NBHICN cuu CHlMH TRI - XAHBI deu nhan manh den "chat Iffpng" eua ngufli lao thffc, efl muc dfch khae ban eon vat chi hoat dflng dflng - iuc Iffpng san xuat Va xua't phat tff thi/c tifln bang ban nang, ngufli fla in sau dau an cia each mang Viet Nam, tff vai trfl quylt dinh eia mInh vao thien nhien bang eac phffong fen nhan to eon ngufli cdng eudc xfly di/ng flat cang hau Tff nhffng chiecriufla,riuddng cia nufle, Bae Ho kfnh yeu fla tffng nhie nhd: Mudn thdi dai hoang so eho din may det, may hd nuijc xfly dffng ehu nghTa xa hfli, tn/flc hit phai efl cia thdi cflng nghiep va la nhffng may ngffcn xa hpi c h i nghTa mfle hien dai la cflng nghe dien tff va ngfffli may (ro Rfl rang, eae quan diem eia Mac, Lenin, Hd bdt) Dfl la sii phat triln cia yeu tfl ngufli, cdn Chi Minh deu khang djnh vai trfl quyel dinh cia vat thi hang van nam "con nhen vSn lam ylu td ngfffli Irong lire lupng san xuat trpng dpng tac cia ngufli thp def va "con ong van lam each mang Qua trinh iao flpng dien nhu I h l nha kien tnie su gioi nha't phai xau hd" bang nhffng nao? Con ngudi bang sffe li/c va tri tue cia minh tang sap eia minh khflng bao gid thay ddi Dau an c l i l tao cflng cij lao flflng va dung cdng cu dc eia cpn ngfffli khdng dffng lai day, ehffng nao tse ddng vao Iff nhien d l tao nhffng san pham eon ngfffli thi ehffng dfl cfln "quyet djnh cai tao til vat chat nham thda man nhu cau eia ban than minh nhien" va ta't nhifln, cac phuong lien eai lao va xa hpi "Trong qua trinh san xuat, ban than eon cang tinh vi, hien flai va nhan len mai mSi ngufli fldi dien vffl thue l l eia tu nhien vfli Iff each la Trong lire Iffpng san xua't, eflng cu lao dpng co mdt lire lupng cia Iff nhifln O l chilm hffu dffpe mdt vai trfl quan trgng, la thudc su chinh phuc thue thi tu nhien vdi mflt hinh thai cfl ipi chp dfli tu nhien cia eon ngufli Vdi muc dfch iudn mudn sdng cia ban than minh, ngucn van dung nhffng lang nang sual vdi giam cffflng dp laoflflng,con sffe Iff nhien eia ban than hp: tay va chan, dau va ngudi dS sflng tao chung d l "ndi dai cac hai ban tay Trong tac dflng vao tu nhien, eon quan" va tang sffe manh co bap cia minh Nhfl 36 ngufli eung iflm thay ddi chfnh ban than minh"(4) ma cflng cu cang duije hoan thien, hien dai, Nhu thi, eon ngudi tham gia vao qua trinh san nd efl I h l thay the hau hit eae thao tae ky thuat xua't vdi tu each la mpt y l u td eua lue iuong san kheo leo eua ngufli, dfl la vai trfl to Idn cia xuat tn/dc hit bang ehinh sffe manh co bap (vat cflng eu lao dpng Tuy nhien, da gpi la cflng eu lao the) eia minh vfl qua Irinh dd Iff nhien tae dgng, nfl khflng I h l cfln d dang nguyen thiy cia tir dflng trd lai lam cho eon ngfffli eang hoan nhien, nfl khdng the hi fldi mfl phai ed sff che thifln vfl In tufl, dung la "iao ddng da sang tao tao cia ngfffli va "chl tao cdng cu lao dgng" ehlnh ban than eon ngucf Trong qua Irinh lao chfnh la dac tn/ng eo ban de phan biet giffa eon dgng, eon ngucn da biln nhffng phan vat chat ngfffli va eon vat Con ngfffli - ehfnh la dflng vat thien nhien cung cap "khf quan nhan lao' cia biet ehe tao cflng cu lao ddng Nhu vay, cdng cu minh d l nhan thffc sau hon, xa hon, ban chat hon iao dflng, y l u td dffpc eoi la "flflng" eua luc lupng ea