Ngữ pháp Toiec căn bản Ngữ pháp Toiec căn bản CHUYÊN MỤC 1 Thì hiện tại đơn và thì hiện tại tiếp diễn Thì hiện tại đơn (simple present tense) là thì dùng để diễn đạt một hành động mang tính thường xuy[.]
Ngữ pháp Toiec CHUYÊN MỤC 1: Thì đơn tiếp diễn Thì đơn (simple present tense): dùng để diễn đạt hành động mang tính thường xuyên (regular action), theo thói quen (habitual action) hành động lặp lặp lại có tính qui luật, diễn tả chân lý thật hiển nhiên Ví dụ: ➢ I walk to school every day ( Tôi học ngày) ➢ He often plays soccer (Anh thường xuyên chơi bóng đá) Thì tiếp diễn: dùng để diễn tả việc xảy lúc nói hay xung quanh thời điểm nói, hành động chưa chấm dứt (cịn tiếp tục diễn ra) Ví dụ: ➢ I am playing football with my friends (Tơi chơi bóng đá với bạn tơi.) Cấu trúc: Hiện Tại Đơn Affirmative: S+V (s,es) She plays volleyball Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn S + am/is/are + V-ing I am reading a book now S + am/is/are + not + V-ing I am not reading a book now Am/is/are + S + V-ing? Are you reading any books now? Negative: S + not/ does not + V-inf He doesn’t play badminton Interrogative: Do/ Does + S + V-inf? Do you play soccer? Cách sử dụng: Hiện Tại Đơn Diễn tả thói quen, hành động xảy thường xuyên lặp lặp lại Ex: Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn Diễn tả hành động diễn Ex: – – – She goes out every night – What you eat for breakfast every morning? Mia Phạm Page The boys are playing soccer now What is he doing at the moment? Dùng theo sau câu đề nghị, mệnh lệnh Ngữ pháp Toiec – Ex: I go to school on foot – Shhh! There is someone knocking – Keep silent! The students in the next room are having a test Thì cịn dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy (THÌ TƯƠNG LAI GẦN) Ex: Diễn tả chân lý, thật hiển nhiên Ex: – Water boils at 100 degrees Celcius – John comes from America – He is a salesman Diễn tả lịch trình có sẵn, thời khóa – She is coming to Vietnam tomorrow biểu, chương trình – They are moving tomorrow Ex: The ship leaves Pearl Harbor at 11.50pm Lưu ý: Khơng dùng tiếp diễn với Dùng sau cụm từ thời gian when, as soon as câu điều kiện loại động từ nhận thức, tri giác như: to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, Ex: remember, forget, belong to, believe,… Với – I will not believe it unless I see it for động từ này, ta thay Hiện Tại Đơn myself Ex: – If they ask you, tell them you not – I am so desperate now know – He wants to take a break at the moment Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Hiện Tại Đơn – Often, usually, frequently – Always, constantly Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn – Now – Right now – Sometimes, occationally – At the moment – Seldom, rarely – At the present – Every day/ week/ month… – Look! Listen!… Spelling: Hiện Tại Đơn – Ta thêm S để hình thành ngơi số hầu hết động từ Nhưng ta thêm ES động từ có tận o, sh, s, ch, x, z Ex: She learns to swim Mia Phạm Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn – Nếu động từ cuối e đơn bỏ e trước thêm ing (trừ động từ: to age (già đi), to dye (nhuộm), to singe (cháy xém) động từ tận ee Page Ngữ pháp Toiec Ex: blame => blaming – Động từ tận nguyên âm phụ âm nhân đôi phụ âm cuối lên thêm ing Ex: Put => Putting Visit => Visitting – Nếu động từ tận ie đổi thành y thêm ing Ex: die => dying – Nếu động từ tận l mà trước nguyên âm đơn ta nhân đơi l lên thêm ing Ex: level => levelling – Trường hợp ngoại lệ: Người Anh người Mỹ có cách thêm -ing khác ký tự cuối “l” động từ Nếu người Mỹ cần thêm -ing sau mà khơng cần biết dấu nhấn có nằm vần cuối hay khơng cịn người Anh họ sử dụng giống quy tắc 3.2 nêu bên Ex: travel => travelling(ở Mỹ dùng là: traveling) – Nếu động từ tận y đứng trước phụ âm, ta đổi y thành i trước thêm es Ex: – – She tries to learn Japenese She