KINH T E X A H O I tai Viet Nam Binh dang gidi la van de dang duoc toan xa hoi rat quan tam, dac biet trong ITnh vuc giao due va dao tao, mot Ifnh vuc co anh hudng quy^t djnh den chat luqng nguon nhan[.]
KINH T E - X A H O I tai Viet Nam Binh dang gidi la van de dang duoc toan xa hoi rat quan tam, dac biet ITnh vuc giao due va dao tao, mot Ifnh vuc co anh hudng quy^t djnh den chat luqng nguon nhan luc cua toan xa hoi Nhiirng nam qua, tuu chinh giao due va dao tao cua nudc ta la ty le biet cha cao, ty le no di hpc cao hon nam d mot so bac hoc, ty le nuf giang vien dai hoc tang nhanh I.BietchuT Theo s6 lieu thdng ke v l gidl, ty le b i l t ehCf eiia dan so tir 15 tudi t r d len nude ta kha cao, nam 2010 dat 93,7% Tuy nhien, ty le n d b i l t chCt van thap hon so vdi nam, tuong dng la 91,6% va 95,9% Khae biet giQa nam va n d v l ty le biet ehCf the hien ro hon d khu vPe nong t h d n , tPOng Lfng la 95% va 89,6%.Tyle b i l t chCf ciia nam va nuf d thj la 98,1 %va 96,1% Sp khac biet glQa nam va n d v e t y l e b l l t chCf the hien ro nhat d dong bao dan tpc thieu so Cu the, ty le b l l t chCf ciia nam dan tpc thieu so la 86,1 %, nCf la 73,6% Ty le tUOng ifng d dan toe Kinh la 97,7% va 94,7% (Xem b l l u 1) Trong giai doan 2006-2010, ty le biet ehtr eua nCf d thi tang nhe, tir95,8% len 96,1%, song d nong thon t y l e khdng doi, diing d mdc 89,6% O l l u eho thay can ph^i chil tdi cac bien phap nhSm tang ty le biet ehCf eiia nCf nong thon thdi gian tdi 9/aoi2 Sl^S&eN 13 "* H ^ KINH Tt - XA HQI Bli'u dd TV l i b i i t chilf cda d i n sd t i r l tudi t r d l i n theo t h i n h thj, ndng t h i n , nhdm d i n t i c v i gidi tinh, n i m 2010 EMn Wgudn." TCTK, Diiu tra biin ddng ddn sd vd ki hogch hda gia dinh 2010 Vijng Trung du vA m i l n nui phia BSc, Tiy N g u y i n vA Ddng bSng sdng Cdu Long \A noi cd t^ 1$ b l l t chCf ciia nif t h i p nhSt cA nddc, nSm 2010 dat tUOng dng 1^ 84,2%, 86,6% vA 90,2% 0$c bl$t t i / n a m 2006 d i n 2010, dTSy Nguyen vci Ddng bSng sdng CIXJ Long ty I I b i l t ehCf ciia nit da tSng nhe thi d Trung du vA m i l n nui phia B^c lai g l i m xudng X^t theo nhdm thu n h i p , d i n sd tC/15 tudi trd l l n thudc nhdm ngheo nhat co ty \& b l l t chit thap n h i t Ty le b l l t chd cua nOf d nhdm gial doan 2002-2008 co xu hPdng t i n g nhe, tir 76,6% nam 2002 len 77,2% nam 2008 Sp khic biet ve ty \i b l l t chif gida nam v l n d d nhomnayglnnhPglCfnguyen glal doan niy, chenh l^eh nam nOf tPOng dng la 10,9 diem p h i n tram nam 2002, 11,5 diem p h i n tram n i m 2004 v l 2006 v l 11,3 diem phan tram n i m 2008 O l l u n i y ddl hoi can co nhCfng g i l l phap cu the va tap trung hon n h i m n i n g eao ty le biet chQ eiia