AN SINH XA H O I ASEAN AN SINH XAHOI PHILIPPINES STUTHUHANG BAN HOP TAC QUdC i t BHXH VlfT NAM Philippines co dien tich 300.000 km2, dan so vac l(hoang hcfn 91 trieu ngucri, ngucri Ma lai Thien chua giao chiem 91,5%, ngudi Ma lai Hoi giao 4%, ngUdi Hoa 1,5% va c^c dan toc l(hac (3%) Cung nhu cac quoc gia Ithac tren the gidi, de tfl on djnh l(inh te - xa hpi, Philippines rat chu phat trien he thong An sinh xa hgi, to chuic va thuc hien thong qua cac co quan chu chot nhu He thong Bao hiem cfiinh phu Philippines (G5IS), Dy ban f)en bu cho ngucri lao dong Philippines (ECC), Ccf quan BHYT Philippines (Philhealth hay PHIC), He thong An sinh xa hoi (SSS) Hd thdng Bdo hiem Chfnh phO Philippines (GSIS) ^ He thdng Bdo hiem Chfnh phO dupc lap theo Luat Lidn bang (CA 186), thdng qua vdo ngdy 14/11/1936, nhdm thuc day tinh hieu qud, phQc loi cho ngudi lao ddng lam vide eho Chfnh phu vd dd thay the he thdng hUu trf cua gido vidn, ngudi Idm vide linh vue y td, cdng an Vdi vdn khdi didm Id 200.000 peso vd 58 nhdn vidn, GSIS dd bdt dau di vdo hoat ddng tQ ngdy 31/05/1937, chu'c ndng chinh Id cung cap chd dp bdo hiem nhdn thp bdt bude cho tdt cd cdc cdn bd Idm viec ddi han vd thudng xuydn cho chfnh phO lidn bang Ngdy 16/06/1951, Luat HUu tri (RA 660) vd Ludt Bdo hilm bdt dpng sdn (RA 656) dupe ban hdnh Ludt RA 660 da sQa ddi ludt CA 186 vd ddt didu khodn bdt budc vd chd dp hUu trf ddi vdi vien chu'c Chfnh phu Quy Bdo hiem bdt ddng sdn (sau dd dupc ddi tdn Quy Bdo hilm chung) dupc giao cho GSIS qudn ly TQ do, GSIS cd nhiem vu cung cap che dp bdo hiem ddi vdi tai sdn va bat dpng sdn cOa Chfnh phO Ludt HUu trf khdng bdt bude (RA 1616) duac thdng qua vdo 31/05/1957 di chi trd cdc ehe dd hUu trf (dupc ehi trd bdi chu sQ dung lao ddng cudi cung) vd hoan lai khodn phf bdo hiem eho ngudi da tham gia ddng bdo hidm ft nhat 20 ndm Qi tiep can tdt vdi cdc vien, tQ nam 1957, GStS lap cde van phdng khu vUc Oen nay, GSIS dd ed 27 chi nhdnh vdi 2681 can bd dd 57% Idm viec tgi ea quan Trung UPng vd 43% lam vi^c d cdc chi nhdnh Mdt nhflng ^eu ludt ddng chu y nhdt da sQa doi Dieu Id ve GSIS la Nghj djnh 1146 cOa Tdng thdng dd dUpc ban hdnh vdo ngdy 30/05/1977, nhdm tdng cdc che dd ehdm sdc y te, hUu trf; md rdng chd dp mdt sQc lao ddng; thuc hidn cac chd dd dm dau, tQ tudt Ludt ndy cung cung cap che dp bdo hiem cho todn thd vidn chflc Chfnh phfl md khdng tfnh ddn tinh trang lao ddng cOa hp Thdng 06/1997, Ludt GSIS 1997 (RA 8291) da dUpc thdng qua, cung edp chd dd bdo hiem bdt bude cho tat cd cdc vien chQc Chfnh phfl Trong ludt mdi ndy, nhQng quy djnh ve che dd mat sQc lao ddng cijng dupc ndi Idng; cdc che dp ly hdn, that nghidp cung dupc trien khai Hien nay, GSIS Id mpt sd cdc co quan hoat ddng hidu qud nhat cua Chfnh phO Dy ban Din bit cho ngUdi iao ddng Philippines (ECC) Uy ban Den bO cho ngQdi lao ddng (ECC) dQpc thdnh ldp vdo ngdy 01/11/1974 theo Nghj djnh 