studies at Japan Một số động từ khơng có dạng V-ing Những động từ sau dùng dạng Đơn: • state: be, cost, fit, mean, suit Example: We are on holiday • possession: belong, have Mia Phạm Page Ngữ pháp Toiec Example: Sam has a cat • senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touch Example: He feels the cold • feelings: hate, hope, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish Example: Jane loves pizza • brain work: believe, know, think (nghĩ về), understand Example: I believe you Những từ KHƠNG chia tiếp diễn: Suppose Want 17 Hope 10 Remember Like 18 Forget 11 Realize Love 19 Hate 12 Understand Prefer 20 Wish 13 Depend Need 21 Mean 14 Seem Believe 22 Lack 15 Know Contain 23 Appear 16 Belong Taste 24 Sound Bài tập đơn: My mom always delicious meals (make) Charlie………………………… eggs (not eat) Susie………………………….shopping every week (go) Minh and Hoa to work by bus every day? (go) your parents with your decision? (agree) Where…………………… he………………………from? (come) Where your father ? (work) Jimmy usually the trees (not water) Who the washing in your house? (do) 10 They out once a month (eat) Mia Phạm Page Ngữ pháp Toiec Exercise 2: Mỗi câu sau chứa MỘT lỗi sai Tìm sửa chúng I often gets up early to catch the bus to go to work ……………………………………………………………………… She teach students in a local secondary school ……………………………………………………………………… They doesn’t own a house They still have to rent one to live ……………………………………………………………………… Bui Tien Dung am a famous goalkeeper in the National Football Team ……………………………………………………………………… What your sister do? ……………………………………………………………………… John and Harry doesn’t go swimming in the lake ……………………………………………………………………… Liam speak Chinese very well ……………………………………………………………………… 10 How often does she goes shopping in the supermarket? ……………………………………………………………………… 11 Our dogs aren’t eat bones ……………………………………………………………………… 12 Claire’s parents is very friendly and helpful ……………………………………………………………………… III Chia từ ngoặc It (be)………………a fact that smart phone (help)……………… us a lot in our life Mia Phạm Page Ngữ pháp Toiec I often (travel)……………… to some of my favorite destinations every summer Our Math lesson usually (finish)…………………….at 4.00 p.m The reason why Susan (not eat)……………………….meat is that she (be)…………a vegetarian People in Ho Chi Minh City (be)……… very friendly and they (smile)………………a lot The flight (start)……………… at a.m every Thursday Peter (not study)…………………………very hard He never gets high scores I like oranges and she (like)…………… apples My mom and my sister (cook)…………………….lunch everyday 10 They (have)…………………breakfast together every morning Bài tập tiếp diễn Exercise 1: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc Be careful! The car (go) ………………… so fast Listen! Someone (cry) ………………… in the next room Your brother (sit) ………………… next to the beautiful girl over there at present? Now they (try) ………………… to pass the examination It’s 12 o’clock, and my parents (cook) ………………… lunch in the kitchen Keep silent! You (talk) ………………… so loudly I (not stay) ………………… at home at the moment Now she (lie) ………………… to her mother about her bad marks At present they (travel) ………………… to New York 10 He (not work) ………………… in his office now Exercise 2: Viết lại câu sau dựa vào từ cho sẵn My/ father/ water/ some plants/ the/ garden Mia Phạm Page Ngữ pháp Toiec …………………………………………………………………………… My/ mother/ clean/ floor/ …………………………………………………………………………… Mary/ have/ lunch/ her/ friends/ a/ restaurant …………………………………………………………………………… They/ ask/ a/ man/ about/ the/ way/ the/ railway/ station …………………………………………………………………………… My/ student/ draw/ a/ beautiful/ picture …………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 3: Chia động từ “to be” dạng John and Mandy………… cleaning the kitchen I ………… reading a book at the moment It ………… raining We ………… singing