dan so thupc nhom ngheo nhat ndi chung, d i e biet doi vdl nQde g i l m k h o i n g c i c h giPI Ty le biet chQ ciia nhdm d i n sd Xd 14-25 tudi I I k h i eao, n i m 2009 la 97,5% O i l u d i n g mi/ng la k h o i n g eleh gidi d nhdm dan so da dupc thu hep d i n g k l , cu the nam I I 97,6% v l nQ 97,4% Di hoc Theo sd lieu Tdng d l l u tra d i n so v l nha d, ty le di hpc chung n i m 2009 d cap tieu hoc eiia nQ II101,9% va eiia nam II103,2% O l y I I ty I I di hpc ciia t r i tinh tren 100 em d d p tudi tieu hpc O l l u n i y cd nghia I I cd mpt ty le nhat dmh ele em di hpc tieu hpc n g o l i tudi cap t i l u hpe, ty le di hoe dung tudi ciia nCf I I % v l nam I I 95,1 % d p trung hoc co sd va trung hpc thdng, ty le di hpc eua nCf cao hon nam Cu the, cap trung hpc CO sd, ty le di hoe ehung ciia nCf la 89,4% v l nam I I 88,6%, di hpc dung tuoi tUong Ung la 83% v l 80,4% Cap trung hoc thong, ty le dl hpe ehung ciia niTvl nam la 66,1% v l 59,1%, ty le di hpc dung tuoi tuong Qng I I 59,2% v l 51,2% SU khic biet n i y cd the lien quan den dac tinh t i m ly eiia tre nam cung d i e tinh xa hpi d l bo hpe de phu giup cha me, b i t dau tU trung hoc epsdva t i n g cao hon d trung hpc thdng Do vay can quan tam xle djnh cae bien phap phil hpp n h i m thuc day ty le em trai dl hpc trung hpc co sd v l trung hoc thdng thPI glan tdi Ty le di hpe chung cap trung hpc co sd va trung hoe phd thdng d thj cao hon dang ke so vdi d nong thon Cu the nam 2009, ty k^ 14 Con so SU KIEN 9/S012 1^ nam d t h i n h thj dl hpc trung hpc co sd I I 92,2%, t^ 1$ n i y d nQ I I 93,4% Cic ty I I tuong Lfng d ndng thdn I I 87,4% v l 88,1%, X l t theo nhdm thu nh$p, ty l§ dl hpe chung cifp trung hpc phd thdng glal doan 2004-2010 cho thSy si; thay d l i v l k h o i n g c i c h gldi k h i ro r i t nhdm nghte n h i t , n l u n i m 2004, ty I I di hpc cua nam v l nQ khdng c h l n h lech d i n g k l , tuong dng t l 43,6% v l 43,4% thi d nhCfng n i m tilp theo, ty 1$ dl hpe d nQ t i n g nhanh ehdng, l l n 56,7% ty 1$ d nam t i n g cham len 49,3% v l mQc t i n g khdng d i u gida elc n i m k h i l n c h l n h lleh nam nfl gia tang d nhQng n i m g i n diy O l l u n i y eung dien tuong i p d nhdm g l i u n h i t Ty 1$ di hpe dung tudi d d p trung hpc CO sd cho t h i y xu hudng gla t i n g khoing eleh gldl x i y d c l t h i n h thj va ndng thdn N i m 2004, ty-1| dl hpc dung tudi d p trung hpc CO sd eua nam v l nd d thinh thi I I 81,4%, d i n nam 2010, t^ le di hpc dung tu6l cua nam la 85% v l nQ I I 88% ndng thdn, nam 2004, ty 1$ di hpe dung tudi trung hoe eo sd eua nam va nQ deu la 72,5%, d i n n i m 2010, ty le n i y ciia nam i l 79,7% v l nQ I I 82,3% d p trung hpc thdng, xu hudng