ITnh vue vi mfl eung nhu vT mfl eia tu nhien, dd san xuat chang qua cung ehi la phan tit nhi6n eung ehlnh la lao dpng sang tao, flae trung cia eon flffpc tri tufl hfla ma thfli, cdng eu lao ddng eang ngufli ma the gifli dflng vat khflng t h i nflo efl dupe, tinh vi, dieu dfl ehffng to ngudi cflng hifln flai, Ro rang, I h l gidi khflng thoa man cbn ngfffli eang taeh xa the gidi tir nhien nen ngfffli da quyel djnh eai lao t h i gifli Trong Con ngufli khflng chi quylt djnh su dfli eia hang van nam eai lao t h i gifli bang lao dgng efl y cflng eu lao dflng ma eon quye't djnh ca qufl trinh van hanh cia ching May mfle, eflng eu du efl hifln dai linh vi den dau, nhung nlu khflng efl eon ngilfli 4^ c.Mae,Tu Ban Phi phdn khoa kinh uehinh tri, gf, (jupg van hflnh cung trd thflnh Vfl ieh se lai Ma^ ' Enghen tuyen tap, tap 3, Nxb Chinh tn Quoc gia Ha Noi, 2002, tr MO 40 , , • , " n-ii, oc IQI giong nhu trang thai nguyen thuy eua ching ma TAP CHf GIAO Dgc LV LUAN-S6 229 (5/2016) NBHICN cuu CHINH TRI-XAHBI thfli Mflt cflng cu lao dflng, mflt eai may dua vflo sd dung vfli muc dfch gi efln thude eon ngufli ngufli vi eon ngfffli Nhu vay eon ngufli dung sffe luc, Iri tufl d l ehi lao, ngudi cung ding sffe iirc tri tufl de van hflnh, de quy djnh muc dfch, dilu dd ehffng to ylu td ngfffli khflng lie nflo "vang mat" d tat ea eae qua trinh chl tao va sff dung cflng eij, d qua Irinh lao dflng Tuy nhifln, phai Ihffa nhan rang, eflng cu lao ddng la ylu td quan Irpng khdng Ihl thilu dffpc qua Irinh san xuat la thfffle flo Irinh flfl ehinh phuc 111 nhien cia eon ngudi, flau Sn cia nfl dupe d l lai Irfln ta't ca mpi chang duflng ijch sff - xa hfli Enghen viet: Cai cdi xay quay bang tay se dfl mdt xa hdi efl lanh ehia phong kiln dffng dau, efln eai edi xay ehay bang hoi nufle se de mflt xa hfli cfl tu ban cflng nghiep Hien nay, ehing ta dang budc vao the ky XXI, d dfl cuflc each mang khoa hpe ky thuat va eflng nghe difln tff, da iflm nfln nhffng sir tieh ky dieu, tao nhffng bffflc nhay vpt dflt biln tat ca cflc fnh vi/c san xua't dfli sdng xa hdi Khoa hpc tudng nhu dS iflm "lu md' vai trfl cia ylu td ngufli lire lupng san xuat vaflangtrd mdt li/c iuong ddc lap cd xu hudng quyet djnh van menh eia iofli ngufli !? Khflng phai! Tlie ky XVII - XVIII cudc cflch mang khoa hpc - ky Ihuat Irong the gifli tu ban phflt triln manh, cfl nhilu quan diem eho rang ngudi da bj day lui xuong hflng Ihff yeu luc lupng san xuat Cfln hflm nay, Ihdi flai ma Avin Toffier gpi la lan sflng van minh Ihff 3, bat dau tff thap nien 50 eia the kJ vfli sir dfli eua may Ilnh didn td, ngfffli da budc vflo lan sflng van minh trf lue Khi may tfnh dien tff, edng nghfl Ihdng lin tae ddng vap hau hit cac Inh vuc san xuat ddi sdng, tff tau ngam nguyen td, tau vu tnj eon thoi, khoa hpe quan ly cho din cdng viflc cia cac bfl nfli tro, da dffa eon ngfffli vflo ky nguyen tu dflng hfla, tin hpe hfla Mat khflc, viflc ap dung rflng rai eflng nghfl dien Iff va thdng lin da gflp phan giai phflng phan ifln sffe lao dong, tao sd Iffpng vfl ehat luong san pham eang eao, nfl eung iflm cho ddi tupng lap dpng (phan It nang dflng hon TAP CHi GIAO D g c LY LUAN - SO 229 (5/2015) ii/c luong san xuat) cung phai thay ddi lifln luc Tff nhffng canh