868 Handbook of Medicinal Herbs Aralia quinquefolia var notoginseng Burkill, Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F H Chen ex C Y Wu & K M Feng), 732 Tiger Lily (Devil Lily); Lilium lancifolium Thunb (Synonym: L tigrinum Ker Gawl), 733 Tobacco; Nicotiana tabacum L (Synonyms: N chinensis Fisch ex Lehm., N tabacum var macrophylla (Lehm.) Shrank), 734 Tomato; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., 735 Tonka Bean (Dutch Tonka Bean, Tonga Bean); Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd (Synonym: Coumarouna odorata Aubl.), 736 Tormentil, Cinquefoil; Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch., 736 Tragacanth (Gum Tragacanth); Astragalus gummifer Labill (Synonym: Astracantha gummifera (Labill.) Podlech), 737 Trailing-Arbutus (Gravelroot, Mayflower); Epigaea repens L., 737 Traveler’s Joy (Old Man’s Beard); Clematis vitalba L., 738 Tree-of-Heaven, Stinktree (China Sumac, Varnishtree); Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Synonyms: A cacodendron (Ehrh.) L’Hér., A giraldii Dode, A glandulosa Desf., A vilmoriniana Dode, Rhus cacodendron Ehrh., Toxicodendron altissimum Mill.), 738 Tree Peony (Moutan Peony); Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews (Synonyms: P arborea Donn, P moutan Sims), 738 Trout Lily (Amberbell, Yellow Adder’s Tongue); Erythronium americanum Ker Gawl, 739 Tuliptree (Canary Whitewood, Tulip Poplar, Yellow Poplar); Liriodendron tulipifera L (Synonyms: L tulipfera f aureo-marginatum (Dippel) Schelle, L tulipfera f integrifolium (G Kirchn.) Schelle), 740 Tupa; Lobelia tupa L., 740 Turmeric (Indian Saffron); Curcuma longa L (Synonym: C domestica Valeton), 740 U Unicorn Root (Agueroot, Colicroot, Crow Corn, Mealy Star-Grass, Mealy Starwort); Aletris farinosa L., 745 Upland Cotton (American Cotton, American Upland Cotton, Bourbon Cotton, Cotton); Gossypium hirsutum L (Synonyms: G hirsutum subsp latifolium (Murray) Roberty, G hirsutum var punctatum (Schumach & Thonn.) Roberty, G jamaicense Macfad., G lanceolatum Tod., G mexicanum Tod., G morrillii O F Cook & J Hubb., G palmeri G Watt, G punctatum Schumach & Thonn., G purpurascens Poir., G religiosum L., G schottii G Watt, G taitense Parl., G tridens O F Cook & J Hubb.), 745 Usnea; Usnea spp (Not in GRIN), 746 Uzara; Xysmalobium undulatum (L.) R Brown (Synonym: Asclepias undulata L.), 746 V Valerian (Common Valerian, Garden Heliotrope); Valeriana officinalis L., 749 Vanilla (Bourbon Vanilla); Vanilla planifolia Jacks (Synonyms: Myrobroma fragrans Salisb., Vanilla fragrans auct.), 751 Velvetleaf; Cissampelos pareira L., 751 Venus Flytrap; Dionaea muscipula J Ellis, 752 Vervain; Verbena officinalis L., 753 Vetiver, Khus Khus (Cuscus Grass, Vetiver Grass); Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (Synonyms: Anatherum zizanioides (L.) Hitchc & Chase, Andropogon muricatus Retz., Andropogon odoratus Steud., Andropogon squarrosus auct., Andropogon zizanioides (L.) Urb., Phalaris zizanioides L.), 754 Virginia-Creeper, American Ivy (Five-Leaf Ivy, Woodbine); Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch., 755 Virility Vine; Rhynchosia pyramidalis (Lam.) Urb (Synonym: Dolichos pyramidalis Lam.), 756 W Wafer Ash (Hoptree, Shrub Trefoil); Ptelea trifoliata L., 757 Wahoo (Burningbush, Eastern Wahoo); Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq., 757 Wallflower; Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz (Synonym: Cheiranthus cheiri L.), 758 Wall Germander; Teucrium chamaedrys L., 758 Wasabi, Japanese Horseradish; Wasabia japonica (Miq.) Matsum (Synonyms: Cochlearia wasabi Siebold, Eutrema japonica (Miq.) Koidz., E wasabi Maxim., Lunaria japonica Miq., Wasabia pungens Matsum., W wasabi (Maxim.) Makino), 759 Water Avens; Geum rivale L (Not in GRIN), 759 Watercress; Nasturtium officinale R Brown (Synonyms: N nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) H