DAO TAO NGHi CHO THANH NIEN NONG THON VIET NAM THU''''C TRANG VA GIAI PHAP DOAN K M THANG Tdm tit Dao tao nghi cho lao dgng, thanh nien ndng thdn la su nghifp cua Dang, Nha nudc, cua cac cip, cac nganh v[.]
DAO TAO NGHi CHO THANH NIEN NONG THON VIET NAM THU'C TRANG VA GIAI PHAP DOAN K M THANG Tdm tit: Dao tao nghi cho lao dgng, nien ndng thdn la su nghifp cua Dang, Nha nudc, cua cac cip, cac nganh va xa hgi nham nang cao chat lugng lao dgng ndng thdn, dap irng yeu ciu cdng nghiep hda, hifn dai hoa nong nghiep, ndng thdn Bai vilt phan tieh thuc ttang va cae giai phap dao tao nghi cho nien nong thon Viet Nam hifn Theo tac gia, ty If nien ndng thon chua qua dao tao nghi cdn cao, cdng tac dao tao nghe cho ni§n nong thon chua dugc coi ttgng diing muc De nang cao chat lugng dao tao nghi cho nien nong thon, can tang cudng cdng tac tuyen truyln, triln khai day nghi tai chd, du bao chinh xac thi tradng lao dgng va nhu cau hgc nghe TH khda: Dao tao nghe; nien; ndng thdn nhifu mat hang cdn thap Md diu Nghi Quylt sd 26 ciia Trang uong, Sau gin 30 nam Ddi mdi, ndng nghifp, ndng dan va ndng thdn nude ta thang nam 2008, Hdi nghi da dat dugc nhiing tuu to ldn Tuy Trang uong khda X, vl ndng nghifp nhien, nhiing kit qua dd vin chua xiing ndng dan va ndng thdn da xac dinh vdi tiem nang, lgi the khdng nhd cua "Hinh Chuong trinh muc tieu Vift Nam va dac biet la, su bat can ddi qudc gia ve dao tao nghi, phat ttien giua cac viing, cae nganh kinh te vin ngudn nhan lire, bao dam hang nam dao cdn tdn tai kha rd net Mdt nhttng tao khoang mgt trifu Iao ddng ndng nguyen nhan chinh dan den tinh trang thdn; phin diu din nam 2020 lao dgng la, phan ldn ngudi lao ddng ndng ndng nghiep cdn khoang 30%) lao dOng thdn van ehua duge dao tao nghe mgt xa hgi; ty If lao ddng ndng thdn qua dao each bai ban Gan 80% dan sd sdng d tao dat tten 50%" ndng thdn va tten 70%i lao ddng ndng Dap ling yeu ciu hien dai hda ndng thdn, ttong dd da phan cd ky nang nghe nghifp va cdng nghifp hda dit nude, vi rat thap dd vifc chuyen dieh sir phat trien tiln len giau ed cda ndng eo cau kinh te va ddi mdi each thirc san dan, vifc phai tien hanh dao tao ngh£ xuat ttong ndng nghifp cdn cham, chu yfu van la san xuat nhd le, phan tan; nSng suat, chat lugng, gia tri gia tang '*' Thac sT, Vi?n Xa hpi hpc, Vi?n Han lam Khoa hpcxahpi Vi?tNam 52 Bdo tgo nghe cho niin cho lao dgng ndng thdn, tap trung vao lire lugng lao ddng nien la rat can thilt Thyc trang dao tao nghe cho nien nong than Viet Nam Nam 2010, ttong sd 20,1 ttifu lao dfng da qua dao tao tten tdng sd 48,8 trifu lao dgng dang lam viec, thi chi cd 8,4 trifu ngudi ed bang cap, ehiing chi cic CO sd dao tao ttong va ngoai nudc cap Theo danh gia ciia Ngan hang "The gidi, Vift Nam dang rat thilu lao ddng cd trinh dg tay nghe, edng nhan ky thuat bac cao Chat lugng