rilng hoang da, mflng vffdn cOa nin van minh nflng nghiflp: Than, s i t dau mo eia nen van minh cflng nghiep flln efl nhilu yeu Id da bj day lui xudng hflng thd ylu Nguyen nhan ehfnh su phat triln cia khoa hpe khiln cen ngudi ngfly eang hpan thien cdng cu lap ddng va thay ddi each thffc san xua't da lam "mat gia trj" nhilu yeu td ma ngudi van coi la ddi tupng lap ddng ehi ylu Rdi day, chic chin than vfl dau mc phai "lii xa" cen ngufli hpan Ihien, phd cap nhffng loai thill bi may mfle, cflng cu chay bang dien mat trfli, dien nguyen tff nfl vffa gpn nhe, vffa sach, khflng gfly fl nhilm ma lai tifln Ipi vfl cfl sffe manh hon "nen van minh dng khfli" Tuy vay, khca hge ky thuat oflng nghfl thflng tin hpac cfl thi la cai gi hfln the nffa cQng khflng thoat khoi "ban tay trf tue" eia eon ngfffli Khoa hpe Chang bac gifl la ylu td ddc lap, nfl cGng chi la san pha'm eia eon ngfffli, gin vfli ngudi vfl phijc vu ngufli "COng nhu tat ca efle khoa hpe khflc, tpdn hoc sinh tff nhB-cau thue tiln cia ngudi, tff su dac dien tieh va su dong ludng sffe chffa cia nhffng cfli binh, tff sir tfnh tofln then' gian va chl tao co khf" Nlu khflng xuat phflt tff ngufli, dupc tiln hflnh bdi ngufli vfl vi ngufli Ihi khflng cfl ly gl ma khoa hpe cGng nhu mflt quy tnnh san xuat nflp efl Ihl tdn tai dupc Nhu vay, ngfffli la xuat phat dilm, ia lire iupng ehi dao, la miJC dieh cia qua trtnh san xuat Con ngufli - yeu td quyet djnh nhal cia luc lupng san xuat luy nhien, sir phat triln cia liic lupng san xuat cia ylu td eon ngudi phai gan liln vfli su phat triln eia quan hfl san xuat Lire lupng san xuat ehi cfl thi van dflng, phflt triln trpng mpt phuang thffc san xua't vcri mflt quan hfl song triing day, ehing tdi ehu yeu trinh hfly v l eon ngfffli ylu td quylt fljnh nhat cia lire Iffpng san xuat, ehff tuyet nhien khflng taeh rfli vfl eoi nhe vai trfl cia quan he san xuat - F.Enghen Chdng Buy Rinh, Nxb Sti Thdt, Hd Noi, 1971, tr 65 41 NBHICN cuu CHIHH TRI - XAHBI Khflng chi tff gflc dp ly iuan, ma thilc tiln da ehffng minh nhffng luan diem cia trill hpc Mac LSnin ve ylu td ngfffli la dung dan VI du, Hoa Ky mfli ed Ijeh sff ban 200 nam da la mpt eudng qudc giau efl nhat nhd tap tnjng dupc nhilu nha khoa hpc tff khip thi gifli trdn sang cu tri S flay d l trflnh chi nghTa phat xit Nhat Ban cung dat dupe nhieu tuu ve phat Irien kinh t l , nghien cffu ve kinh t l Nhat Ban, nhilu ngufli chi quan tam tfli tiln eia, may mfle, edng nghe, ky thuat eo sd vat chat hien dai vfl coi dd nhu ia ddng lue chi ylu tao nen mflt Nhat Ban giau cd Nhung chfnh d Nhat ngudi ta khflng nghT nhu vay, hp quan niem mfly mfle, cflng nghfl, ky thuat Ben eda rat quan trpng nhung khdng phai la ylu Id quylt djnh, ma yeu to quyet djnh la ngufli Tff lau hp da bill kit hpp, k l thffa cai tdt nhal cia Odng - Tfly, kim - cd de tao thflnh net riflng dflc dap "Ky thuat phuong Tfly t Tinh than Nhat Ban" Hp cdng bilt chij trpng din chiln lupc phat trien ngufli Xuat phat tff vai trfl quylt djnh cia yeu td ngudi lire lupng san xua't, chung ta can day manh viec xay dung va phat triln ngufli de lam dpng lilc va mue lieu eia each mang.B CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA DAT NUiOrc ^f^mso) cia Nha nuflc Ddi mfli cdng