a new song The children ………… watching TV My pets ………… sleeping now Aunt Helen ………… feeding the ducks Our friends ………… packing their rucksacks He ………… buying a magazine 10 They ………… doing their homework Exercise 4: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc He (not read)……………………… magazine at present I (look) for Christine Do you know where she is? Mia Phạm Page Ngữ pháp Toiec It (get) dark Shall I turn on the light? They (stay) .in Manchester with their friends They (build)……………………….a new supermarket in the center of the town Have you got an umbrella? It (start) to rain You (make)………… a lot of noise Can you be quieter? I am trying to concentrate Why are all those people here? What (happen) .? Please don’t make so much noise I (try) to work 10 Let’s go out now It (not rain) any more 11 You can turn off the radio I (not listen) to it 12 Kate phoned me last night She is on holiday in France She (have) a great time and doesn’t want to come back 13 I want to lose weight, so this week I (not eat) lunch 14 Andrew has just started evening classes He (learn) German 15 Paul and Sally have an argument They (speak) to each other Bài tập phân biệt đơn tiếp diễn Bài Chia động từ HTĐ HTTD Where _you (live) ? I (live) in Hai Duong town What _he (do) now? He (water) _flowers in the garden What _she (do) _? She (be) a teacher Mia Phạm Page Ngữ pháp Toiec Where _you (be) from? At the moment, my sisters (play) volleyball and my brother (play) soccer It is 9.00; my family (watch) _TV In the summer, I usually (go) to the park with my friends, and in the spring, we (have) _Tet Holiday; I (be) happy because I always (visit) my granparents your father (go) _to work by bus? How _your sister (go) _to school? 10 What time _they (get up) _? 11 What they (do) in the winter? 12 Today, we (have) English class 13 Her favourite subject (be) English 14 Now, my brother (like) _eating bananas 15 Look! Aman (call) _you 16 Keep silent ! I (listen) to the radio 17 you (play) _badminton now? 18 Everyday, my father (get up) _ at 5.00 a.m, but today, he (get up) at 6.00 am 19 Every morning , I (watch) _tv at 10.00, but today I (Listen) to music at 10.00 20 Everyday , I (go) to school by bike but today I go to school by motorbike 21 Every morning, my father (have) a cup of coffe but today he (drink) milk 22 At the moment, I(read) _a book and my brother (watch) _ TV 23 Hoa (live) in Hanoi, and Ha (live) in HCM City Mia Phạm Page Ngữ pháp Toiec 24 Hung and his friend (play) _badminton 25 They usually (get up) _at 6.oo in the morning 26 Ha never (go) fishing in the winter but she always (do) _ it in the summer 27 My teacher (tell) Hoa about Math 28 There (be) animals in the circus 29 _he (watch) TV at 7.00 every morning? 30 What _she (do) _at 7.00 am? 31 How old _she (be)? 32 How _she (be)? 33 My children (Go) to school by bike 34 We (go) _to supermarket to buy some food 35 Mr Hien (go) on business to Hanoi every month 36 Ha (like) coffee very much, but I (not like) it 37 She (like) Tea, but she (not like) coffee 38 I (love) _ cats, but I (not love) dogs 39 Everyday ,I (go) to school on foot, but today I (go) to school by bike 40 Who you _(wait) for Nam? - No, I _(wait) for Mr Hai 41 My sister (get) dressed and (brush) _her teeth herself at 6.30 everyday 42 Mrs Smith (not live) in downtown She (rent) _in an appartment in the suburb 43 How _your children (go) _to school everyday? Mia Phạm Page 10 Ngữ pháp Toiec Cơng thức q khứ hoàn thành Câu khẳng định Câu phủ định Câu nghi vấn S + hadn’t + VpII S + had + VpII Ví dụ: – He had gone out when I came into the house (Anh ngồi tơi vào nhà.) CHÚ Ý: Had + S + VpII ? – hadn’t = had not Trả lời: Ví dụ: Yes, S + had No, S + hadn’t – She hadn’t come home when I got Ví dụ: there (Cô chưa – They had finished their nhà