442 cfla Tdng thdng (PD 442) hay Bd •http://tapctiibaohiemxahoi.gov.vn 27 AN SINH XA H O I ASEAN hai, giup dd ngUdt ddn todn chi phi chdm sdc y td todn dien Medicare gdm hai ehuong trinh gpi Id ChQong trinh eham sdc y te I (MPI) eho ddi tuang duac trd IQdng thQdng xuyen va cd hc^ dpng chfnh thQc, la cae thdnh vidn eOa Hd thdng An sinh xa hdi (SSS) va He thdng Bdo Cd quan BHYT Philippines hiem Chfnh phu (GSIS) ChQdng trinh chdm sdc y te II (MRU) dupc (PhilHealth) Ngay 04/08/1969, Luat Cdng xdy diing cho eae ddi tupng hda (RA) 6111 hay edn la Luat thupc khu viic phi chfnh thflc Chdm sdc y te Philippines da hoac ddi tUdng tii tao viec Idm, duac phe duyet Ludt ndy da lap khdng phdi la thdnh vidn cOa hai Chuang trinh Cham sdc y te va hd thdng GSIS va SSS Chuang Oy ban Cham sdc y td Philippines trinh I dupe thue hidn trflde (PMCC) Tuy nhien, ehuong trinh 11 Chuong trinh I chfnh thflc bat ddu thiic hien tfl - DUa cac chfnh sach va 09/08/1971, Ludt ndy mdi dupe thdng 01/1972 cac vidn hudng ddn ve vide cdi thidn thuc hien bdng sU lap Hpi cOa GSIS va SSS bdt ddu tham gia ddng Cao Ci y gdm 09 thanii vien, ChQdng trinh Odn bu eho ngQdi vdi ChO tich Id Tien sT Pacifico E ddng gdp vao Quy BHYT thdng lao ddng; qua vide khau trQ bdt budc vao - Xem xdt va gidi quyet nhflng Marcos Nhiem vu cOa Hdi ddng tien lUdng bdt budc Hai co quan khieu nai vd ddn bO eho ngudi lao Cao Oy la qudn 1^ Chuong trinh trdn thu cdc khodn ddng gdp; ddng md khdng dQpc cdc he Chdm sdc y te Philippines (Medicare), thiic hien chfnh sdch qudn ly, thu nhap cdc ngudn quy; thdng (SSS vd GSIS) gidi quyet; ed trdch nhidm xQ ly, didu chinh, - Di xuat cac chfnh sdch va cung cap "cdc djch vu y td todn chi trd chi phf cho cac benh vien, chUPng trinh hUdng tdi an todn didn" eho ngudi ddn, phu hpp vdi bdc sT vd nhQng djch vu ehdm sdc nhu edu ed nhan cOa ngUdi benh lao ddng, sflc khde nghd nghidp y te md cac vien dd sfl vd phdng ngQa tat nan mdi thdng qua viec sil dung cdc cd sd dijng y te cOa Chfnh phO vd tQ nhdn, ket trudng ldm vide ECC Id CP quan tnic thudc Bd hpp vdi vide thu ddng gdp BHYT Trong ndm 1978, de bdo ddm Lao ddng vd viec Idm (DOLE), cOa ngQdi ddn chat lupng cham sdc y te cho Bd trUdng Bd Lao ddng vd vide TrQde tien Medicare eung cap benh nhdn, PMCC dd nghi tdi vide Idm Id ChO tjeh, Oy ban gdm 07 chd dp cham sdc y td eho ngUdi ehinh sfla lai dieu luat thdng thdnh vidn Id cdc lanh dao He ddn Philippines theo mdt cdch qua Nghi djnh 1519 cCia Tdng thdng An sinh xd hdi (SSS), He tien tidn, cd nghTa la tiet tcidm va thdng Mdt nhQng thay ddi thdng Bdo hiem Chfnh phO khd ndng cOa qudc gia Thfl cOa Oy ban dUa Id han chd viec md them cdc cd s6, ngQdi hanh nghe y td vd nha khoa Mdt sd cac quydt djnh, chl thj cOa Tong thdng cung dd dupc ban hdnh di md rdng quydn lpi vd didn bao phO NhQng nam dau thap nien 80, quyen Ipi cho ngUdi dUdc hudng che dp thai sdn tai bdnh vidn, thQc dn