Z ZEDOARY (Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe) +++ Synonym: Amomum zedoaria Christm Activities (Zedoary) — Antacid (1; PH2); Antiinflammatory (1; COX; FNF); Antimutagenic (1; X3278214); Antipyretic (f; KAB; SUW); Antispasmodic (1; PH2); Antitumor (1; DAA; FNF); Aperitif (f; KAB); Aphrodisiac (f; KAB); Carminative (1; DEP; HDR; SUW; WOI); Cholagogue (f; HDR); Choleretic (1; DAA; FNF; HHB; JAD); Cox-2 Inhibitor (1; FNF; JAD); Demulcent (f; EFS; KAP; WOI); Depurative (f; KAB; KAP); Diuretic (f; EFS; KAP; SUW); Emmenagogue (f; KAB); Expectorant (1; EFS; FNF; KAP); Fungicide (1; PH2); Rubefacient (f; KAP); Stimulant (f; DEP; EFS; SUW); Stomachic (1; DEP; HHB; PH2; SUW; WOI); Vermifuge (f; KAB); Vulnerary (f; KAB) Indications (Zedoary) — Adenopathy (f; DAA; KAB); Alzheimer’s (1; COX; FNF; JAD); Anorexia (f; KAB; PH2); Arthrosis (1; COX; FNF; JAD); Asthma (f; KAB; PH2); Bronchosis (f; DEP; KAB; KAP; PH2); Bruise (f; DEP; KAB; KAP; SUW); Cancer (1; DAA; FNF; X3278214); Cancer, cervix (1; FNF; JAD; PH2); Cancer, colon (1; COX; FNF; JLH; PH2); Cancer, liver (1; COX; FNF; JLH; PH2); Cancer, uterus (1; DAA; FNF); Childbirth (f; DEP; KAB); Cold (1; DEP; FNF; SUW; WOI); Colic (f; HDR); Convulsion (f; KAB); Cough (f; KAP); Cramp (1; PH2); Debility (f; PH2); Dermatosis (f; DEP); Dropsy (f; KAB; UPW); Dyspepsia (f; PH2); Enterosis (f; PH2); Epilepsy (f; KAB); Fever (f; DEP; KAB; SUW); Fungus (1; PH2); Furuncle (f; KAB); Gas (1; DEP; HDR; FNF; KAP; SUW; WOI); Gastrosis (f; PH2); Gonorrhea (f; KAB; KAP); Halitosis (f; KAB); 813 Z 814 Handbook of Medicinal Herbs Hematoma (f; DAA); Hemorrhoid (f; KAB); Hepatosis (f; JLH); Infection (1; PH2); Inflammation (1; COX; FNF; KAB); Jaundice (f; SKJ); Leukoderma (f; PH2); Leukorrhea (f; KAB; KAP); Lymphadenosis (f; KAB); Lymphangosis (f; KAP); Lymphosarcoma (1; DAA; FNF); Malaise (f; KAB); Mycosis (1; PH2); Neurosis (f; PH2); Pain (1; COX; DEP; FNF; SUW); Rheumatism (1; COX; FNF); Sore Throat (f; DEP; KAP); Splenosis (f; KAB); Sprain (f; DEP; KAB; KAP); Toothache (f; KAB); Tuberculosis (f; PH2); Tumor (1; DAA; FNF); Vertigo (f; KAB); Water Retention (f; EFS; KAP; SUW); Worm (f; KAB); Wound (f; KAB; PH2) Dosages (Zedoary) — 1–3 g/day (HHB); 1–2 g powdered root (KAP); 14–28 ml root tea (KAP); 1–1.5 g root/cup water (PHR); 1:4 rhizome:liquid extract (PH2); 300 and 450 mg capsules (PH2) Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Zedoary) — Class 2b (AHP), cautions about excessive use during excessive menstruation Unapproved by KOM “Since the effectiveness for the claimed applications is not documented, a therapeutic use of this herb cannot be recommended” (KOM) I feel that it can serve in lieu of cardamom, ginger, and/or turmeric because it shares many of the same chemicals with them In India, it is even recommended for infants and convalescents Not for use during pregnancy (PH2) Containing up to 0.1% curcumin, this, like turmeric and ginger, may be viewed as a COX-2 inhibitor, of potential use in Alzheimer’s disease, arthritis, and cancer Curcumol and curdione are regarded in the Orient as effective anticancer