ngudn nhan luc thap so vdi cac nudc khac Neu lay thang diem la 10 thi chat lugng ngudn nhan lire nudc ta chi dat 3,79 diem - xdp thu 11/12 nude Chau A tham gia xep hang eua Ngan hang Thi gidi; ttong Han Qudc la 6,91; An Do la 5,76; Malaysia la 5,59; Thai Lan la 4,94 Ngudn nhan lire cd chat lugng thip, nguyen nhan ehu yeu la cdng tac dao tao hien chua phd hgp, chat lugng dao tao edn ban chd, mac dii ngan sach Nha nudc cho cho su nghifp dao tJio la kha dang kl Nhin chtmg, hien cd tdi 90%i lao ddng ndng, lam, ngu nghifp va nhiing can bg quan ly ndng thdn ehua dugc dao tao (Hinh 1) Dilu phan anh chit lugng ngudn nhan lire ttong ndng dSn cdn rat ylu kem Hinh Ty le lao dgng ci nirdc dang \km viec da qua dao tao (%) • Chung • Thinh th| •I Nong thon 2000 2005 2010 Sab62011 Ngudn: Tdng eye Day nghe, Bd Lao ddng - Thuang binh va Xa hdi, 2012 Hifn nay, tdng sd lao ddng dang lam vifc ttong cic linh vuc cua nln kinh te quoc dan la trdn 47 ttifu ngudi, ttong dd lao dgng dang lam vifc ttong ndng thdn chiem gin 70%i, lam viec ttong Imh vuc ndng nghifp chiem 51% De dap irng nhu cau nhan l\rc cua mdt nudc cdng nghifp theo hudng hifn dai, cin phai chuyin dich m^uih mi eo eau lao dgng ttong ndng thdn (muc tieu den nam 2020 chi edn 30% lao dgng ndng nghiep) va dao tao nghe cd su mang rat ldn, gdp phan rat quan trgng vao vifc chuyen dieh Nudc ta cd mdt lire lugng dan sd kha cao dang nam ttgng tudi lao dgng Nam 2010, sd ngudi tu 15 tudi ttd len la 50,51 ttifu, ttong Ivrc lugng ttong dg tudi lao ddng la 46,21 ttifu ngudi Ty If dan sd 15 tudi ttd len cua cd nudc tham 53 Tgp chi Khog hgc xd hgi Viil Nam, sd 9(82) - 2014 gia luc lugng lao ddng tang tir 76,5% nam 2009 len 77,3% nam 2010 Trong dd, lire lugng lao ddng ddi dao khdng dugc stt dimg hit, tham chi van dang bi lang phi nghiem ttgng Nam 2010, ed tdi 4,43% lao ddng d thi that nghifp va gin 20%) lao ddng d ndng thdn ehua dugc su dung Thit nghifp, thieu vifc lam, khdng chi khien ngudi lao ddng, dd cd lao ddng nien khdng cd thu nhap dl ttang trai cugc sdng, khdng du dd tai san xuat sttc lao dgng, khd thoat dugc ngheo ddi, ma cdn din den phan hda giau ngheo, bat binh ding xa hgi, te nan xa hgi va tdi pham gia tang Hien nay, dan sd ndng thdn nudc ta chiem tdi 2/3 so vdi thi Mdt sd van de xa hdi ndng thdn dang dat nhirng thach thttc cho qua trinh phat trien cua dat nudc Nhieu nghien ciru da chi rang, mac du chinh saeh xa hdi cd nhting ddng gdp tich cue, nhung tac ddng cua he thdng chinh sach den phat triln ndng thdn vin chua dat yeu cau Nhieu van de lien quan den ngudn nhan luc d ndng thdn dang gap nhieu bat cap va cd xu hudng gia tang Qua trinh CNH, HDH da thue diy su phat triln kinh te - xa hdi tac dgng den su chuyen dich manh me ca ciu kinh te Tuy nhien, cang cd nhieu hd ndng nghiep bi mat dat san xuat, phai tim each chuyen