về.) – Had the film ended when you arrived work right before the at the cinema? (Bộ phim kết thúc – They hadn’t deadline last week (Họ bạn tới rạp chiếu phim phải khơng?) hồn thành cơng việc finished their lunch when I saw them (Họ Yes, it had./ No, it hadn’t họ trước hạn chót chưa ăn xong bữa vào tuần trước.) trưa trông thấy họ) Dấu hiệu nhận biết q khứ hồn thành Trong câu có từ: until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after, for, as soon as, by, before, after, when by, by the time, by the end of + time in the past … – when: Khi Ví dụ: When they arrived at the airport, her flight had taken off (Khi họ tới sân bay, chuyến bay cô cất cánh.) – before: trước (Trước “before” sử dụng q khứ hồn thành sau “before” sử dụng q khứ đơn.) Ví dụ: She had done her homework before her mother asked her to so (Cô làm tập nhà trước mẹ cô yêu cầu cô làm vậy.) Mia Phạm Page 34 Ngữ pháp Toiec – After: sau (Trước “after” sử dụng khứ đơn sau “after” sử dụng khứ hồn thành.) Ví dụ: They went home after they had eaten a big roasted chicken (Họ nhà sau ăn gà quay lớn.) – by the time (vào thời điểm) Ví dụ: He had cleaned the house by the time her mother came back (Cậu lau xong nhà vào thời điểm mẹ cậu trở về.) Bài tập VẬN DỤNG Bài 1: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 When Hoa arrived at the theater, the film (start) He (live) in Laos before He went to Vietnam After Lan (eat) the cake, Lan began to feel sick If he (listen) to me, he would have got the job Linh didn’t arrive until I (leave) After they (finish) lunch, they went out The tree was dead because it (be) arid all summer I (meet) him somewhere before They were late for the flight because they (forget) their passports Linh told me she (study) a lot before the exam The leaf was yellow because it (not/rain) all summer The lamp went off because I (not/pay) the electricity bill Hoa (not/do) her homework, so she was in trouble She (not/eat) so we went to a restaurant I couldn’t go into the cinema because I (not/bring) my tickets He said that He (not/visit) the US before Hoa and Lan (not/meet) before the exam I (not/have) lunch when she arrived She (not/use) smartphone before, so I showed her how to use it Linh (not/study) for the exam, so she was very anxious PART 2: They (come) …………… back home after they (finish) ………………… their work She said that she ( meet) …………………… Mr Bean before Mia Phạm Page 35 Ngữ pháp Toiec Before he (go) ………………………… to bed, he (read) ………………………… a novel He told me he (not/wear) ………………………… such kind of clothes before When I came to the stadium, the match (start) ………………………………… Before she (listen) ………………… to music, she (do)…………………… homework Last night, Peter (go) ………………… to the supermarket before he (go) ………………… home After taking a bath, he (go) ………………………… to bed He told me he (not/eat) ………………………… such kind of food before 10 When he came to the stadium, the match (already/ begin) ………………………………… 11.Before she (watch) ………………… TV, she (do)…………………… homework 12.What (be) …………… he when he (be) ……………… young? 13.After they (go) ………………………, I (sit) ……………… down and (rest) …………… 14.Yesterday, John (go) ………………… to the store before he (go) ………………… home 15 She (win) ……………………… the gold medal in 1986 16 Our teacher (tell) …………… us yesterday that he (visit) …………… England in 1970 17 Alan (have)……….hardly(prepare)……… for dinner when her husband (go) …… home 18 No sooner (have)…………….I (watch)…………… TV than the phone (ring)………… 19 Before I (watch) ……………… TV, I (do) ………………………… my homework 20 After I (wash)………………………….my clothes, I (sleep) …………………………… 21 “ It is the first time I have eaten sushi” , said Bill → Bill said it (be) ……… the first time he (eat) ……………… sushi 22 “ I broke my glasses yesterday”, said Lan → Lan said that she (break) ………………………………… her glasses the day before Mia Phạm Page 36 Ngữ pháp Toiec 23 I couldn’t attend the evening classes because I worked at night → If I (not work) …………… at night, I (attend) ………………… the evening classes 24 I didn’t have a laptop so I wish I (have) ……………………… a laptop 25 You didn’t stay home I would rather you (stay) …………… home Bài tập tổng hợp QKD-HTHT-QKHT Put the verb in brackets in the Past simple, Past perfect or Present perfect She didn’t notice that she (never see) …………………….