UNIT CULTURAL DIVERSITY A/ TÓM TẮT NGỮ PHÁP CÁCH PHÁT ÂM – s HOẶC – es SAU ĐỘNG TỪ HOẶC DANH TỪ Động từ hoặc danh từ thêm –s hoặc –es được phát âm sau: /s/ : sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng những âm vô : /p/, /k/, /f/, /t/ , /θ / (p, k , f , t, ,th ) Ex : laughs, thinks, stops, wants, roofs, physics, paragraphs, moths /ɪz/ : sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng những âm : /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/ (s , x , z , sh , ch , ce , ge , se ) Ex: voices , misses , boxes, breezes , roses , dishes, watches, villages … /z/ : sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng âm còn lại Ex : robs, adds, fills, runs, rings, draws, stirs , lives, logs, trains, beds, wives, Ngoại lệ: / s / : aches / eiks / / z / : weighs , ploughs, clothes … _ CÁCH PHÁT ÂM – ed THÊM SAU ĐỢNG TỪ CĨ QUI TẮC Động từ có quy tắc thêm – ed được phát âm sau: /ɪd / : sau âm / t , d / Ex: wanted, needed, prevented, divided… / t / : sau những âm : /p, k, f, s , ʃ, tʃ / ( ch , p , f , k, s, x , c, sh , gh ) Ex: watched , stopped , laughed , looked , focused , fixed , influenced, finished … /d / : sau những âm còn lại EX: opened, changed, allowed, preserved… Ngoại lệ: /ɪd / : sau tính từ : aged , crooked , naked , learned , wicked , raged… / d / : raised , ploughed, weighed, used , closed , pleased, amused … V EXERCISE 1: attractive traditionally significant determine value contractual attitude trust rejected sacrifice maintain conducted The police never the cause of the man’s death Many women have to interesting carrers for their family She seems to have undergone a change in recently, and has become much more cooperative The rise in interest rates has put up the _ of my investments The ceremony is presided by the Queen He is a liar You can’t a word he says The manager the suggestion that it was time for him to resign They are trying to make the restaurant _ to a wider range of customers She can’t accept the job because she is still under a _ obligation to another company 10 Is there any _ difference between the two products? 11 We always a close relationship with our neighbors 12 The experiments were _ by a group of scientists from different countries 1 EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answer You were to be here an hour ago! Why were you so late? (supposed/ rusted/ rejected/ recorded) They are _ a survey to find out what the sustomers think of their local bus service (investigating/ taking/ conducting/ reviewing) At the end of the movie, the young princess in love with a handsome reporter (gets/ makes/ falls/ feels) Sex before is strongly disapproved of in some countries (marry/ married/ marriage/ get married) Many women _ everything for their children and husband (respond/ sacrifice/ determine/ maitain) EXERCISE 3: Word form What is the (marry) age in your country? In (compare) with their American (part) , young Asians are considered to be less (romance) The spectators cheered in (astonish) when the goal was scored in the very first few minutes of the game The man got sacked right after the boss realized that he was (trust) The scales in front of the court (symbol) justice The Chinese (wide) their eyes to express (angry) whereas the (Europe) regard this expression a sign of (respect) This zone was completely (secure) during the war Few people lived here Although they said nothing, she could sense their _ of her suggestion (approve) Which is more important to you, her intelligence or her (attract) 10 If eye contact is prolonged, it may be considered (respect) 11 She decided to walk home alone too late in the evening (wise) 12 They had a candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage (romance) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 EXERCISE 4: Supply the correct tense or form I think your mother should let you (make) up your mind I am sorry I couldn’t stop when I (see) you the other day I (catch) a train, so I (be) in a hurry We advised me (tell) the truth I can’t go out because I (not finish) my work He wore dark glasses (avoid) (recognize) It’s no good (accuse) me of getting the figures wrong! Do you feel like (go) to a film or would you rather (stay) at home? Look at the crowd! I wonder what they (wait) for He (live) in LD for years and then he ( go) to Edinburgh He made me (repeat) his instructions (make) sure that I understood what I was (do) after he had gone Your eyes are red You (cry)? It (rain) hard We can’t anything until it (stop) My clothes are not in the room They (take) them away You (look) for a long time before you (get) a job? He was often made (drink) milk by his mother When he arrived, I (make) four phone calls Students aren’t allowed (smoke) at school A lot (happen) since I last (see) you As you (not use) your car at the moment, can I borrow it? By the time I (get) to the party, most people (go) home 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 She made her son (wash) the windows before he could go outside (play) with his friends I got my friend (let) me (borrow) her car for the weekend I’m very tired I (drive) over four hundreds miles today I’m busy at the moment I (work) on the computer She was busy (do) homework when I came I (lie) in the bath when the telephone (ring) Cuckoos (not build) nests They (use) the nests of other birds I’d rather (listen) to Elves than the Beatles I was delighted (see) my old friends again Jack made me (promise) (call) him next week It took ages (download) the pictures from the internet We should practice (listen) to English programmes on the radio (improve) listening skill The film (already start) by the time we (get) to the cinema Please go on (write) I don’t mind ( wait) How fast you (drive) when the accident happened? He looked forward to (receive) his first pay packet Before the 1920s, no women (vote) in national elections in the United States When I got home I found that water (run) down the kitchen walls He cannot join his friends until he (finish) the reports for his director Marie Curie and Pierre Curie (award) the Nobel prize for Physics in 1903 EXERCISE 5: Sentence Transformation “Why don’t you put better lock on the door, Barbara”? said John => John suggested Although his both legs were broken in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded => Despite his I haven’t eaten this kind of food before => This is the first The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house => Plans It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday => You “How many survivors are there?”, asked the journalist => The journalist wanted to know It was such rotten meat that it had to be thrown away => The meat was It is essential that Professor Van Helming be met at the airport => Professor Van Helming must You can’t visit the USA unless you have a visa => If you 10 “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet”? asked Peter => Peter asked if 11 She started working as a secretary five years ago => She has 12 She knows a lot more about it than I => I don’t know 13 My French friend finds driving on the left difficult => My French friend isn’t 14 They think the owner of the house is abroad => The owner 15 We didn’t go on holiday because we did not have enough money => If we 16 The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough => The sea was too 17 The mechanic serviced my car last week => I 18 I’m always nervous when I travel by air => Traveling 19 He couldn’t afford to buy the car => The car 20 “Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?” he asked => He suggested UNIT – TEST I/ Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of others A wicked B wanted C needed D filled A stopped B enjoyed C moved D achieved A trust B culture C husband D curtain A law B sport C country D thought A tension B decision C provision D Precision II/ Choose the word that has the stress pattern different from that of the others A recently B conduct C attitude D marriage A approval B attractive C sacrificed D romantic A generation B American C preparation D independent A conical B ancestor C ceremony D traditional 10 A banquet B schedule C diameter D mischievous III/ Choose the underlined word or phrase( A, B, C, or D ) that needs correcting 11 He works as a doctor and he earns twice more than his sister does 12 I will tell Jim about the plan we have agreed on when I will meet him tomorrow 13 Most children enjoy telling ghost stories by their grandmother, especially at night 14 I’ve been being lost one of my keys, I must have dropped it somewhere this morning 15 A large number of Indian men agrees that it is unwise to confide in their wives IV/ Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences 16 She sacrificed her career her children A in B for C on D with 17 If you put your trust me, I will not let you A in / on B on / off C in / down D to / down 18 Had you told me that this was going to happen, I _it A hadn’t believed B don’t believe C would never have believed D can’t believe 19 He’s a voluntary Australian teacher He English in five different countries A teaches B has taught C taught D had taught 20 I’m sorry I wasn’t here earlier but I I could A came as soon as B came if C had come when D had come until 21 Mike is on business in London but he back on Saturday for your party A fly B is flying C will fly D will come 22 I haven’t heard from Maria _ A since many months ago B for many months C for many months before D since a long time 23 I expect to find you _hard when I get back A worked B working C be working D have worked 24 The children appear _about the trip A exciting B being excited C to excite D to be excited 25 My most _experience happened a few years ago A embarrass B embarrassing C embarrassed D embarrassment 26 A (n) family consists of three or four generation living together A big B extended C widened D nuclear 27 Members of our family are very close with each other A love B feeling C connection D relationship 28 We are a survey about how people spend their free time A carrying B working C conducting D performing 29 Women are demanding pay for _ work A same B similar C identical D equal 30 My mother _ her career as a secretary before marriage to become a good housewife and mother A developed B sacrificed C interrupted D continued 31 He was _to leave school because he couldn’t afford the fees A obliged B willing C able D make 32 One of the typical of Vietnamese culture is worshiping ancestors A actions B methods C advantages D features 33 A true friend is someone you can your secret with A tell B report C share D confide 34 Safety should take over all their matters in the workplace A precede B precedent C preceding D precedence 35 What could be more than a wedding on a tropical island? A romance B romantic C romantically D romanticism 36 Had I known more about computer programming _ A I would have worked for a computer company B a computer company offered me a job C I would work for a computer company D a computer company had offered me a job 37 Peter asked me A what time does the film start B what time the film starts C what time did the film start D what time the film started 38 Williams still went to work A although he had a bad cold B in spite his bad cold C despite he had a bad cold D because he had a bad cold 39 It was