gla t i n g khoing each gidl cdn the hien ro hon nCfa Nam 2004, ty le dl hoc dung tu6l cap trung hpc thdng eua nam d t h i n h thi I I 60,2%, nij' I I 66,6%, d i n n i m 2010, ty le tUOng ifng I I 65% v l 75,3% ndng thdn, nam 2004, ty I I tuong iifng I I 40,3% v l 42,7% va 6in 2010, ty le n i y I I 51,1% v l 60% Chua t i m g tfi hoc v l t h d l hoc Ty I I t r i em 6-14 tudi ehua bao gid den trudng d ndng thdn cao hon rd ret so vdi t h i n h thj, cu t h i n i m 2009 ty le t r i em trai d ndng thdn chua bao gid d i n trUdng la 3,4%, t r i em g l i la 4,4%, ty le tUOng Ung d thj la 1,7% v l 0,7%.Ty le t r i em chUa I KINH T £ - X A H O I H i d dl hpc glQa cic vung cd si^ chlnh l^ch Idn Oing chu y I I trQ vQng I Nam Bp, noi t^ I I t r i em g l i chua bao gid d i n trudng thSp hon t r i em ftuong Qng 1^ 1,3% v l 2,1% v l 06ng bing sdng Hdng, nol t^ 1$ t r i em gll trai chua bao gid d i n trudng xSp xl nhau, tuong dng 0,5% v l 0,6%, cdn 1^1 I d d c vCing khic, t^ 1$ t r i em gll chQa bao gid d i n trddng d i u cao hon |em trai | c bi^t, vCingTiy BSc cd t^ 1$ chu^ d i n trudng cao nhdt v l chlnh l$ch gidl tinh Idn nhit, CM t h i d t r i em g l l I118,3% v l t r i em trai I112,7% T;^ I I vj thinh niln v l nlln thdl hpc cung cd si/ khic bl^t glETa thinh thj v l ndng thdn, N i m 2009, t^ 1$ thdl hpc d nam ndng thdn I I 56,4%, nQ I I % , t^ 1$ tUOng Qng d t h i n h thj I I 53,9% v l 46,6%.TJ l | nam thdi hpc khic glQa cic nhdm d i n tdc v l nhdm tudi Cg t h i d d i n tQc Kinh v l Hoa, t^ I I nam thdi hpc I I 51,6%, nQ I I 44,6%, t^ 1^ tUOng Cfng d d c d i n tdc khic I I % v l 59,9% nhdm 14-17 tutf I, t^ l | nam thdl hpc I I 24,1% nQ 111 6,5% Bllu tf6 2: T^i em - tutf I chUa bao gid t M tnrtmg theo vCing vd gidi tfnh, 20D9 Ngudn: Dieu tra ddnh gid cde muc tieu viphu ndvd tri em 2010-2011, TCTK Giao vien T^ le nQ giao vien trung hpc ehuyen nghl&p n i m 2010 I I 41,4%, gllo viln cao dang, dai hpe I I 47,4% Ty le nQ giao v\in da ting len llln tue giai doan 2001-2010, die bilt II d bac cao ding, dai hpc Bieu 3: T^ le gidng vien cao tfSng, tfai hpc theo gl6i tfnh nam 2010 • HnrH* • Nfr/hari* - ?-: ,, Mil' -.y & i 2001 2003 2D07 2010 Ngudn: Niin gidm Thdng ki ndm 2011 Oilu cho thay 10 nam qua d i e d si/chuyin blln tich cuc,ty le gllng vien nQ tang gan tUOng dUOng vdl nam d bic cao ding, dai hpc Binh dang gldl gllo due v l d i o tao tai Viet Nam d l v l dang cd nhOfng budc chuyen minh rd nit, t h i hiln d nhllu mat: TU tudng "trpng nam khinh nLf"dang d i n dUpc khae phuc, gla dinh v l x l hpl da quan t i m W nhilu hon v l tqio dllu kl$n t i t c l tti em khdng phin bl|t trai hay g l l d i n trudng; 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