……… that film before I suddenly (remember) that I ……………………… (forget) my keys Bill no longer has his car He (sell) …………………… it (Have/you/put) ……………………… Off the fire before you (go) ……………… out I was very pleased to see Mary again I (not see) …………………… for a long time I thanked her for everything she (do) ………………………………… for me When I got to the office, I (realize) ………… I (forget) ……………… to lock the door Who is that woman? I (never seen) ………………………… … …… her before Tom was not at home when I (arrive)……………… He (just go) ………………… out 10 She said it (be) ……………… the first time she (meet) ………………… such a man Thì khứ đơn khứ hoàn thành: Almost everybody (leave)………………………… by the time we (arrive) ………………………… He (wonder)………………………… whether he (leave)………………………… his wallet at home The secretary (not leave)………………………… until she (finish)………………………… her work The couple scarcely (enter)……… the house when they (begin) ………………………… to argue The teacher (ask)………………… the boy why he (not do)………………………… his homework She already (post)……… the letter when she (realize)……… she (send)……… it to the wrong address Mia Phạm Page 37 Ngữ pháp Toiec Hardly the car (go)… a mile when it (have)…………… a flat tyre The weather (be)…… far worse than we (expect)……… They (be married)…………… for five years when thy finally (have)……………… a child No sooner they (sell)……… their car than they (regret)………………… having done so 10 When she (finish)……… her work she (go)…………… to the cinema 11 He (not eat)………… until his parents (come)………………………… home 12 She (tell)…………… she never (meet)………………………… him 13 He (do)………… her homework before he ( go)…………… out 14 The lights (go)………… out the moment he (get)………… into the cinema 15 Hardly the holiday (begin)…………… when they (leave)……………… the town 16 They (be)………… out for an hour when it (start)………………………… to rain 17 They (leave)…………… the shop as soon as they (buy)……… everything they (need) ………… 18 The house (burn)…………… to the ground buy the time the firemen (arrive) ………………………… 19 As he (do)……………… a lot of work that day he (be)…………… very tired 20 I already (hear)…………… about the accident when he (tell)……………… me about it 21 He (live)…………… in the country for ten years when he first (come) ………………………… to London 22 I (not talk)………… to him because when I (arrive)………………………… he already (leave)………………………… 23 When we (go)…………… out again, the wind (stop)………………………… 24 He (think)……………… he (win)………………………… in the lottery but he (not have) ………………………… of course 25 No sooner the bell (ring)……………… when the pupils (go)…………… out to play 26 Before you (mention)………………… his name, I never (hear)……………… of this poet 27 Our guests (be)…………… still here when he (come)…………… back from school 28 The same day he (arrive)…………… I (receive)……………… a postcard from him 29 They just (close)……………… the shop when I (get)………… there 30 When the policeman (blow)…………… his whistle the driver (stop)…………… the car III Viết lại câu dựa vào từ cho sẵn David had gone home before we arrived => After…………………………………………………………………………………… We had lunch then we took a look around the shops => Before…………………………………………………………………………………… The light had gone out before we got out of the office => When…………………………………………………………………………………… Mia Phạm Page 38 Ngữ pháp Toiec After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work => By the time …………………………………………………………………………… My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home => Before………………………………………………………………………………… CHUYÊN MỤC QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN Thì khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous Tense) dùng muốn nhấn mạnh diễn biến hay trình vật hay việc thời gian vật hay việc diễn … Cách dùng q khứ tiếp diễn Cách dùng Ví dụ Diễn đạt hành động xảy thời điểm khứ When my sister got there, it was p.m ( Khi chị tơi tới, lúc tối.) Diễn đạt hai hành động xảy đồng thời khứ While I was taking a bath, she was using the computer.