ddi lao ddng sang linh vuc phi ndng nghifp nen rat can dugc hudng chinh sach uu dai ve dao tao nghe D I giai quyet thuc trang dao tao nghe cho lao ddng ndng thdn nudc ta, muc tieu 54 eua Dl an 1956 da xay dung k l hoach ttt din nam 2015, 70% sd lao dgng ndng thdn, ttong dd cd lao ddng nien sau dugc dao tao nghe cd vifc lam phil hgp vdi nghe dugc dao tao va ty le dat duge la 80%) vao nhung nam sau dd Thanh nien la luc lugng lao dgng ldn cua xa hdi va la ngudn lire quan ttgng eho su nghifp CNH, HDH dit nudc Hang nam cd khoang 1,2 1,6 trieu nif n budc vao tudi lao dgng Theo ket qua dilu tta lao ddng va vifc lam toan qudc cua Bd Lao dgng - Thuong binh va Xa hdi, sd lugng va ty If nien tham gia hoat ddng kinh te tang diu ttt nam 2008 din nay''' Nam 2008, sd nien hoat ddng kinh te cua ca nudc la ban 16 trifu ngudi, chilm 67,2%) tdng sd nien (38,7% luc lugng lao ddng xa hdi); nam 2009, sd nien hoat ddng kinh t l tang gan 18 trifu ngudi, chiem 75,4% tdng sd nien (36,6%i lire lugng lao dgng xa hdi); nam 2010 eon sd la 17,1 trieu ngudi, chilm 75,9% tdng sd nien (33,7%) luc lugng lao ddng xa hgi) Dan sd nien tinh din nam 2011 la 25.328.073 ngudi, chilm 28,9% ddn sd ca nude Trong dd 50,6%) la nam va 49,4 % ntt Dan sd nien khu vuc ndng thdn chilm khoang 68 - 69% tdng sd nien ca nudc Theo sd lifu ciia ' ' Bp Lao dpng - Thuong binh va Xa hpi: Bdo cdo kit qud dieu Ira lao dgng viic ldm ndm 2008 vd thdng ddu ndm 2010 Bdo tgo nghi cho ihanh nien Tdng cue Thdng ke, hien dan sd nien (16 30 tudi) d nudc ta khoang 22 hifu ngudi, chilm 23% dan sd ca nudc Trong dd nien ndng thdn chiem khoang 51,5% Thanh nien tham gia lao ddng ttong eac phan kinh te da cd su thay ddi dang ke Hifn nien tham gia lao ddng khu vuc kinh te ngoai nha nude chilm ty If la 87,7% va kinh te ed vdn dau tu nudc ngoai la 4% (riSng tai khu vuc cd vdn diu tu nudc ngoai tang gip lin so vdi nam 2000)'^' Kit qua khao sat tinh hinh nien nam 2009 cho thiy, tren 70% sd nien ndng thdn chua qua dao tao nghi Do thieu vdn va khdng cd vifc lam nen 2/3 sd nien ndng thdn thudng xuyen phai rdi quf tim viec lam d nai khdc; dieu dd khien cho lan sdng di eu tv phdt cua hg den cac khu thi, khu cdng nghifp dl tim viec lam cang tang Sd nien khd quan ly, khdng sinh hosit doan thi, lam vice vit va, thu nh?ip thip, bip benh va la nhdm cd nguy ca cao vf mic cac tf nan xa hgi Mgt sd khd khan hifn cua nifn khu v^c ndng thdn, dac bift tai cac khu v\rc thu hdi dat la: trinh hgc van thap n§n khdng cd eg hdi dd cd vifc lam (68,4%), khdng cd dat dl san xuat, kinh doanh (53,1%), thieu kinh nghiem san xuit, kinh doanh (26,5%>), thilu thdng tin vl thi tradng lao dgng (23,3%)), khd tilp can cdc ngudn vdn (22,3%)) Theo bdo cdo "Xu hudng lao ddng va xa hgi Vift Nam 2009 - 2010" cua Bd Lao ddng - Thuang binh va Xa hdi va Td chttc Lao ddng