NHAN THQC V ^ PHAT HIEN VA PHONG N G D A SL/ D U N G MA TUY TRONG HOC DUONG QUA HOC SINH TRUNG HOC PHO THONG TAI H A NOI fiao Minh OCfc Khoa Tdm ly - Gido due Trudng Dai hpc Su pham Hd Ndi TOM TAT Bdi vie't trinh bdy kei qud ngliier ci'tlt thtic trang nhdn thdc ve phdt hien vd phdng ngl'ta sit dung ma hpc ditdng cua hoc sinh Irung hpc phd Ihdng (THPT) d Hd Npi lai llidi diem Ihdng 10 ndm 2012 Ireii cdc mat: nhdn thdc ve cac bien phdp de phdt hien, phdng ngita sit dung ma liiy hpc dudng: nhdn thdc ve cdc ye'u id giiip cho bdn thdn phdng ngUa ma liiy hpc dudng: nhdn thicc ve cdc bien phdp delubdo ve bdn ihdn trudc ma tity vd nhdn thitc ve hdnh dpng cita bdn than phdl hien hoc sinh sif dung ma lity Irong hoc difdng Tren co sd kei qud Ihu dupc, de xud't mpi sd bien phdp gdp phdn ndng cao nhdn thdc ve phdl hien phong ngita sif dung ma Itiy Irong hpc dudng cho hpc sinh THPT tai Hd Npi T i khda: Nhdn ihifc; Phdt hien vd phong ngifa: Sif dung ma niy irong hoc dudng: Nhdn thifc ve phdt hien vd phdng ngifa sif dung ma tiiy hpc dudng Ngdy nhdn bat: 21/11/2012; Ngdy duyet ddng bdi: 25/12/2012 1, Dat van de Phat hidn va phdng ngia hpc sinh THPT s i dung ma tiy hpc dudng, xay dyng mdi tru&ng hoc dudng sach khdng cd ma tiy la nhiem vu, muc tidu quan trpng, dupc sy quan tam cua nhieu cap ldnh dao ngdnh gido due ndi chung va lanh dao cdc trudng THPT ndi rieng Mdt cdc bien phap dd thyc hien dupc muc tidu trdn Id phai xay dyng dupc nhan thic tdt d hpc sinh THPT vd phdt hidn, phdng ngia s i dung ma tiy hpc dudng, t i dd cdc em cd thdi dd, hdnh vi ttch cyc ty phdng ngia ma cho bdn thdn, gdp phdn cung nha trudng phdt hidn va phdng ngtta ma tiy hpc dudng Trpng nghidn ciu ndy, ching tdi tim hidu thyc trang nhdn thic cua hpc sinh THPT vd phat hidn TAPCHl'TAMLf HOCSdl (166), 1-2013 71 va phdng ngia s i dung ma tiy hpc dudng; trdn ca sd dd, de xud't mdt sd bidn phap gdp phdn ndng cao nhdn thic cho hpc sinh THPT vd phdng ngtta s i dung ma tiy hpc dudng Trong bai vid't nay, khdi nidm s i dyng ma tiy hpc dudng dupc hidu Id hdnh vi sti dtmg chdl ma luy cda hpc iinh Irong mfli truflng hpc ducfng, bdi chd'p nhitng hfiu qud dfl'i vfli bdn thdn, gia dinh, nhd truflng vd xd hpi Khach the va phuong phap nghien cihi Nghidn ciu dupc thyc hidn trdn hpc sinh THPT thudc tru&ng THPT tai Ha Ndi: Tru&ng THPT Van Xudn - Huydn Hodi Die, Tru&ng "fflPT Ddn ldp Dinh Tien Hodng - Qudn Ba Dinh va Tru&ng THPT Truong Dmh - Qudn Hodng Mai Tdng sd khach thd nghien ciu Id 343 hpc sinh Trong dd, hpc sinh khd'i 10 la 122 em (chidm 35,6%), khdi 11 la 114 em (chidm 33,2%) va khd'i 12 la 107 em (chidm 3I,2%> Vd gidi tfnh, cd 142 hpc sinh nam (chidm 41,4%) va 201 hpc sinh n i (chidm 58,6%) Sd hpc sinh cy thd tai mdi tru&ng nhu sau: + Tru&ng THPT Van Xudn, 129 hpc sinh (chidm 37,6%); •I- Tru&ng