( Trong tơi tắm dùng máy tính.) While I was driving home, Peter was trying desperately to contact me (Peter cố gắng liên lạc với lúc lái xe nhà.) I was listening to the news when she phoned.( Tơi nghe tin tức gọi tới ) Diễn đạt hành động xảy có hành động khác xen vào I was walking in the street when I suddenly fell over (Khi đường nhiên tơi bị vấp ngã.) They were still waiting for the plane when I spoke to them (Khi tơi nói chuyện với họ họ chờ máy bay.) Hành động lặp lặp lại Mia Phạm Page 39 Ngữ pháp Toiec When he worked here, he was always making noise (Khi làm việc đây, thường xuyên làm ồn) khứ làm phiền đến người khác My mom was always complaining about my room when she got there (Mẹ than phiền phịng tơi bà đó) She was always singing all day (Cô ta hát suốt ngày) Công thức khứ tiếp diễn Câu khẳng định Câu phủ định Câu nghi vấn S + was/were + V-ing (+ O) S + was/were + not + Ving (+ O) (Từ để hỏi) + was/were + S + V-ing (+ O)? Ví dụ: I was thinking about him last night We were just talking about it before you arrived Ví dụ: I wasn’t thinking about him last night We were not talking about it before you arrived Ví dụ: Were you thinking about him last night? What were you just talking about before I arrived? Dấu hiệu nhận biết khứ tiếp diễn Trong câu có trạng từ thời gian khứ kèm theo thời điểm xác định – at + + thời gian khứ (at 12 o’clock last night,…) – at this time + thời gian khứ (at this time two weeks ago, …) – in + năm (in 2000, in 2005) – in the past (trong khứ) + Trong câu có “when” diễn tả hành động xảy hành động khác xen vào Mia Phạm Page 40 Ngữ pháp Toiec Ngoài việc dựa vào cách dùng Quá khứ tiếp diễn, ngữ cảnh câu bạn cân nhắc sử dụng Quá khứ tiếp diễn có xuất từ như: While (trong khi); When (Khi); at that time (vào thời điểm đó);… Bài tập Vận dụng Bài 1: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc khứ tiếp diễn At this time last year, they (build) this house I (drive) my car very fast when you called me I (chat) with my friends while my teacher (teach) the lesson yesterday My father (watch) TV when I got home At this time yesterday, I (prepare) for my son’s birthday party What you (do) at pm yesterday? Where you (go) when I saw you last weekend? They (not go) to school when I met them yesterday My mother (not do) the housework when my father came home 10 My sister (read) books while my brother (play) football yesterday afternoon PART 2:Chia động từ khứ tiếp diễn I _down the street when it begin to rain (go) At this time last year, I _an English course (attend) Jim under the tree when he heard an explosion (stand) The boy fell and hurt himself while he _ a bicycle (ride) When we met them last year, they in Santiago (live) The tourist lost his camera while he around the city (walk) The lorry _ very fast when it hit our car (go) Mia Phạm Page 41 Ngữ pháp Toiec While I in my room, my roommate _ a party in the other room (study/ have) Mary and I _ the house when the telephone rang (just leave) 10 We in the café when they saw us (sit) * Exercise 3: Put the verb into the correct form: Past simple and past continuous 1, The Chinese ships (tresspass) 80 miles into Vietnamese sea on the May 26 2, When I ………………(get) home, they ………………(watch) TV, they ………………(not/do) their homework 3, What ………Ha ………(do) at 6.30 this morning ? - She ………… (swim) 4, She ………………… (listen) to music when the phone ……………….