qudc te, ty If nien tuoi 15 24 ttong tdng lire lugng lao ddng se giam tu 19%) ttong nam 2010 xudng cdn 17,2% ttong nam 2015 Tuy nhidn ty If thilu vifc lam ttong nien se tang len cao Nam 2007 cd 52,5%) sd ngudi thieu vifc lam d tudi ttt 15 - 24 tuoi Ty If thilu vifc lam nien tang tuong ddi cao, tang til 4,8% nam 2000 len 6,0% nam 2007 Nhu vay ty If thilu viec lam ciia nien so vdi ty If thilu vifc lam cua ngudi ldn da tang diu dan ttt 3,1 den lan Hau het lao dgng thieu vifc lam deu tap tnmg d ndng thdn Nam 2007 cd 89% dan sd thieu vifc lam Ty If thieu vifc lam d ndng thdn Vift Nam eao hon (5,8%) so vdi d dd thi (2,1%) Muc tieu den nam 2020, ca nudc chi cdn 30%) lao ddng ndng nghifp Dao tao nghe cho lao dgng ndng thdn cd stt mang rat ldn, gdp phan rit quan trgng vao vifc chuyen dich nay' 'Tuy nhien, cdng tac dao tao nghe mdi chi thu hut dugc 25%) sd lao ddng tre d ndng thdn tham gia Ty If lao ddng ndng thdn qua dao tao nghe mdi dat 18,7%, thap rat nhieu so vdi binh quan chung cua ca nudc (25%)) Lao dgng ndng thdn qua dao tao nghe cd sir chenh lech ldn giua edc viing kinh te nhu: vung Ddng '^' Bp Lao dpng - Thuong binh va Xa hpi va Tong cyc Thong ke: Bdo cdo kit qud diiu n-a lao dgng vd viic ldm tocm qudc giai dogn 2004 - 2008 '" T6ng cyc Day Nghe, 2012 55 Tgp chi Khoa hoc xd hgi Viel Nam so 9(82) - 2014 bang sdng Hdng la 19,4%, Ddng bang sdng Ciiu Long la 17,9%; ttong vimg Tdy Bac chi cd 8,3%i Ca nudc hifn cd khoang tten 25 trifu lao ddng lam vifc Ihih vuc ndng nghiep, lao ddng nien chiem 55,7%) tdng lao dgng ca nudc Mdi ndm cd thfm gan trifu ngudi den tudi lao ddng Nhu vdy, theo muc tieu, mdi nam se ed khoang trifu lao ddng ndng thdn can duge dao tao nghe de chuyen ddi sang cac nganh nghi phi ndng nghifp*'*' Cdng tac dao tao nghi cho lao dgng ndng thdn d nudc ta chua dugc coi trgng dung miic Nhieu lao ddng tte ehua nhan thttc day du vf tam quan ttgng cua vifc dao t£io nghe Vifc ddo tao nghf mdi chi thu hut dugc 25% sd lao ddng tte d ndng thdn tham gia, va ty If edn thip hem d nhdm lao ddng > 35 tudi Thvc trang dao tao nghe cho nien t^i x3 phirdng thugc tinh Ha Nam va Tien Giang Kit qua cudc khao sat Vifn Xa hgi hgc thudc Vien Han lam Khoa hgc xa hgi Viet Nam tiln hanh nam 2012 tai xa phudng thudc hai tinh Ha Nam va Tiln Giang la mdt vi du ve thuc ttang dao tao nghi cho lao dgng nien ndng thdn Vift Nam Theo kit qua cudc khao sat nay, nhdm lao ddng tte < 35 tuoi lam vifc d khu vuc kinh te phi chinh thuc khdng cao han so vdi cdc nhdm lao ddng khde Tuy nhien hg tham gia lam vifc d cac khu vuc chinh thue cd ty If cao hon Mdt dilu ddng chu y la nhdm < 35 tudi khdng lam viec chiem ty le dang kl chi sau nhdm lao ddng > 55 tudi (Bang 1) Bang Twong quan khu vyc kinh te theo dia ban va nhdm tudi (%) DiabanNTL Tudi cua ngudi tta ldi (NTL) Chung Thanh Ndng < 35 tudi 