PowerPoint Presentation Chuyên đề Reported speech There are 4 types of reported speech Tóm tắt Câu gián tiếp 1 Statements (Câu phát biểu) S + said + (that) + S + V (lùi thì) * S + told /asked + O + S[.]
• Chuyên đề: Reported speech There are types of reported speech: Tóm tắt Statements (Câu phát biểu) Câu gián tiếp • S + said + (that) + S + V (lùi thì) * S + told /asked + O + S + V (lùi thì) Commands • S + told/asked + O + to – V (Câu mệnh lệnh) • * S + told /asked+ O + not + to – V Wh-questions * S + asked + O + wh-… + S + V (lùi thì) (Câu hỏi nội dung) • S + wondered + wh-… + S + V (lùi thì) * S + wanted to know + wh-… + S + V (lùi thì) Yes-no questions * S + asked + O + if / whether + S + V (lùi thì) (Câu hỏi có khơng) • S + wondered + if /whether + S + V (lùi thì) * S + wanted to know + if / whether + S + V (lùi thì) I CÁC NGUYÊN TẮC CHUNG Thay đổi động từ câu tường thuật - Động từ tường thuật động từ giới thiệu câu nói trực tiếp hay câu nói gián tiếp Khi đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, động từ tường thuật thay đổi tùy theo trường hợp cụ thể - Dưới động tường thuật dùng câu: Said → said (that) Said to sb → told sb Ex: He said, “I am twenty years old.” He said (that) he was twenty years old He said to me, “I work in a factory.” He told me he worked in a factory 2 Lùi 1.Simple present (V(s/es)) - is / am /are Simple past (V2/ed ) - was / were Simple past (V2/ed) Past perfect ( had + V3/ed ) Simple future (will/ shall + V0 ) Future in the past ( would/ should + V0 ) Present continuous(am/is/are+ V-ing) Past continuous (was/ were + V-ing ) 5.Past continuous (was/were + V-ing) Past perfect continuous/past continuous (had + been + V-ing) Future continuous (will + be + V-ing) Future continuous in the past (would + be + V-ing) Present perfect (have/has + V3/ed) Past perfect (had + V3/ed) Past perfect (had + V3/ed) Past perfect (had + V3/ed) Future perfect (will + have + V3/ed) Future perfect in the past (would + have + V3/ed) 10 can could 11 may might 10 must/ have, has to had to Ex: He said, “I am a taxi driver.” He said (that) he was a taxi driver He said, “I am living in London.” He said he was living in London He said, “I have visited many famous places.” He said he had visited many famous places He said, “I visited The Great Wall in China.” He said he had visited The Great Wall in China 5.He said, “I will look for a better job.” He said he would look for a better job “I must go now,” Alice said Alice said that he had to go at that time She said, “I can swim.” She said she could swim 3 Thay đổi từ định, trạng từ cụm từ thời gian nơi chốn: DIRECT SPEECH this these now here today ago yesterday tomorrow this year / month / week last year / month / week next year / month / week a year / month / week ago The day before yesterday The day after tomorrow INDIRECT SPEECH that those then, at that time, immediately there that day before the day before, the previous day the next day, the following day, the day after that year / month / week the year / month / week before; the previous year / month / week the year / month / week after; the following year / month / week a year / month / week before; a year / month / week earlier Two days before Two days after Ex: He said, “I am working hard today.” He said that he was working hard that day They said, “We went to work late yesterday.” They said that they had gone to work late the day before Thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng, đại từ sở hữu, tính từ sở hữu: Câu trực tiếp Ngơi thứ ( I ) Câu gián tiếp Đôỉ thành người nói (cùng ngơi với chủ từ mệnh đề Ngơi thứ hai (you/we/ Đổi thành ngơi người nghe (cùng với they/DTSN ) tân ngữ mệnh đề chính) Ngơi thứ ba Khơng thay đổi (he/she/It/DTS ) Ex: He said, “I like my job.” He said he liked his job He said to me, “You look like my sister.” He told me I looked like his siter * LƯU Ý: Các trường hợp KHÔNG thay đổi câu tường thuật: a Câu trực tiếp diễn tả chân lí, hay thói quen - Nếu câu nói trực tiếp nói thật, chân lí hay thói quen thường xuyên lặp đi, lập lại tại, đổi sang câu gián tiếp ta phải giữ nguyên câu trực tiếp Ex 1: The teacher said, “The earth moves round the Sun” The teacher said that The earth moves round the Sun 2: My wife always drinks coffee for breakfast