(ring) 5, We ……………… (study) unit 18 at this time last week 6, I ……………….(not/visit) Ha Long Bay last year, because I ……………(be) busy 7, The train ……………… (leave) the station yesterday afternoon 8, My parents……………….(have) dinner by the time I ………….(get) home yesterday 9, Bill Gate ………….(not/earn) $ 300 in 2005, he ……….(earn) $ 175 10, Where …….you ………….(meet) Tom this morning ? - I (meet) him in front of the school library and he ………… (not/look) cheerful as usual CHUYÊN MỤC VỀ THÌ TƯƠNG LAI I Thì Tương lai đơn tương lai gần 1.Cấu trúc mẫu câu: Tương lai đơn Tương lai gần Động từ “to be” Động từ “ to be” S+ will/shall+ be+ adj/noun S+be going to+be+adj/noun Ex: She will be a good mother Ex: She is going to be a doctor this month Động từ thường: Động từ thường: Mia Phạm Page 42 Ngữ pháp Toiec S+will/shall+V-infinitive Ex: We will go to England next year S + be going to + V-infinitive Ex: Where are you going to spend your holiday? Chức năng: Thì tương lai đơn Thì tương lai gần Diễn đạt định thời Diễn đạt kế hoạch, dự định điểm nói (On-the-spot decision) (intention, plan) Ex: Ex: George phoned while you were out OK We’re going to see my mother I’ll phone him back tomorrow Diễn đạt lời dự đốn khơng có Diễn đạt lời dự đoán dựa vào chứng (evidence) Ex: Ex: - Who you think will get the job? Dùng câu điều kiện loại The sky is very black It is going to rain Diễn tả gợi ý Signal words: What will we now? Những evidence 5.Diễn tả lời đề nghị Ex: Will you pls give me a cup of coffee? Signal Words: I think; I don't think; I am afraid; I am Mia Phạm Page 43 Ngữ pháp Toiec sure that; I fear that; perhaps; probably Bài 1: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc: I love London I (probably / go) there next year What (wear / you) at the party tonight? I haven't made up my mind yet But I think I (find) something nice in my mum's wardrobe I completely forget about this Give me a moment, I (do) it now Tonight, I (stay) home I've rented a video I feel dreadful I (be) sick If you have any problem, I (help) you The weatherforcast says it (not/ rain) tomorrrow I promise that I (not/ come) late 10 Look at those clouds It (rain) now Bài 2: Hoàn thành câu sau sử dụng dạng động từ ngoặc I have bought two tickets My wife and I (see) a movie tonight Mary thinks Peter (get) the job Mia Phạm Page 44 Ngữ pháp Toiec A: “I _(move) from my house tomorrow I have packed everything” B: “I _ (come) and help you.” If I have enough money, I _ (buy) a new car I _ (be) there at four o'clock, I promise The meeting _ (take) place at p.m If you eat all of that cake, you _ (feel) sick They _ (be) at home at 10 o'clock because their son is staying alone at home Perhaps she _ (not / be) able to come tomorrow 10 Because of the train delay, the meeting _(not / take) place at 10 o'clock 11 If it rains, they _ (not / go) to the seaside 12 In my opinion, she _ (fail) the exam 13 He _ ( sell) the car if he doesn’t have enough money to build a new house Mia Phạm Page 45 Ngữ pháp Toiec 14 She is very tired, she _ (take) a rest 15 According to the weather forecast, it (not / rain) this weekend 16 If you lose your job, what (you / do)? 17 In your opinion, (she / be) a good teacher? 18 What time (the sun / set) today? 