelopmentandrealizationofhislegacyinlife,promotingthedevelopmentoft hecountry Thethesis can serveasadocumenttoresearchandteachHoChi Minhstudiesandtraincadresatacademies and schools acrossthecountry Structureoftheresearch The thesis isstructured intothefollowing parts: Introduction,04chapters (12 sections), conclusion, listof theauthor’spublished works relatedto thethesis and listofreferences Chapter1LITER ATUREREVIEW 1.1 LITERATURE REVIEW RELATEDTOTHESIS 1.1.1 Researchonleadership andtheartofleadership Leadershipandleadershipartis asubjectthat hasbeen studiedbymany researchersbothathomeandabroad,sorelatedworksare richandmassive withmanyapproaches accordingtodifferentperspectives.Theyhave createdaquitecomplete appearanceofleadership,theartofleadership.Inthe aboverichness,fromtheperspectiveofapproachingresearchof thethesis,therearesometypical worksofthefollowing authors:VuongLacPhu, TuongNguyetThan, MurrayHiebert,BruceKlatt, GastonCourtois,ChuVanThanh,LeThanh Binh,TranLongVan,MaxLandsberg,JohnC.Maxwell, Huong Phi, Esther Cameron&MikeGreen, NguyenHuuDong,NguyenBaDuong, PeterG.Northouse,PhanHuy Duong,DangThanh Tinh, AoThuHoai, Nguyen ThanhGiang…The worksof theaboveauthors presentedasystemofbasicissuesaboutleadership and leadership art Theyareimportant documentsforthePhDstudenttodeeply research and interpretetheissues raisedbythethesis topic 1.1.2 ResearchonHoChiMinh’sartofleadership HoChiMinh’sleadershipartisanewtopic,sotherehasbeennoin-depth researchonthisissue Relevant aspectsaremainly integratedandevaluatedintothecontentsof thestudyofHoChiMinh’sbiography,career,ideology,morality,lifestyleandgeneralcontributio ns.Inwhich,there areworksoftypicalauthors suchas:JeanLacouture,DanaOhlmeyer Lloyd, FurutaMotoo,VoNguyenGiap, DangXuanKy, Phan NgocLien, WilliamJ.Duiker,JeanSainteiny,HoangChiBao,SongThanh,Tran Duong, PhamVanDong,Tran DinhHuynh,MachQuangThang,PhamVan Bay, PhungHuuPhu,LeVanYen,TranNham, John Callow, NguyenDaiTrang,E.Cobelep, NguyenHuuDong,LaiQuocKhanh,NguyenThiThanh Dung,DinhNgocQuy,NguyenTheNghia,Nguyen ThiThanh Tam, Alain Ruscio,TaNgoc Tan,LeDoan Ta Despiteonlymentioning some relatedtoHoChiMinh’sartofleadership,theworksoftheabove indirect aspects have beenmany studieson HoChi Minhaswell ashislegacy,therehasnot beenaspecific,systematic and comprehensivestudyofHoChi Minh’sleadershipart 1.2.2 Issuesneededtobestudiedinthethesis First,togeneralize,pointoutandclarifytheconceptaswellastheconnotative elementsofHoChiMinh’sartofleadershipaccuratelyandcomprehensively Second,toclarifythebasisfortheformationof HoChiMinh’sartofleadershipwiththefocus placedoninterpretingthemostimportant premisesinthetheoretical,practicalbasesand subjectivefactors Third,tosystemize and clarifythecontentsof HoChi Minh’sartofleadership, including:theartofbuildingleadershipgoals andvision,theartofpersuadingthesubjectsofleadership,theartoforganizing and using revolutionaryforces,theartofusingpower,theartofseizingopportunitiesandtheartofhandling situations Fourth,groundedon theissued analyzed andinterpreted associatedwiththehistoricalandcurrent contexts,thethesisevaluatesand analyzesthetheoreticaland practical valuesof HoChiMinh’sartofleadership Thereby,contributionsaremadetoaffirmingthestatureof HoChiMinh’sartofleadershipand providingascientific basisforfurtherpromotingthestudyandapplicationof hisleadershipartto thenewconditions,newcontextsand newsituationswiththeaimofbringingtherevolutionarycausetofurtherdevelopment Chapter CONCEPTANDFORMATIONBASIS FORHOCHI MINH’SARTOF LEADERSHIP 2.1 SOMEBASICCONCEPTSRELATEDTOTHETHESIS 2.1.1 Conceptofart Art is a concept that refers to creativity, flexibility and ingenuity in creatinghigh efficiency in human activities in all areas of social life 2.1.2 Conceptofleadership Leadershipisthetotalofactivitiesof theleadership subjectinorderto definegoals,persuade, attract, organizeandleadthesubjectsofleadershiptovoluntarilyengage, dedicatethemselves,andsolveemerging situationstosuccessfullyaccomplishthegoalsoftheorganizationorhuman