only later what his story meant A then I comprehended B that I comprehended C did I comprehend D had I comprehended 40 No sooner had the plane landed A when the storm broke B than the storm broke C because of the outbreak of the storm D only when the storm broke V/ READING COMPREHENSION A/ Read the passage and choose the most appropriate word for each blank Throughout the world there are different (41) for people to greet each other In many parts of the world, a handshake is the common form of welcoming and greeting someone In many countries around the Mediterranean Sea, a (42) _kiss on the cheek is the appropriate way to welcome friends and family It can be a very big surprise if you expect to shake hands and get a hug or a kiss instead At (43) , it is difficult to tell what sort of greeting custom is followed People may bow, grab another’s arm or even slap the other person on the back In some places people just smile, look at (44) _ face and say nothing Most of people in the world are (45) of visitors and don’t mind what travelers that seems wrong as long as the visitors are sincere A big part of the pleasure of world travel is experiencing different customs 41 A means B ways C methods D techniques 42 A light B superficial C fast D heavy 43 A first B times C last D once 44 A each other B the others C theirs D the other’s 45 A kind B generous C tolerant D independent B/ Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question The weekends are a time for families in Britain Often the parents are not at work after having worked a five day week from Monday to Friday Saturdays are a busy time for shops with many families going shopping Sunday used to be a very special day of the week in Britain It was the one day of the week for “worship and rest” The shops were closed and most people were at home or at church Popular leisure activities on Sunday used to be going to church and doing odd jobs around the home such as gardening and DIY (Do it Yourself) Until a few years ago shops were not permitted to open on a Sunday Sundays today are becoming like any other day of the week with shops open Some families will now spend their time shopping rather than going to church or they will combine the two activities The most common leisure activities in the UK is watching television Almost all houses have at least one television set The second most popular activity in Britain is visiting or entertaining or relations The British are known as a nation of gardeners Most people have a garden on their property Gardening has been a popular pastime since Roman times Many people in Britain are proud of their houses and gardens They want their houses and gardens to look nice Every town in Britain has one or more DIY centres and garden centres 46 In Britain, people used to A go shopping on Saturdays or Sundays B go to church or stay at home on Sundays C work from Monday to Friday D odd jobs such as gardening and DIY on Saturdays 47 Nowadays, Sunday is A the day when shops are closed B the busiest time for shops with many families going shopping C considered to be a very special day of the week in Britain D a time some families not only go shopping but go to church as well 48 Many British people A only enjoy watching TV B the gardening as their hobby C have their own DIY centres D are proud of their TV sets 49 Which of the sentences is TRUE according to the passage? A Shops in Britain were not permitted to open on a Sunday for a few years B The British are those who spend most of their time visiting their friends C Most people in Britain pay much attention to their houses and gardens D The British are fond of gardening as the Roman 50 The best title for the passage is A Houses and Gardens in Britain B Weekends in Britain C The British’s hobbies D The British’s lives UNIT – TEST I/ Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others A believed B decided C supposed D concerned A determined B shared C agreed D trusted A watched B loved C obliged D valued A discussed B liked C stopped D preceded A arrested B helped C started D decided II/ Pick out the word that has the stress pattern different from that of the others A toward B response C Chinese D certain A student B husband C suppose D value A determine B equality C celebrate D discussion A polite B parent C idea D express 10 A correspond B confidence C difference D similar III/ Choose the underlined part among A,B,C or D that needs correcting: 11 Her latest documentary is primarily concerned in youth unemployment 12 We don’t need to queue because I’ve already buy the tickets 13 She told the doctor that she has suffered from asthma for many years 14 Last weekend Tom has ridden a horse for the first time 15 Ann didn’t used to eat fish, but she does now IV/ Choose the most suitable word or phrase ( A, B, C, or D ) to complete each sentence 16 Laura _ the party because no one her about it A missed / had told B had missed / had told C had missed / told D missed / told 17 _ of all of us who are here tonight, I would like to thank Mr Jones for his talk A On account B On behalf C In person D Instead 18 Jenny and her sister are so that they could almost be twins A likeness B alike C same D the same 19 Nick _ down on the grass while some tourists the ducks A lay / were feeding B had lain / were feeding C was lying / fed D was lying/ were feeding 20 Please stop looking at me like that ! It’s very to stare A courteous B polite C rude D inconvenient 21 Sue said she me but I a call yet A phoned me / haven’t received B phoned me / didn’t receive C had phoned / wouldn’t receive D would phone / haven’t received 22 Learning a language means