THPT Ddn lap Dinh Tidn Hpang, 101 hpc sinh (chidm 29,5%); •I- Tru&ng THPT Truang Djnh, 113 hpc sinh (chidm 32,9%) Cdc phupng phdp nghien ciu: Nghien ciu s i dyng phuang phap bang hdi, phupng phdp phdng van sau Mdi cau hdi bang hdi cd phuang dn tra Idi vdi thang didm ttt I de'n die'm Didm trung binh cua mdi cdu tra l&i dupc quy udc thdnh mic dp, khoang each giia cac mic dp la 0,75 didm Ket qua nghien ciu 3.1 Nhfin thicc ve bien phdp phdt hien vd phdng ngiia si ditng ma hpc dudng Kdt qua thu dupc t i bdng I cho tha'y, hoc sinh THPT chp rdng bidn phdp cd hieu qua nha't trpng viec phdt hien va phdng ngtta ma tiy trpng hpc dudng la: -Nhii trudng td chic cdc boat ddng tuydn truydn"; "Thay cd quan tdm sau sdt, phat hien sdm hpc sinh cd nguy cp su dung ma tuy" vd "Nhd trU&ng cd phdng Tdm Iy hoc dudng" Bien phdp cd hieu qua thd'p nhd't la "Nha tru&ng lap hdm thu dd hpc sinh thdng bdp cdc ban hpc sinh nghi su dyng ma tiy" Ket qua nghien ciu thdng qua phdng vd'n sdu tuang ddng vdi ke't qua nghien ciu thu dupc t i bdng hdi Mot sd y kien: "Nhd truflng cdn luyen truyen nhieu ve Idc hai cua ma niy cho hoc sinh bie't md trdnh" (Nguydn Thi P., Idp 11 vd Nguyen Thi N., Idp 10, THPT Van Xudn; Trdn Minh C , ldp I B l , THPT ^^ TAP CHI'TAM LY HOC, Sd (166), - 2013 Dinh Tien Hoang); "Thdy cd nen quan ldm han de'n hgc sinh, nhu vdy thi di phdt hien duac cdc ban co si dting ma tiXy Trudng em co phdng Tdm ly hpc ducmg Id diiu kien td't cho chung em chia se nhiing khd khdn gap phdi, em nghT rang neu co dd sii dung ma thi nen gap thdy cd d phdng Tdm ly hpc dudng de thdy cd giup dd Cdn ne'u em bie't bgn ndo dd dUng ma tiiy thi em cung bdo cho cdc thdy cd d phdng Tdm ly hgc dudng de giup dd cdc bgn dy" (Jxin Y6'n L., 16p 12 Al, THPT Dinh Tifin Hoang); "Co chit nhiem nen tSchac sinh hogt thudng xuyen v&i ldp de ndm tinh hinh cdc bgn" (NguySn Thj P., ldp 11, THPT Van XuSn) Nhin nhan dudi goc d6 cua thdy cO giao: '"Can tdng cudng gidm sdt, ndm bdt thdng tin ve hgc sinh vd kip thdi cd bien phdp ngdn chgn To chiic cdc budi sinh hogi vdi chu de phdng chd'ng ma cd ehd't lugng thdng qua cdc lieu phdm, bdi hdt, trd ldi trdc nghiim" (Co Nguyfin Thi Thiiy D., giao vifin chia nhifim - THPT Truong Dinh) Bdng 1: Nhdn thiic ve bien phdp phdt hien, phdng ngUa ma tiiy hpc dudng Diem TB Thii bac 18,7 2.40 15,2 73,4 3,62 8.5 30,9 42,0 2,96 * 0,0 15,7 27,4 56,9 3,41 0,0 0,0 43,7 56,3 3,55 0,0 32,9 44,9 22,2 2,88 Ti le % Noi dung I Nha trucmg Up hom thu de hoc sinh Iheng bao cac ban hoc sinh nghi sii dung ma Nha trucmg 10 chiic cac hoai dOng luyen truyen, phat 15 roi, tai lieu ve phong chdng ma tiiy Nha trucmg thucmg xuyen t6 chiic xet nghiem hoc sinh de phai hiSn ma liiy Nha Uucmg cd phong Tam ly hpc ducmg d^ tu va'n s6m cho hoc sinh ThSy CO quan tam sau sat de'n hoc