community(organizationingeneral) 2.1.3 Conceptofleadershipart Theart ofleadershipisthesum totalofcreative,flexible andskillfulactivitiesoftheleadersindefining goals, persuading, attracting,organizingandleadingthesubjectsofleadershiptovoluntarilyengage,dedicateth emselves,solve arising situationsinordertosuccessfullyimplementthe goalsoftheorganization withthehighestefficiency 2.1.4 ConceptofHoChiMinh’sleadershipart HoChiMinh’sartofleadershipisthesumtotalofcreative,flexibleandskillfulactivities ofHoChiMinhintheleadershipprocessto identifygoals, persuade, attract, organizeandleadthesubjectsofleadershiptothevoluntary commitment,dedication,andresolutionofarisingsituationsinorderto gainandmaintain nationalindependence,unifytheFatherland,andbuildanewsocietyinthemosteffectiveway 2.2 BASISFORFORMINGHO CHIMINH’S LEADERSHIPART 2.2.1 Theoreticalbasis 2.2.1.1 TraditionalleadershipartoftheVietnamesepeople - Focusingonpromotingthenationaltraditionalculturetoachievethegoals - Beingclosetothepeopleandandtolerant - Concentratingonbuildingunityandconsensusinthecourtandinthepeople - Alwaysupholdingthespiritofindependence,self-controlandcreativity - Respectingandusing talentswell - Beingskillfulinhandlingrelationswithneighboringcountries 2.2.1.2 Quintessenceofleadershipthoughtofthehumanity - ThequintessenceofEasternleadershipthoughtandexperience + Confucian ideology of national governance + Positive concept in the behavior of Buddhism + Lao Tzu’s manners and national governance faith +The life ofrevolutionary activitiesandthedoctrineof theThreePeoplesofSunYat-sen - ThequintessenceofWesternleadershipthoughtandexperience Asaperson wholivedand workedforalong time in the Westerncountries,HoChiMinhabsorbedarichtreasureofknowledge, alongwithexperienceinorganizing social life Western leadership thoughtandexperiencecontributedtoexplainingtherelationship betweentheindividual andthecommunity, affirmingtheroleof thepeopleinthenewpoliticcontextandupholdingtheroleofpoliticalleaders andthesystemofviews ondemocracy,humanrights,civilrights,ruleoflaw,andhumanity 2.2.1.3 Worldview, methodologyandviewsonleadershipartofMarxismLeninism TheoverarchinginfluenceofMarxism-Leninismon Ho ChiMinhistheworldviewandmethodology.Thisistheprismthat helpsHo ChiMinh see andevaluatethings andphenomena,andis atool forunderstandingandimprovingtheworld Marxism-Leninismhaspointedoutthearduous, complicatedandextremely difficultthingsof theproletarian revolution Therefore,inordertowinthevictory,theworkingclass andtheworking people must buildacombatheadquartercapableofleadingthemovement.Inwhich,theleadersmustimpro ve methodsandformaleadership arttoimprovise and deal with allsituationsand changesofthestruggle AccordingtoMarxism-Leninism,theleadersandtherevolutionary Partymust buildamasssolidarityblock betweentheworking classandtheworkingpeople, attractthemaximum holdpoweras forceofintermediaries;outline specific methodstogain and wellassuccessfullybuildanewsociety.Inparticular,itrequires leadersand politicalpartyoftheworkingclassto beverycreative, skillful,flexible andknowhowtoapplyallmethodstothestruggle,know howtoproperlydealwithstrategyandtactics,sticktotherealityoflife, constantly innovate themselves…togainthevictory 2.2.2 Practicalbasis 2.2.2.1 RealityinVietnam Therealityofafeudal colonialVietnamwithcomprehensivechangesinallaspectsofsocial life;therealityof themovementsagainsttheFrenchcolonialists;theVietnam’srealityduringtheperiodofresista ncewaragainst French colonialistsand American imperialists 2.2.2.2 Realityintheworld Capitalism’sdevelopmenttothestageofimperialism;TheRussian October Revolution(1917) success;WorldWarI,IIandtheformationofworld orders;thechangesofcapitalismandsocialism systems andthedevelopmentofrevolutionary movementintheworldafterWorldWarIIto1969 2.2.3 SubjectivefactorofHoChiMinh 2.2.3.1 Deeppatriotism,loveforthepeopleandrichsentiments 2.2.3.2 Strongpoliticalwillpower,independent, selfcontrolledandcreativethinking 2.2.3.3 Thorough understandingandrich