compounds, especially for cervical cancer and lymphosarcoma Z Reference Abbreviations (Book and journal abbreviations) 60P Desmarchelier and Witting Schaus (2000) AAB Arvigo and Balick (1993) AAR Arndt (1999) ABS Siquera et al (1998) ACN American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (vol 71, 2000) ACT Alternative and Complementary Therapies (e.g., ACT5:330; Alt Compl Therap 5(6):330331) AEH DeSmet et al (1993, 1997) AEL Leung’s (Chinese) Herb News, followed by number and page (e.g., AEL31:3) AHP McGuffin et al (1997) AJC American Journal of Chinese Medicine (vol 25, 1996) AKT Tillotson et al (2001) AMA Alternative Medicine Alert (vol 2(3), March 1999) APA Peirce (1999) APP Acta Physiologica et Pharmacologica Bulgica (vol 16, 1990) ARC Aloe Research Council ATM ATOMS Journal publication AYL Leung (1980), or Leung’s newsletter when followed by numbers BIB Duke (1983) BGB Blumenthal et al (2000) BIS Bisset (1994) BJA British Jouirnal Anesthesiology BJH British Journal of Haematology (e.g., BJH111:359; 2000, vol 111, p 359) BO2 Boik (2001) BPCC Biosyn Prod Cancer Chemotherapy BRI Brinker (1998) BRU Bruneton (1999) CAN Newall, Anderson, and Phillipson (1996) CEB Erichsen-Brown (1989) COX Newmark and Schulick (2000) CRC Duke (1985) CTD Castner, Timme, and Duke (1998) DAA Duke and Ayensu (1985) DAD Duke and duCellier (1993) DAS Davies and Stewart (1990) DAV Duke and Vasquez Martinez (1994) DAW Duke and Wain (1991) DAZ De Lucca and Zalles (1992) DEM Moerman (1998) DEP Watt (1889–1892, reprint 1972) DON Brown (2000) EB Economic Botany 815 816 Handbook of Medicinal Herbs Econ Bot Economic Botany EFS Steinmetz (1957) EJH Hoffman (1999) EMP Economic & Medicinal Plant Research (vol 6, 1994) FAC Facciola (1998) FAD Foster and Duke (1990) FA2 Foster and Duke (2000) FAY Foster and Yue (1992) FEL Felter and Lloyd (1898) FFJ Flavour and Fragrance Journal (vol 6, 1991) FIT Fitoterapia (e.g., vol 64, 1993) FLP Flora of Pakistan (USDA PL480 Project) FNF Father's Nature's Farmacy (online database available at, http://www.ars-grin.gov/duke/) FT Fitoterapia (early abbreviation; later abbreviated FIT) GEO Guenther (1948–1952) GHA Ghazanfar (1994) GMH Grieve (1931) GMJ Grenand, Moretti, and Jacquemin (1987) HAD An Herb a Day; by Jim Duke, published in Business of Herbs, and/or Wild Food Forum HDN Neuwinger (1996) HDR Herbal Desk Reference; online version under my Medical Botany Syllabus (MBS) HD1 Duke (2000) HEG Hegnauer (Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen), Birkhauser Verlag, multiple volumes HFH Herbs for Health followed by JA July Aug ‘99 (1999) HG HerbalGram (followed by number without space; e.g., HG17 HerbalGram no 17) HHB List and Hohammer (1969–1979) HH2 Hager’s Handbuch, 2nd ed., Hansel et al HH3 Hager’s Handbuch, 3rd ed., Blaschek et al HIL Hildegard, translated by Throop, P (1998) HOB Hobbs (1996) HOC Tyler (1994) HOP Duke and Atchley (1986) HOW Duke (1992) HOX Ausubel (2000) IED Duke (1986) IHB Burkill (1966) IWU IWU (1993) IJA Indian Journal of Animal Sciences (59, 1989) IJC International Journal of Cancer Research IJE Indian Journal of Experimental