sinh, phat hi6n s6m hoc sinh c6 nguy CO dilng ma tiiy Chi'nh quy^n dia phuong xoa bo cac di^m ban hang rong xung quanh trucmg 29,3 19,3 32,7 0,0 11,4 18,6 Ghi chli: Khong hieu eiud: Hien qud mpt phdn: Hien qua niiieu: Rdt hieu ijiid 3.2 Nhdn thUc ve viec tu phong ngiia sudung ma tiiy hpc dudng Ke't qua thu dupc ttt bang chp tha'y, yeu td quan nhat giup cho hpc sinh THPT ty phdng ngia s i dung ma tiy trpng hpc dudng chfnh la sy ty TAP CHI'TAM Lf HOC, Sd (166), - 2013 73 nhdn thic cua ban thdn vd tdc hai cia ma tiy Ydu td thdy cd vd gia dinh cd hieu qua khd nhieu ddi vdi cdc em Yd'u td ban bd khuydn va gia dinh cd ngu&i nghien hdu nhu khdng cd hidu qua giip cho cdc em ty phdng ngtta s i dung ma Ke't qua thu dupc phdng vdn sau cho thdy, hdu hdt cdc em cho bidt: "Em khflng Ihich dimg ma luy vl em biet dupc nhiing tdc hai ciia no tren ti vi vd internel truflng em dupc cdc thdy co dgy ve tdc hai ctia ma lity, em set vd khdng dfim thif ne'u nhu cfl en mfli" (Phan Trf T., Idp 12, THPT Truong Dinh); vd "Em lim hieu tren mang vd hie'l dupc tdc hai cda ma luy Em chua bao gifl diing ma tiiy cd nhung em se khflng ihii vi ma se Idm cho em bi nghien vd vi phpm phdp ludt" (Nguydn Dinh T., ldp 10 A l , THPT Dinh Tten Hoang) Trong cac hanh ddng cua bdn thdn dd phdng ngtta s i dung ma tiy thi hpc sinh THPT cho rdng cdn phai hpc cdch ty bap ve ban thdn trudc cdc ydu nguy CO ttt xung quanh Ke't qua phdng vdn sdu cho thd'y, cdc em ddu cho rdng cdn phai cd ky nang ty bao ve bdn thdn nhu: ky nang t i chdi, ky nang s i dung thdi gian hop ly, ky nang nhan bidt nguy co, ky nang kiem sodt sy cang thing Hpc sinh n i dd cap nhidu de'n bien phdp ndy nhidu hon hoc sinh nam "Theo em, cdn phdi cfl nhung ky ndng ddc biet de phflng trdnh ma liiy, Idm the ndo lie chfl'i de khflng bi cdc ban khdc mfli sil dung, Idm the ndo de nhdn biel nhanh Id nghien ma lity vd cdc ky ndng khdc nita Nhd IrUflng nen day cho cdc em cdc ky ndng ndy lit mflt vdo hpc de biel cdch phflng trdnh ma lity" (Trdn Ydn L., ldp 12 Al, THPT Dinh Tien Hodng) Bdng 2: Nhdn thitc ve viec tUphflng ngifa sif dung ma liiy hpc duflng Noi dung Tiii 1 % Diem TB Thd: bac Ye'u id CO hieu qud giiip cho bdn thdn tu phong ngifa sddung ma tdy hoc dudng Ban than nhan thiic dugc tac hai cda ma luy 0,0 14,0 24,5 61,5 3,48 2, Ban than nhin Iha'y ngudi nghien chet VI ma 52,5 8.7 26,3 12,5 1,99 Ban than so bi nha trudng dudi hoc 0,0 87,8 12,2 0,0 2,12 Gia dinh chi bao 0,0 32,7 31,5 35,8 3,03 Gia dinh cd ngucfi nghien ma tiiy 98,5 0,0 1,5 0,0 1,03 Ban be khuyen khdng nen sii dung 65,6 7,0 27,4 0,0 1,62 7 Th^y cd day khdng duoc sir dung 0,0 32,4 24.7 42,9 3,10 Nha trudng ca'm sir dung ma liiy 0,0 52,5 44,0 3,5 2,51 74 TAP CH[ TAM LY HOC, Sd (166), - 2013 Hdnh ddng debdo vi bdn than khong sd dung nia liiy Tranh xa thud'c