Karst., Radicula nasturtium Cav., R nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Rendle & Britten, Rorippa nasturtium Beck, Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek, Sisymbrium nasturtium Thunb., S nasturtium-aquaticum L.), 760 Handbook of Medicinal Herbs Water Dock; Rumex aquaticus L., 761 Water Dropwort (Hemlock Water-Dropwort, Water Hemlock); Oenanthe crocata L., 761 Water Fennel (Fine-Leaf Water-Dropwort, Water Hemlock); Oenanthe aquatica (L.) Poir (Synonym: Oenanthe phellandrium Lam.), 761 Water Germander; Teucrium scordium L (Not in GRIN), 762 Water Hemlock (Spotted Water Hemlock); Cicuta maculata L., 762 Waterlily; Nymphaea odorata Aiton (Synonym: N maximiliani Lehm., N rosea Raf.), 763 Watermelon; Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai, 764 Water Mint; Mentha aquatica L (Synonym: M palustris Mill.), 764 Waxtree, Japanese Waxtree (Red-Lac, Scarlet Rhus); Toxicodendron succedaneum (L.) Kuntze (Synonym: Rhus succedanea L.), 765 Western Gromwell; Lithospermum ruderale Douglas ex Lehm., 765 Wheat; Triticum aestivum L., 765 White Birch (Canoe Birch, Paper Birch); Betula papyrifera Marshall (Synonyms: B excelsa Aiton, B lyalliana Koehne, B papyrifera var commutata (Regel) Fernald), 766 White Bryony; Bryonia alba L., 766 White Cohosh, Baneberry (Doll’s Eyes, White Baneberry); Actaea pachypoda Elliott (Synonym: Actaea alba auct.), 767 White Deadnettle; Lamium album L., 768 White Hellebore (European White Hellebore); Veratrum album L (Synonym: V lobelianum Bernh.), 768 White Horehound (Horehound); Marrubium vulgare L., 769 White Lily, Madonna Lily; Lilium candidum L., 771 White Mulberry; Morus alba L (Synonyms: M alba f tatarica Ser., M alba var constantinopolitana Loudon, M alba var multicaulis (Perr.) Loudon, M indica L., M multicaulis Perr.), 772 White Mustard; Sinapis alba L ssp alba (Synonyms: Brassica alba (L.) Rabenh., B hirta Moench, Sinapis alba cv melanosperma Alef.), 773 White Pine (Eastern White Pine, Weymouth Pine); Pinus strobus L (Synonyms: P strobus f prostrata (Rehder ex Beissner) Fernald & Weath.), 774 White Spruce, Fir (Norway Spruce); Picea abies (L.) H Karsten, 774 White Willow; Salix alba L (Synonyms: S alba f chermesina (Hartig) Rehder, S alba var britzensis Späth), 775 869 Wild Cherry; Prunus serotina Ehrh., 776 Wild Dagga (Lion’s Ear); Leonotis leonurus (L.) R Br (Synonym: Phlomis leonurus L.), 777 Wild Germander (American Germander, Wood Sage); Teucrium canadense L., 778 Wild Indigo (Horseflyweed, Indigo Broom, Rattleweed, Yellow Wild Indigo, Yellow Broom); Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R Br (Synonym: Sophora tinctoria L.), 778 Wild Lettuce; Lactuca virosa L., 779 Wild Mint, Biblical Mint (Horsemint); Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds., 780 Wild Radish (Jointed Charlock); Raphanus raphanistrum L., 781 Wild Sage (Lantana, Red Sage, Yellow Sage); Lantana camara L (Synonyms: L aculeata L., L camara var nivea (Vent.) L H Bailey, L hybrida hort., L nivea Vent.), 781 Wild Sarsaparilla (Virginia Sarsaparilla); Aralia nudicaulis L., 782 Wild Servicetree (Checkertree, Chequers); Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz (Synonyms: Crataegus torminalis L., Pyrus torminalis (L.) Ehrh.), 782 Wild Strawberry (Scarlet Strawberry, Virginia Strawberry); Fragaria virginiana Mill., 782 Wild Sunflower (Great Valley Gumweed, Gumweed); Grindelia camporum Greene (Synonym: Grindelia robusta Nutt.), 783 Wild Teasel; Dipsacus fullonum L (Synonym: Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.), 783 Wild Turnip (Annual Turnip Rape, Bird Rape, Colza, Summer Turnip Rape); Brassica rapa L ssp campestris (L.) A R Clapham, 784 Wild Yam; Dioscorea villosa L (Synonyms: D hirticaulis Bartlett, D villosa var hirticaulis (Bartlett) H E Ahles), 784 Winged Bean, Asparagus Pea (Four-Angle Bean, Goa Bean, Princess Pea); Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC (Synonyms: Botor tetragonolobus (L.) Kuntze, Dolichos tetragonolobus L.), 786 Winged Prickly-Ash; Zanthoxylum armatum DC (Synonyms: Zanthoxylum alatum Roxb., Zanthoxylum planispinum Siebold & Zucc.), 786 Winter Cherry, Chinese Lantern (Japanese Lantern); Physalis alkekengi L., 787 Wintergreen (Checkerberry, Creeping Wintergreen, Mountain Tea, Teaberry); Gaultheria procumbens L., 788 Winter’s-Bark; Drimys winteri J.R & G Forst (Synonyms: D chilensis DC., D winteri var chilensis (DC.) A Gray), 789 Witch Hazel; Hamamelis virginiana L., 790 870 Handbook of Medicinal Herbs Wolfberry (Chinese Boxthorn, Chinese MatrimonyVine, Chinese Wolfberry); Lycium chinense Mill., 791 Wood Anemone (European Wood Anemone); Anemone nemorosa L., 792 Wood Betony (Bishop’s Wort, Purple Betony); Stachys officinalis (L.) Trevis (Synonyms: Betonica officinalis L., Stachys betonica Benth.), 792 Wood Ear, Mu Ehr; Auricularia spp (Not in GRIN), 793 Wood Rose (Baby Wood Rose, Elephant Climber, Silver Morning Glory, Wooly Morning Glory); Argyreia nervosa (Burm f.) Bojer (Synonyms: A speciosa (L f.) Sweet, Convolvulus nervosus Burm f., C speciosus L f., Lettsomia nervosa (Burm f.) Roxb.), 793 Woodruff (Sweet Woodruff, Waldmeister); Galium odoratum (L.) Scop (Synonym: Asperula odorata L.), 794 Wood Sage (Wood Germander); Teucrium scorodonia L., 795 Wood Sorrel (Cuckoo Bread, European Wood Sorrel, Irish Shamrock); Oxalis acetosella L., 795 Wooly Digitalis, Wooly Foxglove (Grecian Foxglove); Digitalis lanata Ehrh., 796 Wormgrass; Spigelia anthelmia L., 796 Wormseed (American Wormseed, Jerusalem Tea, Mexican Tea, Spanish Tea); Chenopodium ambrosioides L (Synonyms: C ambrosioides var anthelminticum (L.) A Gray, C anthelminticum L.), 797 Wormwood (Absinthe, Absinthe Wormwood, Absinthium); Artemisia absinthium L., 798 Woundwort (Hedge Nettle, Marsh Betony, Marsh Woundwort); Stachys palustris L., 800 magna auct., A millefolium subsp borealis (Bong.) Breitung, A millefolium subsp lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper, A millefolium var occidentale DC.), 801 Yaupon; Ilex vomitoria Sol ex Aiton, 802 Yellow Dock (Curly Dock, Sour Dock); Rumex crispus L., 803 Yellow Jessamine (Carolina Jasmine, Evening Trumpet Flower, Woodbine); Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) J St.-Hil.) (Synonym: Bignonia sempervirens L.), 804 Yellow Lupine (European Yellow Lupine); Lupinus luteus L., 805 Yellowroot; Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marshall, 805 Yellow Sweet Clover (Field Melilot, Ribbed Melilot, Yellow Melilot); Melilotus officinalis Lam (Synonyms: M arvensis Wallr., M officinalis var micranthus O E Schulz, M vulgaris Hill, Trifolium officinale L.), 806 Yellow Toadflax, Butter And Eggs (Common Toadflax, Wild Snapdragon); Linaria vulgaris Mill., 807 Yerba Mansa; Anemopsis californica (Nutt.) Hook & Arn (Synonym: Anemia californica Nutt.), 807 Yerba Santa (Mountain Balm); Eriodictyon californicum (Hook & Arn.) Torr., 808 Yew; Taxus sp., 809 Yohimbe; Pausinystalia johimbe (K Schum.) Pierre ex Beille (Synonym: Corynanthe johimbe K Schum.), 809 Yoko; Paullinia yoko R E Schult & Killip, 810 Yucca; Yucca spp., 811 Z Y Yarrow, Milfoil; Achillea millefolium L (Synonyms: A borealis Bong., A lanulosa Nutt., A Zedoary (Kua); Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe; (Synonym: Amomum zedoaria Christm.), 813 .. .Handbook of Medicinal Herbs Water Dock; Rumex aquaticus L., 761 Water Dropwort (Hemlock Water-Dropwort, Water... winteri var chilensis (DC.) A Gray), 789 Witch Hazel; Hamamelis virginiana L., 790 870 Handbook of Medicinal Herbs Wolfberry (Chinese Boxthorn, Chinese MatrimonyVine, Chinese Wolfberry); Lycium... Ribbed Melilot, Yellow Melilot); Melilotus officinalis Lam (Synonyms: M arvensis Wallr., M officinalis var micranthus O E Schulz, M vulgaris Hill, Trifolium officinale L.), 806 Yellow Toadflax, Butter