19 Do you think she ( get) the money from her boss? 20 (you/ take) the children to the cinema this weekend? I have seen some tickets on the table THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN VÀ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH Phân biệt tương lai tiếp diễn tương lai hồn thành qua bảng sau Tương lai tiếp diễn Tương lai hoàn thành Về cấu trúc: Với S chủ ngữ, V động từ, PII động từ dạng phân từ II S + will + be + V-ing S + will + have + PII Về chức năng, cách dùng Diễn đạt hành động hoàn thành trước Diễn tả hành động xảy một hành động khác tương lai thời điểm xác định tương lai hoàn thành trước mốc thời gian xác định tương lai Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Nhận biết qua từ – Before + future time (before next Sunday, before a.m tomorrow, ) At this time tomorrow (giờ ngày mai), at – Các cụm từ kèm với “by” this moment next year (tầm năm sau), at + By + mốc thời gian (by the end of…, by present next friday (tầm thứ sáu tuần sau), tomorrow) at p.m tomorrow (lúc chiều mai),… + By then + By the time Ví dụ: Mia Phạm Page 46 Ngữ pháp Toiec We will be going on a trip to Dalas at thisWill you have visited your relatives before time next Sunday (Tầm chủ nhật tuần sauthe summer vacation? (Bạn thăm họ hàng chúng tơi có chuyến tới Dalas rồi.) trước kỳ nghỉ hè chứ?) She will be waiting for me when I arrive at 2I will not have finished my work before the p.m tomorrow (Khi đến vào chiềutime you come tomorrow (Ngày mai cậu mai đợi tơi.) tới tơi chưa làm việc xong đâu.) Bài tập vận dụng tương lai tiếp diễn Bài 1: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc They are staying at the hotel in London At this time tomorrow, they (travel) in Vietnam When they (come) tomorrow, we (swim) in the sea My parents (visit) Europe at this time next week Daisy (sit) on the plane at am tomorrow At o’clock this evening my friends and I (watch) a famous film at the cinema She (play) with her son at o’clock tonight He (work) at this moment tomorrow They (make) their presentation at this time tomorrow morning Bài 2: Complete these sentences using the future continuous tense This time next year I (live) in London At 8PM tonight I (eat) _ dinner with my family They (run) for about four hours Marathons are incredibly difficult! Unfortunately, I (work) on my essay so I won’t be able to watch the match She (study) _ at the library tonight (you/wait) at the station when she arrives? I (drink) _ at the pub while you are taking your exam! Mia Phạm Page 47 Ngữ pháp Toiec (she/visit) her Grandmother again this week? At 3PM I (watch) that movie on channel four 10 (they/attend) your concert next Friday? It would be lovely to see them BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CỦA THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HỒN THÀNH 10 10 I Hoàn thành câu By 10 pm tonight, I _(finish) this report By 10 pm tonight, we _ (have) dinner By 10 pm tonight, she _ (leave) Paris By 10 pm tonight, John _ (meet) Lucy By 10 pm tonight, they _ (take) the exam By 10 pm tonight, it _ (stop) snowing By 10 pm tonight, I _ (read) all of this book By 10 pm tonight, you _ (fall) asleep By 10 pm tonight, she _ (watch) the film By 10 pm tonight, he _ (arrive) II Hoàn thành câu Anne _ her bike next week (to repair) We _ the washing by o’clock (to do) She _ Paris by the end of next year (to visit) I _ this by o’clock (to finish) Sam _ by next week (to leave) She _ this with her mother tonight (to discuss) The police _ the driver (to arrest) They _ their essay by tomorrow (to write) Paolo _ the teams (to manage) If we can that – then we _ our mission (to fulfil) Mia Phạm Page 48 ... (graze) -> -> 3/ He _ a fire in the living room (make) -> -> 4/ They _ an Autumn fashion Show three months ago (hold) -> -> 5/ I _ my keys on the way home this afternoon.(lose) -> -> 6/ The... President (choose) Mia Phạm Page 16 Ngữ pháp Toiec -> -> 7/ We _ home and _ her asleep on the sofa (go/find) -> -> 8/ She _ over and _ her leg (fall/ break) -> -> II Chia động từ ngoặc... ago 3- They (be) farmers last year 4- Lan and Ba (be) nurses last year 5- It (be not) cold yesterday 6- She (be not) a pupil last week 7- This hat (be not) new yesterday 8- My