M, ruou va cac chat ma tiiy khac 0,0 5,0 30,9 64,1 3,59 2 Ludn lim kie'm Ihdng tin vi each phong ngia ma tiiy 0,0 15,5 21,3 63.2 3,48 3 Khdng giao du, kei ban vdi ngucri nghi cd dung ma niy 0,0 28,9 61,8 9.3 2,80 Khdng Ihir dung ma liiy dugc ngudi khac mdi 0,0 25,4 19,0 55,6 3,30 Tranh xa nhirng ban be, hang xdm, ngudi than cd sir dung ma luy 28.5 39,1 10,2 22.2 2,26 Ludn d^ phdng dd'i vdi cac Ihiic an, dd ud'ng duoc mdi 0,0 16,0 63.3 20,7 3.05 Hoc each tu bao vd ban than trudc cac ye'u Id nguy co tir xung quanh 0.0 0,0 19.5 80,5 3.80 G/K chli: Khong ddng y: Dong y mdt phdn: Dong y nhieu: Rdt dong y Nhing kd't qua tren cho thdy, nhttng bdng ching ve tdc hai cua ma tiy (ngudi nghien ma tiy) va nhttng Idi khuydn bdo cua ban be khdng phai Id ye'u td quan trpng, quydt dinh trpng viec giup cho hpc sinh THPT phdng ngia ma hpc dudng Yeu td quan trpng chfnh la ^ thic cua ban than mdi em dya tien nhttng sy khuydn bao cua thdy cd vd gia dlnh Mdt sd hanh dpng can thidt dd phdng ngtta su dyng ma tiy thi cdc em lai cd hidu bidt kha ban chd Ddy cd the ,1a khe hd de cho tpi pham ma tiy du dd s i dyng Mat khdc, de giup cac em hpc each ty bdo ve ban thdn trudc cdc ye'u td nguy co t i xung quanh thi phai tap hudn, dao tao cho cac em ky nang sd'ng phdng chd'ng ma tiy hpc du6ng, giip cho cac em cd nhan thic linh boat ve cdc thu doan du dd su dyng ma tiy, t i dd cd ky nang ing phd va tim kidm sy hd trp kip th6i 3.3 Nhdn thUc ve hdnh dpng cda bdn thdn phdt Men hpc sinh si dung ma tity hoc dudng Ket qua thu dupc ttt bang cho tha'y, hpc sinh THPT cho rdng cd hanh dpng rdt hieu qua vd dupc lya chpn thyc hien phdt hien ban khac s i dung ma tiy trpng hpc du&ng id: "Tim cdch tidp cdn va khuyen nhu trdnh xa ma tiy" vd "Thdng bdo cho chuydn vidn tdm ly hoc dudng" Hdnh ddng "Mac ke va trdnh xa ban dd" cd didm trung binh thd'p nhd't Dieu cd nghTa la hpc sinh THPT cd sy tuang trp giip dd ldn va se it bd ban phat hien ngudi dd s i dung ma tiy TAP CHi TAM Ly HOC, Sd (166), 1-2013 75 Kdt qua thu dupc t i phdng vd'n sdu cho thd'y cd sy tucmg ddng vdi ke't qua thu dupc ttt bang hdi Cdc em cho bidt: "Ne'u Iflp cfl ban sif dung ma tiiy, em seden noi chuyen vd khuyen ban d'y hci, ne'u ban cfln si dung thi em se gap vd bdo cho cfl Lan Anh ill phimg Tdm ly hpc duflng" (Trdn Minh C , ldp 11 Bl, THPT Dinh Tidn Hodng) Cd mdt trudng hap dupc phdng vdn cho bidt: "Em rdi so ngufli nghien ma /(iy Ne'u co ban ndo Irong IrUflng sUdijng ma luy Ihi em se irdnh ui ban tid" (Nguydn Thi P., ldp 11, THPT Van Xudn) Nhu vay, hpc sinh THPT tin tudng vdo hidu qud cua vide "Tim cdch tidp cdn vd khuyen nhu trdnh xa ma tiy" vd "Bao cho chuydn vien tdm ly hpc dudng" Ndu nhu cac em duoc trang bi kien thic td't va ddy du thi se gdp phdn phdt bidn va phdng ngia si dung ma hpc dudng cd hidu qua