He said that his wife always drinks coffee for breakfast b Động từ tường thuật đơn : - Nếu động từ tường thuật đơn chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp ta giữ nguyên động từ ta đổi chủ ngữ, tân ngữ… cần - Các động từ tường thuật ta thường gặp : say ( nói ) tell ( bảo, kể ) order = command = request ( lệnh, yêu cầu ) ask ( hỏi ) Ex: The doctor says to me“ you should give up smoking” The doctor says to me that I should give up smoking c Khơng thay đổ động từ câu gián tiếp có thời gian xác định khứ Ex She said, ‘‘I was born in 1980’’ She said that she was born in 1980 e Các động từ khiếm khuyết: could, would, might, ought to, should thường không thay đổi câu tường thuật Ex He said, ‘I might come’ He said that He might come’ - Khi tường thuật mệnh đề ước muốn: “wish’ Ex: He said; “I wish I had a lot of money” He wishes (that) he had a lot of money II Bài tập vận dụng dạng Statements (Câu phát biểu) * S + said + (that) + S + V(lùi thì) * S + told + O + S + V(lùi thì) He said, “I have just bought a computer today.” Linda said, “There is someone at the door, Bill.” Thomas said “All the students will have a meeting next week” She said “My parents are very proud of my good marks” The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully” Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend” She said “I may visit my parents in summer” The teacher said “We can collect old book for the poor students” She said “I don’t buy this book” Commands/ orders / requests (Câu mệnh lệnh/Câu đề nghị / Câu yêu cầu) (tell, ask order, advise, warn beg command, remind) * S + told/asked + O + to - V * S + told /asked+ O + not + to - V Dick said to Jim: “Please open the window.” →Dick told Mother said, “Tim, go to bed early.” → Mother told Father said to Liz: “Don’t come home late.” Father told Mary angrily said: “Never smoke in my room.” → Mary told “Would you turn on the radio, please?” She asked → She asked “Could you lend me some money, please?” He asked He asked “Please, please turn off the T.V, John,” said Tom →Tom begged He said to me: “Don’t come back before one o’clock” → He asked “Don’t touch that switch, Peter.” I said → I warned 10 “Remember to write to me soon,” she said to me → She reminded Y-N questions: (câu hỏi Y/N) * S + asked + O + if / whether + S + V(lùi thì) * S + wondered + if /whether + S + V(lùi thì) * S + wanted to know + if /whether + S + V (lùi thì) He said to me, “Are you from Canada?” The man said to her, “Did Bill tell you my address?” The girl said, “Do you live near here, David?” “Do you like sports?” Hang asked Nam “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend “Did you go to Hue three years ago?” Tam asked Peter “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan 10 She said to me “Can you speak Chinese?” 11 “Will you be here for five days?” Tam asked Thu 12 “Were you reading this book at o’clock last Sunday?” She asked Ba Wh-q (từ để hỏi) * S + asked + O + wh-q + S + V (lùi thì) * S + wondered + wh-q + S + V (lùi thì) * S + wanted to know + wh-q + S + V (lùi thì) He said to them, “Where are you going?” The teacher said, “When you your homework, Tom?” The tourist said to me, “How often does the train get in?” “Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me “How many people are there in your family?” She asked John Tam’s friend asked him “How long will you stay in England?” “What time does the film begin?” She asked her mom The teacher said to Lien “What‘s your hobby?” “How you go to the airport?” His friend asked him 10 “How much does this dress cost?” Ann asked her mother 11 Mary asked David “How often you wash your clothes?” ... continuous(am/is/are+ V-ing) Past continuous (was/ were + V-ing ) 5.Past continuous (was/were + V-ing) Past perfect continuous/past continuous (had + been + V-ing) Future continuous (will + be + V-ing) ... o’clock last Sunday?” She asked Ba Wh-q (từ để hỏi) * S + asked + O + wh-q + S + V (lùi thì) * S + wondered + wh-q + S + V (lùi thì) * S + wanted to know + wh-q + S + V (lùi thì) He said to them,... từ tường thuật đơn : - Nếu động từ tường thuật đơn chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp ta giữ nguyên động từ ta đổi chủ ngữ, tân ngữ… cần - Các động từ tường thuật ta thư? ??ng gặp : say (