35-44 45-54 55 -I- tudi thi thdn 89,0 Khu v\rc phi chinh thttc 64,0 68,9 76,0 82,3 76,6 76,6 30,2 9,8 Khu vtrc chinh thuc 21,4 27,5 16,5 19,9 14,2 Khdng thich hgp, KLV 5,8 3,6 2,6 9,2 1,2 1,2 3,5 Tong 500 504 303 193 345 163 1004 Cac khu vuc kinh te ciia nghe Ngudn: Vifn Xa hgi hgc Sd lifu dilu tta dl tai cdp Bd 2011 - 2012 t£ii Ha Nam va Tien Giang Ket qua tai cudc khdo sdt cho thay cd tdi 69,7%) khdng duge ddo t^o nghe Sd cdn lai dugc dao tao nghe theo cdc cap chuyen mdn ky thudt dudng nhu cdn rat it Bac dao tao so cap cd 15,5%, trang cdp cd 5,5%i, cao cip cd 6,4%) Cd 56 su khdc bift cac bac dao tao ndy giua thdnh tW/ndng thdn, gitta cac trinh hgc van nam/nft va giua cac nhdm tudi (Bang 2) " Bp Nong nghidp & Phat trien nong thon, 2012 Ddo tgo nghe cho nien Bang Tirong quan gifra cac loai hinh dvQ^c dao tao voi dia ban khao sat (%) xa /Phudng Loai hinh dao tao cua Chung P Mmh XaThan Xa nghi chinh Phudng Khai Cuu Nghia Trinh Xd Khong dugc dao t^o 46,8 78,4 90,2 69,7 63,2 Sacap 21,6 16,4 5,5 15,5 18,8 Trung cap 9,6 2,8 1,6 8,0 5,5 0,4 Cao cap 16,0 2,4 6,4 6,8 Khong thich hgp, KLV 6,0 2,4 2,9 3,2 Ting 250 1004 254 250 250 Ngudn: Vifn Xa hdi hgc Sd lifu dieu tra de tai cap Bd 2011 •2012 tai Ha Nam vd Tifn Giang Theo nhdm tudi, muc dugc dao dao tao nghe cd ty If cao nhdt (29,1%); tao khdc bift gitta cac nhdm tudi lao tiep den Id edc thdng tin qua tradng hgc dgng Trong sd 43,8% lao ddng < 35 (20,4%)) Gia dmh, hg hang va ban be, tudi khdng dugc dao tao, lao ddng ntt tre hang xdm la hai kenh thdng tin phi chinh chidm 57,5% va lao ddng nam chiem thttc md ngudi dugc hdi tiep can chiem 50,1%) Cdng ldn tudi thi ty If khdng ty If (18,5% vd 14,2%) Kenh thdng tin dugc ddo tgo trinh chuyen mdn ngdy ve dao tao ttt cdc td chttc dodn the cd ty cdng tdng len Tuy nhien, neu xet If thdp (2,5%)) Hien thdi dai ddo tgo trung cdp vd cao cdp lao ddng thdng tin bimg nd, vdi sir xudt hifn cua tre dugc ddo tgo nhiiu hem Intemet nhung ty If ngudi lao ddng tiep Tiep cgn ngudn thdng tin ddo tgo nghe can vdi loai hinh thdng tin ndy cung rat cOng Id mgt hgn che Ngudi dugc hdi "tu thip bdi nhttng ly khdch quan va chii biet" dl tiep can vdi ngudn thdng tin vf quan (0,4%) (hinh 2) Hinh Nguon thdng tin ve dao tao nghe (%) • • 7,3 Kh&c 29,1 T v biet • Chlnh quyin dia phirong C i c t6 chi:rc doDn (h£ ^ 6,2 2,5 Tiuimg hoc Thdy c6 giao t,5 Gia dinh, ho h ^ g Ban U , hang xOm Intemet TV bao dai t& roi 14,2 0,4 • 1,5 Ngudn; Vifn Xa hgi hgc Sd lifu dilu tra dl tdi cdp Bd 2011 - 2012 tai Ha Nam vd Tiln Giang 57 Tgp chi Khoa hgc xahdi Viet Nam, sd 9(82) -2014 Ngudi dugc hdi "tu biet" thdng tin ve ddo t£io cd ty If cao nhat ttong cdc ngudn thdng tin dugc hdi d ca nam vd ntt (37,3% ntt so vdi 23,6% nam gidi) Phan tich theo tuoi, ty le "tu bilt" thdng tin vf dao tao nghe eung cao han ed so vdi