nghfl vfl trinh flfl quan ly; lang nang suat hieu qua, nhat la trpng phat Irien cae nganh eflng nghiep nen tang; phan bd ngufln lire hiflu qua hon Nam la, thuc hien eai eflch hanh chinh theo hudng: Cflc eo quan quan ly nha nfffle hffflng manh v l doanh nghiep va vi doanh nghiep Day manh viflc eai each hanh ehlnh, nflng cap chi sd nang lire eanh tranh cap tinh; nghifln cffu ap dung ehinh quyin dien Iff (e-government) viflc cung cap cae djch vu cdng de bao dam edng khai, minh bach, tao dilu kien thuan Ipi cho doanh nghiep va ngufli dan Tap trung td chffc, triln khai cdng tae quy hoaeh, ke hoaeh, dam bao quy hoaeh phat trien edng nghiep la CO sfl quan trpng djnh huflng phat Irien chp eae cap, eae ngflnh va doanh nghiflp Sau la, day manh nghien cffu va ffng dung khoa hpe eflng nghe Nhanh ehflng ffng dung nhung Ihanh ti/u khpa hpe eflng nghe eia thfli dai di vao nhffng cflng nghfl tifln tiln, hifln dai; khai thac nhffng ngudn luc ben ngoai dd dae biel la ngudn vdn edng nghe kinh nghiem quan ly de thuc hifln edng nghiflp hfla hien dai Say la, flay manh xa hfli hfla hoat dflng dau Iff cho khoa hpc va eflng nghe tang cffflng sir gan ket chat ehe giffa khoa hpe va edng nghe vfli san xuat thie day phat huy sang kiln eai tiln ky thuat 42 d l nflng cap nang luc san xuat va sffe eanh tranh cia nen kinh t l Thffc hien vide dau tu fldi mfli eflng nghfl theo phuong thffc hien dai hfla tffng phan, tffng cflng floan day chuyen san xuat dae biet cac cflng doan ed tfnh quylt djnh din chat IffOng san pham Ddi vfli cac du an dau tu mfli, ke ea dau tff nfffle ngoai can quy djnh ap dung cdng nghe phu hpp, kifln quylt khflng nhap khau cdng nghfl, Ihilt bi lac hau vfl da qua sd dung Tam la, md rdng hop tae qudc t l v l khoa hpe edng nghe, fla dang hoa eae loai hlnh hpp tac de tranh thi Idi da su chuyen giao eflng nghfl hifln dai Iff dfli Iflc nude ngoai eho phat triln cflng nghiep Chin ta, dao tao ngudn nhan lue chat iupng eao eho eflng nghiep hfla hien flai; phat trien nhanh ngudn nhfln luc chat lupng cao, nhat la ngudn nhfln luc flat tieu chuan chat luong khu vuc va qude te Odi mfli ehuong tn'rih dflo tao lai eae vien nghien cffu eflng nghfl, eflng nghidp qudc gia, eac tn/flng dai hpc edng nghiep, edng nghe, truflng day nghe ky thuat; gin kit chat ehe giffa phflt triln ngudn nhan luc vfli phflt triln va ffng dung khoa hpc, cflng nghfl Tffng bffflc hinh thflnh dpi ngu can bp khoa hpe, ky Ihuat va quan trj doanh nghiep efl trinh dp chuyen mdn, nghiep vu xffng lam qudc tl Tang cffflng dflo tao nghfl cho lao dflng, dac biflt ia lao dflng ky thuat cao.B TAP CHl G I A O OUC LV IUAN - SO 229 (5/2015) ... ngufli Xuat phat tff vai trfl quylt djnh cia yeu td ngudi lire lupng san xua't, chung ta can day manh viec xay dung va phat triln ngufli de lam dpng lilc va mue lieu eia each mang.B CONG NGHIEP HOA,... ylu td ddc lap, nfl cGng chi la san pha'm eia eon ngfffli, gin vfli ngudi vfl phijc vu ngufli "COng nhu tat ca efle khoa hpe khflc, tpdn hoc sinh tff nhB-cau thue tiln cia ngudi, tff su dac dien... Nhu vay, ngfffli la xuat phat dilm, ia lire iupng ehi dao, la miJC dieh cia qua trtnh san xuat Con ngufli - yeu td quyet djnh nhal cia luc lupng san xuat luy nhien, sir phat triln cia liic lupng