Bdng 3: Nliiin thdc ve hdnh dpng cua bdn ihdn phdl hien hpc sinh sif dung ma ldy Irong hpc duflng Noi dung Ti le % Diem TB Thi bic Tim each lie'p can va khuyen nhu tranh xa ma 6,7 8,7 26,8 57,8 3.36 Tim cac tai lieu ve ma niy dua cho ngudi dd 0,0 40,5 35,6 23,9 2,83 Thdng bao cho ihay cd giao chii nhiem va gia dinh ban dd 16,6 9,6 16.4 57.4 3,14 Thdng bao cho chuydn vidn iam ly hoc dudng 0,0 19,5 32.4 48.1 3,29 Mac ke va tranh xa ban dd 36.2 37,0 23,6 3,2 1,94 Glii chii: Khong hieu qua: Hieu qua mpi phdn: Hieu qud nhieu: Rdt hieu qud Nhin chung hpc sinh THPT da cd nhdn thic td't va tich cyc vd hanh ddng cua ban than phdt hien tru&ng cd ban s i dung ma tiy Day la co sd td't cho cdng tdc phdng ngia su dung ma hpc du&ng 3.4 So sdnh nhdn thiic ve phdt hien vd phdng ngita su dung ma hoc dudng theo lieu chi truflng hpc Bang trinh bay kdt qud sp sanh mpt sd items cd sy chdnh lech didm trung binh t i 0,1 diem trd len Hpc sinh THPT Van Xudn danh gia bien phdp "Nha tru&ng lap hom thu de hpc sinh thdng bdo cac ban hpc sinh nghi s i dung ma tiy" cao han so vdi hpc sinh cua trudng cdn lai Hpc sinh tru&ng THPT Van Xudn cung cd DTB 76 TAP CHI'TAM LY HOC, Sd (166), - 2013 vd ydu td "Ban than nhln thd'y ngudi nghien chdt vi ma tiy" thd'p hon tru&ng cdn Iai Bdn canh dd, cdc em Iai ddnh gid cao ydu td "Ban be khuyen khdng nen s i dung" Didu cd thd hidu Id mdi tru&ng hpc du&ng cia Tru&ng THPT Van Xudn Id thudc dia ban huyen Hoai Die, it cd nguy ca cao tidp cdn vdi ma tiy vd ngudi nghidn ma tiy, ddng th&i tfnh chdt lang xa gdn bd ldn cd anh hudng nhidu ddi vdi nhan thic cua cac em Bdng 4: So sdnh nhdn thitc ve phdl hien vd phflng ngifa sif dung ma tity irong hpc duflng Ndi dung Dinh Tien Hoang DTB Thur bac Truong Dinh DTB Thii bac Van Xuan DTB Thiir bac Chenh lech DTB Cdc bien phdp phdl hien, phong ngiia ma ldy hoc dudng Nha uudng lap hdm Ihu dd hgc sinh ihdng bac cac ban 2.43 hoc sinh nghi sir dung ma liiy 2,41 2.96 0,53 Nha trudng td chiic ciic hoai ddng luydn truyen, phai td rdi, lai lidu ve phdng chd'ng ma luy I 3,56 I 3,64 0,1 3.66 Yeu id cd hieu qud gidp cho bdn ihdn lu phdng ngUa sudung ma itiy hoc dudng Ban Ihan nhan thirc dugc lac hai cua ma Uiy 3,52 I 3,40 I 3,50 0.12 Ban Ihan nhin Iha'y ngudi nghien chet vl ma luy 2,00 2.07 1,91 0,16 Ban be khuydn khdng ndn sir dung 1,64 1,50 1,70 0,14-0.20 Thay cd day khdng dugc sir dung 3,15 3,00 3,16 0,15 Hanh dong de hdo ve bdn thdn khong sddung ma luy Ludn lim kiem Ihdng un vd 3,54 each phdng ngia ma luy 3,40 3,50 0,1-0.14 Khdng giao du kdi ban vdi 2,86 ngudi nghi cd dting ma 2,74 2,81 0,12 Khdng thu diing ma tiiy dudc ngudi khac mdi 3,34 • 3,23 0,11 -0,13 3,36 TAP CHITAM Lt HOC, Sd (166), 1-2013 77 Hpc sinh Tru&ng THPT Truong Djnh khdng cho rdng ydu td "Ban thdn nhan thic dupc tac hai cua ma