practicalexperience 2.2.3.4 Extraordinarywillandperseverance Chapter CONTENTS OF HO CHI MINH’S LEADERSHIP ART 3.1 ARTOFDETERMININGGOALS ANDBUILDINGLEADERSHIPVISION 3.1.1 Thoroughly graspingcontexts, correctlyidentifyingissues Ho ChiMinhisoneof themostsuccessfuland typicalleadersofmankindinthetwentieth century Thatsuccessoriginatesfrom thatfactthatHo ChiMinhgraspedthesituationsofthenationand humanity,correctly identifiedthegoals,builtleadershipvision and transformeditintothegoalsandvisionof hisnation,makingthewholenation unanimously pursueandrealizeit.Thatgoalsare independence, freedom, happiness, democracy, prosperity That visionis togainnational independenceandtoleadtosocialismand thentocommunism.Allare closely linkedinthestrugglesfornational liberation, class liberationandhuman liberation.Ho ChiMinhdeterminedhisaspirationonthebasisofclearly understandingtheaspirationsofthepeople.Heknewhowtonurturethataspiration,takeitasare asontolive, and findasuitableandcreative waytoaccomplishit.Thisissomething thatothers,before andinHo ChiMinh’s generation, failed.On thebasisof thegeneralgoals,dependingoneachperiod,stageandthechangesofthecontext,HoChiMinha lwaysadjustedthe goals of the revolution accordingly Those goals were always in a unified whole, closely related to each other, not a simple addition 3.1.2 Combiningtimeconnectionandsocialconnection StudyingHoChiMinh’srevolutionaryleadership process,wefindthat,whendefininggoalsand buildingleadership vision,hecloselylinked theconnectionbetweentime(past-present-future) and social connection(individualandcollective,nationandhumanity).ForHoChiMinh,“knowingthepa st, especiallygraspingthepresenttounderstandandspeculateonthefuture.Onlybydoingthat,we willbeabletoassessthesituationandjudge whathappenedproperly”.Hetookthecurrentsituation(ofindividualsandcollectives,nationan d humanity)tobuildgoalsforthefuture (individuals andcollectives,nationandhumanity)onthebasisofsolvingcurrentproblems, takingthefuturetoguidecurrentgoals,orientingthepresent.Intheopposite direction,thecurrentgoalsfromtimetotime, througheachstageareeach specific steptoreachthefuturegoalswhich mustbeachievedinordertogettowhatwillbeachieved.Butwhether presentorfuture,HoChiMinh alwayshadaconnectionwiththepast Thatnotonlyhelpedtomakeleadershipgoalsmorecomprehensive,butalso found strengthandlessonsfromthepasttoplancurrentandfuturegoals 3.1.3 Graspingtheinevitableandconstantly creating conditionsforrealizingtheinevitable Recognizingtheinevitable anditsmanifestationineachspecificperiodas well asthe waystoimplementit isaveryuniquepointinHoChiMinh’sartofleadership.Toensurevictory,accordingtohim,Vietn amese revolutionmust followthe pathof theproletarian revolution,whichis theinevitable.But therewereaseriesofimportantproblemsthatneedto besolvedasstepstoreachthegoals HoChiMinh graspedthemand implemented stepbystep,graduallybuiltupthefactors, whichwasthepossible (meaningthattheinevitablehadenough conditionstoberealizedinaspecificcontext).Inwhich,thegoals neededtobeimplementedgraduallytowards thedesiredbutmust stand firmlyon thegroundofreality:“ourdesiresmustalsobemoderate.Wejustdo thethingsthatwecandoandtrytodo”.Besides,HoChiMinhknewhowtoexpandthepossibleby highly promotingthesubjective dynamismofhimselfandthemassesbutnotfallintothesubjectivityofwill,inordertoovercome difficulties andchallengesand achievemaximumsuccessundercertainconditions 3.2 ARTOFPERSUADINGSUBJECTSOFLEADERSHIP 3.2.1 Graspingsimilaritiesanddifferences,andappropriatelydealing with common interests and privateinterests WhatcreatedHoChiMinh’s successinpersuadinghistarget thatheknewhowtofindsimilaritiesanddifferencesthrough subtleobservation.This wastheprocess HoChiMinhgraspedtounderstandthecharacteristicsof the subjects skillful was and that ... PhungHuuPhu,LeVanYen,TranNham, John Callow, NguyenDaiTrang,E.Cobelep, NguyenHuuDong,LaiQuocKhanh,NguyenThiThanh Dung, DinhNgocQuy,NguyenTheNghia,Nguyen ThiThanh Tam, Alain Ruscio,TaNgoc Tan,LeDoan Ta Despiteonlymentioning