cdc kenh thdng tin khdc dugc tiep can Nhdm lao ddng tre < 35 tudi (29,2% tu bilt; nhdm 35 44 mdi; 38,1%; nhdm 45 - 54 tudi; 23,9%) Cae ngudn ttg giup de hgc nghe cd vai ttd quan ttgng de ngudi lao ddng cd the thuc hifn dugc hay khdng vifc dao tao cda minh Mac du ty If chenh lfch khdng nhieu, nhimg nam gidi vin duge giup dd nhilu ban ntt dl hge nghi Xem xet d edc tudi thdy khdng cd sir khdc bift ddng ke nao xem xet ve cdc ngudn trg giup dl ddo tao nghi chinh theo tuong quan gidi tinh va dd tudi ngudi dugc hdi Gia dmh, hg hang vin la ngudn giiip dd chii yeu cho dao tao nghe ciia ngudi dugc hdi Tuy nhien, nlu nhdm lao ddng tte < 35 tudi dugc b^n be, hang xdm giup dd nhieu han cdc nhdm khac de ddo tao nghe, ttong dd nhdm 45 - 54 tudi lai nhan dugc su giup nhieu han tu gia dmh, hg hang dl dao tao nghe Ket qud khao sat nam 2012 Vifn Xa hdi hgc tiln hdnh cung cho thay, hdu het ngudi dugc hdi dang tdn t?i mgt tam ly an phan, yen tam khdng can hgc tap, dao tao vd phan dau, khdng cd y dinh thay ddi nghe hifn dang lam Mdt sd it cd du dinh thay ddi thudc nhdm lao ddng ntt tte < 35 tudi, sdng d ndng thdn Hd Nam Hg dua ly chu ylu la thu nhdp vd dai ngd thdp Bang Dy dinh hgc nghe theo gidi tinh vii nhdm tuoi lao ddng (%) Du dinh hgc nghi Co du dinh Khong du dinh Tong Dia ban Thanh Ndng thi thdn 5,8 5,2 94,2 94,8 500 504 Tudi cua ngudi trd ldi < 35 tuli 35-44 14,0 86,0 193 4,6 95,4 303 45-54 554- tudi Chung 2,6 97,4 345 3,1 96,9 163 5,5 94,5 1004 Ngudn: Vien Xa hdi hgc Sd lieu dieu tra de tdi cdp Bd 2011 va Tien Giang Nhan xet chung ve thye tr?ng dao tao nghe eho nien nong thon Viet Nam Ttt kft qud khdo sat cua Vifn xa hdi hgc d Ha Nam va Tien Giang, ed the dua mdt sd nhan xet chung ve dao tao nghe cho nien ndng thdn nudc ta nhu sau: Lao ddng nien d ndng thdn 58 2012 tai Ha Nam hien dang rat thieu thdng tin ve ddo tao nghe Lao ddng ntt gdp nhifu khd khan hem nam gidi vifc tiep can vdi dao tao nghe, bdi cac nghi dao tao thieu da dang de hg lua chgn phu hgp vdi dieu kifn cua ca nhan Mang ludi CO sd day nghi ndi chung da phdt trien, nhung chu ylu tdp trang d dd thi Khu vuc ndng thdn, sd Bdo tgo nghe cho niin lugng CO sd d?y nghi rit it, quy md day nghe nhd, hodc cd thi difn tieh it, thilu xudng thirc tap thuc hdnh Cdng tdc dao tao nghi cho lao ddng nien ndng thdn ttong thdi gian qua chua dugc coi ttgng diing mttc, cdc ca chf, chinh sach vl day nghi cho lao dgng ndng thdn chua dugc thuc su quan tdm Cung vdi la cdng tde du bdo eua thi tradng lao ddng qua thilu, khdng day dii va kip thdi khien ngudi lao ddng lung tung vifc lua chgn nghi, tim kiem vifc lam sau hgc nghe Dieu gidi thich tai eho den vdn cd hon 70% ddn sd sdng tai cdc viing ndng thdn vd cd tdi 50%) dan sd vin cdn sdng phy thugc vao cae ho?t dgng ndng nghifp, ty trgng gia tri sdn xuit ndng nghifp dang ngdy mdt