tiy" Id quan trpng nhu hoc sinh cua tru&ng cdn lai vd dd hdnh ddng "Ludn tim kid'm thdng tin vd cdch phong ngtta ma tiy" cung tuong ty thd'p hon tru&ng Hpc sinh Tru&ng Truang Dinh cung ddnh gid thd'p vin dc "Khdng giao du, kdt ban vdi ngu&i nghi cd dung ma tiy"; "Ban be khuyen khdng ndn s i dung" va "Thdy cd day khdng dupc s i dyng" so vdi hpc sinh tru&ng cdn lai Ddng thdi, cdc em ddnh gia cao han tru&ng lai vd yeu td tro giip cho ban thdn ty phdng ngtta ma tiy: "Ban thdn nhin thdy ngudi nghien chet vi ma luj'" Kdt hop vdi dac didm mdi trudng hpc dudng cua Tru&ng Truang Dinh la gdn Uy ban nhdn ddn phudng Tdn Mai, vide thi tuydn vd lya chpn hpc sinh ddu vdo cua tru&ng chat che, nhidn tru&ng cung gdn chp va ndm giia khu vyc dan cu ddng die, cd nhidu ngudi nghidn cua Qudn Hodng Mai; nhttng yeu td ndy cd thd gidi thfch phdn nao vd sy khac biet nhan thic cia hpc sinh Tru&ng THPT Truang Djnh Hpc sinh Tru&ng THPT Dinh Tien Hodng cd DTB nhdn thic ve ydu td "Ban than nhan thic dupc tac hai cua ma tiy" cap hem tru&ng cpn lai, ddng thdi ddnh gid cap hanh ddng "Khdng thi ding ma tiy dupe ngudi khdc mdi" va "Khdng giap du, ket ban vdi ngudi nghi cd dung ma tiy" ban hpc sinh cua tru&ng cdn lai Hpc sinh Trudng Dinh Tien Hodng cung ddnh gia cao hon tru&ng cdn lai vd bien phdp phdng ngtta s i dung ma tiy hpc dudng "Nhd trudng to chic cac hoat ddng tuydn truydn, phat td roi, tdi lidu vd phdng chd'ng ma tiy" Ly anh hudng tdi cdc mat nhan thic trdn mpt phan ttt mdi tru&ng hoc dudng cua Tru&ng Dinh Tien Hoang nhu: dac diem tuydn sinh hpc sinh ddu vdo thd'p; trudng tri ddng tai trpng Quan trung tam cua Ha Ndi gan khu vyc bai Phuc Xd la dia bdn phic tap, nhidu hpc sinh cd nhan than phic tap Ket ludn T i nhttng phan tfch tren cd the dua mdt sd nhan xdt chung nhu sau: Hpc sinh THPT cho rdng, bidn phdp cd hidu qua dd phat hien, phdng ngtta ma tiy hpc dudng tai cac tru&ng THPT gdm cdc bidn phap sau: Nha trudng chic cdc hoat dpng tuydn truydn; Thdy cd quan tdm sau sat, phat hidn sdm hpc sinh cd nguy cP s i dung ma vd nhd tru&ng cd phdng Tdm ly hoc dudng Nhdn thic cia bdn thdn vd tdc hai cua ma tiy la ydu td chfnh giip clio cdc em ty phdng ngia s i dyng ma tiy va ngudn thdng tin giip cho cdc em cd dupc nhdn thic dd chu ye'u la t i cha me va cdc thay cd day bao Hpc sinh THPT cho rdng, bidn phap cd hidu qua, giip cho cdc em tu bao ve bdn thdn trudc ma hpc dudng la phai hoc each tu bao vd ban thdn truoc cdc yeu to nguy co t i xung quanh, ddc bidt Id cdc ky nang sd'ng ve tu ^^ TAP CHI'TAM lif HOC, Sd (166), - 2013 phdng ngia vd dd'i phd vdi cac nguy ca s i dyng ma tiy; trdnh xa thud'c Id, rupu, bia vd cac ehd't ma tiy; ddng thdi ludn tim kidm thdng tin vd each phdng ngia ma tdy hpc dudng Khi phat bien ban cd s i dung ma tiy hoc dudng, hpc sinh THPT thu&ng tim cdch