being in another culture A interested B concerned C engaged D studying 23 As soon as she came in, I knew I her before A have seen B saw C had seen D would 24 In some Asian countries, love is _ to follow marriage A considered B supposed C made D forced 25 You are not _ to answer these questions, but it would help if you did A needed B ordered C suggested D obliged 26 I knew him _ I was a child A until B when C while D during 27 Brenda learning her part for the play A has already been finishing B has already finished C have already finished D already finishes 28 A woman can never have a happy married life without _ her husband A trusting B agreeing C demanding D determining 29 It was difficult to _ a date which was convenient for everyone A elect B organize C arrange D provide 30 You’ll be able to return to your homes when the fire under control A will be B is C are D was 31 I have no that the divorce rate was so high in this country A knowledge B understanding C doubt D idea 32 I am very in the information you have given me A concerned B surprised C interesting D interested 33 After the research , they presented their findings at a conference A had completed B had been completed C completed D had been completing 34 It was impossible for her to tell the truth, so she had to a story A invent B combine C manage D lie 35 By the time we to the camp, it will be dark A get B will get C got D had got 36 He used to jog every morning A He enjoys jogging every morning B He never fails to jog every morning C He doesn’t now jog every morning D He intended to jog every morning 37 I have never felt happier than I now A I felt happier before B I feel happy now C I have never felt happy D I have always felt happy 38 He last had his eyes tested ten months ago A He hasn’t had his eyes tested for ten months B He hadn’t tested his eyes for ten months then C He had tested his eyes ten months before D He didn’t have any test on his eyes in ten months 39 It’s unlikely to rain this afternoon A The afternoon looks like being dry B There’s not chance of rain this afternoon C The afternoon will probably be wet D It will rain this afternoon 40 Someone knocked on the door during my lunchtime A I had lunch when someone knocked on the door B When I had had lunch, someone knocked on the door C I was having lunch when someone was knocking on the door D I was having lunch when someone knocked on the door V/ READING COMPREHENSION A/ Read the passage below and decide which answer best fits each space: You have a chance to live and work overseas, to get to know another culture from the inside It’s a wonderful opportunity, but don’t be surprised if you (41) _ at least some culture shock “ When you’re (42) a new culture, even simple things can throw you You become like a child again, unable to handle everyday like on your own,” says one expert (43) _ culture shock Taking a course in anthropology or intercultural studies is one effective way to (44) _ the effects of culture shock If you can, talk to an expatriate (45) has lived in the country for at least a few years Someone who has been there can alert you to some of the things you’ll need to learn Finally, prepare yourself by learning about culture shock itself 41 A met B experience C go into D suffer 42 A left behind B laid in C put into D fallen in 43 A of B on C for D about 44 A reduce B drop C go down D fall down 45 A he B which C who D whom B Read the passage below and choose the best answer to each question: If you are invited to someone’s house in America for dinner, you should bring a gift, such as a bunch of flowers or a box of chocolates If you give your host a wrapped gift, he / she may open it in front of you Opening a gift in front of the gift-giver is considered polite It shows that the host is excited about receiving the gift and wants to show his / her appreciation to you immediately Even if the host doesn’t like it, he / she will tell “a white lie” and say how much they like the gift to prevent the guest from feeling bad If your host asks you to arrive at the particular time, you should not arrive exactly on time or earlier than expected time, because this is considered to be inconvenient and therefore rude, as the host may not be ready 46 In America, if you are invited for dinner, you should bring as a gift A a bunch of flowers B a box of chocolates C nothing D A or B 47 Opening a gift in front of the gift-giver is considered _ A courteous B rude C appreciative D hospitable 48 Why does the host open the gift in front of you ? A To show his feelings of the gift B To show his gratitude to you C To show his wish for a gift D To show his understanding 49 In America, if you don’t like the gift somebody gives you, you should tell “ a white lie” so as to _ A make him or her uncomfortable B avoid hurting him or her C make him or her feel bad D avoid expressing your real emotion 50 When invited for dinner, you shouldn’t arrive exactly on time because A it may be inconvenient for you B it may take you a lot of time C the host may not be ready D the host may be rude to you ... moment, can I borrow it? By the time I (get) to the party, most people (go) home 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 She made her son (wash) the windows before he could go... too late in the evening (wise) 12 They had a candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage (romance) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 EXERCISE 4: Supply the correct... is flying C will fly D will come 22 I haven’t heard from Maria _ A since many months ago B for many months C for many months before D since a long time 23 I expect to find you _hard