lidng ngay, phdng d dupc md rdng, ehUdng trinh ndy da phdt trien ddu dan d cd hai he thdng, GSIS va SSS.' ludt Lao dpng Philippines va ed hidu liie tQ 01 /OI /1975 theo Nghi djnh PD 626 ECC Id ed quan dupc lap dd thiie hien ChUdng trinh Ddn bi^ eho ngUdi lao ddng (ECP), eung cap gdi quyen Ipt cho ngUdi lao ddng khu vUc cdng, khu vuc tU nhan va cho cd ngUdi phu thudc nhQng trUdng hpp dm dau, tai nan lao ddng, mat sflc lao ddng hoac chet La cd quan thiic hidn ChUdng trinh Ddn bu cho ngQdi lao ddng, ECC dUpc Oy nhidm cung cdp khodn ddn bti phu hop cho ngUdi lao ddng Dudi day Id nhQng chflc nang ehfnh cOa ECC: (GSIS), ChO tjeh Co quan BHYT Philippines (PhilHealth), Giam ddc didu hanh ECC, todn the eac thdnh vien duang nhidm va hai vien dai didn cho chO sfl dung lao ddng, ngUdi lao ddng dupc Tong thdng bo nhiem nhidm ky06nam Hd thong An sinh xa hoi Philippines (SSS) Cliinh thQc di vao hoat ddng tQ 01/09/1957 theo Ludt Cdng hda 1161 (Ludt An sinh xa 28 Tap chl BAO H I I M XA Hdl ky 01 thing 6/2015 AN SINH XA Hdl ASEAN hdi nam 1954) Theo dd, cd 04 che dp la to tudt, mdt sflc lao ddng, dm dau va huu trL Chd to tuat vd mat sQc lao ddng dUdc dp dung ludt ndy dUdc thlic hien, chd dd dm dau vd hQu trf thi chi duac dp dyng sau mdt hodc hai ndm cde thdnh vien da cd du thdi gian tham gia ddng bdo hidm trudc dd Vao nhQng nam 1960, Philippines vdi nen kinh td phdt trien vd ddn sd gia tdng da tao nhQng thdch thflc ddi vdi SSS Oe hodn nhidm vu bdo ddm An sinh xd hdi, SSS dd cOng c6 quy bdng cdch md rdng sd lUpng vidn, cung cap cac djeh vu vd chd dp bd sung Do do, ngodi tru sd chfnh d thdnh phd Queddng, SSS cdn l$p cde vdn phdng khu vUe vd tinh Dien bao phO cung dd dupc md rdng den iao ddng ndng nghiep va nhdn vidn cOa cdc Chfnh phO nUde ngodi hodc cdc td chQc qudc te theo thda thudn vdi Chfnh phO Philippines Ve cdc chd dd, SSS mang tai sti bdo ddm de ddi phd vdi trudng hpp dm dau, tdn tat, cdn ngQdi nghl hQu, mat sQc lao ddng hodn todn hode vTnh vien thi dQpc nhan tien trp cdp hdng thdng SSS cOng cung cdp cde khodn cho vay iQOng, nhd d, hpe tdp vd khodn cho vay Qng phd vdi thidn tai dd ddp Qng nhQng nhu clu dang ngdy cdng gia tdng cCia cdc thdnh vidn Trong ndm 1969, Lu$t Cham sdc y td cOa Philippines (Medicare) cung da duac thdng qua de ddp Qng nhQng nhu cdu ndm vidn vd y td cho cdc thdnh vidn nhUng den nam 1972 mdi bdt ddu thiic hidn Mac dO cd nhQng thay ddi vd ehfnh sdch nhQng ndm 1970 nhQng SSS van tri tdt hoat ddng bdng cdeh md rdng didn bao phO gdm tham gia tii nguyen Id ngUdi lao ddng Philippines dugc doanh nghidp nQdc ngodi tuyen dyng Idm vide t?i Philippines vd trd em ngodi gid thO Mdt quy bdo hidm nhd nQdc vd ddn bu cho ngQdi lao ddng mdi dupe ldp, thay thd cho Oy ban den bCi cho ngUdi lao ddng cu trude day Ngoai vide thUc hidn cdc che dd tien mat eho thdnh vien cOa SSS bj tai nan lao ddng hoac qua ddi, quy ndy cdn thlic hien viec todn