tidp cdn va khuyen nhi ban trdnh xa ma tiy Kien nghi Ttt ke't qua nghien ciu ching tdi dd xuat mdt sd kie'n nghj de phdng ngia s i dung ma hpc dudng nhu sau: - Tang cudng ning cao nhan thic cho hpc sinh thdng qua cdc boat ddng truydn thdng nha tru&ng; - Tdp hudn cac bien phap hd trp phdt hien ban cung Idp hoac cing tru&ng su dung ma tiy; - Dao tao mdi ldp hpc mdt sd hpc sinh ndng cdt; - Xay dyng he thd'ng tdi lieu chuyen mdn ve ma tiy - phong ngia ma tiy hpc dudng; - Nang cao trdch nhidm, sy quan tam sau sat cua gidp vien, dac biet la giao vien chu nhiem; - Thdnh lap phdng tam ly hpc dudng tai mdi tru&ng THPT dd hd trp chuydn sau ve kien thic vd can thiep kip th&i cde tru&ng hpp hpc sinh cd s i dung ma tiy hpc du&ng; - Td chttc cdc khda dao tap, tap hudn vd "Ky nang sd'ng phdng chd'ng ma tiy" dinh ky hdng thang dd trang bi va cung cd nhttng ky nang sd'ng linh hoat cho hpc sinh nhdm ing phd dupc mdt each hieu qua vdi cac tinh hudng ma tiy hpc dudng vd tim kidm su hd trp kip thdi; - Tang cudng phdt hop vdi gia dlnh dd qudn Iy, gido dye va giip hoc sinh, dac bidt Id cdc em cd nguy co cao s i dung ma Tai lieu tham khao Nguydn Ke' Hao (chi bien), Tdm ly hpc Ufa ludi vd tdm ly hoc su pham, NXB Dai hoc Su pham, 2004 Dao Trong Phic, Dai cuong ve ma liiy Vien Kiem nghidm - Bd Y le, 2001 Luu Minh Tri, Hiem hpa ma tiiy - nhdn biel vd hanh ddng, NXB VHTT 2000 TAPCHl'TAMLtHQCSdl (166), 1-2013 79 Nguydn Xuan Thic (chu bien), Tdm ly hoc dai cuang, NXB Dai hoc Qudc gia Ha NdL2010 Ryoko Yamaguchi, Lloyd D.Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Relationship Between StiidenI Illicil Drug Use and School Drug - Testing Policies, tr 159 - 164, Journal of School Health, April, 2003, Vol 73, No 4, 2003 The University of Michiganlnstitute for Social Research (National Institute on Drug Abuse - National Institutes of Health - U.S Department of health and human services) (2011), High School and Youth Trends, tr - 9, March, 2008 United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), (2011), Children and Drug Abuse, tr 503 509, Implementation Handbook for the Convention on the Rights of the Child, April, 2011 ^^ TAP CHI TAM Lt HOC, Sd (166), 1-2013 ... lech didm trung binh t i 0,1 diem trd len Hpc sinh THPT Van Xudn danh gia bien phdp "Nha tru&ng lap hom thu de hpc sinh thdng bdo cac ban hpc sinh nghi s i dung ma tiy" cao han so vdi hpc sinh cua... hpc sinh Trong dd, hpc sinh khd'i 10 la 122 em (chidm 35,6%), khdi 11 la 114 em (chidm 33,2%) va khd'i 12 la 107 em (chidm 3I,2%> Vd gidi tfnh, cd 142 hpc sinh nam (chidm 41,4%) va 201 hpc sinh. .. hpc sinh cd nguy cp su dung ma tuy" vd "Nhd trU&ng cd phdng Tdm Iy hoc dudng" Bien phdp cd hieu qua thd'p nhd't la "Nha tru&ng lap hdm thu dd hpc sinh thdng bdp cdc ban hpc sinh nghi su dyng ma