gidm xudng GDP eua cd nudc Nang cao chat Iirgng dao tao nghe cho nifn ndng thon Vift Nam Thti nhdt, tdng cudng cdng tdc truyen thdng Dilu dd giup lao dgng tre d ndng thdn ed thi nim bat dugc cdc thdng tin edn thilt vl dao t?o nghi, cd co hdi lua chgn, dao tao cae nghe phu hgp cho bdn thdn Bfn canh dd, can phdi thay ddi quan dilm nhim day manh cdng tdc xa hgi hda cdng tde dao tao nghe, tradng dao tao nghi cho lao ddng ndng thdn; im tifn dao t^io nghf cho nhimg ngudi hd ndng dan bi thu hdi dat ndng nghiep de chuyen sang dit cdng nghifp va dd thi Thti hai, trien khai dgy nghe tgi chd Theo dd, ben canh nhung ngdnh nghi ma Idu da dao tao phdi tang cudng them cdc nganh nghe mdi d ndng thdn, thdng qua vifc phdt huy trift de cdc tiem nang sinh hgc sin cd d dia phuang Tha ba, dtf bdo chinh xdc thi trudng lao ddng, nhu cdu hgc nghe Dieu dd giup cac CO quan quan ly dua quy ho^ch hf thdng dao tao phu hgp vdi timg vung, mien, chudn hda chuang trinh dao tao Ngudi hgc can phdi dugc tu van nghi, dugc thdng tin nghi nao d dia phuang dang cd nhu can, ttanh tinh ttang hgc xong ma khdng cd viec lam; cdn phai biet dugc nhu cau vifc lam d dia phuong; biet dugc chinh sdch va nhifm vu eua ngudi di hgc; biet dugc hgc xong thi ca hdi vifc ldm d dia phuang minh Do vay, su tham gia cua cac nha nghien eiiu trade nha nude trien khai cdc chuang trinh ddo tao nghe nhdm tim hiiu nhu ciu dao tao nghe cua lao ddng ndng thdn, ttong dd ed lao ddng nien la can thiet vd phai Id budc di tien phong Tdi lieu tham khdo Cue Viec lam, Bp Lao dpng - Thtrong binh va xa hpi (2010), Bdo cdo vi tinh hinh tiip nhgn gidi quyit cdc chi bdo hiim thdt nghiip Ihdng ddu ndm 2010 Ha Npi Dang Cpng san Viet Nam (2006), Vdn kien Dgi hgi dgi bieu lodn quoc Idn IhiiX Nxb Chinh trj qu6c gia Ha Npi Nguyen Ti6n Dung, "Bdo tgo nghe cho ndng ddn thdi ky hgi nhdp qudc ti", http://www.molisa.gov.vn/news/detail2/tabid/37l/ newsid/53124/seo/DAO-TAO-NGHE-CHONONG-DAN-TRONG-THOI-KY-HOI-NHAPQUOC-TE/language/vi-VN/Default.aspx Hoang Van Phai (2011), "Dao tao nghe cho lao dpng nong thon a nuac ta hien nay: Van de can quan tam" Tap ch i Kinh le vd D^c bdo, so Vi?n Xa hpi hpc (2012), A a ^ a W w o s d r * ldi cdp Bg (2011 - 2012) tgi Hd Nam vd Tien Giang 59 ...Bdo tgo nghe cho niin cho lao dgng ndng thdn, tap trung vao lire lugng lao ddng nien la rat can thilt Thyc trang dao tao nghe cho nien nong than Viet Nam Nam 2010, ttong sd 20,1 ttifu... nghe cho nien t^i x3 phirdng thugc tinh Ha Nam va Tien Giang Kit qua cudc khao sat Vifn Xa hgi hgc thudc Vien Han lam Khoa hgc xa hgi Viet Nam tiln hanh nam 2012 tai xa phudng thudc hai tinh Ha Nam. .. ty le dat duge la 80%) vao nhung nam sau dd Thanh nien la luc lugng lao dgng ldn cua xa hdi va la ngudn lire quan ttgng eho su nghifp CNH, HDH dit nudc Hang nam cd khoang 1,2 1,6 trieu nif n