cdc djch vu phyc hdi sQc khde Trong nhQng ndm 1970, SSS da ba lan tang t^ le ddng gdp d l bat kjp vdi sd iQpng vien vd khodn tien che dd eho cac thdnh vien dang gia tang TrUdc tien, SSS tdng ty le ddng gdp Idn 1% vao ngdy 01/01/1974, tQc la tQ 6% ddn 7%, sau mQc ndy dQpc tang len 7,4% vdo ndm 1978 va vao nam 1979 thi tdng len thdnh 8,4% SSS cung dd tang khodn ddn bu tdi da tfl 500 peso len 1000 Peso dd hd trp cho viec tdng cde mfle ehe dp Cac che dp mdi nhu trp cap mai tdng, tQ tuat hdng thang va cdc che dp nghi thai sdn cung dd dupc thQc hidn.a (Tiiptheo trang 22} nghidn cflu danh ldn kinh phf hang nam thflc viec tuydn truyen ^hfnh sdch BHXH tu nguyen d^jigudi dan biet tham gia ^ Cu the hda vlec ho trd|igudl dan tham gia BHXH tU nguydn thdng qua viec ho trp phf ddng BHXH tu nguydn d mdt mflc nhdt dinh nhdm bdo ddnjtfnh P ^ tjdng, nhidn, i^tfdn nhQng ddi tupng d§ bj tdn thUdng nhu ngudi nghdo, edn nghdo, ngU^.thu nhdp thdp, ngudi khuydt tdt, ngudi ddn tdc thidu sd, lao dpng ndng nghidp, ndng thdn dd nhQng ngUc^ thyc su cd nhu clu tham gia, h$ cd tliu nhdp dn djnh, song thu nhdp eOa ho cdn han chd, chua dfl kinh phf de tri vi^c ddng BHXH tU nguydn cd ed hdi tham gia Tuy nhien, cdn trdnh vide hd trp cdo bSng, khdng dO sQc khuydn khfch ngudi ddn tham gia hodc hd trd qud mflc tao viec ^ lai, trdng chd vdo su hd trd cOa Nhd nudc Tidp tuc dc^ gidn cdc thfl tye hdnh chfnh cdc ca Iquantung cdp dich vy cdng ddc bt^t ddi vdi Ngdnh BHXH cdn bdo ddm viic giao djch "mdt cQa", Qng dung tdi da cdng nghd thdng tin giao djch hanh ehfnh, tidp tyc ndng cao chdt lupng d0i ngu cdn bd de ddp Qng ngdy mdt tdt hon nhu cdu tham gia BHXH ty nguydn cOa ngudi lao ddng ndi rieng vd ngfldi ddn ndi chung Cdc ngdnh Lao ddng ThUdng binh vd Xd hdi, Tdi chfnh, BHXH cdn ngbi^cflu xdy dung di dn hd trd nguc^ ddn tham gia BHXH tQ nguydn, dd cin t|p trung vdo cdc nOi dung vd tuydn truydn, ndng cao nang ly'e eho ddi ngu cdn b0 thuc hidn, hd trp ddi tUdng tham gia ve phf ddng gdp dinh kir Tang cfldng hon nQa \idc nghidn cQu nhu cdu tham gia, ddnh gid khd ndng tham gia cOa ngudi lao ddng ndi ridng vd ngudi ddn ndi ehung di tidp tuc hodn thidn he thdng chfnh sdch cd lidn quan ngdy mdt phfl hdp hdn vd hdp ddn ngudi ddn viec tham gia BHXH tu nguydn.B -•http://tapchibaohiemxahoi.gov.vn 29 ... thong An sinh xa hoi Philippines (SSS) Cliinh thQc di vao hoat ddng tQ 01/09/1957 theo Ludt Cdng hda 1161 (Ludt An sinh xa 28 Tap chl BAO H I I M XA Hdl ky 01 thing 6/2015 AN SINH XA Hdl ASEAN hdi... lao ddng Dudi day Id nhQng chflc nang ehfnh cOa ECC: (GSIS), ChO tjeh Co quan BHYT Philippines (PhilHealth), Giam ddc didu hanh ECC, todn the eac thdnh vien duang nhidm va hai vien dai didn cho... tjeh, Oy ban gdm 07 chd dp cham sdc y td eho ngUdi ehinh sfla lai dieu luat thdng thdnh vidn Id cdc lanh dao He ddn Philippines theo mdt cdch qua Nghi djnh 1519 cCia Tdng thdng An sinh xd hdi