Biology (29, 1991) IJI International Journal of Integrative Medicine (vol 1, no 3, 1999) IJO International Journal Oriental Medicine IJP Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (52, 1990) JAC Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (vol 2, 1996) JAD James A Duke, personal commentary JAF Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry JAM Journal of the American Medical Association (vol 272, 1994) JAMA Journal of the American Medical Association JAR International Journal of Aromatherapy JBH Harborne and Baxter (1983) JBU Aromatherapy: A Place in Herbal Medicine, HerbalGram, Buckle, J (Ed.) Handbook of Medicinal Herbs JE Journal of Ethnopharmacology (vol 29, 1990) JFM Morton (1977, 1981) JLH Hartwell (1982) JLR Journal of Longevity Research (vol 1, no 2, 1994) JN Journal of Nutrition (vol 126, 1996) JNE Journal of Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (vol 7, 1997) JNP Journal of Natural Products (vol 53, 1990) JNS Journal of Nutrition Science, Vitaminol JNU Joseph, Nadeau, and Underwood (2001) KAB Kirtikar and Basu (reprint, 1975) KAP Kapoor (1990) KCH Huang (1993) KEB Bone (1996) KOM Blumenthal et al (1998) (Commission E.) LAB Lawson and Bauer (1998) LAF Leung and Foster (1995) LAW Koch and Lawson (1996) LEG Duke (1981) LEL Lewis and Elvin-Lewis (1977) LIL Living Liqueurs, Duke (1987) LMP Perry (1980) LRN Lawrence Review of Natural Products, looseleaf; periodically updated LRNP Lawrence Review of Natural Products, looseleaf; periodically updated M&I Microbiology & Immunology (vol 44, no 1, 2000) M11 Merck Manual, 11th ed M12 Merck Manual, 12th ed M28 Martindales, 28th ed M29 Martindales, 29th ed M30 Martindales, 30th ed MAB Mills and Bone (1999) MAD Madaus (1976) MAM Miller and Murray (1998) MAP Murray and Pizzorno (1991) MB Blumenthal, personal communicatrion MBB Bajracharya (see AKT; Tillotson’s Nepalese Mentor) MBC Martinez, Bernal, and Caceres (2000) MIC Micmac Module of Duke’s online Medical Botany Syllabus MLM McCaleb, Leigh, and Morien (2000) MPB Mors, Rizzini, and Pereira (2000) MPG Gupta (1995) MPI Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (1976, 1987) NAD Nadkarni (1976) NH Nature’s Herbs, personal communication, Grant or Rich NR Nutrition Reviews (vol 11, 1996) NUT Duke (1989) OMM Oriental Materia Medica (three volumes by Dr Hsu and collaborators) PAM Pizzorno and Murray (1985) PC Phytochemistry (29, 1990) PCF Huang, Ho, and Lee (1992) PDR Physicians' Desk Reference (Ed 45, 1991) PED Pedersen (1998) 817 ... (Ed.) Handbook of Medicinal Herbs JE Journal of Ethnopharmacology (vol 29, 1990) JFM Morton (1977, 1981) JLH Hartwell (1982) JLR Journal of Longevity Research (vol 1, no 2, 1994) JN Journal of Nutrition... DON Brown (2000) EB Economic Botany 815 816 Handbook of Medicinal Herbs Econ Bot Economic Botany EFS Steinmetz (1957) EJH Hoffman (1999) EMP Economic & Medicinal Plant Research (vol 6, 1994) FAC... IJA Indian Journal of Animal Sciences (59, 1989) IJC International Journal of Cancer Research IJE Indian Journal of Experimental Biology (29, 1991) IJI International Journal of Integrative Medicine